Marked words appear in this translation and in no other English translation of this verse. Common small words and older spellings are not marked. The marks show where the wording differs, not where the meaning does.
Talal Itani· published 2012
Or do you say that Abraham, Ishmael, Isaac, Jacob, and the Patriarchs were Jews or Christians? Say, "Do you know better, or God?" And who does greaterwrong than he who conceals a testimony he has from God? God is not unaware of what you do.
Translation Talal Itani, ClearQuran·Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1875–1936 · published 1930
Or say ye that Abraham, and Ishmael, and Isaac, and Jacob, and the tribes were Jews or Christians? Say: Do ye know best, or doth Allah? And who is more unjust than he who hideth a testimony which he hath received from Allah? Allah is not unaware of what ye do
Sources
Translation Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran·Public domain — copyright term expired
Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran·1930 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work
·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026
Edward Henry Palmer1840–1882 · published 1880
Do ye say that Abraham, and Ishmael, and Isaac, and Jacob, and the Tribes were Jews or Christians? Say, 'Are ye more knowing than God? Who is more unjust than one who conceals a testimony that he has from God?' But God is not careless of what ye do
Sources
Translation Edward Henry Palmer, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
Will ye say, "Verily Abraham, and Ismael, and Isaac, and Jacob, and the tribes, were Jews or Christians?" SAY: Who knoweth best, ye, or God? And who is more in fault than he who concealeth the witness which he hath from God? But God is not regardless of what ye do
Sources
Translation John Medows Rodwell, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
Will ye say, truly Abraham, and Ismael, and Isaac, and Jacob, and the tribes were Jews or Christians? Say, are ye wiser, or God? And who is more unjust than he who hideth the testimony which he hath received from God? But God is not regardless of that which ye do
Sources
Translation George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an·1734 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work
·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026
Other languages (18)Shqip · Albanian
Apo, mos thoni se Ibrahimi, Ismaili, Ishaku, Jakubi dhe esbatët (pejgamberët nga radhët e bijve të Jakubit) ishin jehudë ose të krishterë?! Thuaju: "Ju e dini më mirë apo Allahu?!" E kush është më i padrejtë se ai që fsheh ndonjë dëshmi të sjellë nga Allahu?! Allahu nuk është i shkujdesur ndaj asaj që veproni.
Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5
বাংলা · Bengali
নাকি তোমরা বলতে চাও যে, ‘অবশ্যই ইবরাহীম, ইসমা‘ঈল, ইসহাক, ইয়াকুব ও তাঁর বংশধরগণ ইয়াহূদী বা খৃস্টান ছিলো?’ (হে মুহাম্মাদ,) তুমি বলো: ‘তোমরা কি বেশি জানো, না আল্লাহ?’ আর তার চেয়ে বেশি যালিম আর কে হতে পারে, যার কাছে আল্লাহর পক্ষ থেকে সাক্ষ্য-প্রমাণ বর্তমান থাকা সত্ত্বেও সে তা গোপন করে? আর তোমরা যা করছো, তা থেকে আল্লাহ অমনোযোগী নন।
Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Dawah Association in Rabwah, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.2
Bosanski · Bosnian
Kako možete govoriti da su Ibrahim, Ismail, Ishak, Jakub i potomci njegovi bili židovi ili kršćani? Reci: "Znate li bolje vi ili Allah?" Zar je iko veći nepravednik od onoga koji skriva svjedočanstvo Istine dobivene od Allaha! A Allah nije nemaran prema onome što vi radite.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 2.0.4
Hrvatski · Croatian
Kako možete govoriti da su Abraham, Išmael, Izak, Jakov i potomci njegovi bili židovi ili kršćani? Reci: "Znate li bolje vi ili Allah?" Zar je itko veći nepravednik od onoga koji skriva svjedočanstvo Istine dobivene od Allaha! A Allah nije nemaran prema onome što vi radite.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1
Fulfulde · Fulani
Mbela on njiɗ wi'de wonde Ibrahiima e Isma'iila e Ishaaka e Yaakuub e Asbaat ɓe ngonndoo ko yahudeeɓe maa nasaaraɓe, wi' mbela ko onon ɓuri anndude Alla, hol mbo ɓuri tooñde oon cuuɗoowo seedanfaagu iwde he Alla, Alla noon yeebotaako ko ɓe ngollata koo.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
ქართული · Georgian
ნუთუ თქვენ (ო, წიგნის ხალხო) იტყვით, რომ იბრაჰიმი, ისმაილი, ისჰაყი, ია'ყუბი და ტომები [ტომები — ეს არიან შუამავლები, რომლებიც ისრაილის შთამომავლობის თორმეტ საგვარეულოში იყვნენ] იუდეველები ან ქრისტიანები იყვნენ? (მაშინ როცა ეს წინასწარმეტყველები ცხოვრობდნენ იუდაიზმისა და ქრისტიანობის გაჩენამდე) უთხარი: «თქვენ უკეთ იცით თუ ალლაჰმა? და ვინ არის უფრო უსამართლო, ვიდრე ის, ვინც დამალა თავისთან არსებული მოწმობა ალლაჰისგან. ჭეშმარიტად, ალლაჰი არ არის უყურადღებო იმის მიმართ, რასაც თქვენ აკეთებთ!»
