Marked words appear in this translation and in no other English translation of this verse. Common small words and older spellings are not marked. The marks show where the wording differs, not where the meaning does.
For a specified number of days. But whoever among you is sick, or on a journey, then a number of other days. For those who are able: a ransom of feeding a needyperson. But whoever volunteersgoodness, it is better for him. But to fast is best for you, if you only knew.
Translation Talal Itani, ClearQuran·Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1875–1936 · published 1930
(Fast) a certain number of days; and (for) him who is sick among you, or on a journey, (the same) number of other days; and for those who can afford it there is a ransom: the feeding of a man in need - but whoso doeth good of his own accord, it is better for him: and that ye fast is better for you if ye did but know
Sources
Translation Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran·Public domain — copyright term expired
Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran·1930 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work
·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026
Edward Henry Palmer1840–1882 · published 1880
A certain number of days, but he amongst you who is ill or on a journey, then (let him fast) another number of days. And those who are fit to fast may redeem it by feeding a poor man; but he who follows an impulse to a good work it is better for him; and if ye fast it is better for you, if ye did but know
Sources
Translation Edward Henry Palmer, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
For certain days. But he among you who shall be sick, or on a journey, shall fast that same number of other days: and as for those who are able to keep it and yet break it, the expiation of this shall be the maintenance of a poor man. And he who of his own accord performeth a good work, shall derive good from it: and good shall it be for you to fast if ye knew it
Sources
Translation John Medows Rodwell, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
A certain number of days shall ye fast: But he among you who shall be sick, or on a journey, shall fast an equal number of other days. And those who can keep it, and do not, must redeem their neglect by maintaining of a poor man. And he who voluntarilydealeth better with the poor man than he is obliged, this shall be better for him. But if ye fast it will be better for you, if ye knew it
Sources
Translation George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an·1734 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work
·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026
Other languages (18)Shqip · Albanian
Një numër i caktuar ditësh. Por, nëse ndokush nga ju është i sëmurë a në udhëtim, atëherë le t'i shlyejë ato (duke agjëruar) në ditë të tjera. Ata që kanë mundësi të agjërojnë, duhet të shpaguajnë (për mosagjërim) duke ushqyer një të varfër. Kush bën mirë vullnetarisht, e ka për të mirën e vet, por të agjëroni është më mirë për ju, veç sikur ta dinit.
Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5
বাংলা · Bengali
এগুলো (ফরজ সাওম) নির্দিষ্ট কয়েক দিনের জন্যে। অতঃপর তোমাদের মধ্যে কেউ রোগাক্রান্ত(২১) হলে বা সফরে(২২) থাকলে, সে অন্য দিনগুলোতে এ সংখ্যা পূরণ করে নিবে। আর যাদের জন্য সিয়াম পালন অতি কষ্টসাধ্য(২৩) হয়, তাদের কর্তব্য হলো এর পরিবর্তে ফিদ্ইয়া হিসেবে একজন মিসকীনকে খাদ্য দান করবে। যদি কেউ স্বেচ্ছায় সৎকাজ করে তবে তা তার জন্য কল্যাণকর। আর সিয়াম পালন করাই তোমাদের জন্য অধিকতর কল্যাণকর যদি তোমরা জানতে।
Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Dawah Association in Rabwah, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.2
Bosanski · Bosnian
određen broj dana; a onome od vas koji je bolestan ili na putu bude, toliko drugih dana. Onima koji ga teško podnose, otkup je da siromaha nahrane. A ko drage volje da više, za njega je bolje. A bolje vam je da postite, neka znate.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 2.0.4
Hrvatski · Croatian
određen broj dana; a onome od vas koji je bolestan ili na putu bude, toliko drugih dana. Onima koji ga teško podnose, otkup je da siromaha nahrane. A tko drage volje da više, za njega je bolje. A bolje vam je da postite, da znate.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1
Fulfulde · Fulani
Ñalɗi limtaaɗi. Kala e mo'on (mooɗon) laatiiɗo dafaaɗo maa e hoore-jahal: ko limtugol ñalɗi goo. No fawii ɓen haɗtanɓe ka, ñammingol ɓiliiɗo. Kala on gattuɗo moƴƴere ɗum no moƴƴani mo. Ko nde hooroton ɓuri moƴƴannde on, si wonii hiɗon nganndi.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
ქართული · Georgian
(იმარხულეთ) დათვლილ დღეებში. ხოლო ვინც თქვენგან ავად არის ან მგზავრობაშია [და ამიტომ მარხვის დაცვა არ შეუძლია], მან გამოტოვებული დღეების რაოდენობის შესაბამისად სხვა დღეებში იმარხულოს. ხოლო მათ, ვისაც მარხვის დაცვა შეუძლიათ, მაგრამ არ მარხულობენ (მაგალითად, სიბერის ან განუკურნებელი დაავადების გამო), ეკისრებათ გამოსასყიდი — ყოველი გამოტოვებული დღის სანაცვლოდ ერთი ღარიბის გამოკვება. ვინც საკუთარი ნებით მეტ კეთილ საქმეს გააკეთებს [ანუ სავალდებულო მარხვის გარდა დამატებითაც იმარხულებს ან ერთზე მეტ ღარიბს გამოკვებავს], ეს მისთვის უკეთესია. მარხვა თქვენთვის უკეთესია (ვიდრე გამოსასყიდის მიცემა), თქვენ რომ იცოდეთ (მარხვის უპირატესობა ალლაჰის წინაშე).
