Marked words appear in this translation and in no other English translation of this verse. Common small words and older spellings are not marked. The marks show where the wording differs, not where the meaning does.
And they say, 'These cattle and tilth are inviolable; none shall taste thereof, save such as we please' - as they pretend - and there are cattle whose backs are prohibited, and cattle over whom God's name is not pronounced,- forging a lie against Him! He shall reward them for what they have forged
Sources
Translation Edward Henry Palmer, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
Compare translations (4)Talal Itani· published 2012
And they say, "These animals and crops are restricted; none may eat them except those we permit," by their claims, and animals whose backs are forbidden, and animals over which they do not pronounce the name of God-fabricating lies against Him. He will repay them for what they used to invent.
Translation Talal Itani, ClearQuran·Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1875–1936 · published 1930
And they say: Such cattle and crops are forbidden. No-one is to eat of them save whom we will - in their make-believe - cattle whose backs are forbidden, cattle over which they mention not the name of Allah. (All that is) a lie against Him. He will repay them for that which they invent
Sources
Translation Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran·Public domain — copyright term expired
Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran·1930 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work
·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026
John Medows Rodwell1808–1900 · published 1861
They also say, "These cattle and fruits are sacred: none may taste them but whom we please:" so deem they - "And there are cattle, whose backs should be exempt from labour." And there are cattle over which they do not pronounce the name of God: inventing in all this a lie against Him. For their inventions shall He reward them
Sources
Translation John Medows Rodwell, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
They also say, these cattle and fruits of the earth are sacred; none shall eat thereof but who we please, -- according to their imagination; -- and there are cattle whose backs are forbidden to be rode on, or loaden with burdens; and there are cattle on which they commemorate not the name of God when they slay them, devising a lie against him: God shall reward them for that which they falselydevise
Sources
Translation George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an·1734 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work
·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026
Other languages (18)Shqip · Albanian
Ata thonë: "Këto bagëti dhe të korra janë të ndaluara, nuk mund t'i hajë askush, përveç atyre që dëshirojmë ne", - siç pohojnë ata. Disa bagëtive u ndalohet kurrizi[6] dhe disa bagëti i therin pa e përmendur emrin e Allahut, duke sajuar gënjeshtra për Të. Ai do t'i ndëshkojë ata për trillimet e tyre.
Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5
বাংলা · Bengali
আর তারা তাদের ভ্রান্ত ধারণা অনুযায়ী বলে: ‘এসব গবাদি পশু ও শস্যক্ষেত্র নিষিদ্ধ(৩১); আমরা যাকে চাইবো সে ছাড়া কেউ এসব খেতে পারবে না।’ তাছাড়া কিছু সংখ্যক গবাদি পশুর পিঠে আরোহণ করা নিষিদ্ধ করা হয়েছে(৩২) এবং কিছু সংখ্যক গবাদি পশু যবহ করার সময় তারা আল্লাহর নাম নেয় না(৩৩)। তাদের এসব বিধি নিষেধ মূলত আল্লাহর ওপর ডাহা মিথ্যা রটনা। তিনি অবশ্যই তাদেরকে তাদের এ মিথ্যা রটনার শাস্তি অচিরেই প্রদান করবেন।
Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Dawah Association in Rabwah, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.2
Bosanski · Bosnian
Oni govore: "Ova stoka i plodovi zabranjeni su, smiju ih jesti samo oni kojima mi dozvoljavamo", tvrde oni, "a ovo je stoka čija su leđa zabranjena." Ima stoke prilikom čijeg klanja ne spominju Allahovo ime, izmišljajući o Njemu laži. A On će ih zbog onoga što izmišljaju, kazniti.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 2.0.4
Hrvatski · Croatian
Oni govore: "Ova stoka i plodovi zabranjeni su, smiju ih jesti samo oni kojima mi dozvoljavamo", tvrde oni, "a ovo je stoka čija su leđa zabranjena." Ima stoke prilikom čijeg klanja ne spominju Allahovo ime, izmišljajući o Njemu laži. A On će ih zbog onoga što izmišljaju, kazniti.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1
Fulfulde · Fulani
Ɓe mbi'i : "Ɗii ɗoo ko neemoraaɗi e gese feraaɗi(kaɗaaɗi) : ñaamataa ɗi si wanaa on mo min njiɗi."-Ka aaƴagol maɓɓe!- E neemoraaɗi harminaaɗi ɓabbe mun, e neemoraaɗi ɗi ɓe jaŋtotaako Innde Alla e mum, fekindagol e Makko ; o oyoɓoyat ɓe kon ko ɓe fefkndotonoo. Ma Alla yobbe fekindagol mu*en ngol.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
ქართული · Georgian
და თქვეს: «ეს არის პირუტყვი და ნათესი, აკრძალული (ადამიანებისთვის) [მხოლოდ ცრუ ღმერთებისთვის მიძღვნილი]; არ იკვებება მათით არავინ, გარდა მხოლოდ იმისა, ვისაც ჩვენ ვინებებთ» — მათი მტკიცებით. და (ასევე) (არსებობს) პირუტყვი, რომლის ზურგიც აკრძალულია [მათ აკრძალეს მასზე ჯდომა], და პირუტყვი, რომლის დაკვლისას ისინი არ ახსენებენ ალლაჰის სახელს, მის წინააღმდეგ სიცრუის გამოგონებით. მალე მიუზღავს იგი მათ იმისთვის, რასაც ისინი იგონებდნენ!