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.7
Deutsch · German
Oder wollt ihr etwa sagen, Ibrahim, Isma'il, lshaq, Ya'qub und die (Propheten unter den) Enkeln (Ya'qubs) seien Juden oder Christen gewesen? Sag: „Wisst ihr es besser oder Allah?“ Und wer ist ungerechter, als wer ein Zeugnis von Allah bei sich verschweigt? Und Allah ist nicht unachtsam dessen, was ihr tut.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.15
Ελληνικά · Greek
Ή, μήπως, (ω, Εβραίοι και Χριστιανοί) λέτε ότι ο Ιμπραήμ (Αβραάμ), ο Ισμαήλ, ο Ισαάκ, ο Γιακούμπ (Ιάκωβος) και οι Αλ-Ασμπάτ (οι προφήτες από τους απογόνους του Ιακώβου) ήταν Εβραίοι ή Χριστιανοί; Πες (ω, Μωχάμμαντ): «Εσείς γνωρίζετε καλύτερα ή ο Αλλάχ;» Και ποιος είναι πιο άδικος απ' αυτόν που κρύβει μια μαρτυρία που έχει από τον Αλλάχ (στην Τορά και στο Ιν-τζήλ -το πρωτότυπο Ευαγγέλιο του Ιησού-, ότι εκείνοι οι Προφήτες ήταν Μουσουλμάνοι); Και ο Αλλάχ δεν αγνοεί ό,τι κάνετε.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
हिन्दी · Hindi
(ऐ अह्ले किताब!) या तुम कहते हो कि इबराहीम और इसमाईल और इसह़ाक़ और याक़ूब तथा उनकी औलाद यहूदी या ईसाई थे? (ऐ नबी! उनसे) कह दो : क्या तुम अधिक जानते हो अथवा अल्लाह? और उससे बड़ा अत्याचारी कौन है, जिसने वह गवाही छिपा ली, जो उसके पास अल्लाह की ओर से थी। और अल्लाह हरगिज़ उससे ग़ाफ़िल नहीं जो तुम करते हो।[69]
Translated by Azizul Haq Al-Omari
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.5
Italiano · Italian
Oppure dite che in verità Ibrāhīm, Isma’īl, Is ħaq e Ya’qub e le tribù erano ebrei o nazareni?” Di’: “Siete voi i più sapienti o Allāh? E chi è più malfattore di chi nasconde una verità da Allāh? E Allāh non è distratto circa ciò che fate!”
