7 sources
stand behind this page. Each is listed once, in the order the page first
cites it, with the licence it was cleared under and what was actually read.
Nothing on this page rests on a source that is not here.
Source Tanzil Qur'an text (Uthmani) · Uthmani, Version 1.1
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.
CLEARED. Licence read verbatim from the block embedded in this very file. Ingested exactly as shipped: no normalisation, no stripping of marks, no Unicode recomposition.
Parsed structurally from the EPUB: an h3 names the surah, one p per verse with its number in its own span. An unnumbered p is the basmala and is not a verse, except in surah 1 where the basmala IS verse 1. 112 unnumbered paragraphs were found, which is 114 surahs less surah 1 and surah 9. Text is stored VERBATIM: NFC normalisation and XML entity unescaping only, because CC BY-ND forbids modification.
CLEARED on a licence read first-hand from the translator's own download page, not from an aggregator. Tanzil also hosts this translation, but under a blanket "non-commercial purposes only" term that directs the user to the translator or publisher for permission - a hosting disclaimer, not a grant - so the grant was taken from the licensor directly. The "God" edition was ingested; ClearQuran also publishes an "Allah" edition, differing in how the divine name is rendered, which is not ingested.
CLEARED ON THE WORK, WITH TWO RECORDED CAVEATS ON THIS COPY. (1) Rights basis is the expired copyright term, NOT the redistributing repository's licence. That repository dedicates its contents to the public domain under the Unlicense while also redistributing plainly in-copyright translations (Abdel Haleem, Saheeh International, The Study Quran), so it is dedicating rights it cannot hold and its blanket grant is not relied upon here. (2) The file declares its own upstream as tanzil.net, and Tanzil attaches a non-commercial condition to its TRANSLATION distributions, though not to its Qur'anic text. Since Pickthall's copyright has expired, nobody holds rights in these words and no licence is required from anyone; Tanzil's terms are a contract binding those who download from Tanzil, which we did not. The chain is nonetheless not spotless and Anwar may prefer a clean digitisation of the 1930 printing. NOT VERIFIED: that this digital text matches the 1930 first printing rather than a later revised edition. No page images were collated. Recorded as unverified rather than presented as established. SERVED TEXT DIFFERS FROM THE CITED FILE AT ONE VERSE, 37:97: the file reads "red-hotfire" (a glued token, also in Gutenberg #16955); the served row reads "red-hot fire", restored 2026-09-13 from Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran (London: George Allen & Unwin, printed for Alfred A. Knopf; 1930), p. 460, XXXVII 97 - scan archive.org in.ernet.dli.2015.216140, PDF page 475; banked data/derivation-sources/pickthall-1930-dli-2015.216140-text.pdf (sha256 70e81146c97fa3a590243a82e04e349108546074787e2551a78c616202138870) on Anwar Malik's grant.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is not stated by the redistributor and the printing is unverified. No statement of purpose is recorded for Palmer because none was sourced from his own preface in this pass; nothing is asserted on his behalf.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. TWO edition caveats. (1) The upstream is not stated by the redistributor. (2) Rodwell's own edition PRESENTS THE SURAHS IN HIS OWN CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER, not the mushaf order — he says so in his preface. This digital text is keyed to mushaf order, so it derives from a restored-order printing (such as the Everyman edition) rather than from Rodwell's own arrangement. Which printing is not stated and has not been established.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is NOT STATED by the redistributor, so the printing it represents is unverified; Sale's text was reprinted and re-edited many times between 1734 and 1900. Recorded as unverified rather than assumed to be the first edition.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.
CLEARED. Parallel edition, held in ayah_text_variants. It sits alongside the Uthmani spine for search normalisation and is never used to correct it.
Marked words appear in this translation and in no other English translation of this verse. Common small words and older spellings are not marked. The marks show where the wording differs, not where the meaning does.
Talal Itani· published 2012
Most of them follow nothing but assumptions; and assumptions avail nothing against the truth. God is fully aware of what they do.
Translation Talal Itani, ClearQuran·Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1875–1936 · published 1930
Most of them follow not but conjecture. Assuredlyconjecture can by no meanstake the place of truth. Lo! Allah is Aware of what they do
Sources
Translation Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran·Public domain — copyright term expired
Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran·1930 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work
·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026
Edward Henry Palmer1840–1882 · published 1880
But most of them follow only suspicion; verily, suspicion does not avail against the truth at all; verily, God knows what they do
Sources
Translation Edward Henry Palmer, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
And the greaterpart of them follow an uncertainopinion only; but a mereopinion attaineth not unto any truth. Verily God knoweth that which they do
Sources
Translation George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an·1734 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work
·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026
Other languages (18)Shqip · Albanian
Shumica e tyre ndjekin vetëm hamendjen. Por, hamendja është e kotë përballë së vërtetës. S'ka dyshim se Allahu e di mirë atë që bëjnë ata.
Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5
বাংলা · Bengali
আর তাদের (মুশরিকদের) অধিকাংশ কেবল ধারণার অনুসরণ করে। নিশ্চয় সত্যের বিপরীতে ধারণা কোনো কাজে আসে না। তারা যা করে, সে বিষয়ে নিশ্চয় আল্লাহ সম্যক অবগত।
Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Dawah Association in Rabwah, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.2
Bosanski · Bosnian
Većina njih slijedi samo pretpostavke, ali pretpostavke nimalo nisu od koristi istini. Allah uistinu dobro zna ono što oni rade.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 2.0.4
Hrvatski · Croatian
Većina njih slijedi samo pretpostavke, ali pretpostavke nimalo nisu od koristi istini. Allah uistinu dobro zna ono što oni rade.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1
Fulfulde · Fulani
Ko ɓuri ɗuuɗude e maɓɓe jokkah si wanah sikke. Pellet sikke ɗen nafataa e goonga kan hay e huunde. Pellet Alla ko gannduɗo ko ɓe ngollata.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
ქართული · Georgian
და მათი უმრავლესობა მხოლოდ ვარაუდს მისდევს. ჭეშმარიტად, ვარაუდი ვერაფრით შეცვლის ჭეშმარიტებას. უეჭველად, ალლაჰი ყოვლისმცოდნეა იმისა, რასაც ისინი სჩადიან. მათგან უმეტესობა [მრავალღმერთიანთაგან] მხოლოდ ვარაუდს მიჰყვება. ჭეშმარიტად, ვარაუდი ვერ ჩაანაცვლებს სიმართლეს, თუნდაც ნაწილობრივ. ჭეშმარიტად, ალლაჰმა უწყის ყველაფერი, რასაც ისინი აკეთებენ.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.7
Deutsch · German
Und die meisten von ihnen folgen nur Mutmaßungen. Die Mutmaßungen nützen aber nichts gegenüber der Wahrheit. Wahrlich, Allah ist wissend über das, was sie tun.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.15
Ελληνικά · Greek
Δεν ακολουθούν οι περισσότεροι απ' αυτούς (τους ειδωλολάτρες) παρά μόνο εικασίες (και αυτά για τα οποία δεν έχουν γνώση). Ωστόσο, οι εικασίες δεν μπορούν να αντικαταστήσουν την αλήθεια (και τη γνώση) σε τίποτε. Πράγματι, ο Αλλάχ είναι Παντογνώστης για ό,τι κάνουν.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
हिन्दी · Hindi
और उनमें से अधिकांश लोग केवल अनुमान का पालन करते हैं। निश्चित रूप से अनुमान सत्य की तुलना में किसी काम का नहीं है। निःसंदेह अल्लाह उसे भली-भाँति जानने वाला है, जो कुछ वे कर रहे हैं।
Translated by Azizul Haq Al-Omari
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.5
Italiano · Italian
Molti di loro seguono nient’altro che supposizioni, ma in verità le supposizioni non hanno alcun valore contro la Verità: in verità Allāh, su ciò che fanno, è Sapiente.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
Lietuvių · Lithuanian
36. Ir dauguma iš jų neseka niekuo, tik spėlionėmis. Iš tiesų, spėlionės negali duoti jokios naudos tiesai. Iš tiesų, Allahas yra Visa Suvokiantis apie tai, ką jie daro.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.8
Afaan Oromoo · Oromo
Irra hedduun isaanii shakkii malee hin hordofan, shakkiin dhugaa irraa homaa hin duroomsu, Rabbiin beekaa waan isaan hojjataniiti.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.0
Русский · Russian
Большинство из них следует не иначе как предположениям. Воистину, предположения никоим образом не заменяют истины. Воистину, Аллах — знающий о том, что они совершают.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1
Српски · Serbian
Већина њих следи само претпоставке, али претпоставке нимало нису од користи истини. Аллах уистину добро зна оно што они раде.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4
Kiswahili · Swahili
Na wengi wao hawafuati isipokuwa dhana tu. Na hakika, dhana haifai kitu mbele ya haki. Hakika Mwenyezi Mungu anajua zaidi yote wanayoyatenda.
