Marked words appear in this translation and in no other English translation of this verse. Common small words and older spellings are not marked. The marks show where the wording differs, not where the meaning does.
Is he who worshipsdevoutly during the watches of the night, prostrating himself and standing up, mindful of the Hereafter, and placing his hope in the mercy of his Lord? Say, "Are those who know and those who do not know equal?" Only those possessed of reason will remember.
Translation Talal Itani, ClearQuran·Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1875–1936 · published 1930
Is he who payethadoration in the watches of the night, prostrate and standing, bewaring of the Hereafter and hoping for the mercy of his Lord, (to be accounted equal with a disbeliever)? Say (unto them, OMuhammad): Are those who know equal with those who know not? But only men of understanding will pay heed
Sources
Translation Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran·Public domain — copyright term expired
Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran·1930 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work
·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026
Edward Henry Palmer1840–1882 · published 1880
Shall he who is devoutthroughout the night, adoring and standing, cautiousconcerning the hereafter, and hoping for the mercy of his Lord . . . ? Say, 'Shall those who know be deemed equal with those who know not? only those will remember, who are endowed with minds
Sources
Translation Edward Henry Palmer, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
Shall he who observeth the hours of the night, prostrate or standing in devotion, heedful of the life to come, and hoping for the mercy of his Lord . . .? SAY: Shall they who have knowledge and they who have it not, be treatedalike? In sooth, men of understanding only will take the warning
Sources
Translation John Medows Rodwell, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
Shall he who giveth himself up to prayer in the hours of the night, prostrate, and standing, and who taketh heed as to the life to come, and hopeth for the mercy of his Lord, be dealt with as the wickedunbeliever? Say, shall they who know their duty, and they who know it not, be held equal? Verily the men of understanding only will be warned
Sources
Translation George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an·1734 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work
·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026
Other languages (18)Shqip · Albanian
(A është më i mirë ky) apo ai që vazhdimisht falet gjatë natën, duke bërë sexhde e duke qëndruar në këmbë, që ka frikë botën tjetër dhe shpreson në mëshirën e Zotit të vet? Thuaj: "A janë të barabartë ata që dinë me ata që nuk dinë?" Në të vërtetë, vetëm mendarët marrin mësim.
Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5
বাংলা · Bengali
যে ব্যক্তি রাতের বিভিন্ন প্রহরে সাজদাবনত হয়ে ও দাঁড়িয়ে আনুগত্য প্রকাশ করে, আখিরাতকে ভয় করে এবং তার রবের রহমত কামনা করে,(৮) হে রাসূল! তুমি বলো: ‘যারা (৯) জানে আর যারা জানে না, তারা কি সমান?’ বিবেকবান লোকেরাই কেবল উপদেশ গ্রহণ করে।
Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Dawah Association in Rabwah, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.2
Bosanski · Bosnian
Zar je takav onaj koji u noćnim satima u molitvi vrijeme provodi, padajući licem na tlo i stojeći, strahujući od onog svijeta i nadajući se milosti Gospodara svog? Reci: “Zar su isti oni koji znaju i oni koji ne znaju? Samo oni koji pameti imaju pouku primaju!”
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 2.0.4
Hrvatski · Croatian
Zar je takav onaj koji u noćnim satima u molitvi vrijeme provodi, padajući licem na tlo i stojeći, strahujući od onog svijeta i nadajući se milosti Gospodara svog? Reci: “Zar su isti oni koji znaju i oni koji ne znaju? Samo oni koji pameti imaju pouku primaju!”