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.7
Deutsch · German
Und sie sagen: „Dies sind verwehrtes Vieh und verwehrte (Früchte auf den) Saatfelder(n). Niemand kostet davon außer, wen wir (essen lassen) wollen“ - laut ihrer Behauptung -; und (es gibt nach ihrer Behauptung) Vieh, dessen Rücken (zum Tragen von Lasten) verboten ist, und Vieh, über das sie den Namen Allahs nicht aussprechen, womit sie Lügen gegen Ihn ersinnen. Er wird ihnen vergelten, was sie an Lügen zu ersinnen pflegten.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.15
Ελληνικά · Greek
Και είπαν: «Aυτά τα βοοειδή και η συγκομιδή είναι απαγορευμένα, δεν τα τρώνε εκτός απ' εκείνους που θέλουμε εμείς (από τους υπηρέτες των ειδώλων).» -όπως ισχυρίζονται-. Και απαγόρεψαν επίσης κάποια βοοειδή από το να τα καβαλάει κανείς (ή να τα φορτώνει, και τα αποκαλούσαν Μπαχίρα, Ωασίλα, Σά’ιμπα και Χαμ). Και κάποια βοοειδή που κατά τη σφαγή τους δεν αναφέρουν το Όνομα του Αλλάχ (αλλά αναφέρουν τα ονόματα των ειδώλων τους). Όλα αυτά τα απέδιδαν ψευδώς σ' Αυτόν (τον Αλλάχ, ότι ο Αλλάχ που τα όρισε). Θα τους τιμωρήσει (ο Αλλάχ) για ό,τι επινόησαν από ψέματα.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
हिन्दी · Hindi
तथा वे कहते हैं कि ये पशु और खेत वर्जित हैं। इन्हें वही खा सकता है, जिसे हम खिलाना चाहें। ऐसा वे अपने ख़याल से कहते हैं। फिर कुछ पशु हैं, जिनकी पीठ हराम (वर्जित) हैं। और कुछ पशु हैं, जिनपर (ज़बह करते समय) अल्लाह का नाम नहीं लेते। यह उन्होंने अल्लाह पर झूठ गढ़ा है। उन्हें वह उनके इस झूठ गढ़ने का बदला अवश्य देगा।[87]
Translated by Azizul Haq Al-Omari
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.5
Italiano · Italian
E dissero: «Questo bestiame e questi campi sono proibiti, non ne mangerà se non chi vogliamo», che pretese! E ci sono animali il cui dorso è proibito e animali sacrificati senza che si faccia il nome di Allāh – si tratta di un’eresia verso di Lui – e Lui li punirà per il loro peccato.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
Lietuvių · Lithuanian
138. Ir pagal jų tvirtinimą, jie sako, kad tokie ir tokie galvijai bei javai yra draudžiami ir niekas neturėtų jų valgyti, išskyrus tuos, kuriems mes leidžiame. Ir (jie sako, kad) yra galvijų, draudžiamų naudoti nešuliams (arba bet kokiam darbui), ir galvijų, virš kurių (skerdžiant) Allaho Vardas nėra tariamas. Meluoja prieš Jį (Allahą). Jis atlygins jiems už tai, ką jie prasimanydavo.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.0
Русский · Russian
Они сказали: «Этот скот и эти посевы — запретны, и никто не может питаться ими, кроме тех, кого мы пожелаем», — согласно их утверждению, — а также скот, спины которого запретны [для верховой езды и перевозки грузов], и скот, над которым они не упоминают имени Аллаха, измышляя ложь на Него. Он воздаст им за то, что они измышляли.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1
Српски · Serbian
Они говоре: „Ова стока и плодови су забрањени, смеју да их једу само они којима ми дозвољавамо“, тврде они, „а ово је стока чије је јахање забрањено.“ Има стоке приликом чијег клања не спомињу Аллахово име, измишљајући о Њему лажи. А Он ће због онога што измишљају, да их казни.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4
Kiswahili · Swahili
Nao walisema: "Mifugo hawa na mimea ni miiko. Hawavili isipokuwa tumtakaye" - kwa madai yao tu. Na mifugo wengine imeharamishwa migongo. Na mifugo wengine hawalitaji jina la Mwenyezi Mungu juu yao, kwa kumzulia uongo tu. Atawalipa kwa hayo ya uongo waliyokuwa wakiyazua.
