Marked words appear in this translation and in no other English translation of this verse. Common small words and older spellings are not marked. The marks show where the wording differs, not where the meaning does.
Talal Itani· published 2012
O People of the Book! Our Messenger has come to you, making things clear to you-after a cessation of messengers-so that you cannot say, "No preacher has come to us, and no warner." In fact, a preacher has come to you, and a warner; and God is Capable of everything.
Translation Talal Itani, ClearQuran·Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1875–1936 · published 1930
O People of the Scripture! Now hath Our messenger come unto you to make things plain unto you after an interval (of cessation) of the messengers, lest ye should say: There came not unto us a messenger of cheer nor any warner. Now hath a messenger of cheer and a warner come unto you. Allah is Able to do all things
Sources
Translation Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran·Public domain — copyright term expired
Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran·1930 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work
·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026
Edward Henry Palmer1840–1882 · published 1880
O people of the Book! our Apostle has come to you, explaining to you the interval of apostles; lest ye say, 'There came not to us a herald of glad tidings nor a warner.' But there has come to you now a herald of glad tidings and a warner, and God is mighty over all
Sources
Translation Edward Henry Palmer, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
O people of the Book! now hath our Apostle come to you to clear up to you the cessation of Apostles, lest you should say, "There hath come to us no bearer of good tidings, nor any warner." But now hath a bearer of good tidings and a warner reached you. And God is Almighty
Sources
Translation John Medows Rodwell, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
O ye who have received the scriptures, now is our apostle come unto you, declaring unto you the truereligion, during the cessation of apostles, lest ye should say, there came unto us no bearer of good tidings, nor any warner: But now is a bearer of good tidings, and a warner come unto you; and God is almighty
Sources
Translation George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an·1734 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work
·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026
Other languages (18)Shqip · Albanian
O ithtarë të Librit! Juve ju erdhi i Dërguari Ynë pas një periudhe ndërprerjeje (të vargut) të të dërguarve, i cili jua sqaron gjërat, që ju të mos thoni: "Nuk na ka ardhur asnjë përgëzues e as paralajmërues". Ja, ju erdhi përgëzuesi e paralajmëruesi. Allahu është i Plotfuqishëm për çdo gjë.
Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5
বাংলা · Bengali
হে আহলে কিতাব! তোমাদের নিকট আমার রাসূলএসেছে, দীর্ঘকাল রাসূলগণের আগমন বন্ধ থাকার পরে, সে তোমাদের কাছে সুস্পষ্ট বর্ণনা করছে, যেন তোমরা বলতে না পারো যে, ‘আমাদের নিকট কোন সুসংবাদদাতা কিংবা সতর্ককারী আসেনি।’ অবশ্যই তোমাদের নিকট সুসংবাদদাতা ও সতর্ককারী এসেছে। আর আল্লাহ সব কিছুর ওপর ক্ষমতাবান।
Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Dawah Association in Rabwah, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.2
Bosanski · Bosnian
O vi kojima je data Knjiga, došao vam je Poslanik Naš – nakon što je neko vrijeme prekinuto slanje poslanika – da vam objasni, da ne biste rekli: "Nije nam dolazio ni onaj koji donosi radosne vijesti ni onaj koji upozorava!" Pa, došao vam je, eto, onaj koji donosi radosne vijesti i koji upozorava. A Allah nad svime ima moć.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 2.0.4
Hrvatski · Croatian
O vi kojima je data Knjiga, došao vam je Poslanik Naš – nakon što je neko vrijeme prekinuto slanje poslanika – da vam objasni, da ne biste rekli: "Nije nam dolazio ni onaj koji donosi radosne vijesti ni onaj koji upozorava!" Pa, došao vam je, eto, onaj koji donosi radosne vijesti i koji upozorava. A Allah nad svime ima moć.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1