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
Lietuvių · Lithuanian
140. Arba jūs sakote, kad Ibrahimas (Abraomas), Ismailis (Izmaelis), Ishakas (Izaokas), Jakūbas (Jokūbas) ir Al-Asbat [dvylikos Jakūbo (Jokūbo) sūnų palikuonys] buvo judėjai arba krikščionys? Sakyk: „Jūs geriau žinote ar Allahas (žino geriau, kad jie visi buvo musulmonai)? Ir kas yra labiau neteisus nei tas, kuris slepia liudijimą [t. y. tikėti Pranašu Muchammedu ﷺ, kai jis ateis, kaip įrašyta jų Knygose (žr. aja 7:157)], iš Allaho? Ir Allahas nėra nežinantis apie tai, ką jūs darote.“
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.8
Afaan Oromoo · Oromo
Sila Ibraahiim, Ismaa’iil, Isihaaq, Ya’aquubiifi Asbaax yahuudota yookiin kiristaanota turan jettanii? Sila isintu irra beekamoo Rabbi?” jedhiin. Sila nama ragaa Rabbirraa tahe kan isa bira jiru dhokse caalaa namni miidhaa hojjate eenyu? Rabbiin waan isin dalagdanirraa dagataa miti." [50]
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.0
Русский · Russian
Или же вы говорите, что Ибрахим, Исма‘ил, Исхак, Я‘куб и колена [Исраила] были иудеями или христианами? Скажи: «Неужели вы лучше знаете, или Аллах? И кто же несправедливее того, кто утаил свидетельство, которое есть у него от Аллаха? А Аллах вовсе не в неведении о том, что вы совершаете».
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1
Српски · Serbian
Како можете да говорите да су Аврам, Јишмаил, Исак, Јаков и потомци његови били јевреји или хришћани? Реци: "Знате ли боље ви или Аллах?" Зар је ико већи неправедник од онога који скрива сведочанство Истине добивене од Аллаха! А Аллах није немаран према ономе што ви радите.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4
Kiswahili · Swahili
Au mnasema kuwa Ibrahim na Ismail na Is-hak na Yaakub na watoto wake walikuwa Mayahudi au Wakristo? Sema: Je, nyinyi mnajua zaidi au Mwenyezi Mungu? Na ni nani mwenye kudhulumu zaidi kuliko yule aliyeficha ushahidi alio nao utokao kwa Mwenyezi Mungu? Na Mwenyezi Mungu si mwenye kughafilika mbali na hayo myafanyayo.
Issued by the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5
Svenska · Swedish
Eller påstår ni att Abraham, Ismael, Isak, Jakob och de av hans ättlingar [som var profeter] var judar eller kristna? Säg: ”Är det ni eller Gud som vet bäst?” Och vem är mer orättfärdig än den som döljer det vittnesbörd han fått från Gud? Gud är inte omedveten om vad ni gör.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
Türkçe · Turkish
Yoksa siz, İbrahim’in, İsmail’in, İshak’ın, Ya'kûb'un ve torunlarının, Yahudi yahut Hristiyan olduklarını mı söylüyorsunuz? (Onlara) De ki: Siz mi daha iyi bilirsiniz, yoksa Allah mı? Allah tarafından kendisine bildirilen gerçeği gizleyenden daha zalim kim vardır? Allah yaptıklarınızdan gâfil değildir.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4
اردو · Urdu
کیا تم کہتے ہو کہ ابراہیم اور اسماعیل اور اسحاق اور یعقوب (علیہم السلام) اور ان کی اوﻻد یہودی یا نصرانی تھے؟ کہہ دو کہ کیا تم زیاده جانتے ہو، یا اللہ تعالیٰ؟[1] اللہ کے پاس شہادت چھپانے والے سے زیاده ﻇالم اور کون ہے؟ اور اللہ تمہارے کاموں سے غافل نہیں۔[2]
Translated by Muhammad Ibrahim Junagarhi, developed under the supervision of the Rowwad Translation Center. The original translation is available for the purpose of expressing opinion, evaluation, and continuous development.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.3
About these translations
5 cleared translations, newest first, by year of publication, so the modern English comes before the historical ones. That is an ordering by date, not a judgement. Each is shown complete — this platform never excerpts a translation — and each renders under its translator's name. No translation here is marked as the correct one.
Which translations appear here is set by copyright: they are the ones whose rights could be documented and cleared. The selection is not a judgement that these are the best.
About easy-read
Easy-read
Easy-read is a simplified pronunciation,
not authoritative — a rule-by-rule romanisation, not a reading.
Each verse ends in its pause form, as it is said when you stop there. Pauses inside a verse and other tajwid rules are not shown. It is derived from the Tanzil
Simple edition, while the Arabic above is the
Uthmani edition; both are cleared, but they are not the
same edition and their orthography differs.
