Marked words appear in this translation and in no other English translation of this verse. Common small words and older spellings are not marked. The marks show where the wording differs, not where the meaning does.
And when she heard of their cabal, she sent to them and gotready a banquet for them, and gave each one of them a knife, and said, "Joseph shewthyself to them." And when they saw him they were amazed at him, and cut their hands, and said, "God keep us! This is no man! This is no other than a noble angel
Sources
Translation John Medows Rodwell, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
Compare translations (4)Talal Itani· published 2012
And when she heard of their gossip, she invited them, and prepared for them a banquet, and she gave each one of them a knife. She said, "Come out before them." And when they saw him, they marveled at him, and cut their hands. They said, "Good God, this is not a human, this must be a precious angel."
Translation Talal Itani, ClearQuran·Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1875–1936 · published 1930
And when she heard of their slytalk, she sent to them and prepared for them a cushionedcouch (to lie on at the feast) and gave to every one of them a knife and said (to Joseph): Come out unto them! And when they saw him they exalted him and cut their hands, exclaiming: AllahBlameless! This is no a human being. This is not other than some gracious angel
Sources
Translation Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran·Public domain — copyright term expired
Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran·1930 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work
·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026
Edward Henry Palmer1840–1882 · published 1880
And when she heard of their craftiness, she sent to them and prepared for them a banquet, and gave each of them a knife; and she said, 'Come forth to them!' And when they saw him they said, 'Great God!' and cut their hands and said, 'God forbid! This is no mortal, this is nothing but an honourable angel
Sources
Translation Edward Henry Palmer, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
And when she heard of their subtlebehaviour, she sent unto them, and prepared a banquet for them, and she gave to each of them a knife; and she said unto Joseph, come forth unto them. And when they saw him, they praised him greatly; and they cut their own hands, and said, O God! This is not a mortal; he is not other than an angel, deserving the highestrespect
Sources
Translation George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an·1734 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work
·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026
Other languages (18)Shqip · Albanian
Kur dëgjoi për përgojimin e tyre, i thirri ato, ua përgatiti një gosti dhe secilës nga ato i dha nga një thikë e tha: "Dil para tyre!" Kur e panë (Jusufin), u mahnitën (nga bukuria e tij) dhe prenë duart e tyre e thanë: "Zoti na ruajttë! Ky nuk qenka njeri, por engjëll fisnik!"
Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5
বাংলা · Bengali
অতঃপর সে (আযীযের স্ত্রী) যখন তাদের ষড়যন্ত্র ও কানাঘুষার কথা শুনতে পেলো, তখন তাদেরকে ডেকে পাঠালো এবং তাদের জন্য হেলানবিশিষ্ট আসন প্রস্তুত করলো। আর তাদের প্রত্যেককে একটি করে ছুরি প্রদান করলো(৮) এবং ইউসুফকে বললো: ‘তাদের সামনে বেরিয়ে আসো।’ অতঃপর তারা যখন তাকে দেখলো, তখন তারা তার অনিন্দ সৌন্দর্যে অভিভূত হলো এবং তারা (খাদ্য কেটে খাওয়ার সময় ছুরি দিয়ে) নিজেদের হাত কেটে ফেললো আর বললো: ‘আল্লাহই মহা পবিত্র! এতো মানুষ নয়। এ তো এক মহিমান্বিত ফিরিশতা।’
Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Dawah Association in Rabwah, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.2
Bosanski · Bosnian
I kad je ona čula za ogovaranja njihova, posla po njih, te im naslone pripremi, dade svakoj od njih po nož i reče: "Izađi pred njih!" A kad ga one ugledaše, njegova ljepota ih zanese i po rukama svojim se porezaše: "Sačuvaj Allahu!", uskliknuše, "ovo nije čovjek, ovo je melek plemeniti!"
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 2.0.4
Hrvatski · Croatian
I kad je ona čula za ogovaranja njihova, posla po njih, te im naslone pripremi, dade svakoj od njih po nož i reče: "Izađi pred njih!" A kad ga one ugledaše, njegova ljepota ih zanese i po rukama svojim se porezaše: "Sačuvaj Allahu," uskliknuše, "ovo nije čovjek, ovo je anđeo plemeniti!"
