Marked words appear in this translation and in no other English translation of this verse. Common small words and older spellings are not marked. The marks show where the wording differs, not where the meaning does.
He created you from one person, then made from it its mate, and brought down livestock for you-eight kinds in pairs. He creates you in the wombs of your mothers, in successive formations, in a triple darkness. Such is God, your Lord. His is the kingdom. There is no god but He. So what made you deviate?
Translation Talal Itani, ClearQuran·Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1875–1936 · published 1930
He created you from one being, then from that (being) He made its mate; and He hath provided for you of cattle eight kinds. He created you in the wombs of your mothers, creation after creation, in a threefoldgloom. Such is Allah, your Lord. His is the Sovereignty. There is no Allahsave Him. How then are ye turned away
Sources
Translation Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran·Public domain — copyright term expired
Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran·1930 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work
·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026
Edward Henry Palmer1840–1882 · published 1880
He created you from one soul; then He made from it its mate; and He sent down upon you of the cattle four pairs! He creates you in the bellies of your mothers,- creation after creation, in three darknesses. That is God for you! His is the kingdom, there is no god but He; how then can ye be turned away
Sources
Translation Edward Henry Palmer, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
He created you all of one man, from whom He afterwards formed his wife; and of cattle He hath sent down to you four pairs. In the wombs of your mothers did He create you by creation upon creation in triple darkness. It is He who is God your Lord: the kingdom is His: There is no God but He. How then are ye so turned aside from Him
Sources
Translation John Medows Rodwell, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
He created you of one man, and afterwards out of him formed his wife: And He hath bestowed on you four pair of cattle. He formeth you in the wombs of your mothers, by severalgradual formations, within three vails of darkness. This is God your Lord: His is the kingdom: There is no God but He. Why therefore are ye turned aside from the worship of Him to idolatry
Sources
Translation George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an·1734 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work
·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026
Other languages (18)Shqip · Albanian
Ai ju krijoi prej një njeriu të vetëm, pastaj prej tij bëri bashkëshorten e tij dhe krijoi për ju tetë çifte bagëtish. Ai ju krijon në barqet e nënave tuaja, krijim pas krijimi, në tri shtresa errësire. Ky është Allahu, Zoti juaj. Atij i takon sundimi. Askush pos Tij nuk meriton të adhurohet. Pra, përse shmangeni atëherë?!
Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5
বাংলা · Bengali
তিনি তোমাদেরকে সৃষ্টি করেছেন এক ব্যক্তি থেকে, তারপর তা থেকে তার জোড়া সৃষ্টি করেছেন।(৪) আর চতুষ্পদ জন্তু থেকে তোমাদের উদ্দেশ্যে সৃষ্টি করেছেন আট জোড়া(৫); তিনি তোমাদেরকে সৃষ্টি করেন তোমাদের মাতৃগর্ভে: এক সৃষ্টির পর আরেক সৃষ্টি, তিনটি অন্ধকারে(৬); তিনিই হলেন আল্লাহ; তোমাদের রব; রাজত্ব তাঁরই; তিনি ছাড়া কোন (সত্য) ইলাহ নেই। তারপরও তোমাদেরকে কোথায় ফিরানো হচ্ছে?
(৪) পৃথিবীর প্রথম ব্যক্তি আদম এবং তার জোড়া হলো স্ত্রী হাওয়া।
Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Dawah Association in Rabwah, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.2
Bosanski · Bosnian
On vas od jednog čovjeka stvara – a od njega je drúgu njegovu stvorio – i On vam je dao osam vrsta stoke. On vas stvara u utrobama majki vaših, dajući vam likove, jedan za drugim, u tri tmine. To vam je, eto, Allah, Gospodar vaš, Njegova je vlast, nema boga osim Njega – pa kuda se onda odmećete?
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 2.0.4
Hrvatski · Croatian
On vas od jednog čovjeka stvara – a od njega je drúgu njegovu stvorio – i On vam je dao osam vrsta stoke. On vas stvara u utrobama majki vaših, dajući vam likove, jedan za drugim, u trima tminama. To vam je, eto, Allah, Gospodar vaš, Njegova je vlast, nema boga osim Njega – pa kuda se onda odmećete?
