Marked words appear in this translation and in no other English translation of this verse. Common small words and older spellings are not marked. The marks show where the wording differs, not where the meaning does.
Talal Itani· published 2012
And recall when Moses prayed for water for his people. We said, "Strike the rock with your staff." Thereupon twelve springs gushed out from it, and each tribe recognized its drinking-place. "Eat and drink from God'sprovision, and do not corrupt the earth with disobedience."
Translation Talal Itani, ClearQuran·Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1875–1936 · published 1930
And when Moses asked for water for his people, We said: Smite with thy staff the rock. And there gushed out therefrom twelve springs (so that) each tribe knew their drinking-place. Eat and drink of that which Allah hath provided, and do not act corruptly, makingmischief in the earth
Sources
Translation Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran·Public domain — copyright term expired
Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran·1930 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work
·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026
Edward Henry Palmer1840–1882 · published 1880
When Moses, too, asked drink for his people and we said, 'Strike with thy staff the rock,' and from it burstforth twelve springs; each man among them knew his drinking place. 'Eat and drink of what God has provided, and transgress not on the earth as evildoers
Sources
Translation Edward Henry Palmer, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
And when Moses asked drink for his people, we said, "Strike the rock with thy rod;" and from it there gushed twelve fountains: each tribe knew their drinking-place : - "Eat and drink," said we, "of what God hath supplied, and do no wrong on the earth by licentiousdeeds
Sources
Translation John Medows Rodwell, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
And when Moses asked drink for his people, We said, strike the rock with thy rod; and there gushed thereout twelve fountains according to the number of the tribes, and all men knew their respective drinking-place. Eat and drink of the bounty of God, and commit not evil in the earth, acting unjustly
Sources
Translation George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an·1734 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work
·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026
Other languages (18)Shqip · Albanian
Dhe kujtoni kur Musai kërkoi ujë për popullin e tij e Ne i thamë: "Bjeri shkëmbit me shkopin tënd!" Atëherë, nga ai shpërthyen dymbëdhjetë burime dhe secili fis e dinte burimin e vet. Ne u thamë: "Hani e pini nga begatitë e Allahut dhe mos bëni mbrapshti në tokë!"
Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5
বাংলা · Bengali
(আরো স্মরণ করো ) যখন মূসা তার জাতির জন্য (তীহের মরু প্রান্তরে) পানি চাইলেন। আমি বললাম: ‘তুমি লাঠি দ্বারা পাথরে আঘাত করো।’ ফলে তা হতে বারোটি ঝর্ণাধারা প্রবাহিত হলো। প্রত্যেক গোত্র নিজ নিজ পানি সংগ্রহের স্থান জেনে নিলো। ‘আল্লাহর দেয়া জীবিকা হতে তোমরা খাও এবং পান করো, তবে জমিনে বিপর্যয় সৃষ্টি করোনা।’
Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Dawah Association in Rabwah, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.2
Bosanski · Bosnian
I kada je Musa za narod svoj vodu molio, Mi smo rekli: "Udari štapom svojim po kamenu!" Iz njega je dvanaest vrela provrelo, i svi ljudi su znali iz kojeg će vrela piti. "Jedite i pijte Allahovu opskrbu i ne činite zlo po Zemlji nered praveći."
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 2.0.4
Hrvatski · Croatian
I kada je Mojsije za narod svoj vodu molio, Mi smo rekli: "Udari štapom svojim po kamenu!" Iz njega je dvanaest vrela provrelo, i svi ljudi su znali iz kojeg će vrela piti. "Jedite i pijte Allahovu opskrbu i ne činite zlo po Zemlji nered praveći."
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1
Fulfulde · Fulani
Nde Muusaa toranii yimɓe mum ndiyam min mbi'i fiyu haayre ndee sawru maa nduu ndeen gite ndiyam sappo e ɗiɗi puccitii heen yimɓe ɓee fof keɓi yarde, ñaamee njaree e njeɗu Alla taa mbaɗee bonannde dow lesdi ndi.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
ქართული · Georgian
۞ (და კიდევ ერთი ჩვენი წყალობა ის იყო, რომ თქვენ უდაბნოში ხეტიალობდით და ძლიერ წყურვილს განიცდიდით) და აი, მუსამ სთხოვა წყალი თავისი ხალხისთვის, და ჩვენ ვუთხარით: «დაარტყი შენი კვერთხით კლდეს!» (და მუსამ დაარტყა) და ამოიხეთქა მისგან თორმეტი წყარო [ისრაელის შთამომავლების ტომების (გვარების) რიცხვის მიხედვით], რათა ყველა ხალხს სცოდნოდა თავისი სასმელი წყლის ადგილი [თითოეულ ტომს ჰქონდა თავისი წყარო, რათა გვარებს შორის დავა არ წარმოშობილიყო]. და (ჩვენ ვუთხარით): «ჭამეთ და სვით ალლაჰისგან ბოძებული საზრდოდან და ნუ ბოროტმოქმედებთ მიწაზე, უწესრიგობის თესვით».