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.7
Deutsch · German
(Das Fasten ist euch vorgeschrieben) an bestimmten Tagen. Wer aber von euch krank ist oder sich auf einer Reise befindet, der soll eine (gleiche) Anzahl von anderen Tagen (fasten). Und denjenigen, die es aber zu leisten vermögen, ist als Ersatz die Speisung eines Bedürftigen auferlegt. Wer aber freiwillig Gutes tut, so ist es besser für ihn. Und dass ihr fastet, ist besser für euch, wenn ihr (es) nur wisst!
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.15
Ελληνικά · Greek
(Η υποχρεωτική νηστεία είναι για) καταμετρημένες μέρες (δηλαδή όλο τον μήνα του Ραμαντάν -Ραμαζανιού-). Έτσι, όποιος από εσάς είναι ασθενής ή ταξιδεύει, τότε (μπορεί να μην νηστέψει, αλλά) τον ίδιο αριθμό (ημερών που έχασε θα πρέπει να τον αναπληρώσει) με άλλες μέρες. Και γι’ αυτούς που μπορούν να νηστέψουν αλλά με μεγάλη δυσκολία (όπως οι ηλικιωμένοι και οι μόνιμα άρρωστοι, μπορούν να μην νηστέψουν αλλά) ας ταΐσουν έναν φτωχό (για κάθε μέρα που έχασαν). Και όποιος έκανε καλό εθελοντικά (όπως με το να ταΐσει εθελοντικά παραπάνω από έναν φτωχό), είναι καλύτερο γ’ αυτόν. Μα το να νηστεύετε είναι καλύτερο για σας, αν το γνωρίζατε.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
हिन्दी · Hindi
गिने हुए चंद दिनों में। फिर तुममें से जो बीमार हो, अथवा किसी यात्रा पर हो, तो दूसरे दिनों से गिनती पूरी करना है। और जो लोग इसकी शक्ति रखते हों (परंतु रोज़ा न रखें), उनपर फ़िदया एक निर्धन का खाना है।[101] फिर जो व्यक्ति स्वेच्छा से नेकी करे, तो वह उसके लिए बेहतर है। और तुम्हारा रोज़ा रखना तुम्हारे लिए बेहतर है, यदि तुम जानते हो।
Translated by Azizul Haq Al-Omari
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.5
Italiano · Italian
Si tratta di giorni stabiliti: chi tra voi è malato o in viaggio, digiuni in seguito per altrettanti giorni. E quelli che non possono devono pagare un giusto equivalente dando da mangiare a un povero. E chi più lo nutre, meglio è per lui; ma è meglio per voi il digiuno, se sapeste!
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
Lietuvių · Lithuanian
184. [Saum (pasninkavimo) laikymasis yra] nustatytą dienų skaičių. Tačiau jei kuris iš jūsų serga arba yra kelionėje, - tas pats skaičius (turėtų būti kompensuotas) iš kitų dienų. O tie, kurie gali pasninkauti apsunkintai (pavyzdžiui, seni žmonės), jie turi (pasirinkimą – pasninkauti arba) pamaitinti Miskin (vargingąjį) (už kiekvieną dieną). Tačiau bet kuriam, darančiam gera savo noru, - jam bus geriau. Ir pasninkavimas – geriau tau, jei tik žinotum. [17]
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.0
Русский · Russian
[Пост —] считанное число дней. А кто из вас болен или в пути, то — столько же других дней. А тем, которые способны поститься лишь с трудом, следует искупление — накормить бедняка. Если же кто добровольно совершит больше благого, то это лучше для него. Но поститься — лучше для вас, если бы вы только знали.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1
Српски · Serbian
Одређен број дана; а ономе од вас који је болестан или на путу буде, да напости толико других дана. Онима који га тешко подносе, откуп је да сиромашног нахране. А ко драге воље удели више, за њега је боље. А боље вам је да постите, кад бисте само знали.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4
Kiswahili · Swahili
(Mfunge) siku zenye kuhesabika. Na atakayekuwa miongoni mwenu mgonjwa au yumo safarini, basi atimize hesabu katika siku nyingine. Na wale wasioweza, watoe fidia kwa kumlisha masikini. Na atakayefanya wema kwa kujitolea, basi ni bora kwake. Na mkifunga saumu, ndiyo bora kwenu, ikiwa mnajua.
