Marked words appear in this translation and in no other English translation of this verse. Common small words and older spellings are not marked. The marks show where the wording differs, not where the meaning does.
Should you wonder-the real wonder is their saying: "When we have become dust, will we be in a new creation?" Those are they who defied their Lord. Those are they who will have yokes around their necks. Those are the inhabitants of the Fire, where they will remainforever.
Translation Talal Itani, ClearQuran·Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1875–1936 · published 1930
And if thou wonderest, then wondrous is their saying: When we are dust, are we then forsooth (to be raised) in a new creation? Such are they who disbelieve in their Lord; such have carcans on their necks; such are rightfulowners of the Fire, they will abide therein
Sources
Translation Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran·Public domain — copyright term expired
Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran·1930 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work
·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026
Edward Henry Palmer1840–1882 · published 1880
And if thou shouldst wonder, wondrous is their speech: 'What! when we have become dust, shall we really then be createdanew?' These are they who disbelieve in their Lord, and these are they with fettersround their necks, and these are the fellows of the Fire; they shall dwell therein for aye
Sources
Translation Edward Henry Palmer, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
If ever thou dost marvel, marvellous surely is their saying, "What! when we have become dust, shall we be restored in a new creation?" These are they who in their Lord believe not: these! the collars shall be on their necks; and these shall be inmates of the fire, to abide therein for aye
Sources
Translation John Medows Rodwell, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
If thou dost wonder at the infidelsdenying the resurrection, surely wonderful is their saying, after We shall have been reduced to dust, shall We be restored in a new creature? These are they who believe not in their Lord; these shall have collars on their necks, and these shall be the inhabitants of hell fire: Therein shall they abide for ever
Sources
Translation George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an·1734 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work
·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026
Other languages (18)Shqip · Albanian
Nëse ti çuditesh, atëherë është vërtet e çuditshme thënia e tyre: "A, pasi të bëhemi dhé, do të krijohemi sërish?!" Këta janë ata që e mohojnë Zotin e tyre, të cilët do të kenë pranga në qafë. Këta janë banorët e Zjarrit, ku do të qëndrojnë përgjithmonë.
Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5
বাংলা · Bengali
আর (হে রাসূল!) তুমি যদি কোন কিছুতে আশ্চর্যবোধ করো, তবে বেশি আশ্চর্যজনক হলো তাদের এ কথা: ‘(মৃত্যুর পরে) আমরা যখন মাটি হয়ে যাব, তখন কি আমরা নতুন সৃষ্টিতে পরিণত হব!’ এরাই তারা, যারা (মৃত্যুর পর পুনরুত্থানকে অস্বীকার করে) তাদের রবের সাথে কুফরী করেছে, আর (কিয়ামতের দিন) ওদের গলায় থাকবে শিকল এবং তারা হবে জাহান্নামের অধিবাসী, সেখানে তারা স্থায়ী হবে।
Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Dawah Association in Rabwah, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.2
Bosanski · Bosnian
A ako se čudiš, pa – čudi se riječima njihovim: "Zar ćemo kad prah budemo, zaista ponovo biti stvoreni?" To su oni što ne vjeruju u Gospodara svoga. To su oni na čijim vratovima će biti sindžiri. To su stanovnici Vatre; u njoj će vječno ostati.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 2.0.4
Hrvatski · Croatian
A ako se čudiš, pa – čudi se riječima njihovim: "Zar ćemo kad prah budemo, zaista ponovo biti stvoreni?" To su oni što ne vjeruju u Gospodara svoga. To su oni na čijim vratovima će biti okovi. To su stanovnici Vatre; u njoj će vječno ostati.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1
Fulfulde · Fulani
