Marked words appear in this translation and in no other English translation of this verse. Common small words and older spellings are not marked. The marks show where the wording differs, not where the meaning does.
Talal Itani· published 2012
He said, "I want to marry you to one of these two daughters of mine, provided you work for me for eight years. But if you complete ten, that is up to you. I do not intend to impose any hardship on you. You will find me, God willing, one of the righteous."
Translation Talal Itani, ClearQuran·Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1875–1936 · published 1930
He said: Lo! I fain would marry thee to one of these two daughters of mine on condition that thou hirest thyself to me for (the term of) eight pilgrimages. Then if thou completest ten it will be of thine own accord, for I would not make it hard for thee. Allah willing, thou wilt find me of the righteous
Sources
Translation Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran·Public domain — copyright term expired
Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran·1930 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work
·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026
Edward Henry Palmer1840–1882 · published 1880
Said he, 'Verily, I desire to marry thee to one of these daughters of mine, on condition that thou dost serve me for hire eight years; and if thou shalt fulfil ten it is of thyself; for I do not wish to make it wretched for thee; thou wilt find me, if it please God, of the righteous
Sources
Translation Edward Henry Palmer, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
He said, "Truly to one of these my two daughters I desire to marry thee, if for eight years thou wilt be my hired servant: and if thou fulfil ten, it shall be of thine own accord, for I wish not to dealhardly with thee. Thou wilt find me, if God will, one of the upright
Sources
Translation John Medows Rodwell, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
And Shoaib said unto Moses, verily I will give thee one of these my two daughters in marriage, on condition that thou serve me for hire eight years: And if thou fulfill ten years, it is in thine own breast; for I seek not to impose a hardship on thee: And thou shalt find me, if God please, a man of probity
Sources
Translation George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an·1734 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work
·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026
Other languages (18)Shqip · Albanian
Ai i tha: "Unë dua të të jap për grua njërën nga këto dy vajzat e mia, me kusht që të më shërbesh tetë vjet. Por, nëse i plotëson dhjetë, ajo është prej teje. Unë nuk dua të ta rëndoj. Ti do të më gjesh mua, në dashtë Allahu, prej të mirëve."
Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5
বাংলা · Bengali
সে (তাদের পিতা) বললো: ‘আমি আমার এই কন্যাদ্বয়ের একজনকে তোমার সাথে বিয়ে দিতে চাই এই শর্তে যে, (মোহর হবে) তুমি আট বছর আমার মজুরী করবে।(৫) আর যদি তুমি দশ বছর পূর্ণ কর, তবে সেটা তোমার ইচ্ছে। আমি তোমাকে কষ্ট দিতে চাই না। তুমি ইন শা আল্লাহ আমাকে সৎকর্মপরায়ণদের অন্তর্ভুক্ত পাবে।’
Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Dawah Association in Rabwah, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.2
Bosanski · Bosnian
“Ja te želim oženiti jednom od ove dvije kćeri moje”, reče on, “ali trebaš me osam godina služiti. A ako deset napuniš, bit će dobra volja tvoja, a ja te ne želim na to siliti. Ti ćeš vidjeti, ako Bog da, da sam dobar.”
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 2.0.4
Hrvatski · Croatian
“Ja te želim oženiti jednom od ove dvije kćeri moje”, reče on, “ali trebaš me osam godina služiti. A ako deset napuniš, bit će dobra volja tvoja, a ja te ne želim na to siliti. Ti ćeš vidjeti, ako Bog da, da sam dobar.”
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1
Fulfulde · Fulani
[Mawɗo] on maaki: "Miɗo yiɗi desingol ma gooto e jiwɓe am ɓen ɗoo ɗiɗo, e hoore yo a golla-nam duuɓi jeetati. Si a timminii sappo, haray ko e sago maa; mi faalaaka saɗtinannde ma. A tawat kam, si Alla jaɓii, ko e moƴƴinooɓe ɓen mi jeyaa".
