Marked words appear in this translation and in no other English translation of this verse. Common small words and older spellings are not marked. The marks show where the wording differs, not where the meaning does.
Talal Itani· published 2012
And wherever you come from, turn your face towards the Sacred Mosque. And wherever you may be, turn your faces towards it. So that the people may not have any argument against you-except those who do wrong among them. So do not fear them, but fear Me, that I may complete My blessings upon you, and that you may be guided.
Translation Talal Itani, ClearQuran·Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1875–1936 · published 1930
Whencesoever thou comest forth turn thy face toward the Inviolable Place of Worship; and wheresoever ye may be (OMuslims) turn your faces toward it (when ye pray) so that men may have no argument against you, save such of them as do injustice - Fear them not, but fear Me! - and so that I may complete My grace upon you, and that ye may be guided
Sources
Translation Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran·Public domain — copyright term expired
Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran·1930 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work
·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026
Edward Henry Palmer1840–1882 · published 1880
And from whencesoever thou comest forth, there turn thy face towards the Sacred Mosque, and wheresoever ye are, turn your faces towards it, that men may have no argument against you, save only those of them who are unjust; and fear them not, but fear me and I will fulfil my favours to you, perchance ye may be guided yet
Sources
Translation Edward Henry Palmer, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
And from whatever place thou comest forth, turn thy face toward the sacred Mosque; and wherever ye be, to that part turn your faces, lest men have cause of dispute against you: but as for the impious among them, fear them not; but fear me, that I may perfect my favours on you, and that ye may be guided aright
Sources
Translation John Medows Rodwell, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
From what place soever thou comest forth, turn thy face towards the holytemple; and wherever ye be, thitherward turn your faces, lest men have matter of dispute against you; but as for those among them who are unjust doers, fear them not, but fear me, that I may accomplish my grace upon you, and that ye may be directed
Sources
Translation George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an·1734 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work
·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026
Other languages (18)Shqip · Albanian
Ngado që të shkosh, ktheje fytyrën tënde drejt Xhamisë së Shenjtë, madje kudo që gjendeni ktheni fytyrat tuaja në atë drejtim, në mënyrë që njerëzit të mos kenë dëshmi kundër jush, përveç të padrejtëve nga radhët e tyre, ama ju mos kini frikë prej tyre, por frikësohuni prej Meje, si dhe (këtë e bëra) që të plotësoj dhuntinë Time ndaj jush dhe që të përudheni në rrugën e drejtë.
Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5
বাংলা · Bengali
আর যেখান থেকেই তুমি যাত্রা কর
না কেন, সেখান থেকেই মসজিদুল হারামের দিকে তোমার চেহারা ফিরাও এবং তোমরা যেখানেই থাকো না কেন এর দিকে তোমাদের চেহারা ফিরাও; যাতে তাদের মধ্যে যালিম ছাড়া অন্যরা তোমাদের বিরুদ্ধে কোনো প্রমাণ দাঁড় করাতে না পারে। কাজেই তোমরা তাদেরকে ভয় করো না এবং আমাকেই ভয় করো। আর যাতে(৬) আমি তোমাদের উপর আমার নি‘আমত পরিপূর্ণ করে দিতে পারি এবং যাতে তোমরা হিদায়াত লাভ করতে পারো।
Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Dawah Association in Rabwah, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.2
Bosanski · Bosnian