Si a ŋalɗay, -haawete-haray ko konngol maɓɓe ngol jojji ŋalɗude:-haawniinde- "Eyoo si men wontii mbulmbuldi, mene men wontat e tagoore hesre?" Ko ɓeen ngoni yedduɓe Joomi mun ɓen, ko ɓeen tonngoytee ka daaɗe mun, ko ɓen kadi ngoni yimɓe Yiite; kamɓe ko ɓe luttooɓe e magge.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
ქართული · Georgian
და თუ შენ (ო, შუამავალო) გაოცებული ხარ (იმით, რომ ამ არგუმენტებისა და მტკიცებულებების შემდეგ არ სურთ ირწმუნონ), მაშინ (კიდევ უფრო) გასაოცარია ურწმუნოთა სიტყვები: "როდესაც (სიკვდილის შემდეგ) ჩვენ მიწად ვიქცევით [სრულიად გახრწნილნი], ნამდვილად აღვდგებით
ახალ ქმნილებაში [მკვდრეთით აღმდგარნი]?!" ასეთები
[ისინი არიან], ვინც არ ირწმუნა თავისი უფლის (რომელმაც ისინი შექმნა). და ისინი (არიან), ვისაც (განკითხვის დღეს) (ცეცხლოვანი) ბორკილები ექნებათ კისრებზე. და ისინი – (არიან) ცეცხლის [ჯოჯოხეთის] მკვიდრნი, (და) ისინი იქ მარადჟამს დარჩებიან.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.7
Deutsch · German
Und wenn du dich schon (ver)wunderst, so sind ihre Worte verwunderlich (und sie sagen): „Sollen wir etwa, wenn wir zu Erde geworden sind, wirklich neu erschaffen werden?“ Jene sind es, die ihren Herrn verleugnen; und jene sind es, die Fesseln um ihre Hälse haben; (und) jene sind die Insassen des (Höllen)feuers. Sie werden ewig darin verweilen.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.15
Ελληνικά · Greek
Αν αναρωτιέσαι (ω, Προφήτη, πώς είναι δυνατόν οι άπιστοι να λατρεύουν είδωλα), τότε θα πρέπει να αναρωτηθείς περισσότερο για τα λόγια τους: «Μα (είναι δυνατόν ότι) αφού (θα πεθάνουμε και) θα έχουμε γίνει σκόνη, θα δημιουργηθούμε ξανά;» Εκείνοι είναι αυτοί που αρνήθηκαν την πίστη στον Κύριό τους, και είναι αυτοί που θα έχουν δεσμά στο λαιμό τους, και αυτοί θα είναι οι κάτοικοι της Φωτιάς, όπου θα μείνουν εκεί μέσα για πάντα.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
हिन्दी · Hindi
तथा यदि आप आश्चर्य करते हैं, तो उनका यह कहना[1] बुत आश्चर्यपूर्ण है कि क्या जब हम मिट्टी हो जाएँगे, तो क्या वास्तव में हम निश्चय एक नया जीवन पाएँगे। यही लोग हैं जिन्होंने अपने पालनहार के साथ कुफ़्र किया, तथा यही हैं जिनकी गर्दनों में तौक़ होंगे और यही नरक वाले हैं, वे उसमें सदैव रहने वाले हैं।
Translated by Azizul Haq Al-Omari
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.5
Italiano · Italian
E se ti stupisci, c’è da stupirsi dei loro discorsi: «Una volta diventati polvere, saremmo ricreati a nuova vita?» Loro sono quelli che non hanno creduto al loro Dio, e quelli portano catene al collo e quelli sono la gente del Fuoco, in cui staranno per sempre!
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
Lietuvių · Lithuanian
5. O jei tu (Muchammedai ﷺ ) stebiesi (šiais daugiadieviais, kurie neigia tavo islamiškojo monoteizmo žinią ir prisiėmė šalia Allaho garbinti kitus, kurie negali nei jiems pakenkti, nei duoti naudos), tada stebėtinas yra jų sakymas: „Kai mes būsime dulkės, ar iš tiesų tada būsime (prikelti) nauju kūriniu?“ Jie yra tie, kurie netikėjo savo Viešpačiu! Jie yra tie, kurie turės geležinėmis grandinėmis pririštas rankas prie jų kaklų. Jie bus Ugnies gyventojai gyventi ten amžinai.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.0
Русский · Russian
Если ты удивляешься [чему-либо], то удивительны их слова: «Неужели, когда мы станем прахом, мы [окажемся] в новом творении?» Такие — те, которые отвергли своего Господа; такие — те, у кого на шеях оковы; такие — обитатели адского огня, в нём они пребудут вечно.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1
Српски · Serbian
А ако се чудиш, па - чудо су њихове речи: „Зар ћемо кад будемо прах, заиста поново да будемо створени?“ То су они који не верују у свога Господара. То су они на чијим вратовима ће да буду окови. То су становници Ватре; у њој ће да остану вечно.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4
Kiswahili · Swahili
Na kama ukistaajabu, basi cha ajabu zaidi ni huo usemi wao: Je, tukishakuwa mchanga, kweli tutakuwa katika umbo jipya? Hao ndio waliomkufuru Mola wao Mlezi. Na hao ndio watakaokuwa na makongwa shingoni mwao, na hao ndio watu wa Motoni. Humo watadumu.