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.7
Deutsch · German
Und (gedenkt,) als Musa für sein Volk um Wasser bat, da sagten Wir: „Schlag mit deinem Stock auf den Felsen!“ Hierauf entsprangen aus ihm zwölf Quellen. Jede Menschengruppe wusste nun, wo ihre Trinkstelle war. „Esst und trinkt von Allahs Versorgung und richtet auf der Erde nicht unheilstiftend Verderben an!“
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.15
Ελληνικά · Greek
Και (θυμηθείτε) όταν (χαθήκατε στη γη και ήσασταν διψασμένοι, και) ο Μωυσής Μας επικαλέστηκε για να παρέχουμε νερό στον λαό του, και είπαμε: «Χτύπα τον βράχο με το ραβδί σου.» Έπειτα, ανέβλυσαν από αυτόν δώδεκα πηγές (για τις δώδεκα φυλές). Κάθε φυλή γνώριζε το δικό της μέρος για νερό. (Και είπαμε:) «Φάτε και πιείτε από τα αγαθά του Αλλάχ και μη σκορπίζετε το κακό στη γη.»
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
हिन्दी · Hindi
तथा (वह समय याद करो) जब मूसा ने अपनी जाति के लिए पानी माँगा, तो हमने कहा : अपनी लाठी पत्थर पर मारो। तो उससे बारह[31] सोते फूट निकले। निःसंदेह सब लोगों ने अपने पीने के स्थान को जान लिया। अल्लाह के दिए हुए में से खाओ और पियो और धरती में बिगाड़ फैलाते न फिरो।
Translated by Azizul Haq Al-Omari
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.5
Italiano · Italian
E quando Mūsā invocò l’acqua per il suo popolo, noi gli dicemmo: “Dai un colpo alla roccia col bastone!” Allora dalla roccia sgorgarono dodici sorgenti, e così ogni tribù seppe dove bere: “Mangiate e bevete dai doni di Allāh e non percorretela da malfattori”.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
Lietuvių · Lithuanian
60. Ir (atminkite), kai Mūsa (Mozė) paprašė vandens savo žmonėms, Mes tarėme: „Suduok savo lazda į akmenį.“ Tada ištryško iš ten dvylika versmių. Kiekvienas žmogus (jų grupė) žinojo savo vandens vietą. „Valgykite ir gerkite tai, ką Allahas suteikė, ir nesielkite nedorai, darydami piktadarybes žemėje.“
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.0
Русский · Russian
И вот Муса испросил воды для своего народа, и Мы сказали: «Ударь своим посохом по камню». Тогда из него забили двенадцать источников, и каждое [племя] узнало своё место для питья. [Мы сказали:] «Ешьте и пейте из удела Аллаха и не бесчинствуйте на земле, творя беззаконие».
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1
Српски · Serbian
И када је Мојсије за народ свој молио воду, Ми смо рекли: „Удари својим штапом по камену!“ Из њега је проврело дванаест извора, и сви људи су знали из којег ће извора да пију. „Једите и пијте из Аллахове опскрбе и не чините зло по Земљи правећи неред.“
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4
Kiswahili · Swahili
Na Musa alipoomba maji kwa ajili ya watu wake, tukamwambia: 'Lipige jiwe kwa fimbo yako.' Mara zikatimbuka chemichemi kumi na mbili; kila kabila likajua mahali pake pa kunywea. Tukawaambia: Kuleni na mnywe katika riziki ya Mwenyezi Mungu, wala msiasi katika nchi mkafanya uharibifu.