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1
Fulfulde · Fulani
O tagii on e fittaandu wooturu, refi Owaɗi e ndun, genndo mayru. O jippinani on e neemoraaɗi ɗin, nooneeji jeetati. Homo taga on ka teege yumma mon en, tagu ɓaawo tagu, e ndeer niɓe tati. Ko On mooɗon Allah, woni Joomi mon ! Ko Kaŋko laamu woodani. Deweteeɗo alaa, si wonaa Allah. Ko honno perlitoraɗon [e dewugol Mo]?
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
ქართული · Georgian
მან შეგქმნათ თქვენ (ო, ადამიანებო) ერთი ადამიანიდან [ადამიდან], შემდეგ კი მისგან შექმნა მისი ცოლი [ევა] და მოავლინა თქვენთვის რვა წყვილი საქონელი[1]. იგი [ალლაჰი] გაჩენთ დედათქვენის საშვილისნოში, ერთ ქმნილებას მეორის შემდეგ [განსაზღვრული განვითარების ეტაპებით] სამ სიბნელეში [სამ შრეში: მუცელში, საშვილისნოში და პლაცენტაში]. აი, ის არის ალლაჰი თქვენი უფალი; მას ეკუთვნის მეუფება. არ არის სხვა ღმერთი [თაყვანისცემის ღირსი], გარდა მისი; და როგორ ხართ (ჭეშმარიტებისაგან) გადახრილნი?!
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.7
Deutsch · German
Er schuf euch aus einem einzigen Wesen, hierauf machte Er aus ihm seine Gattin. Und Er hat für euch an Vieh acht (Tiere) in Paaren herabgesandt. Er erschafft euch in den Leibern eurer Mütter, eine Schöpfung nach der anderen in dreifacher Finsternis. Dies ist doch Allah, euer Herr. Ihm gehört die Herrschaft. Es gibt keinen Anbetungswürdigen außer Ihm. Wie lasst ihr euch also abwenden?
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.15
Ελληνικά · Greek
Σας δημιούργησε όλους από ένα μόνο άτομο (τον Αδάμ), έπειτα, δημιούργησε απ' αυτόν, τη σύζυγό του (την Εύα). Έστειλε σε σας κάτω (στη γη) οκτώ βοοειδή σε ζευγάρια (τις καμήλες, τις αγελάδες, τα πρόβατα και τα κατσίκια). Σας δημιουργεί μέσα στις μήτρες των μητέρων σας, μία δημιουργία (φάση) μετά από την άλλη, μέσα σε τρία στρώματα σκοταδιού. Αυτός είναι ο Αλλάχ, ο Κύριός σας. Σ' Αυτόν ανήκει η Κυριαρχία, και δεν υπάρχει άλλος θεός που αξίζει να λατρεύεται παρά μόνον Αυτός. Πώς λοιπόν απομακρύνεστε (από τη λατρεία προς Αυτόν και λατρεύετε άλλους ψεύτικους θεούς που δεν δημιουργούν τίποτα);
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
हिन्दी · Hindi
उसने तुम्हें एक जान से पैदा किया, फिर उसी से उसका जोड़ा बनाया, तथा तुम्हारे लिए पशुओं में से आठ प्रकार (नर-मादा) उतारे। वह तुम्हें तुम्हारी माताओं के पेटों में, तीन अंधेरों में, एक रचना के बाद दूसरी रचना में, पैदा करता है। यही अल्लाह तुम्हारा पालनहार है। उसी का राज्य है। उसके सिवा कोई (सच्चा) पूज्य नहीं। फिर तुम किस तरह फेरे जाते हो?
Translated by Azizul Haq Al-Omari
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.5
Italiano · Italian
Vi ha creati da una sola anima, poi ha creato la compagna, e vi ha fatto discendere otto coppie di bestiame. Lui vi crea nei ventri delle vostre madri, creazione dopo creazione, in tre tenebre[86]. Quello è Allāh, il vostro Dio; a Lui appartiene il Regno; non c’è divinità all’infuori di Lui: come fate ad allontanarvene?
