عَالَمِين AALAMIN Read the Qur'an in context Read the Qur'an

The verseSource fact

21:28

يَعْلَمُ مَا بَيْنَ أَيْدِيهِمْ وَمَا خَلْفَهُمْ وَلَا يَشْفَعُونَ إِلَّا لِمَنِ ٱرْتَضَىٰ وَهُم مِّنْ خَشْيَتِهِۦ مُشْفِقُونَ

Easy-read · not authoritative

Easy-read (simplified)ya'lamu maa bayna aydeehim wamaa khalfahum walaa yashfa'oona illaa limani rtadaa wahum min khashyatihi mushfiqoon

DIN 31635yaʿlamu mā bayna ʾaydīhim wamā ḫalfahum walā yašfaʿūna ʾillā limani rtaḍā wahum min ḫašyatihi mušfiqūna

EditionTanzil Qur'an text (Uthmani) ·Creative Commons Attribution 3.0

TranslationsSource fact

Marked words appear in this translation and in no other English translation of this verse. Common small words and older spellings are not marked. The marks show where the wording differs, not where the meaning does.

Talal Itani · published 2012

He knows what is before them, and what is behind them; and they do not intercede except for him whom He approves; and they tremble in awe of Him.

Translation Talal Itani, ClearQuran·Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International

Talal Itani, ClearQuran ·ClearQuran, "God" edition, EPUB·Talal Itani / ClearQuran.com ·Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International·retrieved 7 Sep 2026

Translation by Talal Itani, ClearQuran.com https://clearquran.com

Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall 1875–1936 · published 1930

He knoweth what is before them and what is behind them, and they cannot intercede except for him whom He accepteth, and they quake for awe of Him

Sources

Translation Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran·Public domain — copyright term expired

Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran ·1930 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work ·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026

Edward Henry Palmer 1840–1882 · published 1880

He knows what is before them, and what is behind them, and they shall not intercede except for him whom He is pleased with; and they shrink through fear

Sources

Translation Edward Henry Palmer, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired

Edward Henry Palmer, English translation of the Qur'an ·1880 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work ·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026

John Medows Rodwell 1808–1900 · published 1861

He knoweth what is before them and what is behind them; and no plea shall they offer Save for whom He pleaseth; and they tremble for fear of Him

Sources

Translation John Medows Rodwell, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired

John Medows Rodwell, English translation of the Qur'an ·1861 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work ·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026

George Sale 1697–1736 · published 1734

He knoweth that which is before them, and that which is behind them: They shall not intercede for any, except for whom it shall please Him; and they tremble for fear of Him

Sources

Translation George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired

George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an ·1734 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work ·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026

Other languages (18)
Shqip · Albanian

Ai e di të kaluarën e të ardhmen e tyre dhe ata mund të ndërmjetësojnë vetëm për atë që do Ai dhe ata ruhen për shkak të frikës ndaj Tij.

Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5

বাংলা · Bengali

তাদের সামনে ও পেছনে যা কিছু আছে, সবই তিনি (আল্লাহ) জানেন। আর তারা (ফিরিশতারা) শুধু তাদের জন্যই সুপারিশ করে, যাদের প্রতি তিনি সন্তুষ্ট। আর তারা তাঁর ভয়ে সর্বদা ভীত-সন্ত্রস্ত থাকে।

Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Dawah Association in Rabwah, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.2

Bosanski · Bosnian

On zna šta su radili i šta će uraditi, i oni će se samo za onog kojim On bude zadovoljan zauzimati, a oni su i sami, iz strahopoštovanja prema Njemu, brižni.

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 2.0.4

Hrvatski · Croatian

On zna što su radili i što će uraditi, i oni će se samo za onog kojim On bude zadovoljan zauzimati, a oni su i sami, iz strahopoštovanja prema Njemu, brižni.

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1

Fulfulde · Fulani

Homo Anndi ko woni ko yeeso maɓɓe e ko woni ko ɓaawo maɓɓe, ɓe tefanoytaa si wanaa on mo o Weltanii, kamɓe immorde e kulol makko ko ɓe jootuɓe.