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
ქართული · Georgian
[მათმა მამამ] უთხრა [მუსას]: «ჭეშმმარიტად, მინდა, რომ ჩემს ორ ქალთაგან ერთ-ერთი შეგრთო იმ [პირობით], რომ შენ ჯამაგირობას გამიწევ [პირუტყვის მწყემსად] რვა წელს. ხოლო თუ ათ წელს შეასრულებ, ეს [იქნება] შენს მიერ გამოჩენილი [სიკეთე]. და მე არ მსურს გაგიძნელო, შენ მნახავ თუ ალლაჰი ინებებს, მართალთაგანს».
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.7
Deutsch · German
Er sagte: „Ich will dich mit einer dieser meiner beiden Töchter verheiraten unter der Bedingung, dass du acht Jahre in meinen Dienst trittst. Solltest du sie dann (sogar) auf zehn (Jahre) vollenden, dann steht dir das (frei) zu. Und ich will dir keine Härte auferlegen. Du wirst mich, so Allah will, als einen der Rechtschaffenen (vor)finden.“
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.15
Ελληνικά · Greek
Είπε: «Θα ήθελα να σε παντρέψω με μία απ' αυτές τις δύο κόρες μου, με τον όρο ότι θα δουλεύεις για μένα (φροντίζοντας τα κοπάδια μου) για οκτώ χρόνια· μα αν συμπληρώσεις δέκα χρόνια, αυτό θα ήταν μία χάρη από σένα, και δε θέλω να σε επιβαρύνω (με το να σου ζητήσω να είναι δέκα χρόνια). Θα με βρεις, αν το θέλει ο Αλλάχ, να είμαι ένας από τους ενάρετους (στην εκπλήρωση των καθηκόντων μου).»
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
हिन्दी · Hindi
उसने कहा : निःसंदेह मैं चाहता हूँ कि अपनी इन दो बेटियों में से एक का विवाह तुमसे कर दूँ, इस (शर्त) पर कि तुम आठ वर्ष मेरी मज़दूरी करोगे। फिर यदि तुम दस (वर्ष) पूरे कर दो, तो वह तुम्हारी ओर से है और मैं नहीं चाहता कि तुमपर बोझ डालूँ। यदि अल्लाह ने चाहा, तो तुम मुझे सदाचारियों में से पाओगे।
Translated by Azizul Haq Al-Omari
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.5
Italiano · Italian
Disse: «In verità vorrei farti sposare una di queste mie figlie a condizione che tu mi serva per otto anni; ma se ne compirai dieci, sarà a tuo piacere, e non voglio aggravarti col lavoro: troverai in me, se Allāh vorrà, un benefattore».
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
Lietuvių · Lithuanian
27. Jis tarė: „Aš ketinu ištekinti vieną iš šių savo dukterų už tavęs, jei išdirbsi man aštuonis metus, tačiau jei tu išbaigsi dešimt metų, tai bus (malonė) nuo tavęs. Tačiau aš neketinu suteikti tau sunkumų. Jei Allahas panorės, tu rasi mane esantį iš teisingųjų.“
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.8
Afaan Oromoo · Oromo
[Inni] ni jedhe: “Ani takkaa shamarree too tana lamaanii sitti heerumsiisuun fedha woggaa saddeet na tajaajiluu kee irratti, Kudhan yoo guutte [sun tola] si biraa ta’e; sirratti jabeessuu hin fedhu. Yoo Rabbiin fedhe gaggaarii irraa ta’uu na arguuf jirta.” [5]
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.0
Русский · Russian
Он сказал: «Воистину, я хочу заключить твой брак с одной из этих двух моих дочерей, с условием, что ты наймёшься ко мне на восемь лет. А если ты доведёшь до десяти, так это от тебя. И я не хочу затруднять тебя. Ты убедишься, если пожелает Аллах, что я — из числа праведных».
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1
Српски · Serbian
„Ја желим да те оженим једном од ове моје две кћери“, рече он, „али треба да ме служиш осам година; а ако напуниш десет биће твоја добра воља, а ја не желим да те на то силим; ти ћеш видети, ако Аллах да, да сам добар.“
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4
Kiswahili · Swahili
Akasema, "Hakika mimi ninataka kukuoza mmojawapo katika binti zangu hawa wawili kwa sharti kwamba unitumikie miaka minane. Lakini ukitimiza kumi, basi hiari ni yako. Nami sitaki kukutaabisha. Mwenyezi Mungu akipenda (Inshallah), utanikuta miongoni mwa watu wema."
