Marked words appear in this translation and in no other English translation of this verse. Common small words and older spellings are not marked. The marks show where the wording differs, not where the meaning does.
Before thee indeed have apostles been mocked at; but though I bore long with the unbelievers, at last I seized upon them; - and how severe was my punishment
Sources
Translation John Medows Rodwell, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1875–1936 · published 1930
And verily messengers (of Allah) were mocked before thee, but long I bore with those who disbelieved. At length I seized them, and how (awful) was My punishment
Sources
Translation Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran·Public domain — copyright term expired
Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran·1930 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work
·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026
Edward Henry Palmer1840–1882 · published 1880
Before thee have apostles been mocked at; and those who misbelieved have I allowed to range at large; and then it caught them up! How then was my punishment
Sources
Translation Edward Henry Palmer, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
Apostles before thee have been laughed to scorn; and I permitted the infidels to enjoy a long and happylife: But afterwards I punished them; and how severe was the punishment which I inflicted on them
Sources
Translation George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an·1734 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work
·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026
Other languages (18)Shqip · Albanian
Edhe para teje i kanë tallur të dërguarit, por Unë u dhashë afat atyre që nuk besuan e më pas i kapa me ndëshkim. Ah, si ishte dënimi Im!
Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5
বাংলা · Bengali
আর (হে রাসূল!) অবশ্যই তোমার পূর্বে (এভাবেই) বহু রাসূলের নিয়ে ঠাট্টা-বিদ্রুপ করা হয়েছে। অতঃপর যারা কুফরী করেছে, আমি তাদেরকে কিছুটা অবকাশ দিয়েছি, তারপর আমি তাদেরকে (শাস্তি দ্বারা) পাকড়াও করেছি। অতএব, দেখো, কেমন ছিল আমার শাস্তি !
Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Dawah Association in Rabwah, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.2
Bosanski · Bosnian
I prije tebe su poslanici ismijavani bili, pa sam Ja onima koji nisu vjerovali vremena ostavljao, i poslije sam ih kažnjavao, a kakva je samo kazna Moja bila!
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 2.0.4
Hrvatski · Croatian
I prije tebe su poslanici ismijavani bili, pa sam Ja onima koji nisu vjerovali vremena ostavljao, i poslije sam ih kažnjavao, a kakva je samo kazna Moja bila!
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1
Fulfulde · Fulani
Goŋɗii nulaaɓe njalkitanoo ma ado maaɗa. mi muññanii ɓen yedduɓe, refti Mi nanngi ɓe. Ko honno lepte am ɗen ngonirnoo!
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
ქართული · Georgian
და უკვე (წარსულში ასე იყო, რომ) ისინი დასცინოდნენ შენამდე (ო, მუჰამმად) მოსულ შუამავლებს (ისევე, როგორც შენი ხალხი
დასცინის იმ ჭეშმარიტებას, რომელსაც მათ აწვდი), და მე გადავუვადე იმათ, ვინც ურწმუნო გახდა. შემდეგ მე დავსაჯე ისინი (ჩემი სასჯელით), და როგორი იყო ჩემი სასჯელი?
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.7
Deutsch · German
Und man machte sich ja bereits über Gesandte vor dir lustig. Da gewährte Ich denen, die ungläubig waren, Aufschub; hierauf ergriff Ich sie. Wie war dann Meine Bestrafung!
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.15
Ελληνικά · Greek
Πράγματι, (πολλοί) Αγγελιοφόροι χλευάστηκαν πριν από σένα (ω, Μωχάμμαντ), αλλά έδωσα αναβολή σ' εκείνους που αρνήθηκαν την πίστη, και μετά τους άρπαξα με την τιμωρία. Πόσο (τρομερή) ήταν η τιμωρία που (τους) έστειλα!
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
हिन्दी · Hindi
और निःसंदेह आपसे पहले भी कई रसूलों का मज़ाक उड़ाया गया, तो मैंने काफ़िरों को मोहलत दी। फिर उन्हें पकड़ लिया। तो मेरी सज़ा कैसी थी?