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2

ქართული · Georgian

მან იცის, რაც მათ წინ აქვთ [ანგელოზებს] და რაც მათ უკან დარჩათ [მათი წარსული საქმეები], ისინი არ შუამდგომლობენ, გარდა იმისა, ვისითაც იგი [ალლაჰი] კმაყოფილია. და ისინი მის წინაშე შიშით ძრწიან.

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.7

Deutsch · German

Er weiß, was vor ihnen und was hinter ihnen liegt, und sie legen Fürsprache nur für denjenigen ein, dem Er zustimmt (und billigt). Und sie sind aus Furcht vor Ihm besorgt.

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.15

Ελληνικά · Greek

Γνωρίζει ό,τι έκαναν και ό,τι θα κάνουν. Δεν μπορούν να διαμεσολαβήσουν παρά μόνο για όποιον δέχεται (ο Αλλάχ). Και αυτοί λόγω του φόβου τους προς Αυτόν, είναι επιφυλακτικοί (στο να μην παρακούν καμία εντολή Του).

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2

हिन्दी · Hindi

वह जानता है, जो उनके सामने है और जो उनके पीछे है। और वे सिफ़ारिश नहीं करते, परंतु उसी के लिए जिसे वह पसंद[13] करे। तथा वे उसी के भय से डरने वाले हैं।

Translated by Azizul Haq Al-Omari

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.5

Italiano · Italian

Lui sa ciò che hanno tra le mani e ciò che è dietro di loro, e loro intercedono per colui di cui è compiaciuto, e sono sottomessi al suo timore.

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2

Lietuvių · Lithuanian

28. Jis žino, kas buvo anksčiau jų, ir kas yra po jų, ir jie negali užtarti (nieko), išskyrus tą, kuriuo Jis yra patenkintas. Ir jie stovi pagarbiai iš baimės Jam.

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.8

Afaan Oromoo · Oromo

Inni (Rabbiin) waan isaaniin duraatiifi waan isaan duubaas ni beeka, Nama Inni jaalateef malee isaan hin manguddooman, Isaan (ofiifuu) sodaa Isaa (Allaah) irraa rifatoodha.

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.0

Русский · Russian

Он знает, что перед ними и что позади них, и они не заступаются, кроме как за тех, кого Он одобрил. И они трепещут от страха перед Ним.

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1

Српски · Serbian

Он зна шта су радили и шта ће да ураде, и они се заузимају само за оног са којим је Он задовољан, а и сами су, из страхопоштовања према Њему, богобојазни.

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4

Kiswahili · Swahili

Anayajua yaliyo mbele yao na yaliyo nyuma yao. Wala hawamfanyii yeyote uombezi isipokuwa yule anayemridhia Yeye, nao kwa sababu ya kumhofu wanaogopa mno.

Issued by the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5

Svenska · Swedish

Han har full kännedom om deras tidigare och kommande handlingar. De kan endast medla för dem han är tillfreds med, och de bävar av djup vördnad inför honom.

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2

Türkçe · Turkish

Allah, onların önlerindekini de arkalarındakini de (yaptıklarını da yapacaklarını da) bilir. Onlar, O’nun razı olduğu kimselerden başkasına şefaat etmezler ve hepsi O’nun korkusuyla titrerler.

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4

اردو · Urdu

وه ان کے آگے پیچھے تمام امور سے واقف ہے وه کسی کی بھی سفارش نہیں کرتے بجز ان کے جن سے اللہ خوش ہو[1] وه تو خود ہیبت الٰہی سے لرزاں وترساں ہیں.

Translated by Muhammad Ibrahim Junagarhi, developed under the supervision of the Rowwad Translation Center. The original translation is available for the purpose of expressing opinion, evaluation, and continuous development.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.3

About these translations

5 cleared translations, newest first, by year of publication, so the modern English comes before the historical ones. That is an ordering by date, not a judgement. Each is shown complete — this platform never excerpts a translation — and each renders under its translator's name. No translation here is marked as the correct one.

Which translations appear here is set by copyright: they are the ones whose rights could be documented and cleared. The selection is not a judgement that these are the best.