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1
Fulfulde · Fulani
Nde o nannoo pewje maɓɓe ɗen, o nulani ɓe, o hebilani ɓe ngawluuji, o jonni gooto kala e maɓɓe laɓi, o wi'i: "Yaltu e maɓɓe!". Nde ɓe nji'unoo mo, ɓe mawnini mo, ɓe taƴi juuɗe maɓɓe ɗen, ɓe mbi'i: "Kaawee Alla! Oo wanaa ɓanndiŋke, oo wonaani si wanaa malayiko tedduɗo".
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
ქართული · Georgian
როცა გაიგო მათი მზაკვრობის შესახებ, გაუგზავნა მათ (ხალხი), მოუხმო მათ და გაუმზადა მათ ნადიმი, და თითოეულ მათგანს (ქალს) დანა მისცა და უთხრა (იუსუფს): «გამოდი მათ წინაშე!» როცა (ქალებმა) დაინახეს, განადიდეს იგი და ხელები დაიჭრეს და თქვეს: «ღმერთო დიდებულო! ეს ადამიანი არ არის. ეს მხოლოდ წმინდა ანგელოზია».
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.7
Deutsch · German
Als sie dann von ihren Ränken hörte, sandte sie zu ihnen und bereitete ihnen (Arm)stützen (zum anlehnen). Und sie gab einer jeden von ihnen ein Messer und sagte (zu Yusuf): „Geh zu ihnen hinaus!“ Als sie ihn dann sahen, fanden sie ihn groß(artig), und sie zerschnitten sich ihre Hände und sagten: „Allah behüte! Das ist kein Mensch, das ist nur ein edler Engel.“
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.15
Ελληνικά · Greek
Όταν άκουσε για τα κουτσομπολιά τους (και το σχέδιό τους για να δουν τον Ιωσήφ), τους κάλεσε και προετοίμασε γι' αυτές έναν χώρο με μαξιλάρια και φαγητό, και έδωσε σε καθεμία ένα μαχαίρι (για να κόψουν το φαγητό) και είπε (στον Ιωσήφ): «Βγες έξω μπροστά τους.» Όταν τον είδαν, τον θαύμασαν (λόγω της ομορφιάς του) και τραυμάτισαν τα χέρια τους (χωρίς να το καταλάβουν ενώ έκοβαν κίτρα) και είπαν: «Θεός φυλάξοι! Αυτός δεν είναι ένας άνθρωπος, αυτός δεν είναι παρά ένας ευγενής άγγελος.»
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
हिन्दी · Hindi
चुनाँचे जब उसने उन स्त्रियों की छलकपट की बात सुनी, तो उन्हें बुला भेजा और उनके लिए गाव-तकिए लगवाए और प्रत्येक स्त्री को एक छुरी दे दी।[8] और उसने (यूसुफ़ से) कहा : इनके सामने आ जाओ। फिर जब उन स्त्रियों ने उसे देखा, तो उन्होंने उसे बहुत बड़ा समझा और अपने हाथ काट डाले तथा बोल उठीं : अल्लाह की पनाह! यह मनुष्य नहीं है। यह तो कोई सम्मानित फ़रिश्ता है।
Translated by Azizul Haq Al-Omari
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.5
Italiano · Italian
Quando lei venne a sapere dei loro pettegolezzi, le invitò; preparò un comodo giaciglio e diede a ognuna di loro un coltello, poi disse a lui: «Fatti vedere da loro.» Quando lo videro, si meravigliarono e si ferirono le mani. Dissero: «Che Allāh ci protegga! Questo di certo non è umano! Lui dev’essere un nobile angelo!»
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
Lietuvių · Lithuanian
31. Taigi, kai ji išgirdo jų kaltinimus, išsiuntė joms pakvietimą ir paruošė kviestinius pietus. Ji davė kiekvienai jų peilį (maistui pjaustyti) ir tarė [Jusufui (Juozapui)]: „Išeik priešais jas.“ Tada, kai jos pamatė jį, jos išgyrė jį (dėl jo grožio) ir (būdamos nustebusios) susipjaustė savo rankas. Jos tarė: „Koks tobulas yra Allahas (arba Sergėk Allahai)! Joks vyras nėra toks! Tai niekas kitas, tik kilnusis angelas!“
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.8
Afaan Oromoo · Oromo
Yeroma hamii isaanii dhageessu, gara isaaniitti ergite, makaddaa (fiiNyaata) isaaniif qopheessite, Tokko tokkoon isaaniitiif ablee (billaawa) kenitte. Isaan (yuusufiin) "irratti gadi bahi” jette. (gadi bahe) Yeroma isa argan isa dinqisiifatan (bareedina isaatiin dhama'anii) Harkoowwan isaaniis (osoo hinbeekin) mummuran, nijedhan “Rabbiin qulqulaa’ee, inni kun namaa miti, Inni kun maleykaa gaariidha malee waan biraatii miti”.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.0
Русский · Russian
И когда она услышала об их кознях, то послала за ними, приготовила для них места для возлежания и дала каждой из них по ножу. Затем она сказала: «Выйди к ним!» И когда они увидели его, то были потрясены им, порезали себе руки и воскликнули: «Пречист Аллах! Это не человек — это не кто иной, как благородный ангел!»