Issued by the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5
Svenska · Swedish
Och de säger: ”Denna boskap och gröda är förbjuden – ingen får äta av den utom den vi vill” – så påstår de. Och det finns boskap vars ryggar de har förklarat förbjudna [att lasta och rida på], och boskap som de inte nämner Guds namn över [vid slakt] – men allt är lögner om honom. Han ska straffa dem för vad de brukade ljuga ihop.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
Türkçe · Turkish
Bir de (asılsız iddialarda bulunarak) dediler ki: “Bunlar yasaklanmış hayvanlar ve ekinlerdir. Onları bizim dilediklerimizden başkası yiyemez. (Şunlar da) sırtları (binilmesi ve yük yüklemesi) haram edilmiş hayvanlardır.” Bir kısım hayvanları da keserken üzerlerine Allah’ın adını anmazlar. (Bütün bunları) Allah’a iftira ederek yaparlar. Bu iftiraları sebebiyle Allah onları cezalandıracaktır.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4
اردو · Urdu
اور وه اپنے خیال پر یہ بھی کہتے ہیں کہ یہ کچھ مواشی ہیں اور کھیت ہیں جن کا استعمال ہر شخص کو جائز نہیں ان کو کوئی نہیں کھا سکتا سوائے ان کے جن کو ہم چاہیں[1] اور مواشی ہیں جن پر سواری یا باربرداری حرام کردی گئی[2] اور کچھ مواشی ہیں جن پر یہ لوگ اللہ تعالیٰ کا نام نہیں لیتے محض اللہ پر افترا باندھنے کے طور پر[3]۔عنقریب اللہ تعالیٰ انہیں ان کے افترا کی سزا دے گا۔
Translated by Muhammad Ibrahim Junagarhi, developed under the supervision of the Rowwad Translation Center. The original translation is available for the purpose of expressing opinion, evaluation, and continuous development.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.3
About these translations
5 cleared translations, newest first, by year of publication, so the modern English comes before the historical ones. That is an ordering by date, not a judgement. Each is shown complete — this platform never excerpts a translation — and each renders under its translator's name. No translation here is marked as the correct one.
Which translations appear here is set by copyright: they are the ones whose rights could be documented and cleared. The selection is not a judgement that these are the best.
About easy-read
Easy-read
Easy-read is a simplified pronunciation,
not authoritative — a rule-by-rule romanisation, not a reading.
Each verse ends in its pause form, as it is said when you stop there. Pauses inside a verse and other tajwid rules are not shown. It is derived from the Tanzil
Simple edition, while the Arabic above is the
Uthmani edition; both are cleared, but they are not the
same edition and their orthography differs.