About easy-read

Easy-read is a simplified pronunciation, not authoritative — a rule-by-rule romanisation, not a reading. Each verse ends in its pause form, as it is said when you stop there. Pauses inside a verse and other tajwid rules are not shown. It is derived from the Tanzil Simple edition, while the Arabic above is the Uthmani edition; both are cleared, but they are not the same edition and their orthography differs.

The verses around this oneSource fact

shown so it's never read alone

21:26

وَقَالُوا۟ ٱتَّخَذَ ٱلرَّحْمَٰنُ وَلَدًا سُبْحَٰنَهُۥ بَلْ عِبَادٌ مُّكْرَمُونَ

Easy-read · not authoritative

Easy-read (simplified)waqaaloo takhadha r-rahmaanu waladan subhaanahu bal 'ibaadun mukramoon

DIN 31635waqālū taḫaḏa r-raḥmānu waladan subḥānahu bal ʿibādun mukramūna

The translators word this verse differently

Talal Itani2012 And they say, "The Most Merciful has taken to himself a son." Be He glorified; they are but honored servants.

Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 And they say: The Beneficent hath taken unto Himself a son. Be He Glorified! Nay, but (those whom they call sons) are honoured slaves

Edward Henry Palmer1880 And they say, 'The Merciful has taken a son; celebrated be His praise!' - Nay, honoured servants

John Medows Rodwell1861 Yet they say, "The God of Mercy hath begotten issue from the angels." Glory be to Him! Nay, they are but His honoured servants

George Sale1734 They say, the Merciful hath begotten issue; and the angels are his daughters. God forbid! They are his honoured servants

21:27

لَا يَسْبِقُونَهُۥ بِٱلْقَوْلِ وَهُم بِأَمْرِهِۦ يَعْمَلُونَ

Easy-read · not authoritative

Easy-read (simplified)laa yasbiqoonahu bil-qawli wahum bi'amrihi ya'maloon

DIN 31635lā yasbiqūnahu bil-qawli wahum biʾamrihi yaʿmalūna

The translators word this verse differently

Talal Itani2012 They never speak before He has spoken, and they only act on His command.

Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 They speak not until He hath spoken, and they act by His command

Edward Henry Palmer1880 they do not speak until He speaks; but at His bidding do they act

John Medows Rodwell1861 They speak not till He hath spoken; and they do His bidding

George Sale1734 They prevent Him not in any thing which they say; and they execute his command

21:28 — the verse above

21:29

وَمَن يَقُلْ مِنْهُمْ إِنِّىٓ إِلَٰهٌ مِّن دُونِهِۦ فَذَٰلِكَ نَجْزِيهِ جَهَنَّمَ كَذَٰلِكَ نَجْزِى ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ

Easy-read · not authoritative

Easy-read (simplified)waman yaqul minhum innee ilaahun min doonihi fadhaalika najzeehi jahannama kadhaalika najzee z-zaalimeen

DIN 31635waman yaqul minhum ʾinnī ʾilāhun min dūnihi faḏālika naǧzīhi ǧahannama kaḏālika naǧzī ẓ-ẓālimīna

Talal Itani2012 And whoever of them says, "I am a god besides Him," We will reward him with Hell. Thus We reward the wrongdoers.

Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 And one of them who should say: Lo! I am a god beside Him, that one We should repay with hell. Thus We Repay wrong-doers

Edward Henry Palmer1880 And whoso of them should say, 'Verily, I am god instead of Him,' such a one we recompense with hell; thus do we recompense the wrongdoers

John Medows Rodwell1861 And that angel among them who saith "I am a god beside Him," will we recompense with hell: in such sort will we recompense the offenders

George Sale1734 Whoever of them shall say, I am a god besides Him; that angel will We reward with hell: For so will We reward the unjust

21:30

أَوَلَمْ يَرَ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوٓا۟ أَنَّ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلْأَرْضَ كَانَتَا رَتْقًا فَفَتَقْنَٰهُمَا وَجَعَلْنَا مِنَ ٱلْمَآءِ كُلَّ شَىْءٍ حَىٍّ أَفَلَا يُؤْمِنُونَ