Issued by the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5
Svenska · Swedish
Och minns när Mose bad om vatten för sitt folk och vi sa: ”Slå med din stav på stenen.” Då sprang tolv källor fram ur den, och varje stam visste vilken de skulle dricka av. ”Ät och drick av det Gud har försörjt er med, men sprid inte fördärv på jorden!”
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
Türkçe · Turkish
Mûsâ, (çölde) halkı için su aradığında: "Değneğinle taşa vur!" dedik. Ondan on iki pınar fışkırdı ve her grup su içeceği pınarı öğrenmişti. Allah’ın rızkından yiyin, için; fakat yeryüzünde bozguncular olarak taşkınlık yapmayın!
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4
اردو · Urdu
اور جب موسیٰ (علیہ السلام) نے اپنی قوم کے لئے پانی مانگا تو ہم نے کہا کہ اپنی ﻻٹھی پتھر پر مارو، جس سے باره چشمے پھوٹ نکلے اور[1] ہر گروه نے اپنا چشمہ پہچان لیا (اور ہم نے کہہ دیا کہ) اللہ تعالیٰ کا رزق کھاؤ پیو اورزمین میں فساد نہ کرتے پھرو۔
Translated by Muhammad Ibrahim Junagarhi, developed under the supervision of the Rowwad Translation Center. The original translation is available for the purpose of expressing opinion, evaluation, and continuous development.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.3
About these translations
5 cleared translations, newest first, by year of publication, so the modern English comes before the historical ones. That is an ordering by date, not a judgement. Each is shown complete — this platform never excerpts a translation — and each renders under its translator's name. No translation here is marked as the correct one.
Which translations appear here is set by copyright: they are the ones whose rights could be documented and cleared. The selection is not a judgement that these are the best.
About easy-read
Easy-read
Easy-read is a simplified pronunciation,
not authoritative — a rule-by-rule romanisation, not a reading.
Each verse ends in its pause form, as it is said when you stop there. Pauses inside a verse and other tajwid rules are not shown. It is derived from the Tanzil
Simple edition, while the Arabic above is the
Uthmani edition; both are cleared, but they are not the
same edition and their orthography differs.
Talal Itani2012 And recall that We said, "Enter this town, and eat plentifully from it whatever you wish; but enter the gate humbly, and say, 'Pardon.' We will forgive your sins, and give increase to the virtuous."
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 And when We said: Go into this township and eat freely of that which is therein, and enter the gate prostrate, and say: "Repentance." We will forgive you your sins and will increase (reward) for the right-doers
Edward Henry Palmer1880 And when we said, 'Enter this city and eat therefrom as plentifully as ye wish; and enter the gate worshipping and say 'hittatun. So will we pardon you your sins and give increase unto those who do well
John Medows Rodwell1861 And when we said, "Enter this city, and eat therefrom plentifully, at your will, and enter the gate with prostrations, and say, 'Forgiveness;' and we will pardon you your sins, and give an increase to the doers of good
George Sale1734 And when We said, enter into this city, and eat of the provisions thereof plentifully as ye will; and enter the gate worshipping, and say, forgiveness! We will pardon you your sins, and give increase unto the well-doers
DIN 31635fabaddala llaḏīna ẓalamū qawlan ġayra llaḏī qīla lahum faʾanzalnā ʿalā llaḏīna ẓalamū riǧzan mina s-samāʾi bimā kānū yafsuqūna
Talal Itani2012 But the wrongdoers among them substituted words other than those given to them, so We sent down on the wrongdoers a plague from heaven, because of their wicked behavior.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 But those who did wrong changed the word which had been told them for another saying, and We sent down upon the evil-doers wrath from heaven for their evil-doing
Edward Henry Palmer1880 But those who did wrong changed it for another word than that which was said to them: and we sent down upon those who did wrong, wrath from heaven for that they had so sinned
John Medows Rodwell1861 But the evil-doers changed that word into another than that spoken to them, and we sent down upon those evil-doers wrath from heaven, for that they had done amiss
George Sale1734 But the ungodly changed the expression into another, different from what had been spoken unto them; and we sent down upon the ungodly indignation from heaven, because they had transgressed
Talal Itani2012 And recall when you said, "O Moses, we cannot endure one kind of food, so call to your Lord to produce for us of what the earth grows: of its herbs, and its cucumbers, and its garlic, and its lentils, and its onions." He said, "Would you substitute worse for better? Go down to Egypt, where you will have what you asked for." They were struck with humiliation and poverty, and incurred wrath from God. That was because they rejected God's revelations and wrongfully killed the prophets. That was because they disobeyed and transgressed.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 And when ye said: O Moses! We are weary of one kind of food; so call upon thy Lord for us that He bring forth for us of that which the earth groweth - of its herbs and its cucumbers and its corn and its lentils and its onions. He said: Would ye exchange that which is higher for that which is lower? Go down to settled country, thus ye shall get that which ye demand. And humiliation and wretchedness were stamped upon them and they were visited with wrath from Allah. That was because they disbelieved in Allah's revelations and slew the prophets wrongfully. That was for their disobedience and transgression