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1
Fulfulde · Fulani
Kaa ko on yankinotooɗo tummbo jemma, ko o cujjoowo, darotooɗo (naafe), hara homo La'akara, homo joortii yurmeende Joomi makko nden... Maaku: "Hara annduɓe ɓen fotay e ɓe nganndaa ɓen?" Anndu ko waajitotoo, ko joomiraaɓe haqqille ɓeen.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
ქართული · Georgian
(ეს ურწმუნო უკეთესია) თუ ის, ვინც სრულად უძღვნის თავს (ალლაჰის თაყვანისცემას) ღამის საათებში, დამხობილი და ლოცვაში მდგომი, მორჩილი, შიშით მარადიული ცხოვრებისა და იმედით თავისი უფლის წყალობისა? უთხარი (ო, მოციქულო): «განა თანასწორნი არიან ისინი, ვინც იციან (თავიანთი უფალი და ჭეშმარიტი სარწმუნოება) და ისინი, ვინც არ იციან?» მაგრამ (ამ) შეგონებას ისმენენ მხოლოდ გონიერნი.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.7
Deutsch · German
Ist etwa einer, der sich zu (verschiedenen) Stunden der Nacht in demütiger Andacht befindet, (und) sich niederwirft oder aufrecht steht, (und) sich vor dem Jenseits vorsieht und auf seines Herrn Barmherzigkeit hofft (gleich dem, der ungläubig ist)? - Sag: „Sind etwa diejenigen, die wissen, und diejenigen, die nicht wissen, gleich?“ Jedoch bedenken nur diejenigen, die Verstand besitzen.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.15
Ελληνικά · Greek
Είναι δυνατόν ότι αυτός που υπακούει τον Αλλάχ, και κατά τη νύχτα πέφτει σε Σιτζούντ στάση (με το μέτωπο στο έδαφος) και στέκεται (τελώντας τη νυχτερινή προσευχή), φοβούμενος (την τιμωρία κατά) τη Μέλλουσα Ζωή και ελπίζοντας στο Έλεος του Κυρίου του, (να είναι ίσος μ' εκείνον που επικαλείται τον Αλλάχ στις κακουχίες και έπειτα αφού σωθεί, αποδίδει στον Αλλάχ εταίρους στη λατρεία); Πες (ω, Προφήτη): «Είναι αυτοί που γνωρίζουν (τον Κύριο τους και τη θρησκεία Του), ίσοι μ' εκείνους που δε γνωρίζουν;» Πράγματι, θα το λάβουν υπόψη (και ως νουθεσία) μόνο εκείνοι που έχουν υγιή νου (για να το συλλογιστούν).
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
हिन्दी · Hindi
(क्या यह बेहतर) या वह व्यक्ति जो रात की घड़ियों में सजदा करते हुए तथा क़ियाम करते हुए इबादत करने वाला है। आख़िरत का भय रखता है तथा अपने पालनहार की दया की आशा रखता है? आप कह दें कि क्या समान हैं वे लोग जो ज्ञान रखते हों तथा वे जो ज्ञान नहीं रखते? उपदेश तो वही ग्रहण करते हैं, जो बुद्धि वाले हैं।
Translated by Azizul Haq Al-Omari
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.5
Italiano · Italian
Ha uguali chi esercita la devozione prostrandosi e pregando nelle ore notturne, per timore dell’Aldilà, e spera nella misericordia del suo Dio? Di’: «Sono forse uguali quelli che sanno e quelli che non sanno?» In verità su questo riflettono quelli che hanno intelletto.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
Lietuvių · Lithuanian
9. Ar tas, kuris paklūsta Allahui nusižemindamas arba stovėdamas (maldoje) nakties valandomis, bijodamas Amžinybės ir tikėdamasis savo Viešpaties Gailestingumo (kaip tas, kuris netiki)? Sakyk: „Argi tie, kurie žino, lygūs tiems, kurie nežino?“ Tai tik suvokiantys žmonės, kurie prisimins (t. y. gaus pamoką iš Allaho Ženklų ir Eilučių).
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.0
Русский · Russian
Неужели тот, кто поклоняется в часы ночи — падая ниц и стоя [в молитве], опасаясь Последней жизни и надеясь на милость своего Господа, [подобен тому, кто не таков]? Скажи: «Неужели равны те, которые знают, и те, которые не знают?» Воистину, внемлют напоминанию лишь обладатели разума.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1
Српски · Serbian
Зар је такав као онај који у ноћним сатима проводи време у молитви, падајући лицем на тло и стојећи, страхујући од Судњег дана и надајући се милости свога Господара?! Реци: „Зар су исти они који знају и они који не знају?! Само они који памети имају поуку примају!”
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4
Kiswahili · Swahili
Je, afanyaye ibada nyakati za usiku kwa kusujudu na kusimama akitahadhari na Akhera, na akitaraji rehema za Mola wake Mlezi... Sema: Ati watakuwa sawa wale wanaojua na wale wasiojua? Hakika wanaokumbuka ni watu wenye akili.