Easy-read · not authoritative

Easy-read (simplified)awalam yara lladheena kafaroo anna s-samaawaati wal-'arda kaanataa ratqan fafataqnaahumaa waja'alnaa mina l-maa'i kulla shay'in hayyin afalaa yu'minoon

DIN 31635ʾawalam yara llaḏīna kafarū ʾanna s-samāwāti wal-ʾarḍa kānatā ratqan fafataqnāhumā waǧaʿalnā mina l-māʾi kulla šayʾin ḥayyin ʾafalā yuʾminūna

Talal Itani2012 Do the disbelievers not see that the heavens and the earth were one mass, and We tore them apart? And We made from water every living thing. Will they not believe?

Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 Have not those who disbelieve known that the heavens and the earth were of one piece, then We parted them, and we made every living thing of water? Will they not then believe

Edward Henry Palmer1880 Do not those who misbelieve see that the heavens and the earth were both solid, and we burst them asunder; and we made from water every living thing - will they then not believe

John Medows Rodwell1861 Do not the infidels see that the heavens and the earth were both a solid mass, and that we clave them asunder, and that by means of water we give life to everything? Will they not then believe

George Sale1734 Do not the unbelievers therefore know, that the heavens and the earth were solid, and We clave the same in sunder; and made every living thing of water? Will they not therefore believe

Sources

EditionTanzil Qur'an text (Uthmani) ·Uthmani, Version 1.1·Tanzil Project ·Creative Commons Attribution 3.0·retrieved 24 Aug 2026

Parallel edition — Simple, Version 1.1

يَعْلَمُ مَا بَيْنَ أَيْدِيهِمْ وَمَا خَلْفَهُمْ وَلَا يَشْفَعُونَ إِلَّا لِمَنِ ارْتَضَىٰ وَهُم مِّنْ خَشْيَتِهِ مُشْفِقُونَ

EditionTanzil Qur'an text (Simple) ·Simple, Version 1.1·Tanzil Project ·Creative Commons Attribution 3.0·retrieved 24 Aug 2026

Analysis detailsDerived

These figures count the words the translations share. They measure wording, not meaning, and they do not say which translation is right.

Derived measure: mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the lowercased word sets of the 5 renderings above — 0.49 on a scale where 0 means identical wording and 1 means no shared words. It is computed, not judged.

The page says a verse is worded differently only above the cut below. The cut is a stated convention, not a property of the text, and it can be changed.

The cut
0.644
Share of measured verses above it
33%
Verses above it
2,079
Verses measured
6,236
Edward Henry Palmer · John Medows Rodwell 0.55
Talal Itani · John Medows Rodwell 0.55
Edward Henry Palmer · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall 0.52
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · John Medows Rodwell 0.52
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · George Sale 0.50
Edward Henry Palmer · George Sale 0.48
John Medows Rodwell · George Sale 0.48
Talal Itani · George Sale 0.48
Talal Itani · Edward Henry Palmer 0.44
Talal Itani · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall 0.40

One bar per pair of renderings, longest bar for the pair sharing fewest words. Every pair is shown; none is singled out.

Method Wording differences — derived 13 September 2026
Method
Mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the lowercased word sets of the cleared translations of each verse. A verse is marked as worded differently when its score falls in the top third of the corpus — the cut set out in Analysis details.
As at
13 September 2026, 10:56 UTC
Gate
verify/divergence_gate.py re-derives and fails on drift

The platform does not say which is right, and does not characterise what the difference means. The renderings are placed together so the difference is visible; reading it is the reader's work.

Easy-read

SourceTanzil Qur'an text (Simple) ·Simple, Version 1.1·Tanzil Project ·Creative Commons Attribution 3.0·retrieved 24 Aug 2026

SourceTanzil Qur'an text (Simple) ·Simple, Version 1.1·Tanzil Project ·Creative Commons Attribution 3.0·retrieved 24 Aug 2026

ReceiptsSource fact

7 sources stand behind this page. Each is listed once, in the order the page first cites it, with the licence it was cleared under and what was actually read. Nothing on this page rests on a source that is not here.