Talal Itani2012 Say, "Do you argue with us about God, when He is our Lord and your Lord, and We have our works, and you have your works, and we are sincere to Him?"
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 Say (unto the People of the Scripture): Dispute ye with us concerning Allah when He is our Lord and your Lord? Ours are our works and yours your works. We look to Him alone
Edward Henry Palmer1880 Say, 'Do ye dispute with us concerning God, and He is our Lord and your Lord? Ye have your works and we have ours, and unto Him are we sincere
John Medows Rodwell1861 SAY: Will ye dispute with us about God? when He is our Lord and your Lord! We have our works and ye have your works; and we are sincerely His
George Sale1734 Say, will ye dispute with us concernig God, who is our Lord, and your Lord? We have our works, and ye have your works, and unto him are we sincerely devoted
Easy-read (simplified)tilka ummatun qad khalat lahaa maa kasabat walakum maa kasabtum walaa tus'aloona 'ammaa kaanoo ya'maloon
DIN 31635tilka ʾummatun qad ḫalat lahā mā kasabat walakum mā kasabtum walā tusʾalūna ʿammā kānū yaʿmalūna
Talal Itani2012 That was a community that has passed. To them is what they have earned, and to you is what you have earned. And you will not be questioned about what they used to do.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 Those are a people who have passed away; theirs is that which they earned and yours that which ye earn. And ye will not be asked of what they used to do
Edward Henry Palmer1880 That is a nation that has passed away; theirs is what they gained, and yours shall be what ye have gained; ye shall not be questioned as to that which they have done
John Medows Rodwell1861 That people have now passed away: they have the reward of their deeds, and for you is the meed of yours; but of their doings ye shall not be questioned
George Sale1734 That people are passed away, they have what they have gained, and ye shall have what ye gain, nor shall ye be questioned concerning that which they have done
Easy-read (simplified)sayaqoolu s-sufahaa'u mina n-naasi maa wallaahum 'an qiblatihimu llatee kaanoo 'alayhaa qul lillaahi l-mashriqu wal-maghribu yahdee man yashaa'u ilaa siraatin mustaqeem
DIN 31635sayaqūlu s-sufahāʾu mina n-nāsi mā wallāhum ʿan qiblatihimu llatī kānū ʿalayhā qul lillāhi l-mašriqu wal-maġribu yahdī man yašāʾu ʾilā ṣirāṭin mustaqīmin
Talal Itani2012 The ignorant among the people will say, "What has turned them away from the direction of prayer they once followed?" Say, "To God belong the East and the West. He guides whom He wills to a straight path."
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 The foolish of the people will say: What hath turned them from the qiblah which they formerly observed? Say: Unto Allah belong the East and the West. He guideth whom He will unto a straight path
Edward Henry Palmer1880 The fools among men will say, 'What has turned them from their qiblah, on which they were agreed?' Say, 'God's is the east and the west, He guides whom He will unto the right path
John Medows Rodwell1861 The foolish ones will say, "What hath turned them from the kebla which they used?" SAY: The East and the West are God's. He guideth whom he will into the right path
George Sale1734 The foolish men will say, what hath turned them from their Keblah, towards which they formerly prayed? Say, unto God belongeth the east and the west: He directeth whom he pleaseth into the right way
These figures count the words the translations share. They measure wording, not meaning, and they do not say which translation is right.
Derived measure: mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the
lowercased word sets of the 5 renderings above —
0.46 on a scale
where 0 means identical wording and 1 means no shared words. It is
computed, not judged.
The page says a verse is worded differently only above the cut below. The cut is a stated convention, not a property of the text, and it can be changed.
The cut
0.644
Share of measured verses above it
33%
Verses above it
2,079
Verses measured
6,236
Talal Itani · John Medows Rodwell0.60
Talal Itani · George Sale0.57
Edward Henry Palmer · John Medows Rodwell0.50
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · John Medows Rodwell0.47
Talal Itani · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall0.44
Edward Henry Palmer · George Sale0.43
Talal Itani · Edward Henry Palmer0.41
Edward Henry Palmer · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall0.40
John Medows Rodwell · George Sale0.36
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · George Sale0.36
One bar per pair of renderings, longest bar for the pair
sharing fewest words. Every pair is shown; none is singled out.
