Marked words appear in this translation and in no other English translation of this verse. Common small words and older spellings are not marked. The marks show where the wording differs, not where the meaning does.
Talal Itani· published 2012
The polytheists will say, "Had God willed, we would not have practiced idolatry, nor would have our forefathers, nor would we have prohibited anything." Likewise those before them lied, until they tasted Our might. Say, "Do you have any knowledge that you can produce for us? You follow nothing but conjecture, and you only guess."
Translation Talal Itani, ClearQuran·Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1875–1936 · published 1930
They who are idolaters will say: Had Allah willed, we had not ascribed (unto Him) partners neither had our fathers, nor had we forbidden aught. Thus did those who were before them give the lie (to Allah'smessengers) till they tasted of the fear of Us. Say: Have ye any knowledge that ye can adduce for Us? Lo! ye follow naught but an opinion, Lo! ye do but guess
Sources
Translation Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran·Public domain — copyright term expired
Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran·1930 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work
·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026
Edward Henry Palmer1840–1882 · published 1880
Those who associateothers with God will say, 'Had God pleased, we had not so associated, nor our fathers; nor should we have forbidden aught.' Thus did they give the lie to those who came before them, until they tasted of our violence! Say, 'Have ye any knowledge? if so, bring it forth to us: ye only follow suspicion, and ye do but conjecture
Sources
Translation Edward Henry Palmer, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
They who add gods to God will say, "If God had pleased, neither we nor our fathers had given him companions, nor should we have interdicted anything." Thus did they who flourished before them charge with imposture, until they had tasted our severity! SAY: Have ye any knowledge that ye can produce to us? Verily, ye follow only a conceit: ye utter only lies
Sources
Translation John Medows Rodwell, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
The idolaters will say, if God had pleased, we had not been guilty of idolatry, neither our fathers; and pretend that We have not forbidden them any thing. Thus did they who were before them accuse the prophets of imposture, until they tasted our severepunishment. Say, is there with you any certain knowledge of what ye alledge, that ye may produce it unto us? Ye follow only a falseimagination; and ye only utter lies
Sources
Translation George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an·1734 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work
·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026
Other languages (18)Shqip · Albanian
Ata që i bëjnë shok Allahut, do të thonë: "Sikur të kishte dashur Allahu, as ne e as baballarët tanë nuk do t'i bënim shok Atij dhe nuk do të ndalonim asgjë. Kështu e përgënjeshtruan të vërtetën edhe ata që ishin para tyre derisa e shijuan dënimin Tonë. Thuaju: "A keni ndonjë dëshmi që mund të na paraqitni? Ju ndiqni vetëm hamendjen dhe jeni vetëm gënjeshtarë."
Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5
বাংলা · Bengali
অচিরেই মুশরিকরা বলবে: ‘আল্লাহ যদি চাইতেন, আমরা ও আমাদের পিতৃপুরুষরা শিরক করতাম না এবং আমরা কোন কিছু হারাম করতাম না।’ এভাবেই তাদের পূর্ববর্তীরাও মিথ্যারোপ করেছে, যে পর্যন্ত না তারা আমার শাস্তি আস্বাদন করেছে। বলো: ‘তোমাদের কাছে কি কোন জ্ঞান আছে, যা তোমরা আমাদের জন্য প্রকাশ করবে?(৩৮) তোমরা তো শুধু কল্পনারই অনুসরণ করো এবং শুধু মনগড়া কথা বলো।'
Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Dawah Association in Rabwah, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.2
Bosanski · Bosnian
Govorit će oni koji su Allahu druge u obožavanju pridruživali: "Da je Allah htio, mi ne bismo širk činili, a ni preci naši, niti bismo išta zabranjenim učinili." Tako su i oni prije njih poricali, sve dok Našu kaznu nisu iskusili. Reci: "Imate li vi kakav dokaz da nam ga iznesete? Vi se samo za pretpostavkama povodite i vi samo neistinu govorite."
ovo bi nam bile namjerne rečenice i one se generalno odvajaju zarezom ali moramo misliti i voditi računa jesu li u izravnoj vezi sa glavnom jer tada im se ne piše zarez, ima takvih rečenica i u nastavku
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 2.0.4
Hrvatski · Croatian
Govorit će oni koji su Allahu druge u obožavanju pridruživali: "Da je Allah htio, mi ne bismo druge obožavali, a ni predci naši, niti bismo išta zabranjenim učinili." Tako su i oni prije njih poricali, sve dok Našu kaznu nisu iskusili. Reci: "Imate li vi kakav dokaz, da nam ga iznesete? Vi se samo za pretpostavkama povodite i vi samo neistinu govorite."