Source Tanzil Qur'an text (Uthmani) · Uthmani, Version 1.1
Edition
Uthmani, Version 1.1
Custodian
Tanzil Project
Layer
canonical text
Licence
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0
Licence URL
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Commercial use
yes
Modification
contradictory
Licence text
read verbatim
Review state
cleared
Retrieved
24 August 2026
Digest
203f0f1bf3158b1e5be4ab9f8f6870e5…
Located at
https://tanzil.net/pub/download/index.php?quranType=uthmani&outType=xml
Convention
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.

CLEARED. Licence read verbatim from the block embedded in this very file. Ingested exactly as shipped: no normalisation, no stripping of marks, no Unicode recomposition.

Every source and rights decision →

Source Talal Itani, ClearQuran · ClearQuran, "God" edition, EPUB
Edition
ClearQuran, "God" edition, EPUB
Custodian
Talal Itani / ClearQuran.com
Layer
translation
Licence
Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
Licence URL
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/
Commercial use
yes
Modification
no
Licence text
terms page read
Review state
cleared
Retrieved
7 September 2026
Digest
70b0a8bb6f862f43670f7da1c0da59a4…
Located at
https://www.clearquran.com/downloads/quran-in-english-clearquran.epub
Convention
Parsed structurally from the EPUB: an h3 names the surah, one p per verse with its number in its own span. An unnumbered p is the basmala and is not a verse, except in surah 1 where the basmala IS verse 1. 112 unnumbered paragraphs were found, which is 114 surahs less surah 1 and surah 9. Text is stored VERBATIM: NFC normalisation and XML entity unescaping only, because CC BY-ND forbids modification.

CLEARED on a licence read first-hand from the translator's own download page, not from an aggregator. Tanzil also hosts this translation, but under a blanket "non-commercial purposes only" term that directs the user to the translator or publisher for permission - a hosting disclaimer, not a grant - so the grant was taken from the licensor directly. The "God" edition was ingested; ClearQuran also publishes an "Allah" edition, differing in how the divine name is rendered, which is not ingested.

Every source and rights decision →

Source Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran · 1930 translation, digital edition of unverified printing
Edition
1930 translation, digital edition of unverified printing
Custodian
None — public domain work
Layer
translation
Licence
Public domain — copyright term expired
Licence URL
— none published —
Commercial use
yes
Modification
yes
Licence text
not applicable — no licence exists
Review state
cleared
Retrieved
24 August 2026
Digest
aaff752d4349005282d977eebb863982…
Located at
https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/fawazahmed0/quran-api@6be8e17f2a0c13b1f33b1c3057f73cb28d5e848e/editions/eng-mohammedmarmadu.json

CLEARED ON THE WORK, WITH TWO RECORDED CAVEATS ON THIS COPY. (1) Rights basis is the expired copyright term, NOT the redistributing repository's licence. That repository dedicates its contents to the public domain under the Unlicense while also redistributing plainly in-copyright translations (Abdel Haleem, Saheeh International, The Study Quran), so it is dedicating rights it cannot hold and its blanket grant is not relied upon here. (2) The file declares its own upstream as tanzil.net, and Tanzil attaches a non-commercial condition to its TRANSLATION distributions, though not to its Qur'anic text. Since Pickthall's copyright has expired, nobody holds rights in these words and no licence is required from anyone; Tanzil's terms are a contract binding those who download from Tanzil, which we did not. The chain is nonetheless not spotless and Anwar may prefer a clean digitisation of the 1930 printing. NOT VERIFIED: that this digital text matches the 1930 first printing rather than a later revised edition. No page images were collated. Recorded as unverified rather than presented as established. SERVED TEXT DIFFERS FROM THE CITED FILE AT ONE VERSE, 37:97: the file reads "red-hotfire" (a glued token, also in Gutenberg #16955); the served row reads "red-hot fire", restored 2026-09-13 from Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran (London: George Allen & Unwin, printed for Alfred A. Knopf; 1930), p. 460, XXXVII 97 - scan archive.org in.ernet.dli.2015.216140, PDF page 475; banked data/derivation-sources/pickthall-1930-dli-2015.216140-text.pdf (sha256 70e81146c97fa3a590243a82e04e349108546074787e2551a78c616202138870) on Anwar Malik's grant.