Issued by the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5
Svenska · Swedish
Om något ska förvåna dig är det deras ord: ”Ska vi, när vi blivit jord, verkligen skapas på nytt?” Dessa har förkastat [tron på] sin Herre. Bojor ska sitta runt deras halsar, och dessa är eldens folk, och där ska de förbli.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
Türkçe · Turkish
Eğer şaşacaksan, asıl şaşılacak olan onların, “Biz toprak olunca yeniden mi yaratılacakmışız?” demeleridir. İşte bunlar Rablerini inkâr edenlerdir. İşte onlar boyunlarına demir halkalar vurulanlardır ve işte onlar cehennemliklerdir. Onlar orada ebedî kalacaklardır.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4
اردو · Urdu
اگر تجھے تعجب ہو تو واقعی ان کا یہ کہنا عجیب ہے کہ کیا جب ہم مٹی ہو جائیں گے۔ تو کیا ہم نئی پیدائش میں ہوں گے[1] ؟ یہی وه لوگ ہیں جنہوں نے اپنے پروردگار سے کفر کیا۔ یہی ہیں جن کی گردنوں میں طوق ہوں گے اور یہی ہیں جو جہنم کے رہنے والے ہیں جو اس میں ہمیشہ ہمیشہ رہیں گے.
Translated by Muhammad Ibrahim Junagarhi, developed under the supervision of the Rowwad Translation Center. The original translation is available for the purpose of expressing opinion, evaluation, and continuous development.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.3
About these translations
5 cleared translations, newest first, by year of publication, so the modern English comes before the historical ones. That is an ordering by date, not a judgement. Each is shown complete — this platform never excerpts a translation — and each renders under its translator's name. No translation here is marked as the correct one.
Which translations appear here is set by copyright: they are the ones whose rights could be documented and cleared. The selection is not a judgement that these are the best.
About easy-read
Easy-read
Easy-read is a simplified pronunciation,
not authoritative — a rule-by-rule romanisation, not a reading.
Each verse ends in its pause form, as it is said when you stop there. Pauses inside a verse and other tajwid rules are not shown. It is derived from the Tanzil
Simple edition, while the Arabic above is the
Uthmani edition; both are cleared, but they are not the
same edition and their orthography differs.