I iz svakog mjesta u koje dođeš, ti lice svoje prema Časnoj džamiji okreni; i gdje god se nalazili, vi lica svoja prema njoj okrećite, da vam ljudi ne bi imali šta prigovoriti, izuzev onih između njih koji zulum čine. Njih se ne bojte, nego se Mene bojte, da bih blagodat Svoju prema vama upotpunio i da biste na Pravom putu bili.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 2.0.4
Hrvatski · Croatian
I iz svakog mjesta u koje dođeš, ti lice svoje prema Časnoj džamiji okreni!; i gdje god se nalazili, vi lica svoja prema njoj okrećite, da vam ljudi ne bi imali šta prigovoriti, izuzev onih između njih koji nepravdu čine. Njih se ne bojte, nego se Mene bojte, da bih blagodat Svoju prema vama upotpunio i da biste na Pravom putu bili.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1
Fulfulde · Fulani
Nokku kala ka (ɗo) yaltir-ɗaa, feewtinir yeeso maa ngon baŋŋe Suudu Hormorteendu ndun, nokku kala ka ngonɗon, fewtiniree geece (jeece) mon ɗen baŋŋe mayru fii wata wonan yimɓe ɓen hujja e hoore mo'on - so wanaa ɓen tooñuɓe he maɓɓe. Wata non on huluɓe, Hulee Lam, fii no mi timminira neema am On (oo) e mo'on, mbele joo on feeway.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
ქართული · Georgian
და საიდანაც არ უნდა გახვიდე, ლოცვის დროს შენი სახე მიაქციე აკრძალული მეჩეთისკენ (ქა'ბასკენ)[1]. და სადაც არ უნდა იყოთ, თქვენი სახეები მისკენ მიაქციეთ, რათა ადამიანებს (რომლებიც წინააღმდეგნი არიან იმისა, რომ თქვენი ყიბლა ქააბა იყოს) თქვენ წინააღმდეგ არგუმენტი არ ჰქონდეთ, გარდა მათგან უსამართლოთა. ამიტომ ნუ შეგეშინდებათ მათი, არამედ გეშინოდეთ (მხოლოდ) ჩემი (ალლაჰის), რათა მე დავასრულო ჩემი წყალობა თქვენზე, რათა თქვენ იყოთ (ჭეშმარიტ) გზაზე.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.7
Deutsch · German
Und wo du auch immer heraustrittst, so wende dein Gesicht in Richtung der geschützten Gebetsstätte. Und wo immer ihr seid, so wendet eure Gesichter in ihrer Richtung, damit die Menschen kein Beweismittel gegen euch haben, außer denjenigen von ihnen, die Unrecht tun. So fürchtet nicht sie, sondern fürchtet Mich! Und damit Ich Meine Gunst an euch vollende, auf dass ihr rechtgeleitet werden möget.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.15
Ελληνικά · Greek
Έτσι, από όπου κι αν βγαίνεις (για προσευχή, ω, Μωχάμμαντ) στρέψε το πρόσωπό σου προς το Αλ-Μάστζιντ Αλ-Χαράμ (τον Ιερό Οίκο στη Μάκκα). Και όπου κι αν είστε (ω, πιστοί), στρέψτε τα πρόσωπά σας προς αυτό, ώστε οι άνθρωποι να μην έχουν κανένα επιχείρημα ενάντιά σας, εκτός από τους άδικους ανάμεσά τους. Έτσι να μην τους φοβάστε, μα Εμένα να φοβάστε. Και (πράγματι, η Μάκκα έχει οριστεί για σας ως Κίμπλα -κατεύθυνση της προσευχής-) ώστε να ολοκληρώσω τη χάρη Μου σε εσάς (με μια διαφορετική Κίμπλα από τα άλλα έθνη), και ώστε να καθοδηγηθείτε (προς την καλύτερη Κίμπλα).
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
हिन्दी · Hindi
और आप जहाँ से भी निकलें, अपना चेहरा मस्जिदे-ह़राम की ओर फेर लें। और (ऐ मुसलमानों!) तुम जहाँ भी हो, अपने चेहरे उसी की ओर फेर लो। ताकि लोगों के पास तुम्हारे विरुद्ध कोई हुज्जत (तर्क) न रहे, सिवाय उनके जिन्होंने उनमें से अत्याचार किया। अतः उनसे मत डरो, (बल्कि) मुझसे डरो, और ताकि मैं अपनी नेमत तुमपर पूरी करूँ और ताकि तुम मार्गदर्शन पाओ।
Translated by Azizul Haq Al-Omari
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.5
Italiano · Italian
E da qualunque luogo esci, gira il tuo volto verso Al-Masjid Al – Ħaram[17], e ovunque vi troviate, girate il vostro volto nella sua direzione, così che gli uomini non possano avere una prova contro di voi, tranne i perversi tra loro; non temeteli, ma temete Me, così farò discendere la Mia grazia su di voi affinché siate sulla Retta Via.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
Lietuvių · Lithuanian
150. Ir kur tik imatės (maldų), gręžkite savo veidus į Al-Masdžid-Al-Haram pusę (Mekkoje), ir kur tik jūs esate, gręžkite savo veidus link jos (kai meldžiatės), kad žmonės neturėtų prieš jus jokių įrodymų, išskyrus tuos, kurie yra nusidėjėliai. Taigi nebijokite jų, bet bijokite Manęs! Ir tam, kad Aš užbaigčiau Savo Malones jums, ir tam, kad jūs būtumėte teisingai vedami.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.8
