7 sources
stand behind this page. Each is listed once, in the order the page first
cites it, with the licence it was cleared under and what was actually read.
Nothing on this page rests on a source that is not here.
Source Tanzil Qur'an text (Uthmani) · Uthmani, Version 1.1
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.
CLEARED. Licence read verbatim from the block embedded in this very file. Ingested exactly as shipped: no normalisation, no stripping of marks, no Unicode recomposition.
Parsed structurally from the EPUB: an h3 names the surah, one p per verse with its number in its own span. An unnumbered p is the basmala and is not a verse, except in surah 1 where the basmala IS verse 1. 112 unnumbered paragraphs were found, which is 114 surahs less surah 1 and surah 9. Text is stored VERBATIM: NFC normalisation and XML entity unescaping only, because CC BY-ND forbids modification.
CLEARED on a licence read first-hand from the translator's own download page, not from an aggregator. Tanzil also hosts this translation, but under a blanket "non-commercial purposes only" term that directs the user to the translator or publisher for permission - a hosting disclaimer, not a grant - so the grant was taken from the licensor directly. The "God" edition was ingested; ClearQuran also publishes an "Allah" edition, differing in how the divine name is rendered, which is not ingested.
CLEARED ON THE WORK, WITH TWO RECORDED CAVEATS ON THIS COPY. (1) Rights basis is the expired copyright term, NOT the redistributing repository's licence. That repository dedicates its contents to the public domain under the Unlicense while also redistributing plainly in-copyright translations (Abdel Haleem, Saheeh International, The Study Quran), so it is dedicating rights it cannot hold and its blanket grant is not relied upon here. (2) The file declares its own upstream as tanzil.net, and Tanzil attaches a non-commercial condition to its TRANSLATION distributions, though not to its Qur'anic text. Since Pickthall's copyright has expired, nobody holds rights in these words and no licence is required from anyone; Tanzil's terms are a contract binding those who download from Tanzil, which we did not. The chain is nonetheless not spotless and Anwar may prefer a clean digitisation of the 1930 printing. NOT VERIFIED: that this digital text matches the 1930 first printing rather than a later revised edition. No page images were collated. Recorded as unverified rather than presented as established. SERVED TEXT DIFFERS FROM THE CITED FILE AT ONE VERSE, 37:97: the file reads "red-hotfire" (a glued token, also in Gutenberg #16955); the served row reads "red-hot fire", restored 2026-09-13 from Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran (London: George Allen & Unwin, printed for Alfred A. Knopf; 1930), p. 460, XXXVII 97 - scan archive.org in.ernet.dli.2015.216140, PDF page 475; banked data/derivation-sources/pickthall-1930-dli-2015.216140-text.pdf (sha256 70e81146c97fa3a590243a82e04e349108546074787e2551a78c616202138870) on Anwar Malik's grant.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is not stated by the redistributor and the printing is unverified. No statement of purpose is recorded for Palmer because none was sourced from his own preface in this pass; nothing is asserted on his behalf.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. TWO edition caveats. (1) The upstream is not stated by the redistributor. (2) Rodwell's own edition PRESENTS THE SURAHS IN HIS OWN CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER, not the mushaf order — he says so in his preface. This digital text is keyed to mushaf order, so it derives from a restored-order printing (such as the Everyman edition) rather than from Rodwell's own arrangement. Which printing is not stated and has not been established.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is NOT STATED by the redistributor, so the printing it represents is unverified; Sale's text was reprinted and re-edited many times between 1734 and 1900. Recorded as unverified rather than assumed to be the first edition.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.
CLEARED. Parallel edition, held in ayah_text_variants. It sits alongside the Uthmani spine for search normalisation and is never used to correct it.
Marked words appear in this translation and in no other English translation of this verse. Common small words and older spellings are not marked. The marks show where the wording differs, not where the meaning does.
Talal Itani· published 2012
To every community We sent a messenger: "Worship God, and avoid idolatry." Some of them God guided, while others deservedmisguidance. So travel through the earth, and see what the fate of the deniers was.