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1
Fulfulde · Fulani
Arma sirkuɓe ɓeen mbi'a : "Sinno Alla Muuyuno, men cirkataano, wanaa baabiraaɓe amen ɓen, men karmintaano kadi hay e huunde". Ko non ɓeen adinooɓe ɓe njeddirnoo haa ɓe meeɗi lepte Amen ɗen. Maaku : "Hara ganndal no woodani on njaltinanon amen ngal? Pellet, on jokkaa si wanaa sikke, onon on ngonaani si wanaa fenooɓe".
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
ქართული · Georgian
იტყვიან ისინი, ვინც მრავალღმერთიანები გახდნენ: «რომ ინებებდეს ალლაჰი, ჩვენ არ გავხდებოდით მრავალღმერთიანები და არც ჩვენი მამები, და ჩვენ არაფერს ავკრძალავდით». ასე უარყვეს (მოციქულთა მოწოდება) მათამდე მცხოვრებებმაც, სანამ არ იგემეს ჩვენი რისხვა [სასჯელი]. უთხარი (მათ) (ო მოციქულო): «გაქვთ კი თქვენ (თუნდაც) რაიმე (სანდო) ცოდნა? (თუ გაქვთ), მაშინ გვაჩვენეთ იგი. თქვენ მიჰყვებით მხოლოდ ვარაუდებს, და თქვენ მხოლოდ სიცრუეს იგონებთ!»
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.7
Deutsch · German
Diejenigen, die (Ihm etwas) beigesellen, werden sagen: „Wenn Allah gewollt hätte, hätten wir (Ihm) nichts beigesellt, und (auch) nicht unsere Väter, und wir hätten nichts verboten.“ Auf diese Weise haben diejenigen vor ihnen (ihre Gesandten) der Lüge bezichtigt, bis sie Unsere Gewalt kosteten. Sag: „Habt ihr (irgendein) Wissen, das ihr uns vorbringen könnt?“ Ihr folgt ja nur Mutmaßungen, und ihr stellt nur Vermutungen auf.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.15
Ελληνικά · Greek
Εκείνοι που αποδίδουν εταίρους στον Αλλάχ στη λατρεία θα πουν: «Αν ήθελε ο Αλλάχ, ούτε εμείς, ούτε οι πρόγονοί μας δε θα είχαμε αποδώσει εταίρους στον Αλλάχ στη λατρεία, ούτε θα είχαμε απαγορεύσει τίποτε (στον εαυτό μας από τα βοοειδή που τα έθεσε ο Αλλάχ επιτρεπτά).» Ομοίως, διέψευδαν (τους Αγγελιαφόρους) εκείνοι που ήταν πριν απ' αυτούς μέχρι που γεύτηκαν την τιμωρία Μας. Πες (ω, Προφήτη): «Έχετε κάποια γνώση (και απόδειξη) που μπορείτε να μας παρουσιάσετε (ότι ο Αλλάχ δέχτηκε από σας το να Του αποδίδετε εταίρους στη λατρεία και να απαγορεύετε αυτά τα βοοειδή που τα επέτρεψε); Πράγματι, δεν ακολουθείτε παρά μόνο εικασίες, και πράγματι, αυτά που λέτε δεν είναι παρά ψέματα!
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
हिन्दी · Hindi
बहुदेववादी अवश्य कहेंगे कि यदि अल्लाह चाहता, तो हम तथा हमारे पूर्वज (अल्लाह का) साझी न बनाते और न हम किसी चीज़ को हराम ठहराते। ऐसे ही इनसे पहले के लोगों ने भी झुठलाया था, तो उन्हें हमारी यातना का स्वाद चखना पड़ा। (ऐ नबी!) उनसे पूछिए कि क्या तुम्हारे पास (इस विषय में) कोई ज्ञान है, जिसे तुम हमारे समक्ष प्रस्तुत कर सको? तुम तो केवल अनुमान पर चलते हो और केवल अटकल से काम लेते हो।
Translated by Azizul Haq Al-Omari
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.5
Italiano · Italian
Diranno gli idolatri: «Se Allāh avesse in verità voluto, non Gli avremmo paragonato alcuna divinità, e non l’avrebbero fatto i nostri padri, e non avremmo proibito nulla». Così smentivano quelli che li hanno preceduti, finché non assaggiarono la nostra punizione. Di’: «Avete qualche prova che potete mostrarci, dato che voi non seguite che congetture e non siete che bugiardi?”