Talal Itani2012 And they set aside for God a share of the crops and the livestock He created, and they say, "This is for God," according to their claim, "and this is for our idols." But the share of their idols does not reach God, yet the share of God reaches their idols. Evil is their judgment.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 They assign unto Allah, of the crops and cattle which He created, a portion, and they say: "This is Allah's" - in their make-believe - "and this is for (His) partners in regard to us." Thus that which (they assign) unto His partners in them reacheth not Allah and that which (they assign) unto Allah goeth to their (so-called) partners. Evil is their ordinance
Edward Henry Palmer1880 They set apart for God, from what He raises of tilth and of cattle, a portion, and they say, 'This is God's;' - as they pretend - ' and this is for our associates;' but that which is for their associates reaches not to God, and that which was for God does reach to their associates;- evil is it what they judge
John Medows Rodwell1861 Moreover, they set apart a portion of the fruits and cattle which he hath produced, and say, "This for God" - so deem they - "And this for his companions, whom we associate with Him." But that which is for these companions of theirs, cometh not to God; yet that which is for God, cometh to the companions! Ill do they judge
George Sale1734 Those of Mecca set apart unto God a portion of that which he hath produced of the fruits of the earth, and of cattle; and say, this belongeth unto God, -- according to their imaginations, -- and this unto our companions. And that which is destined for their companions cometh not unto God; yet that which is set apart unto God cometh unto their companions. How ill do they judge
Talal Itani2012 Likewise, their idols entice many idolaters to kill their children, in order to lead them to their ruin, and confuse them in their religion. Had God willed, they would not have done it; so leave them to their fraud.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 Thus have their (so-called) partners (of Allah) made the killing of their children to seem fair unto many of the idolaters, that they may ruin them and make their faith obscure for them. Had Allah willed (it otherwise), they had not done so. So leave them alone with their devices
Edward Henry Palmer1880 Thus too have their associates made seemly to many of the idolaters the killing of their children, to destroy them, and to obscure for them their religion; but had God pleased they would not have done it, leave them alone and that which they have forged
John Medows Rodwell1861 Thus have the companion-gods induced many of these, who join them with God, to slay their children, that they might ruin them, and throw the cloak of confusion over their religion. But if God had pleased, they had not done this. Therefore, leave them and their devices
George Sale1734 In like manner have their companions induced many of the idolaters to slay their children, that they might bring them to perdition, and that they might render their religion obscure and confused unto them. But if God had pleased, they had not done this: Therefore leave them, and that which they falsely imagine
Talal Itani2012 And they say, "What lies in the wombs of these animals is exclusively for our males, and prohibited to our wives." But if it is stillborn, they can share in it. He will surely punish them for their allegations. He is Wise and Knowing.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 And they say: That which is in the bellies of such cattle is reserved for our males and is forbidden to our wives; but if it be born dead, then they (all) may be partakers thereof. He will reward them for their attribution (of such ordinances unto Him). Lo, He is Wise, Aware
Edward Henry Palmer1880 And they say, 'What is in the wombs of these cattle is unlawful for our wives, but if it be (born) dead, then are they partners therein.' He will reward them for their attribution; verily, He is wise and knowing
John Medows Rodwell1861 And they say, "That which is in the wombs of these cattle is allowed to our males, and forbidden to our wives;" but if it prove abortive, both partake of it. God shall reward them for their distinctions! Knowing, Wise is He
George Sale1734 And they say, that which is in the bellies of these cattle, is allowed our males to eat, and is forbidden to our wives: But if it prove abortive, then they are both partakers thereof. God shall give them the reward of their attributing these things to him: He is knowing and wise
Talal Itani2012 Lost are those who kill their children foolishly, with no basis in knowledge, and forbid what God has provided for them-innovations about God. They have gone astray. They are not guided.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 They are losers who besottedly have slain their children without knowledge, and have forbidden that which Allah bestowed upon them, inventing a lie against Allah. They indeed have gone astray and are not guided
Edward Henry Palmer1880 Losers are they who kill their children foolishly, without knowledge, and who prohibit what God has bestowed upon them, forging a lie against God; they have erred and are not guided
John Medows Rodwell1861 Lost are they who, in their ignorance, have foolishly slain their children, and have forbidden that which God hath given them for food, devising an untruth against God! Now have they erred; and they were not rightly guided
George Sale1734 They are utterly lost who have slain their children foolishly, without knowledge; and have forbidden that which God hath given them for food, devising a lie against God. They have erred, and were not rightly directed
These figures count the words the translations share. They measure wording, not meaning, and they do not say which translation is right.
Derived measure: mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the
lowercased word sets of the 5 renderings above —
0.65 on a scale
where 0 means identical wording and 1 means no shared words. It is
computed, not judged.
The page says a verse is worded differently only above the cut below. The cut is a stated convention, not a property of the text, and it can be changed.
The cut
0.644
Share of measured verses above it
33%
Verses above it
2,079
Verses measured
6,236
Talal Itani · Edward Henry Palmer0.75
Edward Henry Palmer · George Sale0.71
Talal Itani · George Sale0.68
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · George Sale0.66
Edward Henry Palmer · John Medows Rodwell0.64
Edward Henry Palmer · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall0.64
Talal Itani · John Medows Rodwell0.63
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · John Medows Rodwell0.63
Talal Itani · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall0.56
John Medows Rodwell · George Sale0.55
One bar per pair of renderings, longest bar for the pair
sharing fewest words. Every pair is shown; none is singled out.