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1
Српски · Serbian
И кад је она чула за њихова оговарања, посла по њих, па им припреми наслоне, дала је свакој од њих по нож и рече: „Изађи пред њих!“ А кад га оне угледаше, његова лепота их занесе и по рукама својим се порезаше: „Сачувај Аллаху!“ Ускликнуше, „ово није човек, ово је племенити анђео!“
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4
Kiswahili · Swahili
Basi aliposikia yule bibi masengenyo yao, aliwaita, na akawawekea matakia ya kuegemea, na akampa kila mmoja wao kisu. Akamwambia Yusuf: "Jitokeze mbele yao." Basi walipomwona, waliona ni kitu kikubwa kabisa, na wakajikatakata mikono yao. Wakasema: Hasha Lillahi (Ametakasika Mwenyezi Mungu)! Huyu si mwanadamu. Huyu si isipokuwa Malaika mtukufu.
Issued by the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5
Svenska · Swedish
När hon hörde om deras skvaller bjöd hon in dem och ordnade med sittplatser och gav var och en av dem en kniv. Sedan sa hon [till Josef]: ”Gå ut till dem!” När de såg honom, tappade de fattningen och skar sig i händerna. De utbrast: ”Fullkomlighet tillkommer Gud! Detta är ingen människa, det måste vara en ädel ängel!”
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
Türkçe · Turkish
O kadınların gizlice aleyhinde konuştuklarını işitince kendilerine haber gönderdi. Onlar için oturup yaslanacakları yer hazırladı. Her birine birer de bıçak verdi ve Yûsuf’a: “Çık karşılarına” dedi. Kadınlar Yûsuf’u görünce, onu pek büyüttüler ve şaşkınlıkla ellerini kestiler. “Hâşâ! Allah için, bu bir insan değil, ancak şerefli bir melektir.” dediler.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4
اردو · Urdu
اس نے جب ان کی اس پر فریب غیبت کا حال سنا تو انہیں بلوا بھیجا[1] اور ان کے لئے ایک مجلس مرتب کی[2] اور ان میں سے ہر ایک کو چھری دی۔ اور کہا اے یوسف! ان کے سامنے چلے آؤ[3]، ان عورتوں نے جب اسے دیکھا تو بہت بڑا جانا اور اپنے ہاتھ کاٹ لئے[4]، اور زبان سے نکل گیا کہ حاشاللہ! یہ انسان تو ہرگز نہیں، یہ تو یقیناً کوئی بہت ہی بزرگ فرشتہ ہے.[5]
Translated by Muhammad Ibrahim Junagarhi, developed under the supervision of the Rowwad Translation Center. The original translation is available for the purpose of expressing opinion, evaluation, and continuous development.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.3
About these translations
5 cleared translations, newest first, by year of publication, so the modern English comes before the historical ones. That is an ordering by date, not a judgement. Each is shown complete — this platform never excerpts a translation — and each renders under its translator's name. No translation here is marked as the correct one.
Which translations appear here is set by copyright: they are the ones whose rights could be documented and cleared. The selection is not a judgement that these are the best.
About easy-read
Easy-read
Easy-read is a simplified pronunciation,
not authoritative — a rule-by-rule romanisation, not a reading.
Each verse ends in its pause form, as it is said when you stop there. Pauses inside a verse and other tajwid rules are not shown. It is derived from the Tanzil
Simple edition, while the Arabic above is the
Uthmani edition; both are cleared, but they are not the
same edition and their orthography differs.