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Source Edward Henry Palmer, English translation of the Qur'an · 1880 translation, digital edition of unverified printing
Edition
1880 translation, digital edition of unverified printing
Custodian
None — public domain work
Layer
translation
Licence
Public domain — copyright term expired
Licence URL
— none published —
Commercial use
yes
Modification
yes
Licence text
not applicable — no licence exists
Review state
cleared
Retrieved
24 August 2026
Digest
32b2330e332339ace53509539efe9040…
Located at
https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/fawazahmed0/quran-api@6be8e17f2a0c13b1f33b1c3057f73cb28d5e848e/editions/eng-edwardhenrypalm.json
Convention
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.

CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is not stated by the redistributor and the printing is unverified. No statement of purpose is recorded for Palmer because none was sourced from his own preface in this pass; nothing is asserted on his behalf.

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Source John Medows Rodwell, English translation of the Qur'an · 1861 translation, digital edition of unverified printing
Edition
1861 translation, digital edition of unverified printing
Custodian
None — public domain work
Layer
translation
Licence
Public domain — copyright term expired
Licence URL
— none published —
Commercial use
yes
Modification
yes
Licence text
not applicable — no licence exists
Review state
cleared
Retrieved
24 August 2026
Digest
91423dea6a6dccc192457870ed2c08fb…
Located at
https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/fawazahmed0/quran-api@6be8e17f2a0c13b1f33b1c3057f73cb28d5e848e/editions/eng-johnmedowsrodwe.json
Convention
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.

CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. TWO edition caveats. (1) The upstream is not stated by the redistributor. (2) Rodwell's own edition PRESENTS THE SURAHS IN HIS OWN CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER, not the mushaf order — he says so in his preface. This digital text is keyed to mushaf order, so it derives from a restored-order printing (such as the Everyman edition) rather than from Rodwell's own arrangement. Which printing is not stated and has not been established.

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Source George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an · 1734 translation, digital edition of unverified printing
Edition
1734 translation, digital edition of unverified printing
Custodian
None — public domain work
Layer
translation
Licence
Public domain — copyright term expired
Licence URL
— none published —
Commercial use
yes
Modification
yes
Licence text
not applicable — no licence exists
Review state
cleared
Retrieved
24 August 2026
Digest
05b679f5df49b0579e65f4b83b4c7235…
Located at
https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/fawazahmed0/quran-api@6be8e17f2a0c13b1f33b1c3057f73cb28d5e848e/editions/eng-georgesale.json
Convention
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.

CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is NOT STATED by the redistributor, so the printing it represents is unverified; Sale's text was reprinted and re-edited many times between 1734 and 1900. Recorded as unverified rather than assumed to be the first edition.

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Source Tanzil Qur'an text (Simple) · Simple, Version 1.1
Edition
Simple, Version 1.1
Custodian
Tanzil Project
Layer
canonical text
Licence
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0
Licence URL
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Commercial use
yes
Modification
contradictory
Licence text
read verbatim
Review state
cleared
Retrieved
24 August 2026
Digest
d9b5bad94e4725191aa8da9a0404bd8e…
Located at
https://tanzil.net/pub/download/index.php?quranType=simple&outType=xml
Convention
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.

CLEARED. Parallel edition, held in ayah_text_variants. It sits alongside the Uthmani spine for search normalisation and is never used to correct it.

Every source and rights decision →

Every source and rights decision →

How to read this page

Source fact Derived link Editorial
Source fact
Text as a named source gives it. The platform is transcribing, not speaking.
Derived link
Produced by a query over data we hold. Reproducible, and its method is stated.
Editorial
Written by a named editor. Not a translation and not a source. The only place this platform speaks in its own voice, and it is signed.

Qur'anic text from the Tanzil Project. Copyright (C) 2007-2026 Tanzil Project License: Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Source: tanzil.net · Updates: tanzil.net/updates/ https://tanzil.net/updates/