7 sources
stand behind this page. Each is listed once, in the order the page first
cites it, with the licence it was cleared under and what was actually read.
Nothing on this page rests on a source that is not here.
Source Tanzil Qur'an text (Uthmani) · Uthmani, Version 1.1
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.
CLEARED. Licence read verbatim from the block embedded in this very file. Ingested exactly as shipped: no normalisation, no stripping of marks, no Unicode recomposition.
Parsed structurally from the EPUB: an h3 names the surah, one p per verse with its number in its own span. An unnumbered p is the basmala and is not a verse, except in surah 1 where the basmala IS verse 1. 112 unnumbered paragraphs were found, which is 114 surahs less surah 1 and surah 9. Text is stored VERBATIM: NFC normalisation and XML entity unescaping only, because CC BY-ND forbids modification.
CLEARED on a licence read first-hand from the translator's own download page, not from an aggregator. Tanzil also hosts this translation, but under a blanket "non-commercial purposes only" term that directs the user to the translator or publisher for permission - a hosting disclaimer, not a grant - so the grant was taken from the licensor directly. The "God" edition was ingested; ClearQuran also publishes an "Allah" edition, differing in how the divine name is rendered, which is not ingested.
CLEARED ON THE WORK, WITH TWO RECORDED CAVEATS ON THIS COPY. (1) Rights basis is the expired copyright term, NOT the redistributing repository's licence. That repository dedicates its contents to the public domain under the Unlicense while also redistributing plainly in-copyright translations (Abdel Haleem, Saheeh International, The Study Quran), so it is dedicating rights it cannot hold and its blanket grant is not relied upon here. (2) The file declares its own upstream as tanzil.net, and Tanzil attaches a non-commercial condition to its TRANSLATION distributions, though not to its Qur'anic text. Since Pickthall's copyright has expired, nobody holds rights in these words and no licence is required from anyone; Tanzil's terms are a contract binding those who download from Tanzil, which we did not. The chain is nonetheless not spotless and Anwar may prefer a clean digitisation of the 1930 printing. NOT VERIFIED: that this digital text matches the 1930 first printing rather than a later revised edition. No page images were collated. Recorded as unverified rather than presented as established. SERVED TEXT DIFFERS FROM THE CITED FILE AT ONE VERSE, 37:97: the file reads "red-hotfire" (a glued token, also in Gutenberg #16955); the served row reads "red-hot fire", restored 2026-09-13 from Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran (London: George Allen & Unwin, printed for Alfred A. Knopf; 1930), p. 460, XXXVII 97 - scan archive.org in.ernet.dli.2015.216140, PDF page 475; banked data/derivation-sources/pickthall-1930-dli-2015.216140-text.pdf (sha256 70e81146c97fa3a590243a82e04e349108546074787e2551a78c616202138870) on Anwar Malik's grant.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is not stated by the redistributor and the printing is unverified. No statement of purpose is recorded for Palmer because none was sourced from his own preface in this pass; nothing is asserted on his behalf.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. TWO edition caveats. (1) The upstream is not stated by the redistributor. (2) Rodwell's own edition PRESENTS THE SURAHS IN HIS OWN CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER, not the mushaf order — he says so in his preface. This digital text is keyed to mushaf order, so it derives from a restored-order printing (such as the Everyman edition) rather than from Rodwell's own arrangement. Which printing is not stated and has not been established.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is NOT STATED by the redistributor, so the printing it represents is unverified; Sale's text was reprinted and re-edited many times between 1734 and 1900. Recorded as unverified rather than assumed to be the first edition.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.
CLEARED. Parallel edition, held in ayah_text_variants. It sits alongside the Uthmani spine for search normalisation and is never used to correct it.
Marked words appear in this translation and in no other English translation of this verse. Common small words and older spellings are not marked. The marks show where the wording differs, not where the meaning does.
Talal Itani· published 2012
He created the heavens and the earth with reason. He wraps the night around the day, and He wraps the day around the night. And He regulates the sun and the moon, each running along a specificcourse. He is indeed the Almighty, the Forgiver.
