Marked words appear in this translation and in no other English translation of this verse. Common small words and older spellings are not marked. The marks show where the wording differs, not where the meaning does.
Talal Itani· published 2012
They shall be humiliated wherever they are encountered, except through a rope from God, and a rope from the people; and they incurred wrath from God, and were stricken with misery. That is because they rejected God's revelations, and killed the prophets unjustly. That is because they rebelled and committedaggression.
Translation Talal Itani, ClearQuran·Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1875–1936 · published 1930
Ignominy shall be their portion wheresoever they are found save (where they grasp) a rope from Allah and a rope from men. They have incurred anger from their Lord, and wretchedness is laid upon them. That is because they used to disbelieve the revelations of Allah, and slew the prophets wrongfully. That is because they were rebellious and used to transgress
Sources
Translation Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran·Public domain — copyright term expired
Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran·1930 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work
·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026
Edward Henry Palmer1840–1882 · published 1880
They are smitten with abasement wherever they be found, save for the rope of God and the rope of man; and they draw on themselves wrath from God. They are smitten, too, with poverty; that is because they did disbelieve in God's signs, and kill the prophets undeservedly. That is because they did rebel and did transgress
Sources
Translation Edward Henry Palmer, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
Shame shall be stamped upon them wherever found, unless they ally them with God and men! And the wrath of God will they incur, and poverty shall be stamped upon them! This - for that they believed not in the signs of God, and slew the prophets unjustly: This - because they rebelled, and becametransgressors
Sources
Translation John Medows Rodwell, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
They are smitten with vileness wheresoever they are found; unless they obtainsecurity by entering into a treaty with God, and a treaty with men: And they draw on themselves indignation from God, and they are afflicted with poverty. This they suffer, because they disbelieved the signs of God, and slew the prophets unjustly; this, because they were rebellious, and transgressed
Sources
Translation George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an·1734 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work
·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026
Other languages (18)Shqip · Albanian
Mbi ta është poshtërimi kudo që gjenden, përveç kur kanë ndonjë besë nga Allahu ose nga njerëzit. Ata tërhoqën zemërimin e Allahut dhe mbi ta ra mjerimi. Kjo, se ata i mohonin ajetet e Allahut dhe i vrisnin pejgamberët pa kurrfarë të drejte. Kjo, se kundërshtonin dhe i tejkalonin kufijtë.
Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5
বাংলা · Bengali
তাদেরকে আল্লাহর প্রতিশ্রুতির বাইরে ও মানুষের প্রতিশ্রুতির বাইরে যেখানেই পাওয়া গেছে, সেখানেই তারা লাঞ্ছিত ও অপমানিত হয়েছে। আর তারা আল্লাহর ক্রোধে পতিত হয়েছে। উপরন্তু তাদের উপর দারিদ্র্য চাপিয়ে দেয়া হয়েছে। এটা এ জন্যে যে, তারা আল্লাহর আয়াতসমূহের সাথে কুফরী করতো এবং অন্যায়ভাবে নবীগণকে হত্যা করতো। তাছাড়া এজন্যও যে, তারা অবাধ্যতা করতো এবং সীমালঙ্ঘন করতো।
Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Dawah Association in Rabwah, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.2
Bosanski · Bosnian