Afaan Oromoo · Oromo
Iddoma (imalaaf) baate kamirraayyuu irraa (yeroo salaattu) fuula kee gara Masjiidal Haraam gara galchi, Eessattillee yoo taatan fuulleen keessan gara isaa gara galchaa, akka namootaaf ragaan isin irratti hin jiraanneef,isaan irraa warra miidhaa hojjatan malee, isaan hin sodaatinaa Anuma qofa sodaadhaa. akka qananii kiyya isinirratti guutuuf, isin (gara haqaa) akka qajeeltaniif. [55]
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.0
Русский · Russian
И откуда бы ты ни вышел, обращай своё лицо в сторону Заповедной Мечети. И где бы вы ни были, обращайте свои лица в её сторону, чтобы не было у людей довода против вас, кроме тех из них, которые поступают несправедливо. Так не бойтесь же их, а бойтесь Меня. [Я установил это], чтобы завершить вам Своё благодеяние, — быть может, вы последуете верным путём.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1
Српски · Serbian
И из сваког места у које дођеш, ти своје лице према Часном храму окрени!; И где год се налазили, ви своја лица према њему окрећите, да људи не би имали шта да вам приговоре, осим оних међу њима који су неправедни. Њих се не бојте, него се Мене бојте, да бих благодат Своју према вама употпунио и да бисте били на Правом путу.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4
Kiswahili · Swahili
Na kokote uendako, uelekeze uso wako kwenye Msikiti Mtakatifu. Na popote mlipo, zielekezeni nyuso zenu upande wake, ili watu wasiwe na hoja juu yenu; isipokuwa wale waliodhulumu miongoni mwao. Basi, msiwaogope wao, lakini niogopeni Mimi. Na ili niwatimizie neema yangu, na ili mpate kuongoka.
Issued by the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5
Svenska · Swedish
Vart du än beger dig ska du vända ditt ansikte mot den heliga moskén. Ja, var ni än befinner er ska ni vända era ansikten mot den. Då kan inga människor föra fram argument mot er, undantaget de bland de som begår orätt. Men frukta inte dem, utan frukta mig! Därigenom fullbordar jag min välsignelse över er, så att ni kan bli vägledda.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
Türkçe · Turkish
(Ey Rasûlüm!) Nereden yola çıkarsan çık, (namazda) yüzünü Mescid-i Haram yönüne çevir. Siz de nerede olursanız olun, yüzünüzü o yöne doğru çeviriniz ki; zalim olanları müstesna, insanların aleyhinizde bir delili bulunmasın. Onlardan korkmayın, sadece benden korkun. Böylece size olan nimetimi tamamlayayım da belki doğru yolu bulursunuz.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4
اردو · Urdu
اور جس جگہ سے آپ نکلیں اپنا منھ مسجد حرام کی طرف پھیر لیں اور جہاں کہیں تم ہو اپنے چہرے اسی طرف کیا کرو[1] تاکہ لوگوں کی کوئی حجت تم پر باقی نہ ره جائے[2] سوائے ان لوگوں کے جنہوں نے ان میں سے ﻇلم کیا ہے[3] تم ان سے نہ ڈرو[4] مجھ ہی سے ڈرو اور تاکہ میں اپنی نعمت تم پر پوری کروں اور اس لئے بھی کہ تم راه راست پاؤ۔
Translated by Muhammad Ibrahim Junagarhi, developed under the supervision of the Rowwad Translation Center. The original translation is available for the purpose of expressing opinion, evaluation, and continuous development.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.3
About these translations
5 cleared translations, newest first, by year of publication, so the modern English comes before the historical ones. That is an ordering by date, not a judgement. Each is shown complete — this platform never excerpts a translation — and each renders under its translator's name. No translation here is marked as the correct one.
Which translations appear here is set by copyright: they are the ones whose rights could be documented and cleared. The selection is not a judgement that these are the best.
About easy-read
Easy-read
Easy-read is a simplified pronunciation,
not authoritative — a rule-by-rule romanisation, not a reading.