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
Lietuvių · Lithuanian
148. Tie, kurie priskiria partnerius (garbinime) Allahui, sakys: „Jei Allahas būtų panorėjęs, mes nebūtume priskyrę partnerių (garbinime) Jam, nei būtų mūsų tėvai, ir mes nebūtume uždraudę nieko (prieš Jo Valią).“ Panašiai neigdavo tie, kurie buvo iki jų, (jie neteisingai ginčydavosi su Allaho Pasiuntiniais), kol jie paragavo Mūsų Rūstybės. Sakyk: „Ar jūs turite kokį išmanymą (įrodymą), kurį galėtumėte pateikti mums? Iš tiesų, jūs sekate ne kuo kitu, o tik spėliojimu, ir darote ne ką kita, tik meluojate.“
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.8
Afaan Oromoo · Oromo
Isaannan Rabbitti qindeessan ni jedhu "odoo Rabbiin fedhee, silaa nutis ta’ee abbootiin keenya hin qindeessinu turre, Wanta tokkos haraama hin taasifnu turre. Akkasuma warri isaan duraa hanga adabbii keenya dhandhamanitti kijibsiisan. jedhi "Sila beekumsa irraa isin bira nijiraa kan isin nuuf baastan (fiddan)? Shakkii malee homaan hordoftan, Isin kijiboo malee hin taane". [31]
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.0
Русский · Russian
Те, которые придают Аллаху сотоварищей, скажут: «Если бы Аллах пожелал, то ни мы, ни наши отцы не придавали бы сотоварищей и ничего не делали бы запретным». Так истину считали ложью и те, кто был до них, пока не вкусили Нашего наказания. Скажи: «Есть ли у вас какое-либо знание? Так предъявите его нам. Вы следуете лишь предположению, и вы лишь строите догадки!»
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1
Српски · Serbian
Говориће они који су Аллаху друге у обожавању придруживали: „Да је Аллах хтео, ми не бисмо Аллаху придруживали бога, а ни преци наши, нити бисмо ишта забрањеним учинили.“ Тако су и они пре њих порицали, све док Нашу казну нису искусили. Реци: „Имате ли ви какав доказ, да нам га изнесете? Ви се само за претпоставкама поводите и ви само неистину говорите.“
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4
Kiswahili · Swahili
Watasema wale walioshirikisha, "Lau kuwa Mwenyezi Mungu angetaka, tusingelishirikisha, wala baba zetu, wala tusingeliharamisha kitu chochote." Hivyo ndivyo walivyokadhibisha wale waliokuwa kabla yao mpaka walipoionja adhabu yetu. Sema: Je, nyinyi mnayo elimu yoyote mtutolee hiyo? Nyinyi hamfuati isipokuwa dhana. Wala hamfanyi isipokuwa kukisia tu.
Issued by the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5
Svenska · Swedish
Avgudadyrkarna kommer att säga: ”Om Gud hade velat hade varken vi eller våra förfäder dyrkat avgudar, och vi hade inte förbjudit någonting.” Så vägrade de som var före dem att tro, tills de fick känna vårt straff. Säg: ”Har ni någon kunskap att lägga fram för oss? Ni följer bara antaganden och gör inte annat än gissar er fram.”
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
Türkçe · Turkish
Müşrikler: "Allah dileseydi ne biz, ne de babalarımız şirk koşardık ve hiçbir şeyi de haram kılmazdık" diyecekler. Bizim elem verici azabımızı tadana kadar onlardan öncekiler de yalanlamışlardı. De ki: “Bize gösterebileceğiniz bir deliliniz var mı? Siz, sadece zanna uyuyor ve sadece uyduruyorsunuz."
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4
اردو · Urdu
یہ مشرکین (یوں) کہیں گے کہ اگر اللہ تعالیٰ کو منظور ہوتا تو نہ ہم شرک کرتے اور نہ ہمارے باپ دادا اور نہ ہم کسی چیز کو حرام کہہ سکتے[1] ۔ اسی طرح جو لوگ ان سے پہلے ہوچکے ہیں انہوں نے بھی تکذیب کی تھی یہاں تک کہ انہوں نے ہمارے عذاب کامزه چکھا[2]۔ آپ کہیے کہ کیا تمہارے پاس کوئی دلیل ہے تو اس کو ہمارے روبرو ﻇاہر کرو[3]۔ تم لوگ محض خیالی باتوں پر چلتے ہو اور تم بالکل اٹکل سے باتیں بناتے ہو۔
Translated by Muhammad Ibrahim Junagarhi, developed under the supervision of the Rowwad Translation Center. The original translation is available for the purpose of expressing opinion, evaluation, and continuous development.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.3
About these translations
5 cleared translations, newest first, by year of publication, so the modern English comes before the historical ones. That is an ordering by date, not a judgement. Each is shown complete — this platform never excerpts a translation — and each renders under its translator's name. No translation here is marked as the correct one.