Edward Henry Palmer1880 And when they said, 'O Moses, we cannot always bear one kind of food; pray then thy Lord to bring forth for us of what the earth grows, its green herbs, its cucumbers, its garlic, its lentils, and its onions.' Said he, 'Do ye ask what is meaner instead of what is best? Go down to Egypt,- there is what ye ask.' Then were they smitten with abasement and poverty, and met with wrath from God. That was because they had misbelieved in God's signs and killed the prophets undeservedly; that was for that they were rebellious and had transgressed
John Medows Rodwell1861 And when ye said, "O Moses! we will not put up with one sort of food: pray, therefore, thy Lord for us, that He would bring forth for us of that which the earth groweth, its herbs and its cucumbers and its garlic and its lentils and its onions:" He said, "What! will ye exchange that which is worse for what is better? Get ye down into Egypt; - for ye shall have what ye have asked:" Vileness and poverty were stamped upon them, and they returned with wrath from God: This, for that they disbelieved the signs of God, and slew the Prophets unjustly: this, for that they rebelled and transgressed
George Sale1734 And when ye said, O Moses, we will by no means be satisfied with one kind of food; pray unto thy Lord therefore for us, that He would produce for us of that which the earth bringeth forth, herbs, and cucumbers, and garlick, and lentils, and onions; Moses answered, will ye exchange that which is better, for that which is worse? Get ye down in Egypt, for there shall ye find what ye desire: And they were smitten with vileness and misery, and drew on themselves indignation from God. This they suffered, because they believed not in the signs of God, and killed the prophets unjustly; this, because they rebelled and transgressed
Talal Itani2012 Those who believe, and those who are Jewish, and the Christians, and the Sabeans-any who believe in God and the Last Day, and act righteously-will have their reward with their Lord; they have nothing to fear, nor will they grieve.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 Lo! Those who believe (in that which is revealed unto thee, Muhammad), and those who are Jews, and Christians, and Sabaeans - whoever believeth in Allah and the Last Day and doeth right - surely their reward is with their Lord, and there shall no fear come upon them neither shall they grieve
Edward Henry Palmer1880 Verily, whether it be of those who believe, or those who are Jews or Christians or Sabaeans, whosoever believe in God and the last day and act aright, they have their reward at their Lords hand, and there is no fear for them, nor shall they grieve
John Medows Rodwell1861 Verily, they who believe (Muslims), and they who follow the Jewish religion, and the Christians, and the Sabeites - whoever of these believeth in God and the last day, and doeth that which is right, shall have their reward with their Lord: fear shall not come upon them, neither shall they be grieved
George Sale1734 Surely those who believe, and those who Judaize, and Christians, and Sabians, whoever believeth in God, and the last day, and doth that which is right, they shall have their reward with their Lord, there shall come no fear on them, neither shall they be grieved
These figures count the words the translations share. They measure wording, not meaning, and they do not say which translation is right.
Derived measure: mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the
lowercased word sets of the 5 renderings above —
0.59 on a scale
where 0 means identical wording and 1 means no shared words. It is
computed, not judged.
The page says a verse is worded differently only above the cut below. The cut is a stated convention, not a property of the text, and it can be changed.
The cut
0.644
Share of measured verses above it
33%
Verses above it
2,079
Verses measured
6,236
Talal Itani · George Sale0.68
Edward Henry Palmer · George Sale0.66
Talal Itani · Edward Henry Palmer0.63
Edward Henry Palmer · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall0.60
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · George Sale0.58
Talal Itani · John Medows Rodwell0.58
Edward Henry Palmer · John Medows Rodwell0.56
Talal Itani · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall0.55
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · John Medows Rodwell0.53
John Medows Rodwell · George Sale0.51
One bar per pair of renderings, longest bar for the pair
sharing fewest words. Every pair is shown; none is singled out.