Translated by Azizul Haq Al-Omari
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.5
Italiano · Italian
E molti inviati furono derisi prima di te, ma ho concesso una tregua ai miscredenti, poi li ho puniti. E quale fu allora la Mia punizione!
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
Lietuvių · Lithuanian
32. Ir iš tiesų, iš (daugybės) Pasiuntinių anksčiau tavęs (Muchammedai ﷺ ) buvo tyčiojamasi, tačiau Aš suteikiau atokvėpį tiems, kurie netikėjo, ir galiausiai Aš juos nubaudžiau. Tad kokia (siaubinga) buvo Mano bausmė!
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.8
Afaan Oromoo · Oromo
Ergamoota si duraattis qishnaan itti godhameera; isaan kafaraniif qaba qabe sana booda isaan qabe. adabbiin kiyya akkam ta’e ree!
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.0
Русский · Russian
Действительно, и до тебя над посланниками насмехались, но Я давал отсрочку тем, кто отверг веру, а затем схватил их. И сколь суровой была Моя кара!
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1
Српски · Serbian
И пре тебе су посланици били исмејавани, па сам Ја онима који нису веровали остављао времена, и после сам их кажњавао, а каква је само била Моја казна!
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4
Kiswahili · Swahili
Na hakika walifanyiwa kejeli Mitume waliokuwa kabla yako. Na nikawapururia wale waliokufuru, kisha nikawashika! Basi ilikuwaje adhabu yangu!
Issued by the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5
Svenska · Swedish
Sändebud före dig har förvisso förlöjligats, men jag gav de otrogna en frist innan jag straffade dem. Hur [strängt] var inte mitt straff då!
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
Türkçe · Turkish
Andolsun, senden önce de nice peygamberler alaya alındı da ben inkâr edenlere bir süre (mühlet) verdim, sonra da onları yakalayıverdim. Benim cezalandırmam nasılmış!
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4
اردو · Urdu
یقیناً آپ سے پہلے کے پیغمبروں کا مذاق اڑایا گیا تھا اور میں نے بھی کافروں کو ڈھیل دی تھی پھر انہیں پکڑ لیا تھا، پس میرا عذاب کیسا رہا؟[1]
Translated by Muhammad Ibrahim Junagarhi, developed under the supervision of the Rowwad Translation Center. The original translation is available for the purpose of expressing opinion, evaluation, and continuous development.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.3
About these translations
5 cleared translations, newest first, by year of publication, so the modern English comes before the historical ones. That is an ordering by date, not a judgement. Each is shown complete — this platform never excerpts a translation — and each renders under its translator's name. No translation here is marked as the correct one.
Which translations appear here is set by copyright: they are the ones whose rights could be documented and cleared. The selection is not a judgement that these are the best.
About easy-read
Easy-read
Easy-read is a simplified pronunciation,
not authoritative — a rule-by-rule romanisation, not a reading.
Each verse ends in its pause form, as it is said when you stop there. Pauses inside a verse and other tajwid rules are not shown. It is derived from the Tanzil
Simple edition, while the Arabic above is the
Uthmani edition; both are cleared, but they are not the
same edition and their orthography differs.
Easy-read (simplified)kadhaalika arsalnaaka fee ummatin qad khalat min qablihaa umamun litatluwa 'alayhimu lladhee awhaynaa ilayka wahum yakfuroona bir-rahmaani qul huwa rabbee laa ilaaha illaa huwa 'alayhi tawakkaltu wa'ilayhi mataab
DIN 31635kaḏālika ʾarsalnāka fī ʾummatin qad ḫalat min qablihā ʾumamun litatluwa ʿalayhimu llaḏī ʾawḥaynā ʾilayka wahum yakfurūna bir-raḥmāni qul huwa rabbī lā ʾilāha ʾillā huwa ʿalayhi tawakkaltu waʾilayhi matābi
Talal Itani2012 Thus We sent you among a community before which other communities have passed away, that you may recite to them what We revealed to you. Yet they deny the Benevolent One. Say, "He is my Lord; there is no god but He; in Him I trust, and to Him is my repentance."