Fulfulde · Fulani
Eehey mon yo yimɓe defte, gooŋɗii nulaaɗo amen o arii e mon hombo feññinana on e dow taƴontinnde(fatra) immorde e nulaaɓe, fii wata on mbi'i: "Araani e amen beltinoowo, wonaa jeertinoowo". Gooŋɗii arii e mon beltinoowo, e jeertinoowo. Alla ko kattanɗo kala huunde.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
ქართული · Georgian
ჰეი, წიგნის ხალხო [იუდეველებო და ქრისტიანებო]! უკვე მოვიდა თქვენთან ჩვენი შუამავალი, რომელიც განგიმარტავთ ჭეშმარიტებას და სწორ გზას, მას შემდეგ რაც შუამავალთა მოსვლას შორის შესვენება იყო [დიდი დრო გავიდა შუამავალ 'ისას მოსვლის შემდეგ]. რათა თქვენ არ თქვათ: «ჩვენთან არ მოსულა არც მახარობელი და არც შემგონებელი!» და უკვე მოვიდა თქვენთან მახარობელი და გამაფრთხილებელი (მუჰამმად შუამავალი). და ალლაჰი ყოვლისშემძლეა ყოველივეზე.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.7
Deutsch · German
O Leute der Schrift, Unser Gesandter ist bereits zu euch gekommen, um euch nach einer Unterbrechungszeit (in der Reihe) der Gesandten Klarheit zu geben, damit ihr (nicht etwa) sagt: „Zu uns ist kein Frohbote und kein Warner gekommen.“ Ein Frohbote und ein Warner ist bereits zu euch gekommen. Und Allah hat zu allem die Macht.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.15
Ελληνικά · Greek
Ω, λαοί του Βιβλίου (Εβραίοι και Χριστιανοί)! Πράγματι, ήρθε σ' εσάς ο Αγγελιαφόρος Μας, για να σας διασαφηνίσει (την αλήθεια και την καθοδήγηση), μετά από ένα χρονικό διάστημα κατά το οποίο δεν στάλθηκαν Αγγελιαφόροι (το οποίο είναι το διάστημα ανάμεσα στον Ιησού και τον Μωχάμμαντ), ώστε να μην πείτε: «Δεν μας ήρθε κανένας Αγγελιαφόρος χαρμόσυνων ειδήσεων ούτε κανένας προειδοποιητής.» Τώρα, σας ήρθε ένας Αγγελιαφόρος χαρμόσυνων ειδήσεων και προειδοποιητής. Πράγματι, ο Αλλάχ είναι για τα πάντα Ικανός.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
हिन्दी · Hindi
ऐ किताब वालो! निःसंदेह तुम्हारे पास हमारा रसूल[21] आया है, जो तुम्हारे लिए खोलकर बयान करता है, रसूलों के एक अंतराल के बाद, ताकि तुम यह न कहो कि हमारे पास न कोई शुभ सूचना देने वाला आया और न डराने वाला। तो निश्चय तुम्हारे पास एक शुभ सूचना देने वाला और डराने वाला आ चुका है। तथा अल्लाह हर चीज़ पर शक्ति रखने वाला है।
Translated by Azizul Haq Al-Omari
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.5
Italiano · Italian
O gente del Libro, è venuto a voi il Nostro Messaggero per chiarirvi dopo un periodo che non vennero più Messaggeri, perché non diciate: «Non ci arrivò Messaggero né ammonitore!» Ma vi è arrivato Messaggero e Ammonitore. E Allāh è Onnipotente.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
Lietuvių · Lithuanian
19. O Rašto žmonės (judėjai ir krikščionys)! Dabar atėjo pas jus Mūsų Pasiuntinys (Muchammedas ﷺ ), išaiškinadamas jums (viską), po Pasiuntinių (siuntimo) pertraukos, kad jūs nesakytumėte: „Neatėjo pas mus joks gerų žinių nešėjas ir joks perspėtojas.[8]“ Tačiau, dabar atėjo pas jus gerų žinių nešėjas ir perspėtojas. Ir Allahas Gali padaryti viską.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.0
Русский · Russian
О люди Писания! Несомненно, к вам пришёл Наш Посланник, который разъясняет вам после перерыва в череде посланников, чтобы вы не сказали: «К нам не приходил ни благовестник, ни предостерегающий». К вам уже пришёл благовестник и предостерегающий. Аллах всемогущ над всем сущим.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1
Српски · Serbian
О ви којима је дата Књига, дошао вам је Наш Посланик, након што је неко време прекинуто слање посланика, да вам објасни, да не бисте рекли: „Није нам долазио ни онај који доноси радосне вести ни онај који упозорава!“ Па, дошао вам је, ето, онај који доноси радосне вести и који упозорава. А Аллах над свиме има моћ.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4
Kiswahili · Swahili
Enyi Watu wa Kitabu! Bila ya shaka amewajia Mtume wetu akiwabainishia katika wakati usiokuwa na Mitume, ili msije mkasema: 'Hakutujia mbashiri wala mwonyaji.' Basi kwa hakika amekwisha wajia mbashiri na mwonyaji. Na Mwenyezi Mungu ana uweza juu ya kila kitu.