Translation Talal Itani, ClearQuran·Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1875–1936 · published 1930
And verily We have raised in every nation a messenger, (proclaiming): Serve Allah and shunfalse gods. Then some of them (there were) whom Allah guided, and some of them (there were) upon whom error had just hold. Do but travel in the land and see the nature of the consequence for the deniers
Sources
Translation Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran·Public domain — copyright term expired
Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran·1930 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work
·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026
Edward Henry Palmer1840–1882 · published 1880
We have sent in every nation an apostle (to say), 'Serve ye God, and avoid Taghut!' and amongst them are some whom God has guided, and amongst them are some for whom error is due;- go ye about then on the earth, and behold how was the end of those who called (the apostles) liars
Sources
Translation Edward Henry Palmer, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
And to every people have we sent an apostle saying: - Worship God and turnaway from Taghout. Some of them there were whom God guided, and there were others decreed to err. But go through the land and see what hath been the end of those who treated my apostles as liars
Sources
Translation John Medows Rodwell, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
We have heretofore raised up in every nation an apostle to admonish them, saying, worship God, and avoid Taghut. And of them there were some whom God directed, and there were others of them who were decreed to go astray. Wherefore go through the earth, Otribe of Koreish, and see what hath been the end of those who accused their apostles of imposture
Sources
Translation George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an·1734 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work
·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026
Other languages (18)Shqip · Albanian
Në të vërtetë, çdo populli i kemi çuar të dërguar, të cilët u thoshin: "Adhurojeni Allahun dhe largojuni zotave të rremë!" Disa i udhëzoi Allahu në rrugë të drejtë e disa e merituan humbjen. Prandaj, udhëtoni nëpër botë dhe shihni se si ishte fundi i përgënjeshtruesve!
Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5
বাংলা · Bengali
আর অবশ্যই আমি প্রত্যেক জাতির কাছে একজন রাসূল প্রেরণ করেছি এ নির্দেশ দিয়ে যে, তোমরা এক আল্লাহর ইবাদাত করো এবং তাগূতকে বর্জন করো।(৫) অতঃপর তাদের মধ্য থেকে আল্লাহ কাউকে হিদায়াত দিয়েছেন এবং তাদের মধ্য থেকে কারো ওপর পথভ্রষ্টতা অবধারিত হয়েছে। সুতরাং তোমরা জমিনে ভ্রমণ করো, অতঃপর দেখো, মিথ্যারোপকারীদের পরিণাম কী হয়েছিল?
Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Dawah Association in Rabwah, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.2
Bosanski · Bosnian
Mi smo svakom narodu poslanika poslali: “Allahu ibadet činite, a kumira – taguta se klonite!” I bilo je među njima onih kojima je Allah na Pravi put ukazao, a i onih koji su zaslužili da ostanu u zabludi; zato putujte po svijetu da vidite kako su završili oni koji su poslanike u laž utjerivali.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 2.0.4
Hrvatski · Croatian
Mi smo svakom narodu poslanika poslali: “Allaha obožavajte, a taguta[1] se klonite!” I bilo je među njima onih kojima je Allah na Pravi put ukazao, a i onih koji su zaslužili da ostanu u zabludi; zato putujte po svijetu da vidite kako su završili oni koji su poslanike u laž utjerivali.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1
Fulfulde · Fulani
Gooŋɗii min imminii e kala mofte nulaaɗo, won´de ndewee Alla, ngoɗɗitoɗon bewnayɗi ɗin. Hino e maɓɓe on Mo Alla feewni, hino e maɓɓe kadi on mo majjere ndeen jojji e mum. Yiilee ka leydi, ndaaron ko honno battane yeddunooɓe ɓeen wa'unoo.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
ქართული · Georgian
და ჩვენ უკვე მივავლინეთ ყოველი თემისათვის (ვინც იყო ადრე) (თავისი) მოციქული (მივეცით მას ბრძანება, რომ ეთქვა მათთვის): «თაყვანი ეცით (მხოლოდ ერთ) ალლაჰს და ერიდეთ ცრუ ღვთაებებს [ტაღუთს] [ნუ სცემთ თაყვანს კერპებს, მკვდრებს და არავის და არაფერს, გარდა ალლაჰისა]». და მათ შორის იყვნენ ისინი, ვისაც ალლაჰმა წარუძღვა (ჭეშმარიტ გზაზე), და მათ შორის იყვნენ ისინი, ვისაც დაეწერა გზა შეცდომისა [ვინც აჩვენეს ქედმაღლობა და ზურგი უბრუნეს ჭეშმარიტებას]. მაშ, იმოგზაურეთ მიწაზე და შეხედეთ [მიიღეთ შეგონება], როგორი იყო დასასრული [რა სასჯელი მოუწია] სიცრუის მომგონებლებს!