DIN 31635waqāla niswatun fī l-madīnati mraʾatu l-ʿazīzi turāwidu fatāhā ʿan nafsihi qad šaġafahā ḥubban ʾinnā lanarāhā fī ḍalālin mubīnin
The translators word this verse differently
Talal Itani2012 Some ladies in the city said, "The governor's wife is trying to seduce her servant. She is deeply in love with him. We see she has gone astray."
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 And women in the city said: The ruler's wife is asking of her slave-boy an ill-deed. Indeed he has smitten her to the heart with love. We behold her in plain aberration
Edward Henry Palmer1880 And women in the city said, 'The wife of the prince desires her young man for his person; he has infatuated her with love: verily, we see her in obvious error
John Medows Rodwell1861 And in the city, the women said, "The wife of the Prince hath solicited her servant: he hath fired her with his love: but we clearly see her manifest error
George Sale1734 And certain women said publicly in the city, the nobleman's wife asked her servant to lie with her: He hath inflamed her breast with his love; and we perceive her to be in a manifest error
Easy-read (simplified)qaalat fadhaalikunna lladhee lumtunnanee feehi walaqad raawadttuhu 'an nafsihi fasta'sama wala'in lam yaf'al maa aamuruhu layusjananna walayakoonan mina s-saaghireen
DIN 31635qālat faḏālikunna llaḏī lumtunnanī fīhi walaqad rāwadttuhu ʿan nafsihi fastaʿṣama walaʾin lam yafʿal mā ʾāmuruhu layusǧananna walayakūnan mina ṣ-ṣāġirīna
Talal Itani2012 She said, "Here he is, the one you blamed me for. I did try to seduce him, but he resisted. But if he does not do what I tell him to do, he will be imprisoned, and will be one of the despised."
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 She said: This is he on whose account ye blamed me. I asked of him an evil act, but he proved continent, but if he do not my behest he verily shall be imprisoned, and verily shall be of those brought low
Edward Henry Palmer1880 Said she, 'This is he concerning whom ye blamed me. I did desire him for his person, but he was too continent. But if he do not what I bid him he shall surely be imprisoned and shall surely be among the small
John Medows Rodwell1861 She said, "This is he about whom ye blamed me. I wished him to yield to my desires, but he stood firm. But if he obey not my command, he shall surely be cast into prison, and become one of the despised
George Sale1734 And his mistress said, this is he, for whose sake ye blamed me: I asked him to lie with me, but he hath constantly refused. But if he do not perform that which I command him, he shall surely be cast into prison, and he shall be made one of the contemptible
DIN 31635qāla rabbi s-siǧnu ʾaḥabbu ʾilayya mimmā yadʿūnanī ʾilayhi waʾillā taṣrif ʿannī kaydahunna ʾaṣbu ʾilayhinna waʾakun mina l-ǧāhilīna
Talal Itani2012 He said, "My Lord, prison is more desirable to me than what they call me to. Unless You turn their scheming away from me, I may yield to them, and become one of the ignorant."
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 He said: O my Lord! Prison is more dear than that unto which they urge me, and if Thou fend not off their wiles from me I shall incline unto them and become of the foolish
Edward Henry Palmer1880 Said he, 'My Lord! Prison is dearer to me than what they call on me to do; and unless Thou turn from me their craftiness I shall feel a passion for them and shall be among the ignorant
John Medows Rodwell1861 He said, "O my Lord! I prefer the prison to compliance with their bidding: but unless thou turn away their snares from me, I shall play the youth with them, and become one of the unwise
George Sale1734 Joseph said, O Lord, a prison is more eligible unto me than the crime to which they invite me; but unless thou turn aside their snares from me, I shall youthfully incline unto them, and I shall become one of the foolish
These figures count the words the translations share. They measure wording, not meaning, and they do not say which translation is right.
Derived measure: mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the
lowercased word sets of the 5 renderings above —
0.55 on a scale
where 0 means identical wording and 1 means no shared words. It is
computed, not judged.
The page says a verse is worded differently only above the cut below. The cut is a stated convention, not a property of the text, and it can be changed.
The cut
0.644
Share of measured verses above it
33%
Verses above it
2,079
Verses measured
6,236
Edward Henry Palmer · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall0.63
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · John Medows Rodwell0.56
Talal Itani · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall0.56
Talal Itani · George Sale0.55
Talal Itani · Edward Henry Palmer0.55
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · George Sale0.55
Talal Itani · John Medows Rodwell0.55
John Medows Rodwell · George Sale0.53
Edward Henry Palmer · John Medows Rodwell0.53
Edward Henry Palmer · George Sale0.48
One bar per pair of renderings, longest bar for the pair
sharing fewest words. Every pair is shown; none is singled out.