Issued by the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5
Svenska · Swedish
[Ni ska endast fasta] ett begränsat antal dagar. Men den av er som är sjuk eller resande [kan bryta fastan och ta igen den] under motsvarande antal dagar. Och de som kan [fasta, men med stor möda,] kan kompensera för det genom att ge mat till en behövande. Men om någon självmant gör gott är det bättre för honom. Att fasta är dock bäst för er, om ni bara visste.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
Türkçe · Turkish
Oruç, sayılı günlerdir. İçinizden hasta veya yolcu olanlar, tutamadığı günlerin sayısınca diğer günlerde tutsun. Oruca dayanamayanlar ise, bir yoksul doyuracak kadar fidye versin. Kim gönülden bir iyilik yaparsa, o iyiliği kendine yapmıştır. Şunu bilin ki; oruç tutmanız sizin için daha hayırlıdır.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4
اردو · Urdu
گنتی کے چند ہی دن ہیں لیکن تم میں سے جو شخص بیمار ہو یا سفر میں ہو تو وه اور دنوں میں گنتی کو پورا[1] کر لے اور اس کی طاقت رکھنے والے[2] فدیہ میں ایک مسکین کو کھانا دیں، پھر جو شخص نیکی میں سبقت کرے وه اسی کے لئے بہتر ہے[3] لیکن تمہارے حق میں بہتر کام روزے رکھنا ہی ہے، اگر تم باعلم ہو۔
Translated by Muhammad Ibrahim Junagarhi, developed under the supervision of the Rowwad Translation Center. The original translation is available for the purpose of expressing opinion, evaluation, and continuous development.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.3
About these translations
5 cleared translations, newest first, by year of publication, so the modern English comes before the historical ones. That is an ordering by date, not a judgement. Each is shown complete — this platform never excerpts a translation — and each renders under its translator's name. No translation here is marked as the correct one.
Which translations appear here is set by copyright: they are the ones whose rights could be documented and cleared. The selection is not a judgement that these are the best.
About easy-read
Easy-read
Easy-read is a simplified pronunciation,
not authoritative — a rule-by-rule romanisation, not a reading.
Each verse ends in its pause form, as it is said when you stop there. Pauses inside a verse and other tajwid rules are not shown. It is derived from the Tanzil
Simple edition, while the Arabic above is the
Uthmani edition; both are cleared, but they are not the
same edition and their orthography differs.