Translation Talal Itani, ClearQuran·Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1875–1936 · published 1930
He hath created the heavens and the earth with truth. He maketh night to succeed day, and He maketh day to succeed night, and He constraineth the sun and the moon to give service, each running on for an appointed term. Is not He the Mighty, the Forgiver
Sources
Translation Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran·Public domain — copyright term expired
Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran·1930 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work
·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026
Edward Henry Palmer1840–1882 · published 1880
He created the heavens and the earth in truth! It is He who clothes the day with night; and clothes the night with day; and subjects the sun and the moon, each one runs on to an appointed time; aye! He is the mighty, the forgiving
Sources
Translation Edward Henry Palmer, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
For truth hath he created the Heavens and the Earth: It is of Him that the night returneth upon the day and that the day returneth upon the night: and He controlleth the sun and the moon so that each speedeth to an appointed goal. Is He not the Mighty, the Gracious
Sources
Translation John Medows Rodwell, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
He hath created the heavens and the earth with truth: He causeth the night to succeed the day, and He causeth the day to succeed the night, and He obligeth the sun and the moon to perform their services; each of them hasteneth to an appointed period. Is not He the mighty, the forgiver of sins
Sources
Translation George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an·1734 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work
·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026
Other languages (18)Shqip · Albanian
Ai krijoi qiejt dhe Tokën me urtësi. Ai mbështjell ditën me natë dhe natën me ditë. Ai nënshtroi Diellin dhe Hënën. Të gjitha lundrojnë në një kohë të caktuar. Vini re, Ai është i Gjithëfuqishmi dhe Falësi i Madh!
Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5
বাংলা · Bengali
তিনি (এক মহান উদ্দেশ্যে) যথাযথভাবে আসমানসমূহ ও জমিন সৃষ্টি করেছেন। তিনি রাতকে দিনের মধ্যে প্রবিষ্ট করেন আর দিনকে প্রবিষ্ট করেন রাতের মধ্যে এবং সূর্য ও চাঁদকে নিয়ন্ত্রণাধীন করেছেন। প্রত্যেকে এক নির্ধারিত সময় পর্যন্ত চলছে। জেনে রাখ, তিনি মহাপরাক্রমশালী, পরম ক্ষমাশীল।
Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Dawah Association in Rabwah, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.2
Bosanski · Bosnian
Nebesa i Zemlju je s ciljem stvorio. On noću zavija dan i danom zavija noć, On je Sunce i Mjesec potčinio, svako se kreće do roka određenog. On je Silni, On mnogo prašta!
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 2.0.4
Hrvatski · Croatian
Nebesa i Zemlju je s ciljem stvorio. On noću zavija dan i danom zavija noć, On je Sunce i Mjesec podčinio, svako se kreće do roka određenog. On je Silni, On mnogo prašta!
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1
Fulfulde · Fulani
O tagirii kammuuji ɗiin e leydi ndin, goonga.Homo suddira jemma on ñalaema oon, O suddira ñalawma on jemma on. O eelti na'ange ngen e lewru ndun, kala majji no doga haa e lajal taƴaangal. Nganndee, ko Kaŋko woni pooluɗo, kaforoowo On.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
ქართული · Georgian
მან გააჩინა ცანი და დედამიწა ჭეშმარიტებით. მოსავს ღამეს დღეში და მოსავს დღეს ღამეში. დაიმორჩილა მზე და მთვარე [ქმნილებებისთვის სასარგებლოდ]. ყველა დაცურავს განსაზღვრულ ვადამდე. ნუთუ ის არ არის ძლევამოსილი, ყოვლისმიმტევებელი?!
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.7
Deutsch · German
Er hat die Himmel und die Erde in Wahrheit erschaffen. Er lässt die Nacht den Tag umschlingen, und Er lässt den Tag die Nacht umschlingen. Und Er hat die Sonne und den Mond dienstbar gemacht - ein jedes läuft auf eine festgesetzte Frist zu. Sicherlich, Er ist der Allmächtige und Allvergebende.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.15
Ελληνικά · Greek
Δημιούργησε τους ουρανούς και τη γη με την Αλήθεια (και όχι μάταια)! Κάνει τη νύχτα να καλύπτει (και να καταδιώκει γρήγορα) την ημέρα, και κάνει την ημέρα να καλύπτει (και να καταδιώκει γρήγορα) τη νύχτα. Υπέταξε τον ήλιο και το φεγγάρι να τρέχει το καθένα τους (στη δική του τροχιά) για έναν καθορισμένο χρόνο. Πράγματι, Αυτός είναι ο Αλ-‘Αζείζ (Παντοδύναμος, Ανίκητος), ο Αλ-Γαφφάρ (Αυτός που συγχωρεί συνεχώς στο μέγιστο βαθμό).
