Marked words appear in this translation and in no other English translation of this verse. Common small words and older spellings are not marked. The marks show where the wording differs, not where the meaning does.
O ye who believe! expend in alms of the good things that ye have earned, and of what we have brought forth for you out of the earth, and do not take the vile thereof to spend in alms,- what you would not take yourselves save by connivance at it; but know that God is rich and to be praised
Sources
Translation Edward Henry Palmer, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
Compare translations (4)Talal Itani· published 2012
O you who believe! Give of the good things you have earned, and from what We have produced for you from the earth. And do not pick the inferior things to give away, when you yourselves would not accept it except with eyesclosed. And know that God is Sufficient and Praiseworthy.
Translation Talal Itani, ClearQuran·Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1875–1936 · published 1930
O ye who believe! Spend of the good things which ye have earned, and of that which We bring forth from the earth for you, and seek not the bad (with intent) to spend thereof (in charity) when ye would not take it for yourselves save with disdain; and know that Allah is Absolute, Owner of Praise
Sources
Translation Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran·Public domain — copyright term expired
Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran·1930 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work
·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026
John Medows Rodwell1808–1900 · published 1861
O ye who believe! bestow alms of the good things which ye have acquired, and of that which we have brought forth for you out of the earth, and choose not the bad for almsgiving, Such as ye would accept yourselves only by connivance: and know that God is Rich, Praiseworthy
Sources
Translation John Medows Rodwell, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
O truebelievers bestow alms of the good things which ye have gained, and of that which we have produced for you out of the earth, and choose not the bad thereof, to give it in alms, such as ye would not accept your selves, otherwise than by connivance: And know that God is rich and worthy to be praised
Sources
Translation George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an·1734 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work
·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026
Other languages (18)Shqip · Albanian
O besimtarë! Jepni nga të mirat që i fitoni dhe nga prodhimet që nxjerrim për ju nga toka e mos synoni të dhuroni më të keqen nga ato, të cilën as ju vetë nuk do ta pranonit, pos symbyllur. Dijeni se Allahu është i Panevojë dhe i Lavdëruar.
Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5
বাংলা · Bengali
হে তোমরা যারা ঈমান এনেছ! তোমরা হালাল ও পবিত্র বস্তু থেকে যা উপার্জন করো এবং আমি যা যমিন থেকে তোমাদের জন্য উৎপাদন করি, তা থেকে উৎকৃষ্ট অংশ ব্যয় করো। আর নিকৃষ্ট অংশ ব্যয় করার সংকল্প করো না; অথচ তোমরা তা গ্রহণ করবে না, যদি না তোমরা চোখ বন্ধ করে গ্রহণ করো। আর জেনে রাখো, নিশ্চয় আল্লাহ অভাবমুক্ত, প্রশংসিত।(৮৯)
Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Dawah Association in Rabwah, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.2
Bosanski · Bosnian
O vi koji vjerujete, dijelite od lijepih imetaka koje ste stekli i od onoga što smo vam Mi iz Zemlje izveli! Ne izdvajajte ono što ne vrijedi da biste to udijelili, kada ni sami to ne biste primili, osim zatvorenih očiju! I znajte da je Allah, zaista, neovisni i hvaljen.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 2.0.4
Hrvatski · Croatian
O vi koji vjerujete, dijelite od lijepih imetaka koje ste stekli, i od onoga što smo vam Mi iz Zemlje izveli! Ne izdvajajte ono što ne vrijedi da biste to udijelili, kada ni sami to ne biste primili, osim zatvorenih očiju! I znajte da je Allah, zaista, Neovisni i Hvaljeni.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1
Fulfulde · Fulani