Issued by the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5
Svenska · Swedish
De flesta av dem följer bara antaganden, men antaganden kan aldrig ersätta sanningen. Gud vet vad de gör.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
Türkçe · Turkish
Onların çoğu sadece zanna uyarlar. Gerçekte zan, hakikat karşısında bir şey ifade etmez. Şüphesiz ki Allah, onların her yaptıklarını bilendir.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4
اردو · Urdu
اور ان میں سے اکثر لوگ صرف گمان پر چل رہے ہیں۔ یقیناً گمان، حق (کی معرفت) میں کچھ بھی کام نہیں دے سکتا [1] یہ جو کچھ کررہے ہیں یقیناً اللہ کو سب خبر ہے.[2]
Translated by Muhammad Ibrahim Junagarhi, developed under the supervision of the Rowwad Translation Center. The original translation is available for the purpose of expressing opinion, evaluation, and continuous development.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.3
About these translations
5 cleared translations, newest first, by year of publication, so the modern English comes before the historical ones. That is an ordering by date, not a judgement. Each is shown complete — this platform never excerpts a translation — and each renders under its translator's name. No translation here is marked as the correct one.
Which translations appear here is set by copyright: they are the ones whose rights could be documented and cleared. The selection is not a judgement that these are the best.
About easy-read
Easy-read
Easy-read is a simplified pronunciation,
not authoritative — a rule-by-rule romanisation, not a reading.
Each verse ends in its pause form, as it is said when you stop there. Pauses inside a verse and other tajwid rules are not shown. It is derived from the Tanzil
Simple edition, while the Arabic above is the
Uthmani edition; both are cleared, but they are not the
same edition and their orthography differs.
Easy-read (simplified)qul hal min shurakaa'ikum man yabda'u l-khalqa thumma yu'eeduhu quli llaahu yabda'u l-khalqa thumma yu'eeduhu fa'annaa tu'fakoon
DIN 31635qul hal min šurakāʾikum man yabdaʾu l-ḫalqa ṯumma yuʿīduhu quli llāhu yabdaʾu l-ḫalqa ṯumma yuʿīduhu faʾannā tuʾfakūna
The translators word this verse differently
Talal Itani2012 Say, "Can any of your partners initiate creation, and then repeat it?" Say, "God initiates creation, and then repeats it. How are you so deluded?"
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 Say: Is there of your partners (whom ye ascribe unto Allah) one that produceth Creation and then reproduceth it? Say: Allah produceth Creation, then reproduceth it. How then, are ye misled
Edward Henry Palmer1880 Say, 'Is there any of your associates who can produce a creature and then turn it back again?' Say, 'God produces a creature, then turns it back again; how then can ye lie
John Medows Rodwell1861 SAY: Is there any of the gods whom ye add to God who produceth a creature, then causeth it to return to him? SAY: God produceth a creature, then causeth it to return to Him: How therefore are ye turned aside
George Sale1734 Say, is there any of your companions who produceth a creature, and then causeth it to return unto Himself? Say, God produceth a creature, and then causeth it to return unto Himself. How therefore are ye turned aside from his worship
Easy-read (simplified)qul hal min shurakaa'ikum man yahdee ilaa l-haqqi quli llaahu yahdee lilhaqqi afaman yahdee ilaa l-haqqi ahaqqu an yuttaba'a amman laa yahiddee illaa an yuhdaa famaa lakum kayfa tahkumoon
DIN 31635qul hal min šurakāʾikum man yahdī ʾilā l-ḥaqqi quli llāhu yahdī lilḥaqqi ʾafaman yahdī ʾilā l-ḥaqqi ʾaḥaqqu ʾan yuttabaʿa ʾamman lā yahiddī ʾillā ʾan yuhdā famā lakum kayfa taḥkumūna
Talal Itani2012 Say, "Can any of your partners guide to the truth?" Say, "God guides to the truth. Is He who guides to the truth more worthy of being followed, or he who does not guide, unless he himself is guided? What is the matter with you? How do you judge?"