Easy-read (simplified)faman khaafa min moosin janafan aw ithman fa'aslaha baynahum falaa ithma 'alayhi inna llaaha ghafoorun raheem
DIN 31635faman ḫāfa min mūṣin ǧanafan ʾaw ʾiṯman faʾaṣlaḥa baynahum falā ʾiṯma ʿalayhi ʾinna llāha ġafūrun raḥīmun
Talal Itani2012 Should someone suspect bias or injustice on the part of a testator, and then reconciles between them, he commits no sin. God is Forgiving and Merciful.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 But he who feareth from a testator some unjust or sinful clause, and maketh peace between the parties, (it shall be) no sin for him. Lo! Allah is Forgiving, Merciful
Edward Henry Palmer1880 And he who fears from the testator a wrong intention, or a crime, and doth make up the matter between the parties, it is no sin to him; verily, God is forgiving and merciful
John Medows Rodwell1861 But he who feareth from the testator any mistake or wrong, and shall make a settlement between the parties - that shall be no wrong in him: verily, God is Lenient, Merciful
George Sale1734 Howbeit he who apprehendeth from the testator any mistake or injustice, and shall compose the matter between them, that shall be no crime in him, for God is gracious and merciful
DIN 31635yā ʾayyuhā llaḏīna ʾāmanū kutiba ʿalaykumu ṣ-ṣiyāmu kamā kutiba ʿalā llaḏīna min qablikum laʿallakum tattaqūna
Talal Itani2012 O you who believe! Fasting is prescribed for you, as it was prescribed for those before you, that you may become righteous.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 O ye who believe! Fasting is prescribed for you, even as it was prescribed for those before you, that ye may ward off (evil)
Edward Henry Palmer1880 O ye who believe! There is prescribed for you the fast as it was prescribed for those before you; haply ye may fear
John Medows Rodwell1861 O believers! a Fast is prescribed to you as it was prescribed to those before you, that ye may fear God
George Sale1734 O true believers, a fast is ordained you, as it was ordained unto those before you, that ye may fear God
Talal Itani2012 Ramadan is the month in which the Quran was revealed. Guidance for humanity, and clear portents of guidance, and the Criterion. Whoever of you witnesses the month, shall fast it. But whoever is sick, or on a journey, then a number of other days. God desires ease for you, and does not desire hardship for you, that you may complete the number, and celebrate God for having guided you, so that you may be thankful.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 The month of Ramadan in which was revealed the Qur'an, a guidance for mankind, and clear proofs of the guidance, and the Criterion (of right and wrong). And whosoever of you is present, let him fast the month, and whosoever of you is sick or on a journey, (let him fast the same) number of other days. Allah desireth for you ease; He desireth not hardship for you; and (He desireth) that ye should complete the period, and that ye should magnify Allah for having guided you, and that peradventure ye may be thankful
Edward Henry Palmer1880 The month of Ramadhan, wherein was revealed the Koran, for a guidance to men, and for manifestations of guidance, and for a Discrimination. And he amongst you who beholds this month then let him fast it; but he who is sick or on a journey, then another number of days;- God desires for you what is easy, and desires not for you what is difficult,- that ye may complete the number, and say, 'Great is God,' for that He has guided you; haply ye may give thanks
John Medows Rodwell1861 As to the month Ramadhan in which the Koran was sent down to be man's guidance, and an explanation of that guidance, and of that illumination, as soon as any one of you observeth the moon, let him set about the fast; but he who is sick, or upon a journey, shall fast a like number of other days. God wisheth you ease, but wisheth not your discomfort, and that you fulfil the number of days, and that you glorify God for his guidance, and that you be thankful
George Sale1734 The month of Ramadan shall ye fast, in which the Koran was sent down from heaven, a direction unto men, and declarations of direction, and the distinction between good and evil. Therefore let him among you who shall be present in this month, fast the same month; but he who shall be sick, or on a journey, shall fast the like number of other days. God would make this an ease unto you, and would not make it a difficulty unto you; that ye may fulfill the number of days, and glorify God, for that he hath directed you, and that ye may give thanks
Talal Itani2012 And when My servants ask you about Me, I Am near; I answer the call of the caller when he calls on Me. So let them answer Me, and have faith in Me, that they may be rightly guided.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 And when My servants question thee concerning Me, then surely I am nigh. I answer the prayer of the suppliant when he crieth unto Me. So let them hear My call and let them trust in Me, in order that they may be led aright
Edward Henry Palmer1880 When my servants ask thee concerning me, then, verily, I am near; I answer the prayers prayer whenever he prays to me. So let them ask me for an answer, and let them believe in me; haply they may be directed aright
John Medows Rodwell1861 And when my servants ask thee concerning me, then will I be nigh unto them. I will answer the cry of him that crieth, when he crieth unto me: but let them hearken unto me, and believe in me, that they may proceed aright
George Sale1734 When my servants ask thee concerning me, verily I am near; I will hear the prayer of him that prayeth, when he prayeth unto me: But let them hearken unto me, and believe in me, that they may be rightly directed
These figures count the words the translations share. They measure wording, not meaning, and they do not say which translation is right.
Derived measure: mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the
lowercased word sets of the 5 renderings above —
0.60 on a scale
where 0 means identical wording and 1 means no shared words. It is
computed, not judged.
The page says a verse is worded differently only above the cut below. The cut is a stated convention, not a property of the text, and it can be changed.
The cut
0.644
Share of measured verses above it
33%
Verses above it
2,079
Verses measured
6,236
Talal Itani · George Sale0.66
Talal Itani · John Medows Rodwell0.65
Edward Henry Palmer · John Medows Rodwell0.62
Talal Itani · Edward Henry Palmer0.61
Edward Henry Palmer · George Sale0.59
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · George Sale0.59
Talal Itani · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall0.59
Edward Henry Palmer · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall0.57
John Medows Rodwell · George Sale0.56
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · John Medows Rodwell0.53
One bar per pair of renderings, longest bar for the pair
sharing fewest words. Every pair is shown; none is singled out.