Issued by the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5
Svenska · Swedish
[Fadern] sa: ”Jag önskar att du gifter dig med en av mina döttrar mot att du arbetar för mig i åtta år, och om du vill får du gärna fullgöra tio. Jag vill inte göra det svårt för dig, och om Gud vill ska du se att jag är en ärlig man.”
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
Türkçe · Turkish
“Ben, sekiz yıl bana ücretle çalışman karşılığında şu iki kızımdan birini sana nikâhlamak istiyorum. Eğer bunu on yıla tamamlarsan da, bu sendendir. Sana zorluk çıkarmak istemem. İnşallah beni, salih kimselerden bulacaksın.” dedi.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4
اردو · Urdu
اس بزرگ نے کہا میں اپنی ان دونوں لڑکیوں میں سے ایک کو آپ کے نکاح میں دینا چاہتا ہوں[1] اس (مہر پر) کہ آپ آٹھ سال تک میرا کام کاج کریں[2]۔ ہاں اگر آپ دس سال پورے کریں تو یہ آپ کی طرف سے بطور احسان کے ہے میں یہ ہرگز نہیں چاہتا کہ آپ کو کسی مشقت میں ڈالوں[3]، اللہ کو منظور ہے تو آگے چل کر آپ مجھے بھلا آدمی پائیں گے.[4]
Translated by Muhammad Ibrahim Junagarhi, developed under the supervision of the Rowwad Translation Center. The original translation is available for the purpose of expressing opinion, evaluation, and continuous development.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.3
About these translations
5 cleared translations, newest first, by year of publication, so the modern English comes before the historical ones. That is an ordering by date, not a judgement. Each is shown complete — this platform never excerpts a translation — and each renders under its translator's name. No translation here is marked as the correct one.
Which translations appear here is set by copyright: they are the ones whose rights could be documented and cleared. The selection is not a judgement that these are the best.
About easy-read
Easy-read
Easy-read is a simplified pronunciation,
not authoritative — a rule-by-rule romanisation, not a reading.
Each verse ends in its pause form, as it is said when you stop there. Pauses inside a verse and other tajwid rules are not shown. It is derived from the Tanzil
Simple edition, while the Arabic above is the
Uthmani edition; both are cleared, but they are not the
same edition and their orthography differs.
Talal Itani2012 Then, one of the two women approached him, walking bashfully. She said, "My father is calling you, to reward you for drawing water for us." And when he came to him, and told him the story, he said, "Do not fear, you have escaped from the wrongdoing people."
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 Then there came unto him one of the two women, walking shyly. She said: Lo! my father biddeth thee, that he may reward thee with a payment for that thou didst water (the flock) for us. Then, when he came unto him and told him the (whole) story, he said: Fear not! Thou hast escaped from the wrongdoing folk
Edward Henry Palmer1880 And one of the two came to him walking modestly; said she, 'Verily; my father calls thee, to reward thee with hire for having watered our flocks for us.' And when he came to him and related to him the story, said he, ' Fear not, thou art safe from the unjust people
John Medows Rodwell1861 And one of them came to him, walking bashfully. Said she, "My father calleth thee, that he may pay thee wages for thy watering for us." And when he came to him and had told him his STORY, "Fear not," said he, "thou hast escaped from an unjust people
George Sale1734 And one of the damsels came unto him, walking bashfully, and said, my father calleth thee, that he may recompence thee for the trouble which thou hast taken in watering our sheep for us. And when he was come unto Shoaib, and had told him the story of his adventures, he said unto him, fear not; thou hast escaped from unjust people
Talal Itani2012 One of the two women said, "Father, hire him; the best employee for you is the strong and trustworthy."