Ma gdje se našli, oni su poniženi, osim ako su pod zaštitom Allahovom i zaštitom drugih ljudi. Oni su zaslužili srdžbu Allahovu i bijeda je pala na njih, zato što u ajete i dokaze Allahove nisu vjerovali i što su vjerovjesnike bespravno ubijali, zato što su Allahu bili nepokorni, i što su prešli svaku granicu u griješenju.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 2.0.4
Hrvatski · Croatian
Ma gdje se našli, oni su poniženi, osim ako su pod zaštitom Allahovom i zaštitom drugih ljudi. Oni su zaslužili srdžbu Allahovu i bijeda je pala na njih, zato što u ajete i dokaze Allahove nisu vjerovali i što su vjerovjesnike bespravno ubijali, zato što su Allahu bili nepokorni, i što su prešli svaku granicu u griješenju.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1
Fulfulde · Fulani
Koyeera faŋtike ɓe nokku kala ka ɓe tawaa, si wanaa ɓe ƴettu ahadi ka Alla e ka yimɓe ɓen. Ɓe hootidi e tikkere immorde ka Alla ɓe huuɓiŋtiniraa baasal : ɗum non, ko tawde ɓe laatinoke hiɓe yedda Aayeeje Alla ɗen, ɓe wara Annabaaɓe ɓen ko aldaa e goonga. Ɗum non, ko sabu ko ɓe njeddi kon, ɓe laatii jaggitooɓe.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
ქართული · Georgian
მათზე [იუდეველებზე] დაწესდა დამცირება, სადაც არ უნდა იყვნენ, გარდა იმ შემთხვევისა, თუ აქვთ ალლაჰიგან "თოკი" [თუ მიიღებენ ისლამს], და ადამიანებისგან "თოკი" [თუ დადებენ ხელშეკრულებას ძლიერ სახელმწიფოსთან საკუთარი უსაფრთხოებისთვის]. და ისინი (თავიანთი ჯიუტობისა და ურწმუნოების გამო) აღმოჩნდნენ ალლაჰის რისხვის ქვეშ და მათზე დაწესდა სიღარიბე. ეს იმისთვის, რომ ისინი არ ირწმუნებდნენ ალლაჰის ნიშნებს და უსამართლოდ კლავდნენ მოციქულებს! ეს — იმისთვის, რომ ისინი ურჩობდნენ და იყვნენ დამნაშავეები.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.7
Deutsch · German
Auferlegt wurde ihnen Erniedrigung, wo immer sie angetroffen werden, außer mit einem Bund von Allah und einem Bund von den Menschen. Und sie haben sich Zorn von Allah zugezogen, und Elend ist ihnen auferlegt. Dies, weil sie stets die Zeichen Allahs verleugneten und die Propheten zu Unrecht töteten, dies, weil sie sich widersetzten und immer wieder übertraten.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.15
Ελληνικά · Greek
Και καλύφθηκαν με ταπείνωση όπου κι αν βρίσκονταν, εκτός (αν προστατεύονταν) από μια διαθήκη από τον Αλλάχ ή μια συνθήκη από τους ανθρώπους. Και επέστρεψαν με την οργή του Αλλάχ και καλύφθηκαν με δυστυχία. Αυτό επειδή αρνιόντουσαν τα Εδάφια (και τα σημάδια) του Αλλάχ και σκότωναν τους Προφήτες άδικα. Αυτό έγινε γιατί παράκουσαν και παραβίασαν τα όρια (διαπράττοντας αμαρτίες και εγκλήματα).
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
हिन्दी · Hindi
इन (यहूदियों) पर हर जगह, अपमान थोप दिया गया है, (यह और बात है कि) अल्लाह की शरण[60] अथवा लोगों की शरण[61] में आ जाएँ, और ये अल्लाह के प्रकोप के पात्र हुए तथा इनपर दरिद्रता थोप दी गई। यह इस कारण हुआ कि ये अल्लाह की आयतों का इनकार करते थे और नबियों की अनाधिकार हत्या करते थे। यह इस कारण (भी) है कि इन्होंने अवज्ञा की और (धर्म की) सीमा का उल्लंघन करते थे।
Translated by Azizul Haq Al-Omari
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.5
Italiano · Italian
Li ha presi l’umiliazione ovunque si trovassero, a meno che non avessero un patto con Allāh e un patto con la gente. E hanno scelto l’ira di Allāh e la miseria li ha sopraffatti; ciò perché negavano i Segni di Allāh e uccidevano i Profeti ingiustamente; ciò a causa della loro disubbidienza e perché erano dei trasgressori.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
Lietuvių · Lithuanian
112. Pažeminimas jiems visur, kur jie galėtų būti, išskyrus tada, kai jie yra Allaho (apsaugos) sutartyje, ir žmonių. Jie užsitraukė Allaho Rūstybę ir jiems – pražūtis. Taip yra todėl, kad jie netikėjo Allaho Ajat (įrodymais, įkalčiais, eilutėmis, pamokomis, ženklais, apreiškimais ir t. t.) ir žudė Pranašus, neturėdami tam teisės. Taip yra todėl, kad jie nepakluso (Allahui) ir peržengdavo ribas (nepaklusimu Allahui, nusikaltimais ir nuodėmėmis).