Each verse ends in its pause form, as it is said when you stop there. Pauses inside a verse and other tajwid rules are not shown. It is derived from the Tanzil
Simple edition, while the Arabic above is the
Uthmani edition; both are cleared, but they are not the
same edition and their orthography differs.
Easy-read (simplified)walikullin wijhatun huwa muwalleehaa fastabiqoo l-khayraati ayna maa takoonoo ya'ti bikumu llaahu jamee'an inna llaaha 'alaa kulli shay'in qadeer
DIN 31635walikullin wiǧhatun huwa muwallīhā fastabiqū l-ḫayrāti ʾayna mā takūnū yaʾti bikumu llāhu ǧamīʿan ʾinna llāha ʿalā kulli šayʾin qadīrun
The translators word this verse differently
Talal Itani2012 To every community is a direction towards which it turns. Therefore, race towards goodness. Wherever you may be, God will bring you all together. God is capable of everything.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 And each one hath a goal toward which he turneth; so vie with one another in good works. Wheresoever ye may be, Allah will bring you all together. Lo! Allah is Able to do all things
Edward Henry Palmer1880 Every sect has some one side to which they turn (in prayer); but do ye hasten onwards to good works; wherever ye are God will bring you all together; verily, God is mighty over all
John Medows Rodwell1861 All have a quarter of the Heavens to which they turn them; but wherever ye be, hasten emulously after good: God will one day bring you all together; verily, God is all-powerful
George Sale1734 Every sect hath a certain tract of heaven to which they turn themselves in prayer; but for ye strive to run after good things: Wherever ye be, God will bring you all back at the resurrection, for God is almighty
DIN 31635wamin ḥayṯu ḫaraǧta fawalli waǧhaka šaṭra l-masǧidi l-ḥarāmi waʾinnahu lalḥaqqu min rabbika wamā llāhu biġāfilin ʿammā taʿmalūna
Talal Itani2012 And wherever you come from, turn your face towards the Sacred Mosque. This is the truth from your Lord, and God is not heedless of what you do.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 And whencesoever thou comest forth (for prayer, O Muhammad) turn thy face toward the Inviolable Place of Worship. Lo! it is the Truth from thy Lord. Allah is not unaware of what ye do
Edward Henry Palmer1880 From whencesoever thou comest forth, there turn thy face towards the Sacred Mosque, for it is surely truth from thy Lord; God is not careless about what ye do
John Medows Rodwell1861 And from whatever place thou comest forth, turn thy face toward the sacred Mosque; for this is the truth from thy Lord; and God is not inattentive to your doings
George Sale1734 And from what place soever thou comest forth, turn thy face towards the holy temple; for this is truth from thy Lord; neither is God regardless of that which ye do
Talal Itani2012 Just as We sent to you a messenger from among you, who recites Our revelations to you, and purifies you, and teaches you the Book and wisdom, and teaches you what you did not know.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 Even as We have sent unto you a messenger from among you, who reciteth unto you Our revelations and causeth you to grow, and teacheth you the Scripture and wisdom, and teacheth you that which ye knew not
Edward Henry Palmer1880 Thus have we sent amongst you an apostle of yourselves, to recite to you our signs, to purify you and teach you the Book and wisdom, and to teach you what ye did not know
John Medows Rodwell1861 And we sent to you an apostle from among yourselves to rehearse our signs unto you, and to purify you, and to instruct you in "the Book," and in the wisdom, and to teach you that which ye knew not
George Sale1734 As we have sent unto you an apostle from among you, to rehearse our signs unto you, and to purify you, and to teach you the book of the Koran and wisdom, and to teach you that which ye knew not
These figures count the words the translations share. They measure wording, not meaning, and they do not say which translation is right.
Derived measure: mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the
lowercased word sets of the 5 renderings above —
0.54 on a scale
where 0 means identical wording and 1 means no shared words. It is
computed, not judged.
The page says a verse is worded differently only above the cut below. The cut is a stated convention, not a property of the text, and it can be changed.
The cut
0.644
Share of measured verses above it
33%
Verses above it
2,079
Verses measured
6,236
Talal Itani · John Medows Rodwell0.60
Talal Itani · George Sale0.59
Talal Itani · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall0.59
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · George Sale0.57
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · John Medows Rodwell0.55
Talal Itani · Edward Henry Palmer0.54
Edward Henry Palmer · George Sale0.52
Edward Henry Palmer · John Medows Rodwell0.50
Edward Henry Palmer · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall0.49
John Medows Rodwell · George Sale0.46
One bar per pair of renderings, longest bar for the pair
sharing fewest words. Every pair is shown; none is singled out.