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.7
Deutsch · German
Und Wir haben ja bereits in jeder Gemeinschaft einen Gesandten entsandt (, der sagte): „Dient Allah und meidet den Taghut (also die falschen Gottheiten).“ So gibt es unter ihnen manche, die Allah rechtgeleitet hat, und unter ihnen gibt es manche, an denen sich das Irregehen bewahrheitet hat. So geht auf der Erde umher und schaut, wie das Ende der Leugner war.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.15
Ελληνικά · Greek
Πράγματι, έχουμε στείλει σε κάθε έθνος έναν Αγγελιαφόρο, (με την εντολή) ότι: «Να λατρεύετε μόνο τον Αλλάχ και να αποφεύγετε όλες τις ψεύτικες θεότητες.», έτσι, κάποιοι απ' αυτούς (τους ανθρώπους) τους καθοδήγησε ο Αλλάχ, και κάποιοι άλλοι (αρνήθηκαν την πίστη και) άξιζαν την πλάνη. Περπατήστε (και ταξιδέψτε) λοιπόν στη γη (ω, άνθρωποι) για να δείτε πώς ήταν το τέλος αυτών που διέψευδαν (τους Αγγελιαφόρους από τα προηγούμενα έθνη)!
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
हिन्दी · Hindi
और निःसंदेह हमने प्रत्येक समुदाय में एक रसूल भेजा कि अल्लाह की इबादत करो और ताग़ूत (अल्लाह के अलावा की पूजा) से बचो। फिर उनमें से कुछ को अल्लाह ने सीधे मार्ग पर लगाया, तथा उनमें से कुछ पर पथभ्रष्टता सिद्ध हो गई। अतः तुम धरती में चलो-फिरो, फिर देखो कि झुठलाने वालों का परिणाम कैसा हुआ?
Translated by Azizul Haq Al-Omari
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.5
Italiano · Italian
E inviammo ad ogni popolo il proprio Messaggero: «Adorate Allāh e state lontani dal Diavolo!» Tra di loro ci fu chi Allāh guidò, e chi meritò la perdizione. E vagate in terra e osservate come fu la fine di quelli che smentivano.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
Lietuvių · Lithuanian
36. Ir iš tiesų, Mes pasiuntėme iš kiekvienos ummos (bendruomenės, tautos) Pasiuntinį (skelbiantį): „Garbinkite Allahą (Vienintelį) ir venkite (arba laikykitės atokiai nuo) Taghut (visų netikrų dievybių, t. y. negarbinkite Taghut šalia Allaho).“ Tada iš jų tarpo buvo kai kurie, kuriuos Allahas išvedė teisingai, ir iš jų tarpo buvo kai kurie, kuriems buvo pateisintas paklydimas. Taigi, keliaukite žeme ir pažiūrėkite, kokia buvo pabaiga tų, kurie neigė (tiesą).
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.8
Afaan Oromoo · Oromo
Dhugumatti, Nuti ummata hunda keessatti ergamaa erginee jirra “Rabbiin gabbaraa; taabota (gabbaruu) irraas fagaadhaa” (jechuun). Isaan irraa nama Rabbiin isa qajeelchetu jira. Ammas isaan irraa nama jallinni isa irratti mirkanaa’etu jira. Dachii keessa deemaatii booddeen sobsiiftotaa akkam akka ta’e ilaalaa.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.0
Русский · Russian
И действительно, Мы отправили в каждую общину посланника: «Поклоняйтесь Аллаху и сторонитесь тагута». Среди них были те, кого Аллах наставил, и среди них были те, для кого заблуждение стало неизбежным. Так странствуйте по земле и посмотрите, каким был исход тех, кто считал ложью [Наши знамения].