Talal Itani2012 And it is He who spread the earth, and placed in it mountains and rivers. And He placed in it two kinds of every fruit. He causes the night to overlap the day. In that are signs for people who reflect.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 And He it is Who spread out the earth and placed therein firm hills and flowing streams, and of all fruits He placed therein two spouses (male and female). He covereth the night with the day. Lo! herein verily are portents for people who take thought
Edward Henry Palmer1880 And He it is who has stretched out the earth and placed therein firm mountains and rivers, and of every fruit has He placed therein two kinds. He makes the night cover the day;- verily, in that are signs unto a people who reflect
John Medows Rodwell1861 And He it is who hath outstretched the earth, and placed on it the firm mountains, and rivers: and of every fruit He hath placed on it two kinds: He causeth the night to enshroud the day. Verily in this are signs for those who reflect
George Sale1734 It is He who hath stretched forth the earth, and placed therein stedfast mountains, and rivers; and hath ordained therein of every fruit two different kinds. He causeth the night to cover the day. Herein are certain signs unto people who consider
Talal Itani2012 On earth are adjacent terrains, and gardens of vines, and crops, and date-palms, from the same root or from distinct roots, irrigated with the same water. We make some taste better than others. In that are proofs for people who reason.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 And in the Earth are neighbouring tracts, vineyards and ploughed lands, and date-palms, like and unlike, which are watered with one water. And we have made some of them to excel others in fruit. Lo! herein verily are portents for people who have sense
Edward Henry Palmer1880 And on the earth are neighbouring portions, and gardens of grapes and corn and palms growing together (from one root) and not growing together; they are watered with one water, yet we distinguish one over the other as food;- verily, in that are signs unto a people who have sense
John Medows Rodwell1861 And on the earth hard by each other are its various portions: gardens of grapes and corn, and palm trees single or clustered. Though watered by the same water, yet some make we more excellent as food than other: Verily in all this are signs for those who understand
George Sale1734 And in the earth are tracts of land of different natures, though bordering on each other; and also vineyards, and seeds, and palm-trees springing several from the same root, and singly from distinct roots. They are watered with the same water, yet We render some of them more excellent than others to eat. Herein are surely signs unto people who understand
Talal Itani2012 And they urge you to hasten evil before good, though examples have passed away before them. Your Lord is full of forgiveness towards the people for their wrongdoings, yet your Lord is severe in retribution.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 And they bid thee hasten on the evil rather than the good, when exemplary punishments have indeed occurred before them. But lo! thy Lord is rich in pardon for mankind despite their wrong, and lo! thy Lord is strong in punishment
Edward Henry Palmer1880 They will wish thee to hasten on the evil rather than the good; examples have passed away before them: but thy Lord is possessor of forgiveness unto men, notwithstanding their injustice; but, verily, thy Lord is keen to punish
John Medows Rodwell1861 To hasten evil rather than good will they challenge thee: but, before their time have been like examples. Full, truly, of mercy is thy Lord unto men, despite their sins; but verily, thy Lord is right vehement to punish
George Sale1734 They will ask of thee to hasten evil rather than good: Although there have already been examples of the divine vengeance before them. Thy Lord is surely indued with indulgence towards men, notwithstanding their iniquity; but thy Lord is also severe in punishing
DIN 31635wayaqūlu llaḏīna kafarū lawlā ʾunzila ʿalayhi ʾāyatun min rabbihi ʾinnamā ʾanta munḏirun walikulli qawmin hādin
Talal Itani2012 Those who disbelieve say, "Why was a miracle not sent down to him from his Lord?" You are only a warner, and to every community is a guide.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 Those who disbelieve say: If only some portent were sent down upon him from his Lord! Thou art a warner only, and for every folk a guide
Edward Henry Palmer1880 Those who misbelieve say, 'Unless a sign be sent down upon him from his Lord....' - Thou art only a warner, and every people has its guide
John Medows Rodwell1861 And they who believe not say: "If a sign from his Lord be not sent down to him . . . !" Thou art a warner only. And every people hath its guide
George Sale1734 The infidels say, unless a sign be sent down unto him from his Lord, we will not believe. Thou art commissioned to be a preacher only, and not a worker of miracles: And unto every people hath a director been appointed
These figures count the words the translations share. They measure wording, not meaning, and they do not say which translation is right.
Derived measure: mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the
lowercased word sets of the 5 renderings above —
0.58 on a scale
where 0 means identical wording and 1 means no shared words. It is
computed, not judged.
The page says a verse is worded differently only above the cut below. The cut is a stated convention, not a property of the text, and it can be changed.
The cut
0.644
Share of measured verses above it
33%
Verses above it
2,079
Verses measured
6,236
Talal Itani · Edward Henry Palmer0.68
Talal Itani · George Sale0.67
Edward Henry Palmer · George Sale0.65
Talal Itani · John Medows Rodwell0.62
Edward Henry Palmer · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall0.59
Talal Itani · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall0.59
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · George Sale0.58
Edward Henry Palmer · John Medows Rodwell0.58
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · John Medows Rodwell0.50
John Medows Rodwell · George Sale0.36
One bar per pair of renderings, longest bar for the pair
sharing fewest words. Every pair is shown; none is singled out.