Issued by the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5
Svenska · Swedish
Skriftens folk! Efter ett uppehåll utan sändebud har vårt sändebud kommit till er för att ge klarhet, så att ni inte ska kunna säga: ”Ingen förkunnare av glädjebudskap eller varningar kom till oss!” Nu har en förkunnare av glädjebudskap och varningar nått er. Gud har makt över allt.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
Türkçe · Turkish
Ey Ehl-i Kitap! Peygamberlerin arasının kesildiği bir dönemde; “Bize, müjdeci ve uyarıcı gelmedi.” demeyesiniz diye, size gerçekleri açıkça anlatan Rasûlümüz geldi. O, müjdeci ve uyarıcı olarak gelmiştir. Allah’ın her şeye gücü yeter.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4
اردو · Urdu
اے اہل کتاب! بالیقین ہمارا رسول تمہارے پاس رسولوں کی آمد کے ایک وقفے کے بعد آ پہنچا ہے۔ جو تمہارے لئے صاف صاف بیان کر رہا ہے تاکہ تمہاری یہ بات نہ ره جائے کہ ہمارے پاس تو کوئی بھلائی، برائی سنانے واﻻ آیا ہی نہیں، پس اب تو یقیناً خوشخبری سنانے واﻻ اور آگاه کرنے واﻻ آ پہنچا[1] اور اللہ تعالیٰ ہر چیز پر قادر ہے۔
Translated by Muhammad Ibrahim Junagarhi, developed under the supervision of the Rowwad Translation Center. The original translation is available for the purpose of expressing opinion, evaluation, and continuous development.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.3
About these translations
5 cleared translations, newest first, by year of publication, so the modern English comes before the historical ones. That is an ordering by date, not a judgement. Each is shown complete — this platform never excerpts a translation — and each renders under its translator's name. No translation here is marked as the correct one.
Which translations appear here is set by copyright: they are the ones whose rights could be documented and cleared. The selection is not a judgement that these are the best.
About easy-read
Easy-read
Easy-read is a simplified pronunciation,
not authoritative — a rule-by-rule romanisation, not a reading.
Each verse ends in its pause form, as it is said when you stop there. Pauses inside a verse and other tajwid rules are not shown. It is derived from the Tanzil
Simple edition, while the Arabic above is the
Uthmani edition; both are cleared, but they are not the
same edition and their orthography differs.
Talal Itani2012 They disbelieve those who say, "God is the Christ, the son of Mary." Say, "Who can prevent God, if He willed, from annihilating the Christ son of Mary, and his mother, and everyone on earth?" To God belongs the sovereignty of the heavens and the earth and what is between them. He creates whatever He wills, and God has power over everything.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 They indeed have disbelieved who say: Lo! Allah is the Messiah, son of Mary. Say: Who then can do aught against Allah, if He had willed to destroy the Messiah son of Mary, and his mother and everyone on earth? Allah's is the Sovereignty of the heavens and the earth and all that is between them. He createth what He will. And Allah is Able to do all things
Edward Henry Palmer1880 They misbelieve who say, 'Verily, God is the Messiah the son of Mary;' say, 'Who has any hold on God, if he wished to destroy the Messiah the son of Mary, and his mother, and those who are on earth altogether?' God's is the kingdom of the heavens and the earth and what is between the two; He createth what He will, for God is mighty over all
John Medows Rodwell1861 Infidels now are they who say, "Verily God is the Messiah Ibn Maryam (son of Mary)! SAY: And who could aught obtain from God, if he chose to destroy the Messiah Ibn Maryam, and his mother, and all who are on the earth together? For with God is the sovereignty of the Heavens and of the Earth, and of all that is between them! He createth what He will; and over all things is God potent
George Sale1734 They are infidels, who say, verily God is Christ the son of Mary. Say unto them, and who could obtain any thing from God to the contrary, if he pleased to destroy Christ the son of Mary, and his mother, and all those who are on the earth? For unto God belongeth the kingdom of heaven and earth, and whatsoever is contained between them; he createth what he pleaseth, and God is almighty
DIN 31635waqālati l-yahūdu wan-naṣārā naḥnu ʾabnāʾu llāhi waʾaḥibbāʾuhu qul falima yuʿaḏḏibukum biḏunūbikum bal ʾantum bašarun mimman ḫalaqa yaġfiru liman yašāʾu wayuʿaḏḏibu man yašāʾu walillāhi mulku s-samāwāti wal-ʾarḍi wamā baynahumā waʾilayhi l-maṣīru