Eehey mon goongɗinɓe tottiree ko laaɓi ummaade ko paggiti-ɗon e ko min njaltinani on ka leydi, wotee pa'nde ko soɓi koo ngam nafkude heen on ngonaa nanngooɓe ɗum si wonaa on meerni heen, ngannde Alla ko yondaniiɗo mantaaɗo.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
ქართული · Georgian
ჰეი, თქვენ, რომელთაც ირწმუნეთ! გაიღეთ კეთილი (ქონება) იმიდან, რაც მოიპოვეთ, და (გაიღეთ) იმ კეთილიდანაც, რაც ჩვენ ამოგიყვანეთ მიწიდან. და ნუ განიზრახავთ, რომ (ღარიბებს) მისცეთ ცუდი ამისგან, რათა დახარჯოთ — იმას, რასაც თქვენ თვითონაც არ აიღებდით (მისი უხარისხობის გამო), თუ მხოლოდ თვალის დახუჭვით. და იცოდეთ, რომ ალლაჰი მდიდარი, ქებულია.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.7
Deutsch · German
O die ihr glaubt, gebt aus von den guten Dingen, die ihr erworben habt und von dem, was Wir für euch aus der Erde hervorgebracht haben. Und sucht nicht zum Ausgeben das Schlechte davon aus, während ihr (selbst) es nicht nehmen würdet, es sei denn, ihr würdet ein Auge zudrücken. Und wisst, dass Allah unbedürftig und lobenswürdig ist.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.15
Ελληνικά · Greek
Ω, σεις που πιστεύετε! Ξοδέψτε από τα καλά αγαθά που κερδίσατε και απ’ αυτά (τα φυτά) που βγάλαμε για σας από τη γη, και μην επιλέξετε σκοπίμως αυτό που δεν είναι καλό από αυτό, ξοδεύοντάς (το σε ελεημοσύνη), ενώ (αν σας δινόταν), δεν θα το παίρνατε εκτός να το παραβλέπατε (από ανάγκη). Και να ξέρετε ότι ο Αλλάχ είναι Γανέι (Πλούσιος, Απαλλαγμένος από όλες τις ανάγκες) και Χαμείντ (Άξιος κάθε επαίνου).
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
हिन्दी · Hindi
ऐ ईमान वालो! उन पाक और अच्छी चीज़ों में से ख़र्च करो जो तुमने कमाई हैं तथा उनमें से भी, जो हमने तुम्हारे लिए धरती से निकाली हैं तथा उसमें से रद्दी चीज़ का इरादा न करो, जिसे तुम खर्च करते हो, हालाँकि तुम उसे बिल्कुल लेने वाले नहीं, सिवाय इसके कि तुम उसके बारे में अनदेखी कर जाओ। तथा जान लो कि अल्लाह बड़ा बेनियाज़, बहुत ख़ूबियों वाला है।
Translated by Azizul Haq Al-Omari
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.5
Italiano · Italian
O credenti! Spendete dal meglio che avete accumulato e da quello che vi abbiamo fatto uscire dalla terra, e non donate da ciò che è cattivo di proposito. E Voi non accettate ciò, a meno che non cediate parte del vostro diritto. E sappiate che in verità Allāh è l’Autosufficiente, il Lodevole.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
Lietuvių · Lithuanian
267. O jūs, kurie tikite! Leiskite iš geriausių dalykų, kuriuos jūs (teisėtai) įgijote, ir iš to, ką Mes davėme jums iš žemės, ir nesiekite to, iš ko yra bloga leisti, (bet) jūs neimtumėte to, nebent užsimerkę. Ir žinokite, kad Allahas yra Turtingas (Neturintis jokių poreikių) ir Vertas visos šlovės.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.8
Afaan Oromoo · Oromo
Isin Yaa warra amantan! gaggaarii waan carraaqqattaniifi waan Nuti dachii irraa isiniif baafne irraa kennadhaa. isa irraa kennachuudhaan Waan fokkataa hin yaadinaa, (Odoo isiniif kennamee) Isa keessatti ija dunuunfattanii malee kan hin fudhanne taatan (san hinkenninaa, bareedaa kennaa), Rabbiin dhugumatti dureessa, faarfamaa ta’uu beekaa. [108]
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.0
Русский · Russian
О вы, которые уверовали! Расходуйте из благ, что вы приобрели, и из того, что Мы вывели для вас из земли. Не выбирайте плохое из этого для расходования — такое, что вы и сами не взяли бы, разве что закрыв глаза на это. И знайте, что Аллах — богатый, достохвальный.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1
Српски · Serbian
О ви који верујете, удељујте од лепих ствари које сте стекли, и од онога што смо вам Ми из Земље извели! Не издвајајте оно што не вреди да бисте то уделили, када ни сами то не бисте примили, осим затворених очију! И знајте да је Аллах, заиста, Независтан и Хваљени.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4
Kiswahili · Swahili
Enyi mlioamini! Toeni katika vile vizuri mlivyovichuma, na katika vile tulivyowatolea katika ardhi. Wala msikusudie kutoa vilivyo vibaya, ilhali nyinyi wenyewe msingevipokea isipokuwa kwa kuvifumbia macho. Na jueni kwamba Mwenyezi Mungu ni Mwenye kujitosha, Msifiwa.