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1
Српски · Serbian
Ми смо сваком народу посланика послали који им је наређивао: „Аллаха обожавајте, а ђавола се клоните!“ И било је међу њима оних које је Аллах упутио, а и оних који су заслужили заблуду. Зато путујте Земљом да видите какав је био завршетак оних који су посланике утеривали у лаж.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4
Kiswahili · Swahili
Na hakika kwa kila umma tuliutumia Mtume kwamba: Muabuduni Mwenyezi Mungu, na muepukeni Twaghut. Basi kati yao wapo aliowaongoa Mwenyezi Mungu. Na kati yao wapo ambao uliwathibitikia upotovu. Basi tembeeni katika ardhi, muangalie ulikuwaje mwisho wa wale wanaokadhibisha.
Issued by the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5
Svenska · Swedish
Till varje folk har vi låtit ett sändebud komma [med budskapet]: ”Dyrka Gud och håll er borta från avgudar!” Bland dem fanns de som Gud vägledde, medan andra dömdes till villfarelse. Färdas på jorden och se hur det slutade för de som vägrade att tro!
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
Türkçe · Turkish
Andolsun biz, her ümmete, “Yalnızca Allah’a ibadet edin, tâğûttan kaçının” diye peygamber gönderdik. Allah, onlardan kimini doğru yola iletti; onlardan kimine de sapıklık hak oldu. Şimdi yeryüzünde dolaşın da peygamberleri yalanlayanların sonunun ne olduğunu görün.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4
اردو · Urdu
ہم نے ہر امت میں رسول بھیجا کہ (لوگو!) صرف اللہ کی عبادت کرو اور اس کے سوا تمام معبودوں سے بچو۔ پس بعض لوگوں کو تو اللہ تعالیٰ نے ہدایت دی اور بعض پر گمراہی ﺛابت ہوگئی[1] ، پس تم خود زمین میں چل پھر کر دیکھ لو کہ جھٹلانے والوں کا انجام کیسا کچھ ہوا؟
Translated by Muhammad Ibrahim Junagarhi, developed under the supervision of the Rowwad Translation Center. The original translation is available for the purpose of expressing opinion, evaluation, and continuous development.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.3
About these translations
5 cleared translations, newest first, by year of publication, so the modern English comes before the historical ones. That is an ordering by date, not a judgement. Each is shown complete — this platform never excerpts a translation — and each renders under its translator's name. No translation here is marked as the correct one.
Which translations appear here is set by copyright: they are the ones whose rights could be documented and cleared. The selection is not a judgement that these are the best.
About easy-read
Easy-read
Easy-read is a simplified pronunciation,
not authoritative — a rule-by-rule romanisation, not a reading.
Each verse ends in its pause form, as it is said when you stop there. Pauses inside a verse and other tajwid rules are not shown. It is derived from the Tanzil
Simple edition, while the Arabic above is the
Uthmani edition; both are cleared, but they are not the
same edition and their orthography differs.
Easy-read (simplified)waqaala lladheena ashrakoo law shaa'a llaahu maa 'abadnaa min doonihi min shay'in nahnu walaa aabaa'unaa walaa harramnaa min doonihi min shay'in kadhaalika fa'ala lladheena min qablihim fahal 'alaa r-rusuli illaa l-balaaghu l-mubeen
DIN 31635waqāla llaḏīna ʾašrakū law šāʾa llāhu mā ʿabadnā min dūnihi min šayʾin naḥnu walā ʾābāʾunā walā ḥarramnā min dūnihi min šayʾin kaḏālika faʿala llaḏīna min qablihim fahal ʿalā r-rusuli ʾillā l-balāġu l-mubīnu
The translators word this verse differently
Talal Itani2012 The idolaters say, "Had God willed, we would not have worshiped anything besides Him, neither us, nor our ancestors, nor would we have prohibited anything besides His prohibitions." Those before them did likewise. Are the messengers responsible for anything but clear communication?