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 One of the two women said: O my father! Hire him! For the best (man) that thou canst hire in the strong, the trustworthy
Edward Henry Palmer1880 Said one of them, 'O my sire! hire him; verily, the best of those whom thou canst hire is the strong and faithful
John Medows Rodwell1861 One of them said, "O my father, hire him: for the best thou canst hire is the strong, the trusty
George Sale1734 And one of the damsels said, my father, hire him for certain wages: The best servant thou canst hire, is an able and trusty person
Talal Itani2012 He said, "Let this be an agreement between you and me. Whichever of the two terms I fulfill, there shall be no reprisal against me; and God is witness over what we say."
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 He said: That (is settled) between thee and me. Whichever of the two terms I fulfil, there will be no injustice to me, and Allah is Surety over what we say
Edward Henry Palmer1880 Said he, 'That is between you and me; whichever of the two terms I fulfil, let there be no enmity against me, for God over what we say keeps guard
John Medows Rodwell1861 He said, "Be it so between me and thee: Whichever of the two terms I fulfil, there will be no injustice to me. And God is witness of what we say
George Sale1734 Moses answered, let this be the covenant between me and thee: Whichsoever of the two terms I shall fulfil, let it be no crime in me if I then quit thy service; and God is witness of that which we say
Easy-read (simplified)falammaa qadaa moosaa l-'ajala wasaara bi'ahlihi aanasa min jaanibi t-toori naaran qaala li'ahlihi mkuthoo innee aanastu naaran la'allee aateekum minhaa bikhabarin aw jadhwatin mina n-naari la'allakum tastaloon
DIN 31635falammā qaḍā mūsā l-ʾaǧala wasāra biʾahlihi ʾānasa min ǧānibi ṭ-ṭūri nāran qāla liʾahlihi mkuṯū ʾinnī ʾānastu nāran laʿallī ʾātīkum minhā biḫabarin ʾaw ǧaḏwatin mina n-nāri laʿallakum taṣṭalūna
Talal Itani2012 When Moses had completed the term, and departed with his family, he noticed a fire by the side of the Mount. He said to his family, "Stay here, I have glimpsed a fire. Perhaps I can bring you some information from there, or an ember from the fire, that you may warm yourselves."
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 Then, when Moses had fulfilled the term, and was travelling with his housefolk, he saw in the distance a fire and said unto his housefolk: Bide ye (here). Lo! I see in the distance a fire; peradventure I shall bring you tidings thence, or a brand from the fire that ye may warm yourselves
Edward Henry Palmer1880 And when Moses had fulfilled the appointed time, and was journeying with his people, he perceived from the side of the mountain a fire; said he to his people, 'Tarry ye here; verily, I have perceived a fire, haply I may bring you good news therefrom, or a brand of fire that haply ye may be warmed
John Medows Rodwell1861 And when Moses had fulfilled the term, and was journeying with his family, he perceived a fire on the mountain side. He said to his family, "Wait ye, for I perceive a fire. Haply I may bring you tidings from it, or a brand from the fire to warm you
George Sale1734 And when Moses had fulfilled the term, and was journeying with his family towards Egypt, he saw fire on the side of mount Sinai. And he said unto his family, tarry ye here; for I see fire: Peradventure I may bring you thence some tidings of the way, or at least a brand out of the fire, that ye may be warmed
These figures count the words the translations share. They measure wording, not meaning, and they do not say which translation is right.
Derived measure: mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the
lowercased word sets of the 5 renderings above —
0.59 on a scale
where 0 means identical wording and 1 means no shared words. It is
computed, not judged.
The page says a verse is worded differently only above the cut below. The cut is a stated convention, not a property of the text, and it can be changed.
The cut
0.644
Share of measured verses above it
33%
Verses above it
2,079
Verses measured
6,236
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · George Sale0.65
Talal Itani · John Medows Rodwell0.65
Talal Itani · George Sale0.64
John Medows Rodwell · George Sale0.62
Talal Itani · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall0.60
Talal Itani · Edward Henry Palmer0.56
Edward Henry Palmer · George Sale0.56
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · John Medows Rodwell0.55
Edward Henry Palmer · John Medows Rodwell0.53
Edward Henry Palmer · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall0.53
One bar per pair of renderings, longest bar for the pair
sharing fewest words. Every pair is shown; none is singled out.