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
हिन्दी · Hindi
उसने आकाशों तथा धरती को सत्य के साथ पैदा किया। वह रात को दिन पर लपेटता है तथा दिन को रात पर लपेटता है। तथा उसने सूर्य और चन्द्रमा को वशीभूत कर रखा है। प्रत्येक, एक नियत समय के लिए चल रहा है। सावधान! वही सब पर प्रभुत्वशाली, अत्यंत क्षमाशील है।
Translated by Azizul Haq Al-Omari
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.5
Italiano · Italian
Ha creato i cieli e la terra con la Verità; sovrappone la notte al giorno, e sovrappone il giorno alla notte; vi ha asservito il sole e la Luna, e ognuno evolve verso un termine prestabilito: non è forse Lui il Potente, il Perdonatore?
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
Lietuvių · Lithuanian
5. Jis sukūrė dangus ir žemę su tiesa. Jis priverčia naktį įsilieti į dieną ir priverčia dieną įsilieti į naktį. Ir Jis pavergė saulę ir mėnulį. Kiekvieną judantį (nustatytu kursu) nustatytam laikui. Iš tiesų, Jis yra Galingiausias, Visa Atleidžiantis.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.0
Русский · Russian
Он сотворил небеса и землю с истиной. Он облекает ночью день и облекает днём ночь, и подчинил солнце и луну — каждый движется к назначенному сроку. Знайте же: Он — Могущественный, Всепрощающий!
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1
Српски · Serbian
Небеса и Земљу је створио са истином; Он ноћу обавија дан, и даном обавија ноћ; Он је потчинио Сунце и Месец, свако се креће до одређеног рока. Он је Силни, Он много прашта!
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4
Kiswahili · Swahili
Ameumba mbingu na ardhi kwa Haki. Hufunika usiku juu ya mchana, na hufunika mchana juu ya usiku. Na amefanya jua na mwezi vitumike. Kila kimojapo kinakwenda kwa kipindi kilichowekewa. Jueni mtanabahi! Yeye ndiye Mwenye nguvu, Mwenye kusamehe!
Issued by the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5
Svenska · Swedish
Han skapade himlarna och jorden för ett bestämt syfte. Han låter natten svepa in över dagen, och dagen svepa in över natten. Han har underordnat solen och månen; var och en löper till en fastställd tidpunkt. Han är sannerligen den Allsmäktige, den oändligt Förlåtande.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
Türkçe · Turkish
O, gökleri ve yeri hak ile yaratmıştır. Geceyi gündüze dolayıp örter, gündüzü de geceye örter, Güneşe ve Ay'a da boyun eğdirmiştir. Hepsi de belli bir süreye kadar akar/gider. Bilin ki O; çok güçlüdür, çok bağışlayıcıdır.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4
اردو · Urdu
نہایت اچھی تدبیر سے اس نے آسمانوں اور زمین کو بنایا وه رات کو دن اور دن کو رات پر لپیٹ دیتا ہے[1] اور اس نے سورج اور چاند کو کام پر لگا رکھا ہے۔ ہر ایک مقرره مدت تک چل رہا ہے یقین مانو کہ وہی زبردست اور گناہوں کا بخشنے واﻻ ہے.
Translated by Muhammad Ibrahim Junagarhi, developed under the supervision of the Rowwad Translation Center. The original translation is available for the purpose of expressing opinion, evaluation, and continuous development.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.3
About these translations
5 cleared translations, newest first, by year of publication, so the modern English comes before the historical ones. That is an ordering by date, not a judgement. Each is shown complete — this platform never excerpts a translation — and each renders under its translator's name. No translation here is marked as the correct one.
Which translations appear here is set by copyright: they are the ones whose rights could be documented and cleared. The selection is not a judgement that these are the best.
About easy-read
Easy-read
Easy-read is a simplified pronunciation,
not authoritative — a rule-by-rule romanisation, not a reading.
Each verse ends in its pause form, as it is said when you stop there. Pauses inside a verse and other tajwid rules are not shown. It is derived from the Tanzil
Simple edition, while the Arabic above is the
Uthmani edition; both are cleared, but they are not the
same edition and their orthography differs.