Issued by the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5
Svenska · Swedish
Troende! Ge av det goda ni förvärvat och av det vi låter jorden frambringa åt er. Välj inte ut det sämsta för att skänka; sådant som ni själva inte skulle ta emot annat än med motvilja. Vet att Gud är oberoende, lovprisad.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
Türkçe · Turkish
Ey iman edenler! Gerek kazandıklarınızın ve gerekse yerden sizin için çıkardıklarımızın iyilerinden bağışta bulunun. Göz yummadan alıcısı olmayacağınız kötü şeyleri vermeye kalkışmayın. Bilin ki Allah, hiçbir şeye ihtiyacı olmayan ve hamt edilmeye layık olandır.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4
اردو · Urdu
اے ایمان والو! اپنی پاکیزه کمائی میں سے اور زمین میں سے تمہارے لئے ہماری نکالی ہوئی چیزوں میں سے خرچ کرو[1] ، ان میں سے بری چیزوں کے خرچ کرنے کا قصد نہ کرنا، جسے تم خود لینے والے نہیں ہو، ہاں اگر آنکھیں بند کر لو تو[2]، اور جان لو کہ اللہ تعالیٰ بے پرواه اور خوبیوں واﻻ ہے
Translated by Muhammad Ibrahim Junagarhi, developed under the supervision of the Rowwad Translation Center. The original translation is available for the purpose of expressing opinion, evaluation, and continuous development.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.3
About these translations
5 cleared translations, newest first, by year of publication, so the modern English comes before the historical ones. That is an ordering by date, not a judgement. Each is shown complete — this platform never excerpts a translation — and each renders under its translator's name. No translation here is marked as the correct one.
Which translations appear here is set by copyright: they are the ones whose rights could be documented and cleared. The selection is not a judgement that these are the best.
About easy-read
Easy-read
Easy-read is a simplified pronunciation,
not authoritative — a rule-by-rule romanisation, not a reading.
Each verse ends in its pause form, as it is said when you stop there. Pauses inside a verse and other tajwid rules are not shown. It is derived from the Tanzil
Simple edition, while the Arabic above is the
Uthmani edition; both are cleared, but they are not the
same edition and their orthography differs.
Talal Itani2012 And the parable of those who spend their wealth seeking God's approval, and to strengthen their souls, is that of a garden on a hillside. If heavy rain falls on it, its produce is doubled; and if no heavy rain falls, then dew is enough. God is seeing of everything you do.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 And the likeness of those who spend their wealth in search of Allah's pleasure, and for the strengthening of their souls, is as the likeness of a garden on a height. The rainstorm smiteth it and it bringeth forth its fruit twofold. And if the rainstorm smite it not, then the shower. Allah is Seer of what ye do
Edward Henry Palmer1880 But the likeness of those who expend their wealth craving the goodwill of God, and as an insurance for their souls, is as the likeness of a garden on a hill. A heavy shower falls on it, and it brings forth its eatables twofold; and if no heavy shower falls on it, the dew does; and God on what ye do doth look
John Medows Rodwell1861 And the likeness of those who expend their substance from a desire to please God, and for the stablishing of their souls, is as a garden on a hill, on which the heavy rain falleth, and it yieldeth its fruits twofold; and even if a heavy rain fall not on it, yet is there a dew: God beholdeth your actions
George Sale1734 And the likeness of those who lay out their substance from a desire to please God, and for an establishment for their souls, is as a garden on a hill, on which a violent rain falleth, and it bringeth forth its fruits twofold; and if a violent rain falleth not on it, yet the dew falleth thereon: And God seeth that which ye do
Easy-read (simplified)ayawaddu ahadukum an takoona lahu jannatun min nakheelin wa'a'naabin tajree min tahtihaa l-'anhaaru lahu feehaa min kulli th-thamaraati wa'asaabahu l-kibaru walahu dhurriyyatun du'afaa'u fa'asaabahaa i'saarun feehi naarun fahtaraqat kadhaalika yubayyinu llaahu lakumu l-'aayaati la'allakum tatafakkaroon
DIN 31635ʾayawaddu ʾaḥadukum ʾan takūna lahu ǧannatun min naḫīlin waʾaʿnābin taǧrī min taḥtihā l-ʾanhāru lahu fīhā min kulli ṯ-ṯamarāti waʾaṣābahu l-kibaru walahu ḏurriyyatun ḍuʿafāʾu faʾaṣābahā ʾiʿṣārun fīhi nārun faḥtaraqat kaḏālika yubayyinu llāhu lakumu l-ʾāyāti laʿallakum tatafakkarūna