Method Wording differences — derived 13 September 2026
Method
Mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the lowercased word sets of the cleared translations of each verse. A verse is marked as worded differently when its score falls in the top third of the corpus — the cut set out in Analysis details.
As at
13 September 2026, 10:56 UTC
Gate
verify/divergence_gate.py re-derives and fails on drift
The platform does not say which is right, and does not
characterise what the difference means. The renderings are placed
together so the difference is visible; reading it is the reader's work.
Sources, editions and licences for everything above
ReceiptsSource fact
7 sources
stand behind this page. Each is listed once, in the order the page first
cites it, with the licence it was cleared under and what was actually read.
Nothing on this page rests on a source that is not here.
Source Tanzil Qur'an text (Uthmani) · Uthmani, Version 1.1
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.
CLEARED. Licence read verbatim from the block embedded in this very file. Ingested exactly as shipped: no normalisation, no stripping of marks, no Unicode recomposition.
Parsed structurally from the EPUB: an h3 names the surah, one p per verse with its number in its own span. An unnumbered p is the basmala and is not a verse, except in surah 1 where the basmala IS verse 1. 112 unnumbered paragraphs were found, which is 114 surahs less surah 1 and surah 9. Text is stored VERBATIM: NFC normalisation and XML entity unescaping only, because CC BY-ND forbids modification.
CLEARED on a licence read first-hand from the translator's own download page, not from an aggregator. Tanzil also hosts this translation, but under a blanket "non-commercial purposes only" term that directs the user to the translator or publisher for permission - a hosting disclaimer, not a grant - so the grant was taken from the licensor directly. The "God" edition was ingested; ClearQuran also publishes an "Allah" edition, differing in how the divine name is rendered, which is not ingested.
CLEARED ON THE WORK, WITH TWO RECORDED CAVEATS ON THIS COPY. (1) Rights basis is the expired copyright term, NOT the redistributing repository's licence. That repository dedicates its contents to the public domain under the Unlicense while also redistributing plainly in-copyright translations (Abdel Haleem, Saheeh International, The Study Quran), so it is dedicating rights it cannot hold and its blanket grant is not relied upon here. (2) The file declares its own upstream as tanzil.net, and Tanzil attaches a non-commercial condition to its TRANSLATION distributions, though not to its Qur'anic text. Since Pickthall's copyright has expired, nobody holds rights in these words and no licence is required from anyone; Tanzil's terms are a contract binding those who download from Tanzil, which we did not. The chain is nonetheless not spotless and Anwar may prefer a clean digitisation of the 1930 printing. NOT VERIFIED: that this digital text matches the 1930 first printing rather than a later revised edition. No page images were collated. Recorded as unverified rather than presented as established. SERVED TEXT DIFFERS FROM THE CITED FILE AT ONE VERSE, 37:97: the file reads "red-hotfire" (a glued token, also in Gutenberg #16955); the served row reads "red-hot fire", restored 2026-09-13 from Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran (London: George Allen & Unwin, printed for Alfred A. Knopf; 1930), p. 460, XXXVII 97 - scan archive.org in.ernet.dli.2015.216140, PDF page 475; banked data/derivation-sources/pickthall-1930-dli-2015.216140-text.pdf (sha256 70e81146c97fa3a590243a82e04e349108546074787e2551a78c616202138870) on Anwar Malik's grant.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is not stated by the redistributor and the printing is unverified. No statement of purpose is recorded for Palmer because none was sourced from his own preface in this pass; nothing is asserted on his behalf.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. TWO edition caveats. (1) The upstream is not stated by the redistributor. (2) Rodwell's own edition PRESENTS THE SURAHS IN HIS OWN CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER, not the mushaf order — he says so in his preface. This digital text is keyed to mushaf order, so it derives from a restored-order printing (such as the Everyman edition) rather than from Rodwell's own arrangement. Which printing is not stated and has not been established.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is NOT STATED by the redistributor, so the printing it represents is unverified; Sale's text was reprinted and re-edited many times between 1734 and 1900. Recorded as unverified rather than assumed to be the first edition.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.
CLEARED. Parallel edition, held in ayah_text_variants. It sits alongside the Uthmani spine for search normalisation and is never used to correct it.