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.0
Русский · Russian
Они поражены унижением, где бы ни находились, если только не находятся под покровительством Аллаха или покровительством людей. . Они навлекли на себя гнев Аллаха и поражены бедностью. Это — за то, что они отвергали знамения Аллаха и убивали пророков без всякого права. Это — за то, что они ослушались и преступали пределы.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1
Српски · Serbian
Ма где се нашли, они су понижени, осим ако су под Аллаховом заштитом и заштитом других људи. Они су заслужили Аллахову срџбу и беда је пала на њих, зато што у речи и доказе Аллахове нису веровали и што су веровеснике бесправно убијали, зато што су Аллаху били непокорни, и што су прешли сваку границу у грешењу.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4
Kiswahili · Swahili
Umepigwa udhalilifu juu yao popote wanapokutwa, isipokuwa kwa kamba ya Mwenyezi Mungu na kamba ya watu. Na walirudi na ghadhabu kutoka kwa Mwenyezi Mungu, na unyonge umepigwa juu yao. Hayo ni kwa sababu walikuwa wakizikufuru Ishara za Mwenyezi Mungu, na wakiwaua Manabii bila ya haki. Hayo ni kwa sababu waliasi na walikuwa wakiruka mipaka.
Issued by the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5
Svenska · Swedish
Förnedring följer dem varhelst de påträffas, utom när de står under beskydd från Gud eller under beskydd från människor. De har dragit på sig Guds vrede och lever i elände eftersom de förkastade Guds tecken och dödade profeter utan rätt. Detta till följd av deras synder och deras ständiga överträdelser.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
Türkçe · Turkish
Onlar (Yahudiler) nerede bulunsalar, Allah'ın ipine (ahdine) ve insanların ipine (emanına) sığınanlar müstesna, onlara alçaklık damgası vurulmuştur. Allah'tan bir gazaba uğramışlardır ve onlara miskinlik damgası vurulmuştur. Çünkü onlar, Allah'ın ayetlerinin inkâr ediyorlar ve haksız yere peygamberlerini öldürüyorlardı. Bu da, onların isyan etmiş ve haddi aşmış bulunmalarındandır.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4
اردو · Urdu
ان پر ہر جگہ ذلت کی مار پڑی، اﻻّ یہ کہ اللہ تعالیٰ کی یا لوگوں کی پناه میں ہوں[1] ، یہ غضب الٰہی کے مستحق ہو گئے اور ان پر فقیری ڈال دی گئی، یہ اس لئے کہ یہ لوگ اللہ تعالیٰ کی آیتوں سے کفر کرتے تھے اور بے وجہ انبیا کو قتل کرتے تھے، یہ بدلہ ہے ان کی نافرمانیوں اور زیادتیوں کا.[2]
Translated by Muhammad Ibrahim Junagarhi, developed under the supervision of the Rowwad Translation Center. The original translation is available for the purpose of expressing opinion, evaluation, and continuous development.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.3
About these translations
5 cleared translations, newest first, by year of publication, so the modern English comes before the historical ones. That is an ordering by date, not a judgement. Each is shown complete — this platform never excerpts a translation — and each renders under its translator's name. No translation here is marked as the correct one.
Which translations appear here is set by copyright: they are the ones whose rights could be documented and cleared. The selection is not a judgement that these are the best.
About easy-read
Easy-read
Easy-read is a simplified pronunciation,
not authoritative — a rule-by-rule romanisation, not a reading.
Each verse ends in its pause form, as it is said when you stop there. Pauses inside a verse and other tajwid rules are not shown. It is derived from the Tanzil
Simple edition, while the Arabic above is the
Uthmani edition; both are cleared, but they are not the
same edition and their orthography differs.