Which translations appear here is set by copyright: they are the ones whose rights could be documented and cleared. The selection is not a judgement that these are the best.
About easy-read
Easy-read
Easy-read is a simplified pronunciation,
not authoritative — a rule-by-rule romanisation, not a reading.
Each verse ends in its pause form, as it is said when you stop there. Pauses inside a verse and other tajwid rules are not shown. It is derived from the Tanzil
Simple edition, while the Arabic above is the
Uthmani edition; both are cleared, but they are not the
same edition and their orthography differs.
Talal Itani2012 For the Jews We forbade everything with claws. As of cattle and sheep: We forbade them their fat, except what adheres to their backs, or the entrails, or what is mixed with bone. This is how We penalized them for their inequity. We are indeed truthful.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 Unto those who are Jews We forbade every animal with claws. And of the oxen and the sheep forbade We unto them the fat thereof save that upon the backs or the entrails, or that which is mixed with the bone. That we awarded them for their rebellion. And lo! we verily are truthful
Edward Henry Palmer1880 To those who were Jews did we prohibit everything that hath a solid hoof; and of oxen and sheep did we prohibit to them the fat, save what the backs of both do bear, or the inwards, or what is mixed with bone; with that did we recompense them for their rebellion, for, verily, we are true
John Medows Rodwell1861 To the Jews did we forbid every beast having an entire hoof, and of both bullocks and sheep we forbade them the fat, save what might be on their backs, or their entrails, and the fat attached to the bone. With this have we recompensed them, because of their transgression: and verily, we are indeed equitable
George Sale1734 Unto the Jews did We forbid every beast having an undivided hoof; and of bullocks and sheep, We forbade them the fat of both; except that which should be on their backs, or their inwards, or which should be intermixed with the bone. This have We rewarded them with, because of their iniquity; and We are surely speakers of truth
Talal Itani2012 If they accuse you of lying, say, "Your Lord is Possessor of infinite mercy, but His wrath cannot be averted from the guilty people."
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 So if they give the lie to thee (Muhammad), say: Your Lord is a Lord of All-Embracing Mercy, and His wrath will never be withdrawn from guilty folk
Edward Henry Palmer1880 And if they give thee the lie, say, 'Your Lord is of ample mercy, nor shall His violence be turned back from the sinful people
John Medows Rodwell1861 If they treat thee as an impostor, then SAY: Your Lord is of all-embracing mercy: but his severity shall not be turned aside from the wicked
George Sale1734 If they accuse thee of imposture, say, your Lord is indued with extensive mercy; but his severity shall not be averted from wicked people
Talal Itani2012 Say, "Produce your witnesses who would testify that God has prohibited this." If they testify, do not testify with them. And do not follow the whims of those who deny Our revelation, and those who do not believe in the Hereafter, and those who equate others with their Lord.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 Say: Come, bring your witnesses who can bear witness that Allah forbade (all) this. And if they bear witness, do not thou bear witness with them. Follow thou not the whims of those who deny Our revelations, those who believe not in the Hereafter and deem (others) equal with their Lord
Edward Henry Palmer1880 Say, 'Come on then with your witnesses, who bear witness that God has prohibited these!' but if they do bear witness, bear thou not witness with them; nor follow the lust of those who say our signs are lies, and those who do not believe in the last day, or those who for their Lord make peers
John Medows Rodwell1861 SAY: Bring hither your witnesses who can witness that God hath forbidden these animals; but if they bear witness, witness not thou with them, nor witness to the conceits of those who charge our signs with falsehood, and who believe not in the life to come, and give equals to our Lord
George Sale1734 Say, produce your witnesses, who can bear testimony that God hath forbidden this. But if they bear testimony of this, do not thou bear testimony with them, nor do thou follow the desires of those who accuse our signs of falsehood, and who believe not in the life to come, and equalize idols with their Lord
These figures count the words the translations share. They measure wording, not meaning, and they do not say which translation is right.
Derived measure: mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the
lowercased word sets of the 5 renderings above —
0.64 on a scale
where 0 means identical wording and 1 means no shared words. It is
computed, not judged.
The page says a verse is worded differently only above the cut below. The cut is a stated convention, not a property of the text, and it can be changed.