Method Wording differences — derived 13 September 2026
Method
Mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the lowercased word sets of the cleared translations of each verse. A verse is marked as worded differently when its score falls in the top third of the corpus — the cut set out in Analysis details.
As at
13 September 2026, 10:56 UTC
Gate
verify/divergence_gate.py re-derives and fails on drift
The platform does not say which is right, and does not
characterise what the difference means. The renderings are placed
together so the difference is visible; reading it is the reader's work.
Sources, editions and licences for everything above
ReceiptsSource fact
7 sources
stand behind this page. Each is listed once, in the order the page first
cites it, with the licence it was cleared under and what was actually read.
Nothing on this page rests on a source that is not here.
Source Tanzil Qur'an text (Uthmani) · Uthmani, Version 1.1
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.
CLEARED. Licence read verbatim from the block embedded in this very file. Ingested exactly as shipped: no normalisation, no stripping of marks, no Unicode recomposition.
Parsed structurally from the EPUB: an h3 names the surah, one p per verse with its number in its own span. An unnumbered p is the basmala and is not a verse, except in surah 1 where the basmala IS verse 1. 112 unnumbered paragraphs were found, which is 114 surahs less surah 1 and surah 9. Text is stored VERBATIM: NFC normalisation and XML entity unescaping only, because CC BY-ND forbids modification.
CLEARED on a licence read first-hand from the translator's own download page, not from an aggregator. Tanzil also hosts this translation, but under a blanket "non-commercial purposes only" term that directs the user to the translator or publisher for permission - a hosting disclaimer, not a grant - so the grant was taken from the licensor directly. The "God" edition was ingested; ClearQuran also publishes an "Allah" edition, differing in how the divine name is rendered, which is not ingested.
CLEARED ON THE WORK, WITH TWO RECORDED CAVEATS ON THIS COPY. (1) Rights basis is the expired copyright term, NOT the redistributing repository's licence. That repository dedicates its contents to the public domain under the Unlicense while also redistributing plainly in-copyright translations (Abdel Haleem, Saheeh International, The Study Quran), so it is dedicating rights it cannot hold and its blanket grant is not relied upon here. (2) The file declares its own upstream as tanzil.net, and Tanzil attaches a non-commercial condition to its TRANSLATION distributions, though not to its Qur'anic text. Since Pickthall's copyright has expired, nobody holds rights in these words and no licence is required from anyone; Tanzil's terms are a contract binding those who download from Tanzil, which we did not. The chain is nonetheless not spotless and Anwar may prefer a clean digitisation of the 1930 printing. NOT VERIFIED: that this digital text matches the 1930 first printing rather than a later revised edition. No page images were collated. Recorded as unverified rather than presented as established. SERVED TEXT DIFFERS FROM THE CITED FILE AT ONE VERSE, 37:97: the file reads "red-hotfire" (a glued token, also in Gutenberg #16955); the served row reads "red-hot fire", restored 2026-09-13 from Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran (London: George Allen & Unwin, printed for Alfred A. Knopf; 1930), p. 460, XXXVII 97 - scan archive.org in.ernet.dli.2015.216140, PDF page 475; banked data/derivation-sources/pickthall-1930-dli-2015.216140-text.pdf (sha256 70e81146c97fa3a590243a82e04e349108546074787e2551a78c616202138870) on Anwar Malik's grant.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is not stated by the redistributor and the printing is unverified. No statement of purpose is recorded for Palmer because none was sourced from his own preface in this pass; nothing is asserted on his behalf.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. TWO edition caveats. (1) The upstream is not stated by the redistributor. (2) Rodwell's own edition PRESENTS THE SURAHS IN HIS OWN CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER, not the mushaf order — he says so in his preface. This digital text is keyed to mushaf order, so it derives from a restored-order printing (such as the Everyman edition) rather than from Rodwell's own arrangement. Which printing is not stated and has not been established.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is NOT STATED by the redistributor, so the printing it represents is unverified; Sale's text was reprinted and re-edited many times between 1734 and 1900. Recorded as unverified rather than assumed to be the first edition.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.
CLEARED. Parallel edition, held in ayah_text_variants. It sits alongside the Uthmani spine for search normalisation and is never used to correct it.