7 sources
stand behind this page. Each is listed once, in the order the page first
cites it, with the licence it was cleared under and what was actually read.
Nothing on this page rests on a source that is not here.
Source Tanzil Qur'an text (Uthmani) · Uthmani, Version 1.1
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.
CLEARED. Licence read verbatim from the block embedded in this very file. Ingested exactly as shipped: no normalisation, no stripping of marks, no Unicode recomposition.
Parsed structurally from the EPUB: an h3 names the surah, one p per verse with its number in its own span. An unnumbered p is the basmala and is not a verse, except in surah 1 where the basmala IS verse 1. 112 unnumbered paragraphs were found, which is 114 surahs less surah 1 and surah 9. Text is stored VERBATIM: NFC normalisation and XML entity unescaping only, because CC BY-ND forbids modification.
CLEARED on a licence read first-hand from the translator's own download page, not from an aggregator. Tanzil also hosts this translation, but under a blanket "non-commercial purposes only" term that directs the user to the translator or publisher for permission - a hosting disclaimer, not a grant - so the grant was taken from the licensor directly. The "God" edition was ingested; ClearQuran also publishes an "Allah" edition, differing in how the divine name is rendered, which is not ingested.
CLEARED ON THE WORK, WITH TWO RECORDED CAVEATS ON THIS COPY. (1) Rights basis is the expired copyright term, NOT the redistributing repository's licence. That repository dedicates its contents to the public domain under the Unlicense while also redistributing plainly in-copyright translations (Abdel Haleem, Saheeh International, The Study Quran), so it is dedicating rights it cannot hold and its blanket grant is not relied upon here. (2) The file declares its own upstream as tanzil.net, and Tanzil attaches a non-commercial condition to its TRANSLATION distributions, though not to its Qur'anic text. Since Pickthall's copyright has expired, nobody holds rights in these words and no licence is required from anyone; Tanzil's terms are a contract binding those who download from Tanzil, which we did not. The chain is nonetheless not spotless and Anwar may prefer a clean digitisation of the 1930 printing. NOT VERIFIED: that this digital text matches the 1930 first printing rather than a later revised edition. No page images were collated. Recorded as unverified rather than presented as established. SERVED TEXT DIFFERS FROM THE CITED FILE AT ONE VERSE, 37:97: the file reads "red-hotfire" (a glued token, also in Gutenberg #16955); the served row reads "red-hot fire", restored 2026-09-13 from Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran (London: George Allen & Unwin, printed for Alfred A. Knopf; 1930), p. 460, XXXVII 97 - scan archive.org in.ernet.dli.2015.216140, PDF page 475; banked data/derivation-sources/pickthall-1930-dli-2015.216140-text.pdf (sha256 70e81146c97fa3a590243a82e04e349108546074787e2551a78c616202138870) on Anwar Malik's grant.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is not stated by the redistributor and the printing is unverified. No statement of purpose is recorded for Palmer because none was sourced from his own preface in this pass; nothing is asserted on his behalf.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. TWO edition caveats. (1) The upstream is not stated by the redistributor. (2) Rodwell's own edition PRESENTS THE SURAHS IN HIS OWN CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER, not the mushaf order — he says so in his preface. This digital text is keyed to mushaf order, so it derives from a restored-order printing (such as the Everyman edition) rather than from Rodwell's own arrangement. Which printing is not stated and has not been established.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is NOT STATED by the redistributor, so the printing it represents is unverified; Sale's text was reprinted and re-edited many times between 1734 and 1900. Recorded as unverified rather than assumed to be the first edition.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.
CLEARED. Parallel edition, held in ayah_text_variants. It sits alongside the Uthmani spine for search normalisation and is never used to correct it.
Marked words appear in this translation and in no other English translation of this verse. Common small words and older spellings are not marked. The marks show where the wording differs, not where the meaning does.
Talal Itani· published 2012
Do the disbelievers not see that the heavens and the earth were one mass, and We tore them apart? And We made from water every living thing. Will they not believe?