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 Thus We send thee (O Muhammad) unto a nation, before whom other nations have passed away, that thou mayst recite unto them that which We have inspired in thee, while they are disbelievers in the Beneficent. Say: He is my Lord; there is no Allah save Him. In Him do I put my trust and unto Him is my recourse
Edward Henry Palmer1880 Thus have we sent thee to a nation before which other nations have passed away, to recite to them that which we have inspired thee with; yet they misbelieve in the merciful! Say, 'He is my Lord; there is no god but He; upon Him do I rely, and unto Him is my repentance
John Medows Rodwell1861 Thus have we sent thee to a people whom other peoples have preceded, that thou mightest rehearse to them our revelations to thee. Yet they believe not on the God of Mercy. SAY: He is my Lord. There is no God but He. In Him do I put my trust. To Him must I return
George Sale1734 Thus have We sent thee to a nation which other nations have preceded, unto whom prophets have likewise been sent, that thou mayest rehearse unto them that which We have revealed unto thee, even while they believe not in the merciful God. Say unto them, He is my Lord; there is no God but He: In him do I trust, and unto Him must I return
Talal Itani2012 Even if there were a Quran, by which mountains could be set in motion, or by which the earth could be shattered, or by which the dead could be made to speak. In fact, every decision rests with God. Did the believers not give up and realize that had God willed, He would have guided all humanity? Disasters will continue to strike those who disbelieve, because of their deeds, or they fall near their homes, until God's promise comes true. God never breaks a promise.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 Had it been possible for a Lecture to cause the mountains to move, or the earth to be torn asunder, or the dead to speak, (this Qur'an would have done so). Nay, but Allah's is the whole command. Do not those who believe know that, had Allah willed, He could have guided all mankind? As for those who disbelieve, disaster ceaseth not to strike them because of what they do, or it dwelleth near their home until the threat of Allah come to pass. Lo! Allah faileth not to keep the tryst
Edward Henry Palmer1880 And though it were a Qur'an by which the mountains were moved, or by which the earth were cut up, or the dead made to speak - nay, God's is the command altogether! Did not those who believed know that if God had pleased He would have guided men altogether? And a striking calamity shall not cease to overtake those who misbelieve for what they have wrought, or to alight close by their dwellings; until God's promise comes - verily, God fails not in His promise
John Medows Rodwell1861 If there were a Koran by which the mountains could be set in motion, or the earth cleft, or the dead be made to speak ! But all sovereignty is in the hands of God. Do then believers doubt that had He pleased God would certainly have guided all men aright? Misfortune shall not cease to light on the unbelievers for what they have done, or to take up its abode hard by their dwellings, until the threat of God come to pass. Verily, God will not fail his plighted word
George Sale1734 Though a Koran were revealed by which mountains should be removed, or the earth cleaved in sunder, or the dead be caused to speak, it would be in vain. But the matter belongeth wholly unto God. Do not therefore the believers know, that if God pleased, He would certainly direct all men? Adversity shall not cease to afflict the unbelievers for that which they have committed, or to sit down near their habitations, until God's promise come: For God is not contrary to the promise
Easy-read (simplified)afaman huwa qaa'imun 'alaa kulli nafsin bimaa kasabat waja'aloo lillaahi shurakaa'a qul sammoohum am tunabbi'oonahu bimaa laa ya'lamu fee l-'ardi am bizaahirin mina l-qawli bal zuyyina lilladheena kafaroo makruhum wasuddoo 'ani s-sabeeli waman yudlili llaahu famaa lahu min haad
DIN 31635ʾafaman huwa qāʾimun ʿalā kulli nafsin bimā kasabat waǧaʿalū lillāhi šurakāʾa qul sammūhum ʾam tunabbiʾūnahu bimā lā yaʿlamu fī l-ʾarḍi ʾam biẓāhirin mina l-qawli bal zuyyina lillaḏīna kafarū makruhum waṣuddū ʿani s-sabīli waman yuḍlili llāhu famā lahu min hādin