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 And the idolaters say: Had Allah willed, we had not worshipped aught beside Him, we and our fathers, nor had we forbidden aught without (command from) Him. Even so did those before them. Are the messengers charged with aught save plain conveyance (of the message)
Edward Henry Palmer1880 And those who associated (others with God) said, 'Had God pleased we had not served aught beside Him, neither we nor our fathers; nor had we prohibited aught without Him;' - thus did those before them: but have messengers aught to do but to deliver their message plainly
John Medows Rodwell1861 They who have joined other gods with God say, "Had He pleased, neither we nor our fathers had worshipped aught but him; nor should we, apart from him, have forbidden aught." Thus acted they who were before them. Yet is the duty of the apostles other than public preaching
George Sale1734 The idolaters say, if God had pleased, we had not worshipped any thing besides Him, neither had our fathers: Neither had we forbidden any thing, without Him. So did they who were before them. But is the duty of the apostles any other, than public preaching
Easy-read (simplified)in tahris 'alaa hudaahum fa'inna llaaha laa yahdee man yudillu wamaa lahum min naasireen
DIN 31635ʾin taḥriṣ ʿalā hudāhum faʾinna llāha lā yahdī man yuḍillu wamā lahum min nāṣirīna
The translators word this verse differently
Talal Itani2012 Even though you may be concerned about their guidance, God does not guide those who misguide. And they will have no saviors.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 Even if thou (O Muhammad) desirest their right guidance, still Allah assuredly will not guide him who misleadeth. Such have no helpers
Edward Henry Palmer1880 If thou art ever so eager for their guidance, verily, God guides not those who go astray, nor have they any helpers
John Medows Rodwell1861 If thou art anxious for their guidance, know that God will not guide him whom He would lead astray, neither shall they have any helpers
George Sale1734 If thou, O prophet, dost earnestly wish for their direction; verily God will not direct him whom He hath resolved to lead into error; neither shall they have any helpers
DIN 31635waʾaqsamū billāhi ǧahda ʾaymānihim lā yabʿaṯu llāhu man yamūtu balā waʿdan ʿalayhi ḥaqqan walākinna ʾakṯara n-nāsi lā yaʿlamūna
Talal Itani2012 And they swear by God with their most solemn oaths, "God will not resurrect anyone who dies." Yes indeed, it is a promise binding on Him, but most people do not know.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 And they swear by Allah their most binding oaths (that) Allah will not raise up him who dieth. Nay, but it is a promise (binding) upon Him in truth, but most of mankind know not
Edward Henry Palmer1880 They swear by their most strenuous oath, 'God will not raise up him who dies.' - Yea! a promise binding on him true!- but most men do not know
John Medows Rodwell1861 And they swear by God with their most sacred oath that "God will never raise him who once is dead." Nay, but on Him is a promise binding, though most men know it not
George Sale1734 And they swear most solemnly by God, saying, God will not raise the dead. Yea; the promise thereof is true: But the greater part of men know it not
These figures count the words the translations share. They measure wording, not meaning, and they do not say which translation is right.
Derived measure: mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the
lowercased word sets of the 5 renderings above —
0.72 on a scale
where 0 means identical wording and 1 means no shared words. It is
computed, not judged.
The page says a verse is worded differently only above the cut below. The cut is a stated convention, not a property of the text, and it can be changed.
The cut
0.644
Share of measured verses above it
33%
Verses above it
2,079
Verses measured
6,236
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · George Sale0.79
Edward Henry Palmer · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall0.78
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · John Medows Rodwell0.78
Talal Itani · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall0.77
Talal Itani · Edward Henry Palmer0.77
Talal Itani · George Sale0.74
Talal Itani · John Medows Rodwell0.72
Edward Henry Palmer · John Medows Rodwell0.68
Edward Henry Palmer · George Sale0.66
John Medows Rodwell · George Sale0.52
One bar per pair of renderings, longest bar for the pair
sharing fewest words. Every pair is shown; none is singled out.
Method Wording differences — derived 13 September 2026
Method
Mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the lowercased word sets of the cleared translations of each verse. A verse is marked as worded differently when its score falls in the top third of the corpus — the cut set out in Analysis details.
As at
13 September 2026, 10:56 UTC
Gate
verify/divergence_gate.py re-derives and fails on drift
The platform does not say which is right, and does not
characterise what the difference means. The renderings are placed
together so the difference is visible; reading it is the reader's work.