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 Say: Is there of your partners (whom ye ascribe unto Allah) one that leadeth to the Truth? Say: Allah leadeth to the Truth. Is He Who leadeth to the Truth more deserving that He should be followed, or he who findeth not the way unless he (himself) be guided. What aileth you? How judge ye
Edward Henry Palmer1880 Say, 'Is there any of your associates who guides unto the truth?' Say, 'God guides unto the truth.' Is then He who guides unto the truth more worthy to be followed, or he that guides not except he be himself guided? What ails you then, bow ye judge
John Medows Rodwell1861 SAY: Is there any of the gods ye add to God who guideth into the truth? SAY: God guideth into the truth. Is He then who guideth into the truth the more worthy to be followed, or he who guideth not unless he be himself guided? What then hath befallen you that ye so judge
George Sale1734 Say, is there any of your companions who directeth unto the truth? Say, God directeth unto the truth. Whether is he therefore, who directeth unto the truth, more worthy to be followed; or he who directeth not, unless he be directed? What aileth you therefore, that ye judge as ye do
Easy-read (simplified)wamaa kaana haadhaa l-qur'aanu an yuftaraa min dooni llaahi walaakin tasdeeqa lladhee bayna yadayhi watafseela l-kitaabi laa rayba feehi min rabbi l-'aalameen
DIN 31635wamā kāna hāḏā l-qurʾānu ʾan yuftarā min dūni llāhi walākin taṣdīqa llaḏī bayna yadayhi watafṣīla l-kitābi lā rayba fīhi min rabbi l-ʿālamīna
Talal Itani2012 This Quran could not have been produced by anyone other than God. In fact, it is a confirmation of what preceded it, and an elaboration of the Book. There is no doubt about it-it is from the Lord of the Universe.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 And this Qur'an is not such as could ever be invented in despite of Allah; but it is a confirmation of that which was before it and an exposition of that which is decreed for mankind - Therein is no doubt - from the Lord of the Worlds
Edward Henry Palmer1880 This Qur'an could not have been devised by any beside God; but it verifies that which was before it, and details the Book - there is no doubt therein - from the Lord of the worlds
John Medows Rodwell1861 Moreover this Koran could not have been devised by any but God: but it confirmeth what was revealed before it, and is a clearing up of the Scriptures - there is no doubt thereof - from the Lord of all creatures
George Sale1734 This Koran could not have been composed by any except God; but it is a confirmation of that which was revealed before it, and an explanation of the scripture; there is no doubt thereof; sent down from the Lord of all creatures
Easy-read (simplified)am yaqooloona ftaraahu qul fa'too bisooratin mithlihi wad'oo mani stata'tum min dooni llaahi in kuntum saadiqeen
DIN 31635ʾam yaqūlūna ftarāhu qul faʾtū bisūratin miṯlihi wadʿū mani staṭaʿtum min dūni llāhi ʾin kuntum ṣādiqīna
Talal Itani2012 Or do they say, "He has forged it"? Say, "Then produce a single chapter like it, and call upon whomever you can, apart from God, if you are truthful."
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 Or say they: He hath invented it? Say: Then bring a surah like unto it, and call (for help) on all ye can besides Allah, if ye are truthful
Edward Henry Palmer1880 Do they say, 'He hath devised it?' say then, 'Bring a surah like it,- and call, if ye can, on other than God, if ye do tell the truth
John Medows Rodwell1861 Do they say, "He hath devised it himself?" SAY: Then bring a Sura like it; and call on whom ye can beside God, if ye speak truth
George Sale1734 Will they say, Mohammed hath forged it? Answer, bring therefore a chapter like unto it; and call whom ye may to your assistance, besides God, if ye speak truth
These figures count the words the translations share. They measure wording, not meaning, and they do not say which translation is right.
Derived measure: mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the
lowercased word sets of the 5 renderings above —
0.66 on a scale
where 0 means identical wording and 1 means no shared words. It is
computed, not judged.
The page says a verse is worded differently only above the cut below. The cut is a stated convention, not a property of the text, and it can be changed.
The cut
0.644
Share of measured verses above it
33%
Verses above it
2,079
Verses measured
6,236
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · George Sale0.78
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · John Medows Rodwell0.76
Talal Itani · George Sale0.71
Edward Henry Palmer · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall0.67
Edward Henry Palmer · George Sale0.66
Talal Itani · John Medows Rodwell0.64
Edward Henry Palmer · John Medows Rodwell0.62
Talal Itani · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall0.60
John Medows Rodwell · George Sale0.59
Talal Itani · Edward Henry Palmer0.52
One bar per pair of renderings, longest bar for the pair
sharing fewest words. Every pair is shown; none is singled out.
Method Wording differences — derived 13 September 2026
Method
Mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the lowercased word sets of the cleared translations of each verse. A verse is marked as worded differently when its score falls in the top third of the corpus — the cut set out in Analysis details.
As at
13 September 2026, 10:56 UTC
Gate
verify/divergence_gate.py re-derives and fails on drift
The platform does not say which is right, and does not
characterise what the difference means. The renderings are placed
together so the difference is visible; reading it is the reader's work.