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
Lietuvių · Lithuanian
6. Jis sukūrė jus (visus) iš vieno asmens (Adamo (Adomo)). Tada jis sukūrė jam jo žmoną [Havą (Ievą)]. Ir Jis nuleido jums aštuonias poras galvijų (dvi avis, patelę ir patiną, dvi ožkas, patelę ir patiną, du jaučius, patelę ir patiną, ir du kupranugarius, patelę ir patiną). Jis sukuria jus jūsų motinų gimdose: kūrimas po kūrimo trijų uždangų tamsumoje. Toks yra Allahas jūsų Viešpats. Jo yra karalystė. La ilaha illa huva (niekas neturi teisės būti garbinamas, tik Jis). Tad kaip jūs nusigręžiate?
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.0
Русский · Russian
Он сотворил вас из одной души, затем создал из неё её пару. И Он ниспослал вам из скота восемь пар. Он творит вас в утробах ваших матерей, творение за творением, в трёх мраках. Таков Аллах, ваш Господь. Ему принадлежит владычество. Нет божества, кроме Него. Так как же вы можете быть настолько отклонены от истины?
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1
Српски · Serbian
Он вас од једног човека ствара – а од њега је жену његову створио – и Он вам је дао осам врста стоке; Он вас ствара у утробама ваших мајки, дајући вам облике, један за другим, у три тмине. То вам је, ето, Аллах, ваш Господар, Његова је власт, нема истинског бога осим Њега, па куда се онда окрећете?
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4
Kiswahili · Swahili
Amewaumba kutokana na nafsi moja. Kisha akamfanya mwenziwe katika nafsi ile ile. Na akawaletea wanyama wa mifugo jozi nane. Anawaumba katika matumbo ya mama zenu, umbo baada ya umbo, katika viza vitatu. Huyu ndiye Mwenyezi Mungu Mola wenu Mlezi. Ufalme ni wake. Hapana mungu isipokuwa Yeye. Basi nyinyi mnageuzwa wapi?
Issued by the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5
Svenska · Swedish
Han skapade er från en enda varelse och från denna skapade han dess maka. Och han skapade boskapen åt er: åtta djurtyper i par. Och han formar er i era mödrars livmödrar; stadie efter stadie, i tre skikt av mörker. Sådan är Gud, er Herre – till honom hör herraväldet. Ingen är värd dyrkan utom han. Hur kan ni då vända er bort?
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
Türkçe · Turkish
Sizi tek bir nefisten yarattı, sonra da ondan kendi eşini var etti ve sizin için hayvanlardan sekiz çift indirdi. Sizi annelerinizin karınlarından üç karanlık içinde, bir yaratılıştan sonra öbür yaratılışa geçirerek yaratmaktadır. İşte Rabbiniz olan Allah budur; mülk de O'nundur. Ondan başka (hak) ilah yoktur. Buna rağmen nereye çevriliyorsunuz?
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4
اردو · Urdu
اس نے تم سب کو ایک ہی جان سے پیدا کیا ہے[1] ، پھر اسی سے اس کا جوڑا پیدا کیا[2] اور تمہارے لئے چوپایوں میں سے (آٹھ نر وماده) اتارے[3] وه تمہیں تمہاری ماؤں کے پیٹوں میں ایک بناوٹ کے بعد دوسری بناوٹ پر بناتا[4] ہے تین تین اندھیروں[5] میں، یہی اللہ تعالیٰ تمہارا رب ہے اسی کے لئے بادشاہت ہے، اس کے سوا کوئی معبود نہیں، پھر تم کہاں بہک رہے ہو.[6]
Translated by Muhammad Ibrahim Junagarhi, developed under the supervision of the Rowwad Translation Center. The original translation is available for the purpose of expressing opinion, evaluation, and continuous development.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.3
About these translations
5 cleared translations, newest first, by year of publication, so the modern English comes before the historical ones. That is an ordering by date, not a judgement. Each is shown complete — this platform never excerpts a translation — and each renders under its translator's name. No translation here is marked as the correct one.