Method Wording differences — derived 13 September 2026
Method
Mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the lowercased word sets of the cleared translations of each verse. A verse is marked as worded differently when its score falls in the top third of the corpus — the cut set out in Analysis details.
As at
13 September 2026, 10:56 UTC
Gate
verify/divergence_gate.py re-derives and fails on drift
The platform does not say which is right, and does not
characterise what the difference means. The renderings are placed
together so the difference is visible; reading it is the reader's work.
Sources, editions and licences for everything above
ReceiptsSource fact
7 sources
stand behind this page. Each is listed once, in the order the page first
cites it, with the licence it was cleared under and what was actually read.
Nothing on this page rests on a source that is not here.
Source Tanzil Qur'an text (Uthmani) · Uthmani, Version 1.1
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.
CLEARED. Licence read verbatim from the block embedded in this very file. Ingested exactly as shipped: no normalisation, no stripping of marks, no Unicode recomposition.
Parsed structurally from the EPUB: an h3 names the surah, one p per verse with its number in its own span. An unnumbered p is the basmala and is not a verse, except in surah 1 where the basmala IS verse 1. 112 unnumbered paragraphs were found, which is 114 surahs less surah 1 and surah 9. Text is stored VERBATIM: NFC normalisation and XML entity unescaping only, because CC BY-ND forbids modification.
CLEARED on a licence read first-hand from the translator's own download page, not from an aggregator. Tanzil also hosts this translation, but under a blanket "non-commercial purposes only" term that directs the user to the translator or publisher for permission - a hosting disclaimer, not a grant - so the grant was taken from the licensor directly. The "God" edition was ingested; ClearQuran also publishes an "Allah" edition, differing in how the divine name is rendered, which is not ingested.
CLEARED ON THE WORK, WITH TWO RECORDED CAVEATS ON THIS COPY. (1) Rights basis is the expired copyright term, NOT the redistributing repository's licence. That repository dedicates its contents to the public domain under the Unlicense while also redistributing plainly in-copyright translations (Abdel Haleem, Saheeh International, The Study Quran), so it is dedicating rights it cannot hold and its blanket grant is not relied upon here. (2) The file declares its own upstream as tanzil.net, and Tanzil attaches a non-commercial condition to its TRANSLATION distributions, though not to its Qur'anic text. Since Pickthall's copyright has expired, nobody holds rights in these words and no licence is required from anyone; Tanzil's terms are a contract binding those who download from Tanzil, which we did not. The chain is nonetheless not spotless and Anwar may prefer a clean digitisation of the 1930 printing. NOT VERIFIED: that this digital text matches the 1930 first printing rather than a later revised edition. No page images were collated. Recorded as unverified rather than presented as established. SERVED TEXT DIFFERS FROM THE CITED FILE AT ONE VERSE, 37:97: the file reads "red-hotfire" (a glued token, also in Gutenberg #16955); the served row reads "red-hot fire", restored 2026-09-13 from Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran (London: George Allen & Unwin, printed for Alfred A. Knopf; 1930), p. 460, XXXVII 97 - scan archive.org in.ernet.dli.2015.216140, PDF page 475; banked data/derivation-sources/pickthall-1930-dli-2015.216140-text.pdf (sha256 70e81146c97fa3a590243a82e04e349108546074787e2551a78c616202138870) on Anwar Malik's grant.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is not stated by the redistributor and the printing is unverified. No statement of purpose is recorded for Palmer because none was sourced from his own preface in this pass; nothing is asserted on his behalf.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. TWO edition caveats. (1) The upstream is not stated by the redistributor. (2) Rodwell's own edition PRESENTS THE SURAHS IN HIS OWN CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER, not the mushaf order — he says so in his preface. This digital text is keyed to mushaf order, so it derives from a restored-order printing (such as the Everyman edition) rather than from Rodwell's own arrangement. Which printing is not stated and has not been established.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is NOT STATED by the redistributor, so the printing it represents is unverified; Sale's text was reprinted and re-edited many times between 1734 and 1900. Recorded as unverified rather than assumed to be the first edition.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.
CLEARED. Parallel edition, held in ayah_text_variants. It sits alongside the Uthmani spine for search normalisation and is never used to correct it.