Issued by the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5
Svenska · Swedish
Kan den [otrogne likställas med den] som ödmjukt tillbringar nätterna i bön – än fallande på sitt ansikte, än stående – i bävan för det kommande livet och i hopp om sin Herres nåd? Säg: ”Är de som har kunskap likvärdiga med de som saknar den?” Endast de som använder sitt förstånd tar lärdom.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
Türkçe · Turkish
(Küfre sapan kimse,) Gece saatlerinde kalkıp da secde ederek ve kıyama durarak gönülden itaat (ibadet) eden, ahiretten sakınan ve Rabbinin rahmetini umut eden (kimse gibi) midir? De ki: “Hiç bilenlerle bilmeyenler bir olur mu? Ancak akıl sahipleri düşünüp öğüt alır."
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4
اردو · Urdu
بھلا جو شخص راتوں کے اوقات سجدے اور قیام کی حالت میں (عبادت میں) گزارتا ہو، آخرت سے ڈرتا ہو اور اپنے رب کی رحمت کی امید رکھتا ہو[1] ، (اور جو اس کے برعکس ہو برابر ہو سکتے ہیں) بتاؤ تو علم والے اور بے علم کیا برابر کے ہیں[2]؟ یقیناً نصیحت وہی حاصل کرتے ہیں جو عقلمند ہوں۔ (اپنے رب کی طرف سے).[3]
Translated by Muhammad Ibrahim Junagarhi, developed under the supervision of the Rowwad Translation Center. The original translation is available for the purpose of expressing opinion, evaluation, and continuous development.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.3
About these translations
5 cleared translations, newest first, by year of publication, so the modern English comes before the historical ones. That is an ordering by date, not a judgement. Each is shown complete — this platform never excerpts a translation — and each renders under its translator's name. No translation here is marked as the correct one.
Which translations appear here is set by copyright: they are the ones whose rights could be documented and cleared. The selection is not a judgement that these are the best.
About easy-read
Easy-read
Easy-read is a simplified pronunciation,
not authoritative — a rule-by-rule romanisation, not a reading.
Each verse ends in its pause form, as it is said when you stop there. Pauses inside a verse and other tajwid rules are not shown. It is derived from the Tanzil
Simple edition, while the Arabic above is the
Uthmani edition; both are cleared, but they are not the
same edition and their orthography differs.
Talal Itani2012 If you disbelieve, God is Independent of you, yet He does not approve ingratitude on the part of His servants. And if you are thankful, He will approve that in you. No bearer of burden can bear the burden of another. Then to your Lord is your return; and He will inform you of what you used to do. He is aware of what the hearts contain.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 If ye are thankless, yet Allah is Independent of you, though He is not pleased with thanklessness for His bondmen; and if ye are thankful He is pleased therewith for you. No laden soul will bear another's load. Then unto your Lord is your return; and He will tell you what ye used to do. Lo! He knoweth what is in the breasts (of men)
Edward Henry Palmer1880 If ye be thankless, yet is God independent of you. He is not pleased with ingratitude in His servants; but if ye give thanks, He is pleased with that in you. But no burdened soul shall bear the burden of another; then unto your Lord is your return, and He will inform you of that which ye have done. Verily, He knows the natures of men's breasts
John Medows Rodwell1861 Suppose ye render him no thanks! yet forsooth is God rich without you: but He is not pleased with thanklessness in His servants: yet if ye be thankful He will be pleased with you. The soul burdened with its own works shall not be burdened with the burden of another: hereafter shall ye return to your Lord, and he will tell you of all your works, For he knoweth the very secrets of your breasts
George Sale1734 If ye be ungrateful, verily God hath no need of you; yet He liketh not ingratitude in his servants: But if ye be thankful, He will be well pleased with you. A burdened soul shall not bear the burden of another: Hereafter shall ye return unto your Lord, and He shall declare unto you that which ye have wrought, and will reward you accordingly; for He knoweth the innermost parts of your breasts
Easy-read (simplified)wa'idhaa massa l-'insaana durrun da'aa rabbahu muneeban ilayhi thumma idhaa khawwalahu ni'matan minhu nasiya maa kaana yad'oo ilayhi min qablu waja'ala lillaahi andaadan liyudilla 'an sabeelihi qul tamatta' bikufrika qaleelan innaka min ashaabi n-naar
DIN 31635waʾiḏā massa l-ʾinsāna ḍurrun daʿā rabbahu munīban ʾilayhi ṯumma ʾiḏā ḫawwalahu niʿmatan minhu nasiya mā kāna yadʿū ʾilayhi min qablu waǧaʿala lillāhi ʾandādan liyuḍilla ʿan sabīlihi qul tamattaʿ bikufrika qalīlan ʾinnaka min ʾaṣḥābi n-nāri
The translators word this verse differently
Talal Itani2012 When some adversity touches the human being, he prays to his Lord, repenting to Him. But then, when He confers on him a grace of His, he forgets what he was praying for before, and he attributes rivals to God, in order to lead astray from His way. Say, "Enjoy your disbelief for a little while; you will be among the inmates of the Fire."