Talal Itani2012 You are the best community that ever emerged for humanity: you advocate what is moral, and forbid what is immoral, and believe in God. Had the People of the Scripture believed, it would have been better for them. Among them are the believers, but most of them are sinners.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 Ye are the best community that hath been raised up for mankind. Ye enjoin right conduct and forbid indecency; and ye believe in Allah. And if the People of the Scripture had believed it had been better for them. Some of them are believers; but most of them are evil-livers
Edward Henry Palmer1880 Ye were the best of nations brought forth unto man. Ye bid what is reasonable, and forbid what is wrong, believing in God. Had the people of the Book believed, it would have been better for them. There are believers among them, though most of them are sinners
John Medows Rodwell1861 Ye are the best folk that hath been raised up unto mankind. Ye enjoin the Just, and ye forbid the Evil, and ye believe in God: And if the people of the Book had believed, it had surely been better for them! Believers there are among them, but most of them are perverse
George Sale1734 Ye are the best nation that hath been raised up unto mankind: Ye command that which is just, and ye forbid that which is unjust, and ye believe in God. And if they who have recieved the scriptures had believed, it had surely been the better for them: There are believers among them, but the greater part of them are transgressors
Talal Itani2012 They will do you no harm, beyond insulting you. And if they fight you, they will turn around and flee, then they will not be helped.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 They will not harm you save a trifling hurt, and if they fight against you they will turn and flee. And afterward they will not be helped
Edward Henry Palmer1880 They shall surely not harm you save a hurt; and if they fight you, they shall show you their backs, then they shall not be helped
John Medows Rodwell1861 They will never inflict on you but a trifling damage; and if they do battle with you, they shall turn their backs to you: then they shall not be succoured
George Sale1734 They shall not hurt you, unless with a slight hurt; and if they fight against you, they shall turn their backs to you; and they shall not be helped
Easy-read (simplified)laysoo sawaa'an min ahli l-kitaabi ummatun qaa'imatun yatloona aayaati llaahi aanaa'a llayli wahum yasjudoon
DIN 31635laysū sawāʾan min ʾahli l-kitābi ʾummatun qāʾimatun yatlūna ʾāyāti llāhi ʾānāʾa llayli wahum yasǧudūna
Talal Itani2012 They are not alike. Among the People of the Scripture is a community that is upright; they recite God's revelations throughout the night, and they prostrate themselves.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 They are not all alike. Of the People of the Scripture there is a staunch community who recite the revelations of Allah in the night season, falling prostrate (before Him)
Edward Henry Palmer1880 They are not all alike. Of the people of the Book there is a nation upright, reciting God's signs throughout the night, as they adore the while
John Medows Rodwell1861 Yet all are not alike: Among the people of the Book is an upright folk, who recite the signs of God in the night-season, and adore
George Sale1734 Yet they are not all alike: There are of those who have received the scriptures, upright people; they meditate on the signs of God in the night season, and worship
DIN 31635yuʾminūna billāhi wal-yawmi l-ʾāḫiri wayaʾmurūna bil-maʿrūfi wayanhawna ʿani l-munkari wayusāriʿūna fī l-ḫayrāti waʾūlāʾika mina ṣ-ṣāliḥīna
Talal Itani2012 They believe in God and the Last Day, and advocate righteousness and forbid evil, and are quick to do good deeds. These are among the righteous.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 They believe in Allah and the Last Day, and enjoin right conduct and forbid indecency, and vie one with another in good works. These are of the righteous
Edward Henry Palmer1880 They believe in God, and in the last day, and bid what is reasonable, and forbid what is wrong, and vie in charity; these are among the righteous
John Medows Rodwell1861 They believe in God and in the latter day, and enjoin justice, and forbid evil, and speed on in good works. These are of the righteous
George Sale1734 They believe in God, and the last day; and command that which is just, and forbid that which is unjust, and zealously strive to excel in good works: These are of the righteous
These figures count the words the translations share. They measure wording, not meaning, and they do not say which translation is right.
Derived measure: mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the
lowercased word sets of the 5 renderings above —
0.74 on a scale
where 0 means identical wording and 1 means no shared words. It is
computed, not judged.
The page says a verse is worded differently only above the cut below. The cut is a stated convention, not a property of the text, and it can be changed.
The cut
0.644
Share of measured verses above it
33%
Verses above it
2,079
Verses measured
6,236
Talal Itani · George Sale0.80
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · John Medows Rodwell0.77
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · George Sale0.77
Talal Itani · John Medows Rodwell0.75
Edward Henry Palmer · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall0.74
Talal Itani · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall0.73
John Medows Rodwell · George Sale0.72
Talal Itani · Edward Henry Palmer0.70
Edward Henry Palmer · George Sale0.70
Edward Henry Palmer · John Medows Rodwell0.69
One bar per pair of renderings, longest bar for the pair
sharing fewest words. Every pair is shown; none is singled out.