Talal Itani2012 Is He who is watchful over the deeds of every soul? Yet they ascribe associates to God. Say, "Name them! Or are you informing Him of something on earth He does not know, or is it a show of words?" In fact, the scheming of those who disbelieve is made to appear good to them, and they are averted from the path. Whomever God misguides has no guide.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 Is He Who is aware of the deserts of every soul (as he who is aware of nothing)? Yet they ascribe unto Allah partners. Say: Name them. Is it that ye would inform Him of something which He knoweth not in the earth? Or is it but a way of speaking? Nay but their contrivance is made seeming fair for those who disbelieve and they are kept from the right road. He whom Allah sendeth astray, for him there is no guide
Edward Henry Palmer1880 Shall He who is standing over every soul (to note) what it has earned -? And they join partners with God! Say, 'Name them; can ye inform Him of what He does not know in the earth? or is it for name's sake only (that ye call upon them)? 'Nay, then, stratagem is made seemly to those who misbelieve, and they turn folks from the path of God! But whomsoever God doth lead astray, no guide has he
John Medows Rodwell1861 Who is it then that is standing over every soul to mark its actions? Yet have they set up associates with God. SAY: Name them. What! Would ye inform God of that which He knoweth not on the Earth? Or are they not a mere empty name? But prepared of old for the infidels was this fraud of theirs; and they are turned aside from the path; and whom God causeth to err, no guide shall there be for him
George Sale1734 Who is it therefore that standeth over every soul, to observe that which it committeth? They attribute companions unto God. Say, name them: Will ye declare unto Him that which He knoweth not in the earth? Or will ye name them in outward speech only? But the deceitful procedure of the infidels was prepared for them; and they are turned aside from the right path: For he whom God shall cause to err, shall have no director
Easy-read (simplified)lahum 'adhaabun fee l-hayaati d-dunyaa wala'adhaabu l-'aakhirati ashaqqu wamaa lahum mina llaahi min waaq
DIN 31635lahum ʿaḏābun fī l-ḥayāti d-dunyā walaʿaḏābu l-ʾāḫirati ʾašaqqu wamā lahum mina llāhi min wāqin
The translators word this verse differently
Talal Itani2012 There is for them torment in the worldly life, but the torment of the Hereafter is harsher. And they have no defender against God.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 For them is torment in the life of the world, and verily the doom of the Hereafter is more painful, and they have no defender from Allah
Edward Henry Palmer1880 For them is torment in this world's life; but surely the torment of the next is more wretched still - nor have they against God a keeper
John Medows Rodwell1861 Chastisement awaiteth them in this present life, and more grievous shall be the chastisement of the next: and none shall screen them from God
George Sale1734 They shall suffer a punishment in this life; but the punishment of the next shall be more grievous: And there shall be none to protect them against God
These figures count the words the translations share. They measure wording, not meaning, and they do not say which translation is right.
Derived measure: mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the
lowercased word sets of the 5 renderings above —
0.70 on a scale
where 0 means identical wording and 1 means no shared words. It is
computed, not judged.
The page says a verse is worded differently only above the cut below. The cut is a stated convention, not a property of the text, and it can be changed.
The cut
0.644
Share of measured verses above it
33%
Verses above it
2,079
Verses measured
6,236
Talal Itani · Edward Henry Palmer0.78
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · George Sale0.78
Talal Itani · George Sale0.78
Talal Itani · John Medows Rodwell0.76
Talal Itani · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall0.72
Edward Henry Palmer · George Sale0.71
Edward Henry Palmer · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall0.66
John Medows Rodwell · George Sale0.62
Edward Henry Palmer · John Medows Rodwell0.62
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · John Medows Rodwell0.56
One bar per pair of renderings, longest bar for the pair
sharing fewest words. Every pair is shown; none is singled out.
Method Wording differences — derived 13 September 2026
Method
Mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the lowercased word sets of the cleared translations of each verse. A verse is marked as worded differently when its score falls in the top third of the corpus — the cut set out in Analysis details.