Method Wording differences — derived 13 September 2026
Method
Mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the lowercased word sets of the cleared translations of each verse. A verse is marked as worded differently when its score falls in the top third of the corpus — the cut set out in Analysis details.
As at
13 September 2026, 10:56 UTC
Gate
verify/divergence_gate.py re-derives and fails on drift
The platform does not say which is right, and does not
characterise what the difference means. The renderings are placed
together so the difference is visible; reading it is the reader's work.
7 sources
stand behind this page. Each is listed once, in the order the page first
cites it, with the licence it was cleared under and what was actually read.
Nothing on this page rests on a source that is not here.
Source Tanzil Qur'an text (Uthmani) · Uthmani, Version 1.1
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.
CLEARED. Licence read verbatim from the block embedded in this very file. Ingested exactly as shipped: no normalisation, no stripping of marks, no Unicode recomposition.
Parsed structurally from the EPUB: an h3 names the surah, one p per verse with its number in its own span. An unnumbered p is the basmala and is not a verse, except in surah 1 where the basmala IS verse 1. 112 unnumbered paragraphs were found, which is 114 surahs less surah 1 and surah 9. Text is stored VERBATIM: NFC normalisation and XML entity unescaping only, because CC BY-ND forbids modification.
CLEARED on a licence read first-hand from the translator's own download page, not from an aggregator. Tanzil also hosts this translation, but under a blanket "non-commercial purposes only" term that directs the user to the translator or publisher for permission - a hosting disclaimer, not a grant - so the grant was taken from the licensor directly. The "God" edition was ingested; ClearQuran also publishes an "Allah" edition, differing in how the divine name is rendered, which is not ingested.
CLEARED ON THE WORK, WITH TWO RECORDED CAVEATS ON THIS COPY. (1) Rights basis is the expired copyright term, NOT the redistributing repository's licence. That repository dedicates its contents to the public domain under the Unlicense while also redistributing plainly in-copyright translations (Abdel Haleem, Saheeh International, The Study Quran), so it is dedicating rights it cannot hold and its blanket grant is not relied upon here. (2) The file declares its own upstream as tanzil.net, and Tanzil attaches a non-commercial condition to its TRANSLATION distributions, though not to its Qur'anic text. Since Pickthall's copyright has expired, nobody holds rights in these words and no licence is required from anyone; Tanzil's terms are a contract binding those who download from Tanzil, which we did not. The chain is nonetheless not spotless and Anwar may prefer a clean digitisation of the 1930 printing. NOT VERIFIED: that this digital text matches the 1930 first printing rather than a later revised edition. No page images were collated. Recorded as unverified rather than presented as established. SERVED TEXT DIFFERS FROM THE CITED FILE AT ONE VERSE, 37:97: the file reads "red-hotfire" (a glued token, also in Gutenberg #16955); the served row reads "red-hot fire", restored 2026-09-13 from Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran (London: George Allen & Unwin, printed for Alfred A. Knopf; 1930), p. 460, XXXVII 97 - scan archive.org in.ernet.dli.2015.216140, PDF page 475; banked data/derivation-sources/pickthall-1930-dli-2015.216140-text.pdf (sha256 70e81146c97fa3a590243a82e04e349108546074787e2551a78c616202138870) on Anwar Malik's grant.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is not stated by the redistributor and the printing is unverified. No statement of purpose is recorded for Palmer because none was sourced from his own preface in this pass; nothing is asserted on his behalf.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. TWO edition caveats. (1) The upstream is not stated by the redistributor. (2) Rodwell's own edition PRESENTS THE SURAHS IN HIS OWN CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER, not the mushaf order — he says so in his preface. This digital text is keyed to mushaf order, so it derives from a restored-order printing (such as the Everyman edition) rather than from Rodwell's own arrangement. Which printing is not stated and has not been established.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is NOT STATED by the redistributor, so the printing it represents is unverified; Sale's text was reprinted and re-edited many times between 1734 and 1900. Recorded as unverified rather than assumed to be the first edition.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.
CLEARED. Parallel edition, held in ayah_text_variants. It sits alongside the Uthmani spine for search normalisation and is never used to correct it.