Method Wording differences — derived 13 September 2026
Method
Mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the lowercased word sets of the cleared translations of each verse. A verse is marked as worded differently when its score falls in the top third of the corpus — the cut set out in Analysis details.
As at
13 September 2026, 10:56 UTC
Gate
verify/divergence_gate.py re-derives and fails on drift
The platform does not say which is right, and does not
characterise what the difference means. The renderings are placed
together so the difference is visible; reading it is the reader's work.
Sources, editions and licences for everything above
ReceiptsSource fact
7 sources
stand behind this page. Each is listed once, in the order the page first
cites it, with the licence it was cleared under and what was actually read.
Nothing on this page rests on a source that is not here.
Source Tanzil Qur'an text (Uthmani) · Uthmani, Version 1.1
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.
CLEARED. Licence read verbatim from the block embedded in this very file. Ingested exactly as shipped: no normalisation, no stripping of marks, no Unicode recomposition.
Parsed structurally from the EPUB: an h3 names the surah, one p per verse with its number in its own span. An unnumbered p is the basmala and is not a verse, except in surah 1 where the basmala IS verse 1. 112 unnumbered paragraphs were found, which is 114 surahs less surah 1 and surah 9. Text is stored VERBATIM: NFC normalisation and XML entity unescaping only, because CC BY-ND forbids modification.
CLEARED on a licence read first-hand from the translator's own download page, not from an aggregator. Tanzil also hosts this translation, but under a blanket "non-commercial purposes only" term that directs the user to the translator or publisher for permission - a hosting disclaimer, not a grant - so the grant was taken from the licensor directly. The "God" edition was ingested; ClearQuran also publishes an "Allah" edition, differing in how the divine name is rendered, which is not ingested.
CLEARED ON THE WORK, WITH TWO RECORDED CAVEATS ON THIS COPY. (1) Rights basis is the expired copyright term, NOT the redistributing repository's licence. That repository dedicates its contents to the public domain under the Unlicense while also redistributing plainly in-copyright translations (Abdel Haleem, Saheeh International, The Study Quran), so it is dedicating rights it cannot hold and its blanket grant is not relied upon here. (2) The file declares its own upstream as tanzil.net, and Tanzil attaches a non-commercial condition to its TRANSLATION distributions, though not to its Qur'anic text. Since Pickthall's copyright has expired, nobody holds rights in these words and no licence is required from anyone; Tanzil's terms are a contract binding those who download from Tanzil, which we did not. The chain is nonetheless not spotless and Anwar may prefer a clean digitisation of the 1930 printing. NOT VERIFIED: that this digital text matches the 1930 first printing rather than a later revised edition. No page images were collated. Recorded as unverified rather than presented as established. SERVED TEXT DIFFERS FROM THE CITED FILE AT ONE VERSE, 37:97: the file reads "red-hotfire" (a glued token, also in Gutenberg #16955); the served row reads "red-hot fire", restored 2026-09-13 from Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran (London: George Allen & Unwin, printed for Alfred A. Knopf; 1930), p. 460, XXXVII 97 - scan archive.org in.ernet.dli.2015.216140, PDF page 475; banked data/derivation-sources/pickthall-1930-dli-2015.216140-text.pdf (sha256 70e81146c97fa3a590243a82e04e349108546074787e2551a78c616202138870) on Anwar Malik's grant.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is not stated by the redistributor and the printing is unverified. No statement of purpose is recorded for Palmer because none was sourced from his own preface in this pass; nothing is asserted on his behalf.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. TWO edition caveats. (1) The upstream is not stated by the redistributor. (2) Rodwell's own edition PRESENTS THE SURAHS IN HIS OWN CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER, not the mushaf order — he says so in his preface. This digital text is keyed to mushaf order, so it derives from a restored-order printing (such as the Everyman edition) rather than from Rodwell's own arrangement. Which printing is not stated and has not been established.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is NOT STATED by the redistributor, so the printing it represents is unverified; Sale's text was reprinted and re-edited many times between 1734 and 1900. Recorded as unverified rather than assumed to be the first edition.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.
CLEARED. Parallel edition, held in ayah_text_variants. It sits alongside the Uthmani spine for search normalisation and is never used to correct it.