Talal Itani2012 Would anyone of you like to have a garden of palms and vines, under which rivers flow-with all kinds of fruit in it for him, and old age has stricken him, and he has weak children-then a tornado with fire batters it, and it burns down? Thus God makes clear the signs for you, so that you may reflect.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 Would any of you like to have a garden of palm-trees and vines, with rivers flowing underneath it, with all kinds of fruit for him therein; and old age hath stricken him and he hath feeble offspring; and a fiery whirlwind striketh it and it is (all) consumed by fire. Thus Allah maketh plain His revelations unto you, in order that ye may give thought
Edward Henry Palmer1880 Would one of you fain have a garden of palms and vines, with rivers flowing beneath it, in which is every fruit; and when old age shall reach him, have weak seed, and there fall on it a storm wind with fire therein, and it gets burnt? Thus does God manifest to you His signs, mayhap ye will reflect
John Medows Rodwell1861 Desireth any one of you a garden of palms and vines through which rivers flow, in which he may have every fruit, and that old age should surprise him there, and that his offspring should be weakly, and that then a fiery violent wind shall strike it so that it shall be burned? Thus God maketh plain his signs to you that ye may reflect
George Sale1734 Doth any of you desire to have a garden of palm-trees and vines, through which rivers flow, wherein he may have all kinds of fruits, and that he may attain to old age, and have a weak off-spring? Then a violent fiery wind shall strike it, so that it shall be burned. Thus God declareth his signs unto you, that ye may consider
Talal Itani2012 Satan promises you poverty, and urges you to immorality; but God promises you forgiveness from Himself, and grace. God is Embracing and Knowing.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 The devil promiseth you destitution and enjoineth on you lewdness. But Allah promiseth you forgiveness from Himself with bounty. Allah is All-Embracing, All-knowing
Edward Henry Palmer1880 The devil promises you poverty and bids you sin, but God promises you pardon from Him and grace, for God both embraces and knows
John Medows Rodwell1861 Satan menaceth you with poverty, and enjoineth base actions: but God promiseth you pardon from himself and abundance: God is All-bounteous, Knowing
George Sale1734 The devil threateneth you with poverty, and commandeth you filthy covetousness, but God promiseth you pardon from himself and abundance: God bounteous and wise
DIN 31635yuʾtī l-ḥikmata man yašāʾu waman yuʾta l-ḥikmata faqad ʾūtiya ḫayran kaṯīran wamā yaḏḏakkaru ʾillā ʾūlū l-ʾalbābi
Talal Itani2012 He gives wisdom to whomever He wills. Whoever is given wisdom has been given much good. But none pays heed except those with insight.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 He giveth wisdom unto whom He will, and he unto whom wisdom is given, he truly hath received abundant good. But none remember except men of understanding
Edward Henry Palmer1880 He bringeth wisdom unto whom He will, and he who is brought wisdom is brought much good; but none will remember save those endowed with minds
John Medows Rodwell1861 He giveth wisdom to whom He will: and he to whom wisdom is given, hath had much good given him; but none will bear it in mind, except the wise of heart
George Sale1734 He giveth wisdom unto whom he pleaseth, and he unto whom wisdom is given, hath received much good: But none will consider, except the wise of heart
These figures count the words the translations share. They measure wording, not meaning, and they do not say which translation is right.
Derived measure: mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the
lowercased word sets of the 5 renderings above —
0.56 on a scale
where 0 means identical wording and 1 means no shared words. It is
computed, not judged.
The page says a verse is worded differently only above the cut below. The cut is a stated convention, not a property of the text, and it can be changed.
The cut
0.644
Share of measured verses above it
33%
Verses above it
2,079
Verses measured
6,236
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · George Sale0.65
Talal Itani · George Sale0.65
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · John Medows Rodwell0.61
Talal Itani · John Medows Rodwell0.61
Talal Itani · Edward Henry Palmer0.57
Talal Itani · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall0.56
Edward Henry Palmer · George Sale0.52
Edward Henry Palmer · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall0.50
Edward Henry Palmer · John Medows Rodwell0.49
John Medows Rodwell · George Sale0.45
One bar per pair of renderings, longest bar for the pair
sharing fewest words. Every pair is shown; none is singled out.