Method Wording differences — derived 13 September 2026
Method
Mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the lowercased word sets of the cleared translations of each verse. A verse is marked as worded differently when its score falls in the top third of the corpus — the cut set out in Analysis details.
As at
13 September 2026, 10:56 UTC
Gate
verify/divergence_gate.py re-derives and fails on drift
The platform does not say which is right, and does not
characterise what the difference means. The renderings are placed
together so the difference is visible; reading it is the reader's work.
7 sources
stand behind this page. Each is listed once, in the order the page first
cites it, with the licence it was cleared under and what was actually read.
Nothing on this page rests on a source that is not here.
Source Tanzil Qur'an text (Uthmani) · Uthmani, Version 1.1
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.
CLEARED. Licence read verbatim from the block embedded in this very file. Ingested exactly as shipped: no normalisation, no stripping of marks, no Unicode recomposition.
Parsed structurally from the EPUB: an h3 names the surah, one p per verse with its number in its own span. An unnumbered p is the basmala and is not a verse, except in surah 1 where the basmala IS verse 1. 112 unnumbered paragraphs were found, which is 114 surahs less surah 1 and surah 9. Text is stored VERBATIM: NFC normalisation and XML entity unescaping only, because CC BY-ND forbids modification.
CLEARED on a licence read first-hand from the translator's own download page, not from an aggregator. Tanzil also hosts this translation, but under a blanket "non-commercial purposes only" term that directs the user to the translator or publisher for permission - a hosting disclaimer, not a grant - so the grant was taken from the licensor directly. The "God" edition was ingested; ClearQuran also publishes an "Allah" edition, differing in how the divine name is rendered, which is not ingested.
CLEARED ON THE WORK, WITH TWO RECORDED CAVEATS ON THIS COPY. (1) Rights basis is the expired copyright term, NOT the redistributing repository's licence. That repository dedicates its contents to the public domain under the Unlicense while also redistributing plainly in-copyright translations (Abdel Haleem, Saheeh International, The Study Quran), so it is dedicating rights it cannot hold and its blanket grant is not relied upon here. (2) The file declares its own upstream as tanzil.net, and Tanzil attaches a non-commercial condition to its TRANSLATION distributions, though not to its Qur'anic text. Since Pickthall's copyright has expired, nobody holds rights in these words and no licence is required from anyone; Tanzil's terms are a contract binding those who download from Tanzil, which we did not. The chain is nonetheless not spotless and Anwar may prefer a clean digitisation of the 1930 printing. NOT VERIFIED: that this digital text matches the 1930 first printing rather than a later revised edition. No page images were collated. Recorded as unverified rather than presented as established. SERVED TEXT DIFFERS FROM THE CITED FILE AT ONE VERSE, 37:97: the file reads "red-hotfire" (a glued token, also in Gutenberg #16955); the served row reads "red-hot fire", restored 2026-09-13 from Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran (London: George Allen & Unwin, printed for Alfred A. Knopf; 1930), p. 460, XXXVII 97 - scan archive.org in.ernet.dli.2015.216140, PDF page 475; banked data/derivation-sources/pickthall-1930-dli-2015.216140-text.pdf (sha256 70e81146c97fa3a590243a82e04e349108546074787e2551a78c616202138870) on Anwar Malik's grant.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is not stated by the redistributor and the printing is unverified. No statement of purpose is recorded for Palmer because none was sourced from his own preface in this pass; nothing is asserted on his behalf.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. TWO edition caveats. (1) The upstream is not stated by the redistributor. (2) Rodwell's own edition PRESENTS THE SURAHS IN HIS OWN CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER, not the mushaf order — he says so in his preface. This digital text is keyed to mushaf order, so it derives from a restored-order printing (such as the Everyman edition) rather than from Rodwell's own arrangement. Which printing is not stated and has not been established.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is NOT STATED by the redistributor, so the printing it represents is unverified; Sale's text was reprinted and re-edited many times between 1734 and 1900. Recorded as unverified rather than assumed to be the first edition.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.
CLEARED. Parallel edition, held in ayah_text_variants. It sits alongside the Uthmani spine for search normalisation and is never used to correct it.