Which translations appear here is set by copyright: they are the ones whose rights could be documented and cleared. The selection is not a judgement that these are the best.
About easy-read
Easy-read
Easy-read is a simplified pronunciation,
not authoritative — a rule-by-rule romanisation, not a reading.
Each verse ends in its pause form, as it is said when you stop there. Pauses inside a verse and other tajwid rules are not shown. It is derived from the Tanzil
Simple edition, while the Arabic above is the
Uthmani edition; both are cleared, but they are not the
same edition and their orthography differs.
Easy-read (simplified)law araada llaahu an yattakhidha waladan llastafaa mimmaa yakhluqu maa yashaa'u subhaanahu huwa llaahu l-waahidu l-qahhaar
DIN 31635law ʾarāda llāhu ʾan yattaḫiḏa waladan llaṣṭafā mimmā yaḫluqu mā yašāʾu subḥānahu huwa llāhu l-wāḥidu l-qahhāru
Talal Itani2012 If God wanted to have a son, He could have selected from His creation at will. Glory be to Him. He is God, the One, the Prevailing.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 If Allah had willed to choose a son, He could have chosen what He would of that which He hath created. Be He Glorified! He is Allah, the One, the Absolute
Edward Henry Palmer1880 Had God wished to take to Himself a child, He would have chosen what He pleased from what He creates;- celebrated be His praises! He is God, the one, the victorious
John Medows Rodwell1861 Had God desired to have had a son, he had surely chosen what he pleased out of his own creation. But praise be to Him! He is God, the One, the Almighty
George Sale1734 If God had been minded to have had a son, He had surely chosen what He pleased out of that which He hath created. But far be such a thing from Him! He is the sole, the almighty God
Talal Itani2012 He created the heavens and the earth with reason. He wraps the night around the day, and He wraps the day around the night. And He regulates the sun and the moon, each running along a specific course. He is indeed the Almighty, the Forgiver.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 He hath created the heavens and the earth with truth. He maketh night to succeed day, and He maketh day to succeed night, and He constraineth the sun and the moon to give service, each running on for an appointed term. Is not He the Mighty, the Forgiver
Edward Henry Palmer1880 He created the heavens and the earth in truth! It is He who clothes the day with night; and clothes the night with day; and subjects the sun and the moon, each one runs on to an appointed time; aye! He is the mighty, the forgiving
John Medows Rodwell1861 For truth hath he created the Heavens and the Earth: It is of Him that the night returneth upon the day and that the day returneth upon the night: and He controlleth the sun and the moon so that each speedeth to an appointed goal. Is He not the Mighty, the Gracious
George Sale1734 He hath created the heavens and the earth with truth: He causeth the night to succeed the day, and He causeth the day to succeed the night, and He obligeth the sun and the moon to perform their services; each of them hasteneth to an appointed period. Is not He the mighty, the forgiver of sins
Talal Itani2012 If you disbelieve, God is Independent of you, yet He does not approve ingratitude on the part of His servants. And if you are thankful, He will approve that in you. No bearer of burden can bear the burden of another. Then to your Lord is your return; and He will inform you of what you used to do. He is aware of what the hearts contain.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 If ye are thankless, yet Allah is Independent of you, though He is not pleased with thanklessness for His bondmen; and if ye are thankful He is pleased therewith for you. No laden soul will bear another's load. Then unto your Lord is your return; and He will tell you what ye used to do. Lo! He knoweth what is in the breasts (of men)
Edward Henry Palmer1880 If ye be thankless, yet is God independent of you. He is not pleased with ingratitude in His servants; but if ye give thanks, He is pleased with that in you. But no burdened soul shall bear the burden of another; then unto your Lord is your return, and He will inform you of that which ye have done. Verily, He knows the natures of men's breasts
John Medows Rodwell1861 Suppose ye render him no thanks! yet forsooth is God rich without you: but He is not pleased with thanklessness in His servants: yet if ye be thankful He will be pleased with you. The soul burdened with its own works shall not be burdened with the burden of another: hereafter shall ye return to your Lord, and he will tell you of all your works, For he knoweth the very secrets of your breasts