Translation Talal Itani, ClearQuran·Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1875–1936 · published 1930
Have not those who disbelieveknown that the heavens and the earth were of one piece, then We parted them, and we made every living thing of water? Will they not then believe
Sources
Translation Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran·Public domain — copyright term expired
Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran·1930 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work
·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026
Edward Henry Palmer1840–1882 · published 1880
Do not those who misbelieve see that the heavens and the earth were both solid, and we burst them asunder; and we made from water every living thing - will they then not believe
Sources
Translation Edward Henry Palmer, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
Do not the infidels see that the heavens and the earth were both a solid mass, and that we clave them asunder, and that by means of water we givelife to everything? Will they not then believe
Sources
Translation John Medows Rodwell, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
Do not the unbelievers therefore know, that the heavens and the earth were solid, and We clave the same in sunder; and made every living thing of water? Will they not therefore believe
Sources
Translation George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an·1734 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work
·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026
Other languages (18)Shqip · Albanian
A nuk e dinë jobesimtarët se qiejt dhe Toka ishin të ngjitura e Ne i ndamë dhe bëmë nga uji çdo gjë të gjallë?! A nuk besojnë?!
Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5
বাংলা · Bengali
যারা কুফরী করে, তারা কি ভেবে দেখে না যে, আসমানসমূহ ও জমিন (প্রথমেই) একটির সাথে অন্যটি লাগানো ছিলো, অতঃপর আমি উভয়কে পৃথক করে দিলাম। আর আমি সকল প্রাণবান জিনিসকে পানি থেকে সৃষ্টি করলাম। তবুও কি তারা (এ থেকে শিক্ষা গ্রহণ করে) ঈমান আনবে না?
Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Dawah Association in Rabwah, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.2
Bosanski · Bosnian
Zar ne znaju nevjernici da su nebesa i Zemlja bili jedna cjelina, pa smo ih Mi raskomadali, i da Mi od vode sve živo stvaramo? I zar neće vjerovati?
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 2.0.4
Hrvatski · Croatian
Zar ne znaju nevjernici da su nebesa i Zemlja bili jedna cjelina, pa smo ih Mi raskomadali, i da Mi od vode sve živo stvaramo? I zar neće vjerovati?
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1
Fulfulde · Fulani
Enee, ɓen yedduɓe yiaani won'dema kammuuji ɗi e leydi ndi ɗi laatinoke kippondirɗi, Min ngudditi ɗi Min mbaɗi immorde e ndiyam ɗam kala hu'unde wuuru nde. Kaa ɓe ngonɗintaa?
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
ქართული · Georgian
ნუთუ ვერ ხედავენ ისინი, რომლებიც ურწმუნოებად იქცნენ, რომ ცანი და დედამიწა ერთ მთლიანობას წარმოადგენდნენ, ხოლო ჩვენ ისინი გავყავით [ცანი და დედამიწა] (და მოვაწყვეთ შვიდ ცად და შვიდ მიწად)? და ყოველი ცოცხალი არსება წყლისგან შევქმენით. ნუთუ არ ირწმუნებენ?!
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.7
Deutsch · German
Haben denn diejenigen, die ungläubig sind, nicht gesehen, dass die Himmel und die Erde eine zusammenhängende Masse waren? Da haben Wir sie getrennt und aus dem Wasser alles Lebendige gemacht. Wollen sie denn nicht glauben?
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.15
Ελληνικά · Greek
Δε βλέπουν (και δε γνωρίζουν) οι άπιστοι πως οι ουρανοί και η Γη ήταν κολλημένοι (σαν μία ενιαία οντότητα), και έπειτα τους χωρίσαμε! Και από το νερό δημιουργήσαμε κάθε ζωντανό ον. Δε θα πιστέψουν λοιπόν;
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
हिन्दी · Hindi
क्या जिन लोगों ने कुफ़्र किया यह नहीं देखा कि आकाश और धरती दोनों मिले हुए[14] थे, फिर हमने दोनों को अलग-अलग कर दिया, तथा हमने पानी से हर जीवित चीज़ को बनाया? तो क्या ये लोग ईमान नहीं लाते?