Talal Itani2012 The Jews and the Christians say, "We are the children of God, and His beloved." Say, "Why then does He punish you for your sins?" In fact, you are humans from among those He created. He forgives whom He wills, and He punishes whom He wills. To God belongs the dominion of the heavens and the earth and what lies between them, and to Him is the return.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 The Jews and Christians say: We are sons of Allah and His loved ones. Say: Why then doth He chastise you for your sins? Nay, ye are but mortals of His creating. He forgiveth whom He will, and chastiseth whom He will. Allah's is the Sovereignty of the heavens and the earth and all that is between them, and unto Him is the journeying
Edward Henry Palmer1880 But the Jews and the Christians say, 'We are the sons of God and His beloved.' Say, 'Why then does He punish you for your sins? nay, ye are mortals of those whom He has created! He pardons whom He pleases, and punishes whom He pleases; for God's is the kingdom of the heavens and the earth, and what is between the two, and unto Him the journey is
John Medows Rodwell1861 Say the Jews and Christians, "Sons are we of God and his beloved." SAY: Why then doth he chastise you for your sins? Nay! ye are but a part of the men whom he hath created! He will pardon whom he pleaseth, and chastise whom he pleaseth, and with God is the sovereignty of the Heavens and of the Earth, and of all that is between them, and unto Him shall all things return
George Sale1734 The Jews and the Christians say, we are the children of God, and his beloved. Answer, why therefore doth he punish you for your sins? Nay, but ye are men, of those whom he hath created. He forgiveth whom he pleaseth, and punisheth whom he pleaseth, and unto God belongeth the kingdom of heaven and earth, and of what is contained between them both; and unto him shall all things return
Talal Itani2012 When Moses said to his people, "O my people, remember God's blessings upon you, when He placed prophets among you, and made you kings, and gave you what He never gave any other people."
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 And (remember) when Moses said unto his people: O my people! Remember Allah's favour unto you, how He placed among you prophets, and He made you kings, and gave you that (which) He gave not to any (other) of (His) creatures
Edward Henry Palmer1880 When Moses said to his people, 'O my people! remember the favour of God towards you when He made amongst you prophets, and made for you kings, and brought you what never was brought to anybody in the worlds
John Medows Rodwell1861 And remember when Moses said to his people, "O my people! call to mind the goodness of God towards you when he appointed Prophets among you, and appointed you kings, and gave you what never had been given before to any human beings
George Sale1734 Call to mind when Moses said unto his people, O my people, remember the favour of God towards you, since he hath appointed prophets among you, and constituted you kings, and bestowed on you what he hath given to no other nation in the world
Talal Itani2012 "O my people, enter the Holy Land which God has assigned for you, and do not turn back, lest you return as losers."
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 O my people! Go into the holy land which Allah hath ordained for you. Turn not in flight, for surely ye turn back as losers
Edward Henry Palmer1880 O my people! enter the Holy Land which God has prescribed for you; and be ye not thrust back upon your hinder parts and retreat losers
John Medows Rodwell1861 Enter, O my people! the holy land which God hath destined for you. Turn not back, lest ye be overthrown to your ruin
George Sale1734 O my people, enter the holy land, which God hath decreed you, and turn not your backs, lest ye be subverted and perish
These figures count the words the translations share. They measure wording, not meaning, and they do not say which translation is right.
Derived measure: mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the
lowercased word sets of the 5 renderings above —
0.59 on a scale
where 0 means identical wording and 1 means no shared words. It is
computed, not judged.
The page says a verse is worded differently only above the cut below. The cut is a stated convention, not a property of the text, and it can be changed.
The cut
0.644
Share of measured verses above it
33%
Verses above it
2,079
Verses measured
6,236
Talal Itani · George Sale0.74
Talal Itani · Edward Henry Palmer0.68
Talal Itani · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall0.65
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · George Sale0.61
Talal Itani · John Medows Rodwell0.61
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · John Medows Rodwell0.58
Edward Henry Palmer · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall0.57
Edward Henry Palmer · George Sale0.57
Edward Henry Palmer · John Medows Rodwell0.50
John Medows Rodwell · George Sale0.39
One bar per pair of renderings, longest bar for the pair
sharing fewest words. Every pair is shown; none is singled out.