Method Wording differences — derived 13 September 2026
Method
Mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the lowercased word sets of the cleared translations of each verse. A verse is marked as worded differently when its score falls in the top third of the corpus — the cut set out in Analysis details.
As at
13 September 2026, 10:56 UTC
Gate
verify/divergence_gate.py re-derives and fails on drift
The platform does not say which is right, and does not
characterise what the difference means. The renderings are placed
together so the difference is visible; reading it is the reader's work.
7 sources
stand behind this page. Each is listed once, in the order the page first
cites it, with the licence it was cleared under and what was actually read.
Nothing on this page rests on a source that is not here.
Source Tanzil Qur'an text (Uthmani) · Uthmani, Version 1.1
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.
CLEARED. Licence read verbatim from the block embedded in this very file. Ingested exactly as shipped: no normalisation, no stripping of marks, no Unicode recomposition.
Parsed structurally from the EPUB: an h3 names the surah, one p per verse with its number in its own span. An unnumbered p is the basmala and is not a verse, except in surah 1 where the basmala IS verse 1. 112 unnumbered paragraphs were found, which is 114 surahs less surah 1 and surah 9. Text is stored VERBATIM: NFC normalisation and XML entity unescaping only, because CC BY-ND forbids modification.
CLEARED on a licence read first-hand from the translator's own download page, not from an aggregator. Tanzil also hosts this translation, but under a blanket "non-commercial purposes only" term that directs the user to the translator or publisher for permission - a hosting disclaimer, not a grant - so the grant was taken from the licensor directly. The "God" edition was ingested; ClearQuran also publishes an "Allah" edition, differing in how the divine name is rendered, which is not ingested.
CLEARED ON THE WORK, WITH TWO RECORDED CAVEATS ON THIS COPY. (1) Rights basis is the expired copyright term, NOT the redistributing repository's licence. That repository dedicates its contents to the public domain under the Unlicense while also redistributing plainly in-copyright translations (Abdel Haleem, Saheeh International, The Study Quran), so it is dedicating rights it cannot hold and its blanket grant is not relied upon here. (2) The file declares its own upstream as tanzil.net, and Tanzil attaches a non-commercial condition to its TRANSLATION distributions, though not to its Qur'anic text. Since Pickthall's copyright has expired, nobody holds rights in these words and no licence is required from anyone; Tanzil's terms are a contract binding those who download from Tanzil, which we did not. The chain is nonetheless not spotless and Anwar may prefer a clean digitisation of the 1930 printing. NOT VERIFIED: that this digital text matches the 1930 first printing rather than a later revised edition. No page images were collated. Recorded as unverified rather than presented as established. SERVED TEXT DIFFERS FROM THE CITED FILE AT ONE VERSE, 37:97: the file reads "red-hotfire" (a glued token, also in Gutenberg #16955); the served row reads "red-hot fire", restored 2026-09-13 from Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran (London: George Allen & Unwin, printed for Alfred A. Knopf; 1930), p. 460, XXXVII 97 - scan archive.org in.ernet.dli.2015.216140, PDF page 475; banked data/derivation-sources/pickthall-1930-dli-2015.216140-text.pdf (sha256 70e81146c97fa3a590243a82e04e349108546074787e2551a78c616202138870) on Anwar Malik's grant.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is not stated by the redistributor and the printing is unverified. No statement of purpose is recorded for Palmer because none was sourced from his own preface in this pass; nothing is asserted on his behalf.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. TWO edition caveats. (1) The upstream is not stated by the redistributor. (2) Rodwell's own edition PRESENTS THE SURAHS IN HIS OWN CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER, not the mushaf order — he says so in his preface. This digital text is keyed to mushaf order, so it derives from a restored-order printing (such as the Everyman edition) rather than from Rodwell's own arrangement. Which printing is not stated and has not been established.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is NOT STATED by the redistributor, so the printing it represents is unverified; Sale's text was reprinted and re-edited many times between 1734 and 1900. Recorded as unverified rather than assumed to be the first edition.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.
CLEARED. Parallel edition, held in ayah_text_variants. It sits alongside the Uthmani spine for search normalisation and is never used to correct it.