Method Wording differences — derived 13 September 2026
Method
Mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the lowercased word sets of the cleared translations of each verse. A verse is marked as worded differently when its score falls in the top third of the corpus — the cut set out in Analysis details.
As at
13 September 2026, 10:56 UTC
Gate
verify/divergence_gate.py re-derives and fails on drift
The platform does not say which is right, and does not
characterise what the difference means. The renderings are placed
together so the difference is visible; reading it is the reader's work.
7 sources
stand behind this page. Each is listed once, in the order the page first
cites it, with the licence it was cleared under and what was actually read.
Nothing on this page rests on a source that is not here.
Source Tanzil Qur'an text (Uthmani) · Uthmani, Version 1.1
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.
CLEARED. Licence read verbatim from the block embedded in this very file. Ingested exactly as shipped: no normalisation, no stripping of marks, no Unicode recomposition.
Parsed structurally from the EPUB: an h3 names the surah, one p per verse with its number in its own span. An unnumbered p is the basmala and is not a verse, except in surah 1 where the basmala IS verse 1. 112 unnumbered paragraphs were found, which is 114 surahs less surah 1 and surah 9. Text is stored VERBATIM: NFC normalisation and XML entity unescaping only, because CC BY-ND forbids modification.
CLEARED on a licence read first-hand from the translator's own download page, not from an aggregator. Tanzil also hosts this translation, but under a blanket "non-commercial purposes only" term that directs the user to the translator or publisher for permission - a hosting disclaimer, not a grant - so the grant was taken from the licensor directly. The "God" edition was ingested; ClearQuran also publishes an "Allah" edition, differing in how the divine name is rendered, which is not ingested.
CLEARED ON THE WORK, WITH TWO RECORDED CAVEATS ON THIS COPY. (1) Rights basis is the expired copyright term, NOT the redistributing repository's licence. That repository dedicates its contents to the public domain under the Unlicense while also redistributing plainly in-copyright translations (Abdel Haleem, Saheeh International, The Study Quran), so it is dedicating rights it cannot hold and its blanket grant is not relied upon here. (2) The file declares its own upstream as tanzil.net, and Tanzil attaches a non-commercial condition to its TRANSLATION distributions, though not to its Qur'anic text. Since Pickthall's copyright has expired, nobody holds rights in these words and no licence is required from anyone; Tanzil's terms are a contract binding those who download from Tanzil, which we did not. The chain is nonetheless not spotless and Anwar may prefer a clean digitisation of the 1930 printing. NOT VERIFIED: that this digital text matches the 1930 first printing rather than a later revised edition. No page images were collated. Recorded as unverified rather than presented as established. SERVED TEXT DIFFERS FROM THE CITED FILE AT ONE VERSE, 37:97: the file reads "red-hotfire" (a glued token, also in Gutenberg #16955); the served row reads "red-hot fire", restored 2026-09-13 from Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran (London: George Allen & Unwin, printed for Alfred A. Knopf; 1930), p. 460, XXXVII 97 - scan archive.org in.ernet.dli.2015.216140, PDF page 475; banked data/derivation-sources/pickthall-1930-dli-2015.216140-text.pdf (sha256 70e81146c97fa3a590243a82e04e349108546074787e2551a78c616202138870) on Anwar Malik's grant.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is not stated by the redistributor and the printing is unverified. No statement of purpose is recorded for Palmer because none was sourced from his own preface in this pass; nothing is asserted on his behalf.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. TWO edition caveats. (1) The upstream is not stated by the redistributor. (2) Rodwell's own edition PRESENTS THE SURAHS IN HIS OWN CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER, not the mushaf order — he says so in his preface. This digital text is keyed to mushaf order, so it derives from a restored-order printing (such as the Everyman edition) rather than from Rodwell's own arrangement. Which printing is not stated and has not been established.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is NOT STATED by the redistributor, so the printing it represents is unverified; Sale's text was reprinted and re-edited many times between 1734 and 1900. Recorded as unverified rather than assumed to be the first edition.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.
CLEARED. Parallel edition, held in ayah_text_variants. It sits alongside the Uthmani spine for search normalisation and is never used to correct it.