Method Wording differences — derived 13 September 2026
Method
Mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the lowercased word sets of the cleared translations of each verse. A verse is marked as worded differently when its score falls in the top third of the corpus — the cut set out in Analysis details.
As at
13 September 2026, 10:56 UTC
Gate
verify/divergence_gate.py re-derives and fails on drift
The platform does not say which is right, and does not
characterise what the difference means. The renderings are placed
together so the difference is visible; reading it is the reader's work.
7 sources
stand behind this page. Each is listed once, in the order the page first
cites it, with the licence it was cleared under and what was actually read.
Nothing on this page rests on a source that is not here.
Source Tanzil Qur'an text (Uthmani) · Uthmani, Version 1.1
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.
CLEARED. Licence read verbatim from the block embedded in this very file. Ingested exactly as shipped: no normalisation, no stripping of marks, no Unicode recomposition.
Parsed structurally from the EPUB: an h3 names the surah, one p per verse with its number in its own span. An unnumbered p is the basmala and is not a verse, except in surah 1 where the basmala IS verse 1. 112 unnumbered paragraphs were found, which is 114 surahs less surah 1 and surah 9. Text is stored VERBATIM: NFC normalisation and XML entity unescaping only, because CC BY-ND forbids modification.
CLEARED on a licence read first-hand from the translator's own download page, not from an aggregator. Tanzil also hosts this translation, but under a blanket "non-commercial purposes only" term that directs the user to the translator or publisher for permission - a hosting disclaimer, not a grant - so the grant was taken from the licensor directly. The "God" edition was ingested; ClearQuran also publishes an "Allah" edition, differing in how the divine name is rendered, which is not ingested.
CLEARED ON THE WORK, WITH TWO RECORDED CAVEATS ON THIS COPY. (1) Rights basis is the expired copyright term, NOT the redistributing repository's licence. That repository dedicates its contents to the public domain under the Unlicense while also redistributing plainly in-copyright translations (Abdel Haleem, Saheeh International, The Study Quran), so it is dedicating rights it cannot hold and its blanket grant is not relied upon here. (2) The file declares its own upstream as tanzil.net, and Tanzil attaches a non-commercial condition to its TRANSLATION distributions, though not to its Qur'anic text. Since Pickthall's copyright has expired, nobody holds rights in these words and no licence is required from anyone; Tanzil's terms are a contract binding those who download from Tanzil, which we did not. The chain is nonetheless not spotless and Anwar may prefer a clean digitisation of the 1930 printing. NOT VERIFIED: that this digital text matches the 1930 first printing rather than a later revised edition. No page images were collated. Recorded as unverified rather than presented as established. SERVED TEXT DIFFERS FROM THE CITED FILE AT ONE VERSE, 37:97: the file reads "red-hotfire" (a glued token, also in Gutenberg #16955); the served row reads "red-hot fire", restored 2026-09-13 from Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran (London: George Allen & Unwin, printed for Alfred A. Knopf; 1930), p. 460, XXXVII 97 - scan archive.org in.ernet.dli.2015.216140, PDF page 475; banked data/derivation-sources/pickthall-1930-dli-2015.216140-text.pdf (sha256 70e81146c97fa3a590243a82e04e349108546074787e2551a78c616202138870) on Anwar Malik's grant.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is not stated by the redistributor and the printing is unverified. No statement of purpose is recorded for Palmer because none was sourced from his own preface in this pass; nothing is asserted on his behalf.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. TWO edition caveats. (1) The upstream is not stated by the redistributor. (2) Rodwell's own edition PRESENTS THE SURAHS IN HIS OWN CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER, not the mushaf order — he says so in his preface. This digital text is keyed to mushaf order, so it derives from a restored-order printing (such as the Everyman edition) rather than from Rodwell's own arrangement. Which printing is not stated and has not been established.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is NOT STATED by the redistributor, so the printing it represents is unverified; Sale's text was reprinted and re-edited many times between 1734 and 1900. Recorded as unverified rather than assumed to be the first edition.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.
CLEARED. Parallel edition, held in ayah_text_variants. It sits alongside the Uthmani spine for search normalisation and is never used to correct it.