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 And when some hurt toucheth man, he crieth unto his Lord, turning unto Him (repentant). Then, when He granteth him a boon from Him he forgetteth that for which he cried unto Him before, and setteth up rivals to Allah that he may beguile (men) from his way. Say (O Muhammad, unto such an one): Take pleasure in thy disbelief a while. Lo! thou art of the owners of the Fire
Edward Henry Palmer1880 And when distress touches a man he calls his Lord, turning repentant to Him; then when He confers on him a favour from Himself he forgets what he had called upon Him for before, and makes peers for God to lead astray from His way! Say, 'Enjoy thyself in thy misbelief a little, verily, thou art of the fellows of the Fire
John Medows Rodwell1861 When some trouble toucheth a man, he turneth to his Lord and calleth on him: yet no sooner hath He enriched him with his favour than he forgetteth Him on whom he before had called, and setteth up peers with God, that he may beguile others from His way. SAY: Enjoy thou thyself yet a little in thine ingratitude! but thou shalt surely be one of the inmates of the fire
George Sale1734 When harm befalleth a man, he calleth upon his Lord, and turneth unto Him: Yet afterwards, when God hath bestowed on him favour from himself, he forgetteth that being which he invoked before, and setteth up equals unto God, that he may seduce men from his way. Say unto such a man, enjoy this life in thy infidelity for a little while: But hereafter shalt thou surely be one of the inhabitants of hell fire
Talal Itani2012 Say, "O My devotees who have believed, keep your duty to your Lord. For those who do good in this world, is goodness. And God's earth is vast. The steadfast will be paid their wages in full, without reckoning."
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 Say: O My bondmen who believe! Observe your duty to your Lord. For those who do good in this world there is good, and Allah's earth is spacious. Verily the steadfast will be paid their wages without stint
Edward Henry Palmer1880 Say, 'O my servants who believe! fear your Lord! for those who do well in this world is good, and God's earth is spacious; verily, the patient shall be paid their hire without count
John Medows Rodwell1861 SAY: O my believing servants, fear your Lord. For those who do good in this world there is good: and broad is God's earth - verily those who endure with patience shall be repaid: their reward shall not be by measure
George Sale1734 Say, O my servants who believe, fear your Lord. They who do good in this world, shall obtain good in the next; and God's earth is spacious: Verily those who persevere with patience shall receive their recompense without measure
These figures count the words the translations share. They measure wording, not meaning, and they do not say which translation is right.
Derived measure: mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the
lowercased word sets of the 5 renderings above —
0.63 on a scale
where 0 means identical wording and 1 means no shared words. It is
computed, not judged.
The page says a verse is worded differently only above the cut below. The cut is a stated convention, not a property of the text, and it can be changed.
The cut
0.644
Share of measured verses above it
33%
Verses above it
2,079
Verses measured
6,236
Talal Itani · John Medows Rodwell0.75
Talal Itani · George Sale0.69
Edward Henry Palmer · John Medows Rodwell0.68
Edward Henry Palmer · George Sale0.67
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · John Medows Rodwell0.63
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · George Sale0.61
Talal Itani · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall0.61
Talal Itani · Edward Henry Palmer0.57
Edward Henry Palmer · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall0.56
John Medows Rodwell · George Sale0.53
One bar per pair of renderings, longest bar for the pair
sharing fewest words. Every pair is shown; none is singled out.