The cut
0.644
Share of measured verses above it
33%
Verses above it
2,079
Verses measured
6,236
Talal Itani · George Sale0.69
Talal Itani · John Medows Rodwell0.68
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · John Medows Rodwell0.68
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · George Sale0.67
Talal Itani · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall0.65
Talal Itani · Edward Henry Palmer0.65
Edward Henry Palmer · George Sale0.62
Edward Henry Palmer · John Medows Rodwell0.62
Edward Henry Palmer · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall0.59
John Medows Rodwell · George Sale0.57
One bar per pair of renderings, longest bar for the pair
sharing fewest words. Every pair is shown; none is singled out.
Method Wording differences — derived 13 September 2026
Method
Mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the lowercased word sets of the cleared translations of each verse. A verse is marked as worded differently when its score falls in the top third of the corpus — the cut set out in Analysis details.
As at
13 September 2026, 10:56 UTC
Gate
verify/divergence_gate.py re-derives and fails on drift
The platform does not say which is right, and does not
characterise what the difference means. The renderings are placed
together so the difference is visible; reading it is the reader's work.
7 sources
stand behind this page. Each is listed once, in the order the page first
cites it, with the licence it was cleared under and what was actually read.
Nothing on this page rests on a source that is not here.
Source Tanzil Qur'an text (Uthmani) · Uthmani, Version 1.1
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.
CLEARED. Licence read verbatim from the block embedded in this very file. Ingested exactly as shipped: no normalisation, no stripping of marks, no Unicode recomposition.
Parsed structurally from the EPUB: an h3 names the surah, one p per verse with its number in its own span. An unnumbered p is the basmala and is not a verse, except in surah 1 where the basmala IS verse 1. 112 unnumbered paragraphs were found, which is 114 surahs less surah 1 and surah 9. Text is stored VERBATIM: NFC normalisation and XML entity unescaping only, because CC BY-ND forbids modification.
CLEARED on a licence read first-hand from the translator's own download page, not from an aggregator. Tanzil also hosts this translation, but under a blanket "non-commercial purposes only" term that directs the user to the translator or publisher for permission - a hosting disclaimer, not a grant - so the grant was taken from the licensor directly. The "God" edition was ingested; ClearQuran also publishes an "Allah" edition, differing in how the divine name is rendered, which is not ingested.
CLEARED ON THE WORK, WITH TWO RECORDED CAVEATS ON THIS COPY. (1) Rights basis is the expired copyright term, NOT the redistributing repository's licence. That repository dedicates its contents to the public domain under the Unlicense while also redistributing plainly in-copyright translations (Abdel Haleem, Saheeh International, The Study Quran), so it is dedicating rights it cannot hold and its blanket grant is not relied upon here. (2) The file declares its own upstream as tanzil.net, and Tanzil attaches a non-commercial condition to its TRANSLATION distributions, though not to its Qur'anic text. Since Pickthall's copyright has expired, nobody holds rights in these words and no licence is required from anyone; Tanzil's terms are a contract binding those who download from Tanzil, which we did not. The chain is nonetheless not spotless and Anwar may prefer a clean digitisation of the 1930 printing. NOT VERIFIED: that this digital text matches the 1930 first printing rather than a later revised edition. No page images were collated. Recorded as unverified rather than presented as established. SERVED TEXT DIFFERS FROM THE CITED FILE AT ONE VERSE, 37:97: the file reads "red-hotfire" (a glued token, also in Gutenberg #16955); the served row reads "red-hot fire", restored 2026-09-13 from Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran (London: George Allen & Unwin, printed for Alfred A. Knopf; 1930), p. 460, XXXVII 97 - scan archive.org in.ernet.dli.2015.216140, PDF page 475; banked data/derivation-sources/pickthall-1930-dli-2015.216140-text.pdf (sha256 70e81146c97fa3a590243a82e04e349108546074787e2551a78c616202138870) on Anwar Malik's grant.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is not stated by the redistributor and the printing is unverified. No statement of purpose is recorded for Palmer because none was sourced from his own preface in this pass; nothing is asserted on his behalf.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. TWO edition caveats. (1) The upstream is not stated by the redistributor. (2) Rodwell's own edition PRESENTS THE SURAHS IN HIS OWN CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER, not the mushaf order — he says so in his preface. This digital text is keyed to mushaf order, so it derives from a restored-order printing (such as the Everyman edition) rather than from Rodwell's own arrangement. Which printing is not stated and has not been established.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is NOT STATED by the redistributor, so the printing it represents is unverified; Sale's text was reprinted and re-edited many times between 1734 and 1900. Recorded as unverified rather than assumed to be the first edition.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.
CLEARED. Parallel edition, held in ayah_text_variants. It sits alongside the Uthmani spine for search normalisation and is never used to correct it.