Method Wording differences — derived 13 September 2026
Method
Mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the lowercased word sets of the cleared translations of each verse. A verse is marked as worded differently when its score falls in the top third of the corpus — the cut set out in Analysis details.
As at
13 September 2026, 10:56 UTC
Gate
verify/divergence_gate.py re-derives and fails on drift
The platform does not say which is right, and does not
characterise what the difference means. The renderings are placed
together so the difference is visible; reading it is the reader's work.
7 sources
stand behind this page. Each is listed once, in the order the page first
cites it, with the licence it was cleared under and what was actually read.
Nothing on this page rests on a source that is not here.
Source Tanzil Qur'an text (Uthmani) · Uthmani, Version 1.1
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.
CLEARED. Licence read verbatim from the block embedded in this very file. Ingested exactly as shipped: no normalisation, no stripping of marks, no Unicode recomposition.
Parsed structurally from the EPUB: an h3 names the surah, one p per verse with its number in its own span. An unnumbered p is the basmala and is not a verse, except in surah 1 where the basmala IS verse 1. 112 unnumbered paragraphs were found, which is 114 surahs less surah 1 and surah 9. Text is stored VERBATIM: NFC normalisation and XML entity unescaping only, because CC BY-ND forbids modification.
CLEARED on a licence read first-hand from the translator's own download page, not from an aggregator. Tanzil also hosts this translation, but under a blanket "non-commercial purposes only" term that directs the user to the translator or publisher for permission - a hosting disclaimer, not a grant - so the grant was taken from the licensor directly. The "God" edition was ingested; ClearQuran also publishes an "Allah" edition, differing in how the divine name is rendered, which is not ingested.
CLEARED ON THE WORK, WITH TWO RECORDED CAVEATS ON THIS COPY. (1) Rights basis is the expired copyright term, NOT the redistributing repository's licence. That repository dedicates its contents to the public domain under the Unlicense while also redistributing plainly in-copyright translations (Abdel Haleem, Saheeh International, The Study Quran), so it is dedicating rights it cannot hold and its blanket grant is not relied upon here. (2) The file declares its own upstream as tanzil.net, and Tanzil attaches a non-commercial condition to its TRANSLATION distributions, though not to its Qur'anic text. Since Pickthall's copyright has expired, nobody holds rights in these words and no licence is required from anyone; Tanzil's terms are a contract binding those who download from Tanzil, which we did not. The chain is nonetheless not spotless and Anwar may prefer a clean digitisation of the 1930 printing. NOT VERIFIED: that this digital text matches the 1930 first printing rather than a later revised edition. No page images were collated. Recorded as unverified rather than presented as established. SERVED TEXT DIFFERS FROM THE CITED FILE AT ONE VERSE, 37:97: the file reads "red-hotfire" (a glued token, also in Gutenberg #16955); the served row reads "red-hot fire", restored 2026-09-13 from Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran (London: George Allen & Unwin, printed for Alfred A. Knopf; 1930), p. 460, XXXVII 97 - scan archive.org in.ernet.dli.2015.216140, PDF page 475; banked data/derivation-sources/pickthall-1930-dli-2015.216140-text.pdf (sha256 70e81146c97fa3a590243a82e04e349108546074787e2551a78c616202138870) on Anwar Malik's grant.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is not stated by the redistributor and the printing is unverified. No statement of purpose is recorded for Palmer because none was sourced from his own preface in this pass; nothing is asserted on his behalf.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. TWO edition caveats. (1) The upstream is not stated by the redistributor. (2) Rodwell's own edition PRESENTS THE SURAHS IN HIS OWN CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER, not the mushaf order — he says so in his preface. This digital text is keyed to mushaf order, so it derives from a restored-order printing (such as the Everyman edition) rather than from Rodwell's own arrangement. Which printing is not stated and has not been established.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is NOT STATED by the redistributor, so the printing it represents is unverified; Sale's text was reprinted and re-edited many times between 1734 and 1900. Recorded as unverified rather than assumed to be the first edition.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.
CLEARED. Parallel edition, held in ayah_text_variants. It sits alongside the Uthmani spine for search normalisation and is never used to correct it.