George Sale1734 If ye be ungrateful, verily God hath no need of you; yet He liketh not ingratitude in his servants: But if ye be thankful, He will be well pleased with you. A burdened soul shall not bear the burden of another: Hereafter shall ye return unto your Lord, and He shall declare unto you that which ye have wrought, and will reward you accordingly; for He knoweth the innermost parts of your breasts
Easy-read (simplified)wa'idhaa massa l-'insaana durrun da'aa rabbahu muneeban ilayhi thumma idhaa khawwalahu ni'matan minhu nasiya maa kaana yad'oo ilayhi min qablu waja'ala lillaahi andaadan liyudilla 'an sabeelihi qul tamatta' bikufrika qaleelan innaka min ashaabi n-naar
DIN 31635waʾiḏā massa l-ʾinsāna ḍurrun daʿā rabbahu munīban ʾilayhi ṯumma ʾiḏā ḫawwalahu niʿmatan minhu nasiya mā kāna yadʿū ʾilayhi min qablu waǧaʿala lillāhi ʾandādan liyuḍilla ʿan sabīlihi qul tamattaʿ bikufrika qalīlan ʾinnaka min ʾaṣḥābi n-nāri
The translators word this verse differently
Talal Itani2012 When some adversity touches the human being, he prays to his Lord, repenting to Him. But then, when He confers on him a grace of His, he forgets what he was praying for before, and he attributes rivals to God, in order to lead astray from His way. Say, "Enjoy your disbelief for a little while; you will be among the inmates of the Fire."
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 And when some hurt toucheth man, he crieth unto his Lord, turning unto Him (repentant). Then, when He granteth him a boon from Him he forgetteth that for which he cried unto Him before, and setteth up rivals to Allah that he may beguile (men) from his way. Say (O Muhammad, unto such an one): Take pleasure in thy disbelief a while. Lo! thou art of the owners of the Fire
Edward Henry Palmer1880 And when distress touches a man he calls his Lord, turning repentant to Him; then when He confers on him a favour from Himself he forgets what he had called upon Him for before, and makes peers for God to lead astray from His way! Say, 'Enjoy thyself in thy misbelief a little, verily, thou art of the fellows of the Fire
John Medows Rodwell1861 When some trouble toucheth a man, he turneth to his Lord and calleth on him: yet no sooner hath He enriched him with his favour than he forgetteth Him on whom he before had called, and setteth up peers with God, that he may beguile others from His way. SAY: Enjoy thou thyself yet a little in thine ingratitude! but thou shalt surely be one of the inmates of the fire
George Sale1734 When harm befalleth a man, he calleth upon his Lord, and turneth unto Him: Yet afterwards, when God hath bestowed on him favour from himself, he forgetteth that being which he invoked before, and setteth up equals unto God, that he may seduce men from his way. Say unto such a man, enjoy this life in thy infidelity for a little while: But hereafter shalt thou surely be one of the inhabitants of hell fire
These figures count the words the translations share. They measure wording, not meaning, and they do not say which translation is right.
Derived measure: mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the
lowercased word sets of the 5 renderings above —
0.59 on a scale
where 0 means identical wording and 1 means no shared words. It is
computed, not judged.
The page says a verse is worded differently only above the cut below. The cut is a stated convention, not a property of the text, and it can be changed.
The cut
0.644
Share of measured verses above it
33%
Verses above it
2,079
Verses measured
6,236
Talal Itani · George Sale0.69
Edward Henry Palmer · George Sale0.68
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · George Sale0.68
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · John Medows Rodwell0.62
Talal Itani · John Medows Rodwell0.59
Talal Itani · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall0.57
Talal Itani · Edward Henry Palmer0.55
Edward Henry Palmer · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall0.53
Edward Henry Palmer · John Medows Rodwell0.53
John Medows Rodwell · George Sale0.47
One bar per pair of renderings, longest bar for the pair
sharing fewest words. Every pair is shown; none is singled out.
Method Wording differences — derived 13 September 2026
Method
Mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the lowercased word sets of the cleared translations of each verse. A verse is marked as worded differently when its score falls in the top third of the corpus — the cut set out in Analysis details.