Translated by Azizul Haq Al-Omari
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.5
Italiano · Italian
Ma non vedono i miscredenti che in verità i cieli e la terra erano una sola entità, poi li abbiamo separati? E che abbiamo creato dall’acqua ogni essere vivente? Non ci credono?
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
Lietuvių · Lithuanian
30. Argi tie, kurie netiki, nežinojo, kad dangūs ir žemė buvo sujungti kartu į vieną nedalomą dalį, tada Mes padalinome juos? Ir Mes sukūrėme iš vandens kiekvieną gyvą dalyką. Argi tada jie netikės?
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.8
Afaan Oromoo · Oromo
Sila isaan kafaran akka samiileefi dachiin walitti maxxantuu turanii, ergasii addaan isaan baafne hin beekanii? Bishaan irraa lubbu qabeeyyii hunda ni uumne, Sila hin amananii?
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.0
Русский · Russian
Неужели те, которые отвергли веру, не видели, что небеса и земля были единым целым, а Мы разъединили их и создали из воды всё живое? Неужели они не уверуют?
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1
Српски · Serbian
Зар не знају неверници да су небеса и Земља били једна целина, па смо их Ми раздвојили, и да Ми од воде све живо стварамо?! И зар неће да верују?!
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4
Kiswahili · Swahili
Je, hao waliokufuru hawakuona kwamba mbingu na ardhi zilikuwa zimeambatana, kisha Sisi tukazibandua? Na tukafanya kwa maji kila kilicho hai? Basi je, hawaamini?
Issued by the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5
Svenska · Swedish
Såg inte de otrogna hur himlarna och jorden var slutna [i torka och ofruktbarhet] tills vi öppnade dem [genom regn och grönska]? Och genom vattnet frambringar vi allt levande. Varför tror de då inte?
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
Türkçe · Turkish
Kâfirler, görmez mi ki gökler ve yer birleşik iken onları (biz) ayırdık ve her şeye sudan hayat verdik. Hâlâ iman etmezler mi?
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4
اردو · Urdu
کیا کافر لوگوں نے یہ نہیں دیکھا[1] کہ آسمان وزمین باہم ملے جلے تھے پھر ہم نے انہیں جدا کیا[2] اور ہر زنده چیز کو ہم نے پانی سے پیدا کیا[3]، کیا یہ لوگ پھر بھی ایمان نہیں ﻻتے.
Translated by Muhammad Ibrahim Junagarhi, developed under the supervision of the Rowwad Translation Center. The original translation is available for the purpose of expressing opinion, evaluation, and continuous development.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.3
About these translations
5 cleared translations, newest first, by year of publication, so the modern English comes before the historical ones. That is an ordering by date, not a judgement. Each is shown complete — this platform never excerpts a translation — and each renders under its translator's name. No translation here is marked as the correct one.
Which translations appear here is set by copyright: they are the ones whose rights could be documented and cleared. The selection is not a judgement that these are the best.
About easy-read
Easy-read
Easy-read is a simplified pronunciation,
not authoritative — a rule-by-rule romanisation, not a reading.
Each verse ends in its pause form, as it is said when you stop there. Pauses inside a verse and other tajwid rules are not shown. It is derived from the Tanzil
Simple edition, while the Arabic above is the
Uthmani edition; both are cleared, but they are not the
same edition and their orthography differs.