Method Wording differences — derived 13 September 2026
Method
Mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the lowercased word sets of the cleared translations of each verse. A verse is marked as worded differently when its score falls in the top third of the corpus — the cut set out in Analysis details.
As at
13 September 2026, 10:56 UTC
Gate
verify/divergence_gate.py re-derives and fails on drift
The platform does not say which is right, and does not
characterise what the difference means. The renderings are placed
together so the difference is visible; reading it is the reader's work.
Sources, editions and licences for everything above
ReceiptsSource fact
7 sources
stand behind this page. Each is listed once, in the order the page first
cites it, with the licence it was cleared under and what was actually read.
Nothing on this page rests on a source that is not here.
Source Tanzil Qur'an text (Uthmani) · Uthmani, Version 1.1
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.
CLEARED. Licence read verbatim from the block embedded in this very file. Ingested exactly as shipped: no normalisation, no stripping of marks, no Unicode recomposition.
Parsed structurally from the EPUB: an h3 names the surah, one p per verse with its number in its own span. An unnumbered p is the basmala and is not a verse, except in surah 1 where the basmala IS verse 1. 112 unnumbered paragraphs were found, which is 114 surahs less surah 1 and surah 9. Text is stored VERBATIM: NFC normalisation and XML entity unescaping only, because CC BY-ND forbids modification.
CLEARED on a licence read first-hand from the translator's own download page, not from an aggregator. Tanzil also hosts this translation, but under a blanket "non-commercial purposes only" term that directs the user to the translator or publisher for permission - a hosting disclaimer, not a grant - so the grant was taken from the licensor directly. The "God" edition was ingested; ClearQuran also publishes an "Allah" edition, differing in how the divine name is rendered, which is not ingested.
CLEARED ON THE WORK, WITH TWO RECORDED CAVEATS ON THIS COPY. (1) Rights basis is the expired copyright term, NOT the redistributing repository's licence. That repository dedicates its contents to the public domain under the Unlicense while also redistributing plainly in-copyright translations (Abdel Haleem, Saheeh International, The Study Quran), so it is dedicating rights it cannot hold and its blanket grant is not relied upon here. (2) The file declares its own upstream as tanzil.net, and Tanzil attaches a non-commercial condition to its TRANSLATION distributions, though not to its Qur'anic text. Since Pickthall's copyright has expired, nobody holds rights in these words and no licence is required from anyone; Tanzil's terms are a contract binding those who download from Tanzil, which we did not. The chain is nonetheless not spotless and Anwar may prefer a clean digitisation of the 1930 printing. NOT VERIFIED: that this digital text matches the 1930 first printing rather than a later revised edition. No page images were collated. Recorded as unverified rather than presented as established. SERVED TEXT DIFFERS FROM THE CITED FILE AT ONE VERSE, 37:97: the file reads "red-hotfire" (a glued token, also in Gutenberg #16955); the served row reads "red-hot fire", restored 2026-09-13 from Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran (London: George Allen & Unwin, printed for Alfred A. Knopf; 1930), p. 460, XXXVII 97 - scan archive.org in.ernet.dli.2015.216140, PDF page 475; banked data/derivation-sources/pickthall-1930-dli-2015.216140-text.pdf (sha256 70e81146c97fa3a590243a82e04e349108546074787e2551a78c616202138870) on Anwar Malik's grant.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is not stated by the redistributor and the printing is unverified. No statement of purpose is recorded for Palmer because none was sourced from his own preface in this pass; nothing is asserted on his behalf.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. TWO edition caveats. (1) The upstream is not stated by the redistributor. (2) Rodwell's own edition PRESENTS THE SURAHS IN HIS OWN CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER, not the mushaf order — he says so in his preface. This digital text is keyed to mushaf order, so it derives from a restored-order printing (such as the Everyman edition) rather than from Rodwell's own arrangement. Which printing is not stated and has not been established.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is NOT STATED by the redistributor, so the printing it represents is unverified; Sale's text was reprinted and re-edited many times between 1734 and 1900. Recorded as unverified rather than assumed to be the first edition.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.
CLEARED. Parallel edition, held in ayah_text_variants. It sits alongside the Uthmani spine for search normalisation and is never used to correct it.