As at
13 September 2026, 10:56 UTC
Gate
verify/divergence_gate.py re-derives and fails on drift
The platform does not say which is right, and does not
characterise what the difference means. The renderings are placed
together so the difference is visible; reading it is the reader's work.
Sources, editions and licences for everything above
ReceiptsSource fact
7 sources
stand behind this page. Each is listed once, in the order the page first
cites it, with the licence it was cleared under and what was actually read.
Nothing on this page rests on a source that is not here.
Source Tanzil Qur'an text (Uthmani) · Uthmani, Version 1.1
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.
CLEARED. Licence read verbatim from the block embedded in this very file. Ingested exactly as shipped: no normalisation, no stripping of marks, no Unicode recomposition.
Parsed structurally from the EPUB: an h3 names the surah, one p per verse with its number in its own span. An unnumbered p is the basmala and is not a verse, except in surah 1 where the basmala IS verse 1. 112 unnumbered paragraphs were found, which is 114 surahs less surah 1 and surah 9. Text is stored VERBATIM: NFC normalisation and XML entity unescaping only, because CC BY-ND forbids modification.
CLEARED on a licence read first-hand from the translator's own download page, not from an aggregator. Tanzil also hosts this translation, but under a blanket "non-commercial purposes only" term that directs the user to the translator or publisher for permission - a hosting disclaimer, not a grant - so the grant was taken from the licensor directly. The "God" edition was ingested; ClearQuran also publishes an "Allah" edition, differing in how the divine name is rendered, which is not ingested.
CLEARED ON THE WORK, WITH TWO RECORDED CAVEATS ON THIS COPY. (1) Rights basis is the expired copyright term, NOT the redistributing repository's licence. That repository dedicates its contents to the public domain under the Unlicense while also redistributing plainly in-copyright translations (Abdel Haleem, Saheeh International, The Study Quran), so it is dedicating rights it cannot hold and its blanket grant is not relied upon here. (2) The file declares its own upstream as tanzil.net, and Tanzil attaches a non-commercial condition to its TRANSLATION distributions, though not to its Qur'anic text. Since Pickthall's copyright has expired, nobody holds rights in these words and no licence is required from anyone; Tanzil's terms are a contract binding those who download from Tanzil, which we did not. The chain is nonetheless not spotless and Anwar may prefer a clean digitisation of the 1930 printing. NOT VERIFIED: that this digital text matches the 1930 first printing rather than a later revised edition. No page images were collated. Recorded as unverified rather than presented as established. SERVED TEXT DIFFERS FROM THE CITED FILE AT ONE VERSE, 37:97: the file reads "red-hotfire" (a glued token, also in Gutenberg #16955); the served row reads "red-hot fire", restored 2026-09-13 from Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran (London: George Allen & Unwin, printed for Alfred A. Knopf; 1930), p. 460, XXXVII 97 - scan archive.org in.ernet.dli.2015.216140, PDF page 475; banked data/derivation-sources/pickthall-1930-dli-2015.216140-text.pdf (sha256 70e81146c97fa3a590243a82e04e349108546074787e2551a78c616202138870) on Anwar Malik's grant.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is not stated by the redistributor and the printing is unverified. No statement of purpose is recorded for Palmer because none was sourced from his own preface in this pass; nothing is asserted on his behalf.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. TWO edition caveats. (1) The upstream is not stated by the redistributor. (2) Rodwell's own edition PRESENTS THE SURAHS IN HIS OWN CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER, not the mushaf order — he says so in his preface. This digital text is keyed to mushaf order, so it derives from a restored-order printing (such as the Everyman edition) rather than from Rodwell's own arrangement. Which printing is not stated and has not been established.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is NOT STATED by the redistributor, so the printing it represents is unverified; Sale's text was reprinted and re-edited many times between 1734 and 1900. Recorded as unverified rather than assumed to be the first edition.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.
CLEARED. Parallel edition, held in ayah_text_variants. It sits alongside the Uthmani spine for search normalisation and is never used to correct it.