Easy-read (simplified)alaa lillaahi d-deenu l-khaalisu walladheena takhadhoo min doonihi awliyaa'a maa na'buduhum illaa liyuqarriboonaa ilaa llaahi zulfaa inna llaaha yahkumu baynahum fee maa hum feehi yakhtalifoona inna llaaha laa yahdee man huwa kaadhibun kaffaar
DIN 31635ʾalā lillāhi d-dīnu l-ḫāliṣu wallaḏīna taḫaḏū min dūnihi ʾawliyāʾa mā naʿbuduhum ʾillā liyuqarribūnā ʾilā llāhi zulfā ʾinna llāha yaḥkumu baynahum fī mā hum fīhi yaḫtalifūna ʾinna llāha lā yahdī man huwa kāḏibun kaffārun
Talal Itani2012 Is not to God that sincere faith is due? As for those who take guardians besides Him, "We only worship them that they may bring us nearer to God." God will judge between them regarding their differences. God does not guide the lying blasphemer.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 Surely pure religion is for Allah only. And those who choose protecting friends beside Him (say): We worship them only that they may bring us near unto Allah. Lo! Allah will judge between them concerning that wherein they differ. Lo! Allah guideth not him who is a liar, an ingrate
Edward Henry Palmer1880 Aye! God's is the sincere religion: and those who take beside Him patrons - 'We do not serve them save that they may bring us near to God - 'Verily, God will judge between them concerning that whereon they do dispute. Verily, God guides not him who is a misbelieving liar
John Medows Rodwell1861 Is not a sincere worship due to God? But they who take others beside him as lords saying, "We serve them only that they may bring us near to God" - God will judge between them and the faithful, concerning that wherein they are at variance. Verily God will not guide him who is a liar, an infidel
George Sale1734 Ought not the pure religion to be exhibited unto God? But as to those who take other patrons besides Him, saying, we worship them only that they may bring us nearer unto God; verily God will judge between them concerning that wherein they disagree. Surely God will not direct him who is a liar, or ungrateful
Easy-read (simplified)law araada llaahu an yattakhidha waladan llastafaa mimmaa yakhluqu maa yashaa'u subhaanahu huwa llaahu l-waahidu l-qahhaar
DIN 31635law ʾarāda llāhu ʾan yattaḫiḏa waladan llaṣṭafā mimmā yaḫluqu mā yašāʾu subḥānahu huwa llāhu l-wāḥidu l-qahhāru
Talal Itani2012 If God wanted to have a son, He could have selected from His creation at will. Glory be to Him. He is God, the One, the Prevailing.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 If Allah had willed to choose a son, He could have chosen what He would of that which He hath created. Be He Glorified! He is Allah, the One, the Absolute
Edward Henry Palmer1880 Had God wished to take to Himself a child, He would have chosen what He pleased from what He creates;- celebrated be His praises! He is God, the one, the victorious
John Medows Rodwell1861 Had God desired to have had a son, he had surely chosen what he pleased out of his own creation. But praise be to Him! He is God, the One, the Almighty
George Sale1734 If God had been minded to have had a son, He had surely chosen what He pleased out of that which He hath created. But far be such a thing from Him! He is the sole, the almighty God
Easy-read (simplified)khalaqakum min nafsin waahidatin thumma ja'ala minhaa zawjahaa wa'anzala lakum mina l-'an'aami thamaaniyata azwaajin yakhluqukum fee butooni ummahaatikum khalqan min ba'di khalqin fee zulumaatin thalaathin dhaalikumu llaahu rabbukum lahu l-mulku laa ilaaha illaa huwa fa'annaa tusrafoon
DIN 31635ḫalaqakum min nafsin wāḥidatin ṯumma ǧaʿala minhā zawǧahā waʾanzala lakum mina l-ʾanʿāmi ṯamāniyata ʾazwāǧin yaḫluqukum fī buṭūni ʾummahātikum ḫalqan min baʿdi ḫalqin fī ẓulumātin ṯalāṯin ḏālikumu llāhu rabbukum lahu l-mulku lā ʾilāha ʾillā huwa faʾannā tuṣrafūna
Talal Itani2012 He created you from one person, then made from it its mate, and brought down livestock for you-eight kinds in pairs. He creates you in the wombs of your mothers, in successive formations, in a triple darkness. Such is God, your Lord. His is the kingdom. There is no god but He. So what made you deviate?