Method Wording differences — derived 13 September 2026
Method
Mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the lowercased word sets of the cleared translations of each verse. A verse is marked as worded differently when its score falls in the top third of the corpus — the cut set out in Analysis details.
As at
13 September 2026, 10:56 UTC
Gate
verify/divergence_gate.py re-derives and fails on drift
The platform does not say which is right, and does not
characterise what the difference means. The renderings are placed
together so the difference is visible; reading it is the reader's work.
Sources, editions and licences for everything above
ReceiptsSource fact
7 sources
stand behind this page. Each is listed once, in the order the page first
cites it, with the licence it was cleared under and what was actually read.
Nothing on this page rests on a source that is not here.
Source Tanzil Qur'an text (Uthmani) · Uthmani, Version 1.1
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.
CLEARED. Licence read verbatim from the block embedded in this very file. Ingested exactly as shipped: no normalisation, no stripping of marks, no Unicode recomposition.
Parsed structurally from the EPUB: an h3 names the surah, one p per verse with its number in its own span. An unnumbered p is the basmala and is not a verse, except in surah 1 where the basmala IS verse 1. 112 unnumbered paragraphs were found, which is 114 surahs less surah 1 and surah 9. Text is stored VERBATIM: NFC normalisation and XML entity unescaping only, because CC BY-ND forbids modification.
CLEARED on a licence read first-hand from the translator's own download page, not from an aggregator. Tanzil also hosts this translation, but under a blanket "non-commercial purposes only" term that directs the user to the translator or publisher for permission - a hosting disclaimer, not a grant - so the grant was taken from the licensor directly. The "God" edition was ingested; ClearQuran also publishes an "Allah" edition, differing in how the divine name is rendered, which is not ingested.
CLEARED ON THE WORK, WITH TWO RECORDED CAVEATS ON THIS COPY. (1) Rights basis is the expired copyright term, NOT the redistributing repository's licence. That repository dedicates its contents to the public domain under the Unlicense while also redistributing plainly in-copyright translations (Abdel Haleem, Saheeh International, The Study Quran), so it is dedicating rights it cannot hold and its blanket grant is not relied upon here. (2) The file declares its own upstream as tanzil.net, and Tanzil attaches a non-commercial condition to its TRANSLATION distributions, though not to its Qur'anic text. Since Pickthall's copyright has expired, nobody holds rights in these words and no licence is required from anyone; Tanzil's terms are a contract binding those who download from Tanzil, which we did not. The chain is nonetheless not spotless and Anwar may prefer a clean digitisation of the 1930 printing. NOT VERIFIED: that this digital text matches the 1930 first printing rather than a later revised edition. No page images were collated. Recorded as unverified rather than presented as established. SERVED TEXT DIFFERS FROM THE CITED FILE AT ONE VERSE, 37:97: the file reads "red-hotfire" (a glued token, also in Gutenberg #16955); the served row reads "red-hot fire", restored 2026-09-13 from Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran (London: George Allen & Unwin, printed for Alfred A. Knopf; 1930), p. 460, XXXVII 97 - scan archive.org in.ernet.dli.2015.216140, PDF page 475; banked data/derivation-sources/pickthall-1930-dli-2015.216140-text.pdf (sha256 70e81146c97fa3a590243a82e04e349108546074787e2551a78c616202138870) on Anwar Malik's grant.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is not stated by the redistributor and the printing is unverified. No statement of purpose is recorded for Palmer because none was sourced from his own preface in this pass; nothing is asserted on his behalf.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. TWO edition caveats. (1) The upstream is not stated by the redistributor. (2) Rodwell's own edition PRESENTS THE SURAHS IN HIS OWN CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER, not the mushaf order — he says so in his preface. This digital text is keyed to mushaf order, so it derives from a restored-order printing (such as the Everyman edition) rather than from Rodwell's own arrangement. Which printing is not stated and has not been established.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is NOT STATED by the redistributor, so the printing it represents is unverified; Sale's text was reprinted and re-edited many times between 1734 and 1900. Recorded as unverified rather than assumed to be the first edition.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.
CLEARED. Parallel edition, held in ayah_text_variants. It sits alongside the Uthmani spine for search normalisation and is never used to correct it.