As at
13 September 2026, 10:56 UTC
Gate
verify/divergence_gate.py re-derives and fails on drift
The platform does not say which is right, and does not
characterise what the difference means. The renderings are placed
together so the difference is visible; reading it is the reader's work.
Sources, editions and licences for everything above
ReceiptsSource fact
7 sources
stand behind this page. Each is listed once, in the order the page first
cites it, with the licence it was cleared under and what was actually read.
Nothing on this page rests on a source that is not here.
Source Tanzil Qur'an text (Uthmani) · Uthmani, Version 1.1
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.
CLEARED. Licence read verbatim from the block embedded in this very file. Ingested exactly as shipped: no normalisation, no stripping of marks, no Unicode recomposition.
Parsed structurally from the EPUB: an h3 names the surah, one p per verse with its number in its own span. An unnumbered p is the basmala and is not a verse, except in surah 1 where the basmala IS verse 1. 112 unnumbered paragraphs were found, which is 114 surahs less surah 1 and surah 9. Text is stored VERBATIM: NFC normalisation and XML entity unescaping only, because CC BY-ND forbids modification.
CLEARED on a licence read first-hand from the translator's own download page, not from an aggregator. Tanzil also hosts this translation, but under a blanket "non-commercial purposes only" term that directs the user to the translator or publisher for permission - a hosting disclaimer, not a grant - so the grant was taken from the licensor directly. The "God" edition was ingested; ClearQuran also publishes an "Allah" edition, differing in how the divine name is rendered, which is not ingested.
CLEARED ON THE WORK, WITH TWO RECORDED CAVEATS ON THIS COPY. (1) Rights basis is the expired copyright term, NOT the redistributing repository's licence. That repository dedicates its contents to the public domain under the Unlicense while also redistributing plainly in-copyright translations (Abdel Haleem, Saheeh International, The Study Quran), so it is dedicating rights it cannot hold and its blanket grant is not relied upon here. (2) The file declares its own upstream as tanzil.net, and Tanzil attaches a non-commercial condition to its TRANSLATION distributions, though not to its Qur'anic text. Since Pickthall's copyright has expired, nobody holds rights in these words and no licence is required from anyone; Tanzil's terms are a contract binding those who download from Tanzil, which we did not. The chain is nonetheless not spotless and Anwar may prefer a clean digitisation of the 1930 printing. NOT VERIFIED: that this digital text matches the 1930 first printing rather than a later revised edition. No page images were collated. Recorded as unverified rather than presented as established. SERVED TEXT DIFFERS FROM THE CITED FILE AT ONE VERSE, 37:97: the file reads "red-hotfire" (a glued token, also in Gutenberg #16955); the served row reads "red-hot fire", restored 2026-09-13 from Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran (London: George Allen & Unwin, printed for Alfred A. Knopf; 1930), p. 460, XXXVII 97 - scan archive.org in.ernet.dli.2015.216140, PDF page 475; banked data/derivation-sources/pickthall-1930-dli-2015.216140-text.pdf (sha256 70e81146c97fa3a590243a82e04e349108546074787e2551a78c616202138870) on Anwar Malik's grant.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is not stated by the redistributor and the printing is unverified. No statement of purpose is recorded for Palmer because none was sourced from his own preface in this pass; nothing is asserted on his behalf.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. TWO edition caveats. (1) The upstream is not stated by the redistributor. (2) Rodwell's own edition PRESENTS THE SURAHS IN HIS OWN CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER, not the mushaf order — he says so in his preface. This digital text is keyed to mushaf order, so it derives from a restored-order printing (such as the Everyman edition) rather than from Rodwell's own arrangement. Which printing is not stated and has not been established.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is NOT STATED by the redistributor, so the printing it represents is unverified; Sale's text was reprinted and re-edited many times between 1734 and 1900. Recorded as unverified rather than assumed to be the first edition.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.
CLEARED. Parallel edition, held in ayah_text_variants. It sits alongside the Uthmani spine for search normalisation and is never used to correct it.