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 He created you from one being, then from that (being) He made its mate; and He hath provided for you of cattle eight kinds. He created you in the wombs of your mothers, creation after creation, in a threefold gloom. Such is Allah, your Lord. His is the Sovereignty. There is no Allah save Him. How then are ye turned away
Edward Henry Palmer1880 He created you from one soul; then He made from it its mate; and He sent down upon you of the cattle four pairs! He creates you in the bellies of your mothers,- creation after creation, in three darknesses. That is God for you! His is the kingdom, there is no god but He; how then can ye be turned away
John Medows Rodwell1861 He created you all of one man, from whom He afterwards formed his wife; and of cattle He hath sent down to you four pairs. In the wombs of your mothers did He create you by creation upon creation in triple darkness. It is He who is God your Lord: the kingdom is His: There is no God but He. How then are ye so turned aside from Him
George Sale1734 He created you of one man, and afterwards out of him formed his wife: And He hath bestowed on you four pair of cattle. He formeth you in the wombs of your mothers, by several gradual formations, within three vails of darkness. This is God your Lord: His is the kingdom: There is no God but He. Why therefore are ye turned aside from the worship of Him to idolatry
Talal Itani2012 If you disbelieve, God is Independent of you, yet He does not approve ingratitude on the part of His servants. And if you are thankful, He will approve that in you. No bearer of burden can bear the burden of another. Then to your Lord is your return; and He will inform you of what you used to do. He is aware of what the hearts contain.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 If ye are thankless, yet Allah is Independent of you, though He is not pleased with thanklessness for His bondmen; and if ye are thankful He is pleased therewith for you. No laden soul will bear another's load. Then unto your Lord is your return; and He will tell you what ye used to do. Lo! He knoweth what is in the breasts (of men)
Edward Henry Palmer1880 If ye be thankless, yet is God independent of you. He is not pleased with ingratitude in His servants; but if ye give thanks, He is pleased with that in you. But no burdened soul shall bear the burden of another; then unto your Lord is your return, and He will inform you of that which ye have done. Verily, He knows the natures of men's breasts
John Medows Rodwell1861 Suppose ye render him no thanks! yet forsooth is God rich without you: but He is not pleased with thanklessness in His servants: yet if ye be thankful He will be pleased with you. The soul burdened with its own works shall not be burdened with the burden of another: hereafter shall ye return to your Lord, and he will tell you of all your works, For he knoweth the very secrets of your breasts
George Sale1734 If ye be ungrateful, verily God hath no need of you; yet He liketh not ingratitude in his servants: But if ye be thankful, He will be well pleased with you. A burdened soul shall not bear the burden of another: Hereafter shall ye return unto your Lord, and He shall declare unto you that which ye have wrought, and will reward you accordingly; for He knoweth the innermost parts of your breasts
These figures count the words the translations share. They measure wording, not meaning, and they do not say which translation is right.
Derived measure: mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the
lowercased word sets of the 5 renderings above —
0.59 on a scale
where 0 means identical wording and 1 means no shared words. It is
computed, not judged.
The page says a verse is worded differently only above the cut below. The cut is a stated convention, not a property of the text, and it can be changed.
The cut
0.644
Share of measured verses above it
33%
Verses above it
2,079
Verses measured
6,236
Talal Itani · John Medows Rodwell0.73
Talal Itani · Edward Henry Palmer0.68
Talal Itani · George Sale0.67
Talal Itani · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall0.62
Edward Henry Palmer · George Sale0.58
Edward Henry Palmer · John Medows Rodwell0.57
John Medows Rodwell · George Sale0.53
Edward Henry Palmer · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall0.53
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · John Medows Rodwell0.51
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · George Sale0.45
One bar per pair of renderings, longest bar for the pair
sharing fewest words. Every pair is shown; none is singled out.
Method Wording differences — derived 13 September 2026
Method
Mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the lowercased word sets of the cleared translations of each verse. A verse is marked as worded differently when its score falls in the top third of the corpus — the cut set out in Analysis details.
As at
13 September 2026, 10:56 UTC
Gate
verify/divergence_gate.py re-derives and fails on drift
The platform does not say which is right, and does not
characterise what the difference means. The renderings are placed
together so the difference is visible; reading it is the reader's work.