Easy-read (simplified)ya'lamu maa bayna aydeehim wamaa khalfahum walaa yashfa'oona illaa limani rtadaa wahum min khashyatihi mushfiqoon
DIN 31635yaʿlamu mā bayna ʾaydīhim wamā ḫalfahum walā yašfaʿūna ʾillā limani rtaḍā wahum min ḫašyatihi mušfiqūna
Talal Itani2012 He knows what is before them, and what is behind them; and they do not intercede except for him whom He approves; and they tremble in awe of Him.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 He knoweth what is before them and what is behind them, and they cannot intercede except for him whom He accepteth, and they quake for awe of Him
Edward Henry Palmer1880 He knows what is before them, and what is behind them, and they shall not intercede except for him whom He is pleased with; and they shrink through fear
John Medows Rodwell1861 He knoweth what is before them and what is behind them; and no plea shall they offer Save for whom He pleaseth; and they tremble for fear of Him
George Sale1734 He knoweth that which is before them, and that which is behind them: They shall not intercede for any, except for whom it shall please Him; and they tremble for fear of Him
DIN 31635waman yaqul minhum ʾinnī ʾilāhun min dūnihi faḏālika naǧzīhi ǧahannama kaḏālika naǧzī ẓ-ẓālimīna
Talal Itani2012 And whoever of them says, "I am a god besides Him," We will reward him with Hell. Thus We reward the wrongdoers.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 And one of them who should say: Lo! I am a god beside Him, that one We should repay with hell. Thus We Repay wrong-doers
Edward Henry Palmer1880 And whoso of them should say, 'Verily, I am god instead of Him,' such a one we recompense with hell; thus do we recompense the wrongdoers
John Medows Rodwell1861 And that angel among them who saith "I am a god beside Him," will we recompense with hell: in such sort will we recompense the offenders
George Sale1734 Whoever of them shall say, I am a god besides Him; that angel will We reward with hell: For so will We reward the unjust
Talal Itani2012 And We placed on earth stabilizers, lest it sways with them, and We placed therein signposts and passages, that they may be guided.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 And We have placed in the earth firm hills lest it quake with them, and We have placed therein ravines as roads that haply they may find their way
Edward Henry Palmer1880 And we placed on the earth firm mountains lest it should move with them, and He made therein open roads for paths, haply they may be guided
John Medows Rodwell1861 And we set mountains on the earth lest it should move with them, and we made on it broad passages between them as routes for their guidance
George Sale1734 And We placed stable mountains on the earth, lest it should move with them; and We made broad passages between them for paths, that they might be directed in their journeys
DIN 31635waǧaʿalnā s-samāʾa saqfan maḥfūẓan wahum ʿan ʾāyātihā muʿriḍūna
Talal Itani2012 And We made the sky a protected ceiling; yet they turn away from its wonders.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 And we have made the sky a roof withheld (from them). Yet they turn away from its portents
Edward Henry Palmer1880 and we made the heaven a guarded roof; yet from our signs they turn aside
John Medows Rodwell1861 And we made the heaven a roof strongly upholden; yet turn they away from its signs
George Sale1734 And We made the heaven a roof well supported. Yet they turn aside from the signs thereof, not considering that they are the workmanship of God
These figures count the words the translations share. They measure wording, not meaning, and they do not say which translation is right.
Derived measure: mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the
lowercased word sets of the 5 renderings above —
0.52 on a scale
where 0 means identical wording and 1 means no shared words. It is
computed, not judged.
The page says a verse is worded differently only above the cut below. The cut is a stated convention, not a property of the text, and it can be changed.
The cut
0.644
Share of measured verses above it
33%
Verses above it
2,079
Verses measured
6,236
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · John Medows Rodwell0.64
John Medows Rodwell · George Sale0.60
Talal Itani · John Medows Rodwell0.59
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · George Sale0.53
Edward Henry Palmer · John Medows Rodwell0.51
Edward Henry Palmer · George Sale0.50
Talal Itani · George Sale0.50
Talal Itani · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall0.47
Edward Henry Palmer · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall0.43
Talal Itani · Edward Henry Palmer0.39
One bar per pair of renderings, longest bar for the pair
sharing fewest words. Every pair is shown; none is singled out.
Method Wording differences — derived 13 September 2026
Method
Mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the lowercased word sets of the cleared translations of each verse. A verse is marked as worded differently when its score falls in the top third of the corpus — the cut set out in Analysis details.
As at
13 September 2026, 10:56 UTC
Gate
verify/divergence_gate.py re-derives and fails on drift
The platform does not say which is right, and does not
characterise what the difference means. The renderings are placed
together so the difference is visible; reading it is the reader's work.