Marked words appear in this translation and in no other English translation of this verse. Common small words and older spellings are not marked. The marks show where the wording differs, not where the meaning does.
Talal Itani· published 2012
And We inscribed for him in the Tablets all kinds of enlightenments, and decisive explanation of all things. "Hold fast to them, and exhort your people to adopt the best of them. I will show you the fate of the sinners."
Translation Talal Itani, ClearQuran·Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1875–1936 · published 1930
And We wrote for him, upon the tablets, the lesson to be drawn from all things and the explanation of all things, then (bade him): Hold it fast; and command thy people (saying): Take the better (coursemadeclear) therein. I shall show thee the abode of evil-livers
Sources
Translation Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran·Public domain — copyright term expired
Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran·1930 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work
·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026
Edward Henry Palmer1840–1882 · published 1880
And we wrote for him upon tablets an admonition concerning everything, and a detailing of everything: 'Take them then with firmness, and bid thy people take them for what is best thereof. I will show you the abode of those who workabominations
Sources
Translation Edward Henry Palmer, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
And we wrote for him upon the tables a monition concerning every matter, and said, "Receive them thyself with steadfastness, and command thy people to receive them for the observance of its most goodlyprecepts: - I will shew you the abode of the wicked
Sources
Translation John Medows Rodwell, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
And We wrote for him upon the Tablets about everything an admonition and an explanation of all things. 'So hold them fast and bid thy people follow the best thereof. Soon shall I show you the abode of the transgressors
Sources
Translation George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an·1734 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work
·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026
Other languages (18)Shqip · Albanian
Ne i shënuam atij në Pllaka (të Teuratit) këshilla e shpjegime për çdo gjë: "Mbaji fort ato dhe urdhëroje popullin tënd të ndjekin më të mirën e tyre. Unë do t'jua tregoj fundin e të pabindurve.
Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5
বাংলা · Bengali
আর আমি তার জন্য ফলকসমূহে প্রত্যেক বিষয়ের উপদেশ এবং সকল বিষয়ের সুস্পষ্ট ব্যাখ্যা লিখে দিয়েছি। সুতরাং তা শক্ত করে ধরো এবং তোমার সম্প্রদায়কে নির্দেশ দাও, তারা যেন এর উত্তম বিষয়গুলো গ্রহণ করে ।(৩৫) আমি অচিরেই তোমাদেরকে ফাসিকদের আবাস দেখাব ।(৩৬)
Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Dawah Association in Rabwah, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.2
Bosanski · Bosnian
I Mi mu na pločama napisasmo pouku za sve, i objašnjenje za svašta. Prihvati ih snažno, a narodu svom zapovjedi da se pridržava onoga što je u njima ljepše. A pokazat ću vam i stanište onih koji griješe.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 2.0.4
Hrvatski · Croatian
I Mi mu na pločama napisasmo pouku za sve, i objašnjenje za svašta. Prihvati ih snažno, a narodu svom zapovjedi da se pridržava onoga što je u njima ljepše. A pokazat ću vam i stanište onih koji griješe.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1
Fulfulde · Fulani
Min mbnndani mo ka alluuje kala huunde, waaju e fensitannde kala huunde. Jogitor nde doole, njamiraa yimɓe maa ɓe jogitagol ko ɓuri moƴƴude e mayre. Arma mi holla on galle yaltuɓe ɗoftaare ɓe
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
ქართული · Georgian
და დავუწერეთ ჩვენ მას [მუსას] დაფებზე (თორაში) ყოველი საკითხის შესახებ შეგონება და განმარტება ყოველი საქმისათვის.(და უთხრა ალლაჰმა მუსას): «აიღე ეს [თორა] მტკიცედ და უბრძანე შენს ხალხს, რომ მიჰყვნენ მასში საუკეთესოს!» მალე მე გაჩვენებთ ურჩთა სამყოფელს!
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.7
Deutsch · German
Und Wir schrieben ihm auf den Tafeln von allem eine Ermahnung und eine ausführliche Darlegung für alles. So halte sie fest und ordne deinem Volk an, sich an das Schönste in ihnen zu halten! Ich werde euch die Wohnstätte der Frevler zeigen.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.15
Ελληνικά · Greek
Καταγράψαμε γι' αυτόν στις πλάκες όλα τα πράγματα (που χρειάζονται τα παιδιά του Ισραήλ στη θρησκεία και στη ζωή τους) ως νουθεσία (γι' όποιον θα τη λάβει υπόψη) και εξήγηση όλων (των κανόνων). (Και είπαμε στον Μωυσή): «Τήρησέ τους δυνατά και διέταξε τους ανθρώπους του λαού σου να τηρούν το καλύτερο μέσα τους (δηλ. ό,τι τους πρόσταξε ο Αλλάχ και να απέχουν από ό,τι τους απαγόρευσε). Θα σας δείξω τον οίκο των ανυπάκουων.»
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
हिन्दी · Hindi
और हमने उसके लिए तख़्तियों पर हर चीज़ से संबंधित निर्देश और हर चीज़ का विवरण लिख दिया। (तथा कह दिया कि) इसे मज़बूती से पकड़ लो और अपनी जाति को आदेश दो कि वे उसके उत्तम निर्देशों का पालन करें। शीघ्र ही मैं तुम्हें अवज्ञाकारियों का घर दिखाऊँगा।
Translated by Azizul Haq Al-Omari
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.5
Italiano · Italian
E gli scrivemmo sulle Tavole un precetto su tutto, e la spiegazione di tutto. “Prendile con forza e ordina al tuo popolo di applicare il meglio di ciò che vi ho dato. Vi mostrerò il rifugio dei trasgressori.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
Lietuvių · Lithuanian
145. Ir Mes užrašėme jam ant Lentelių pamokas visų dalykų, ir visų dalykų paaiškinimą (ir tarėme): „Laikykis šito tvirtai ir liepk savo žmonėms laikytis pačių puikiausių nurodymų. Aš parodysiu tau Al-Fasikūn (maištingųjų, nepaklusniųjų Allahui) namus.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.0
Русский · Russian
Мы начертали для него на скрижалях назидание и подробное разъяснение всего. [И Мы сказали:] «Так держись же за это крепко и повели своему народу придерживаться наилучшего из того, что в них. Я покажу вам обитель нечестивцев.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1
Српски · Serbian
И Ми смо му написали на плочама поуку за све, и објашњење за све. Прихвати их снажно, а народу свом заповеди да се придржава онога што је у њима на најлепши начин. А показаћу вам и станиште грешника.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4
Kiswahili · Swahili
Na tukamuandikia kwenye mbao zile katika kila kitu, mawaidha na maelezo ya kina ya kila kitu. (Tukamwambia): Basi yachukue kwa nguvu na uwaamrishe kaumu yako wayachukue kwa ubora wake. Nami nitawaonyesha makazi ya wale waliovuka mipaka.
Issued by the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5
Svenska · Swedish
Och på skrifttavlorna skrev vi ned åt honom förmaningar och utläggningar om allt. ”Håll fast vid detta med beslutsamhet och uppmana ditt folk att följa det bästa däri!” Jag ska visa er de trotsiga syndarnas hemvist.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
Türkçe · Turkish
Bir de ona Levhalar’da her şeye ait bir öğüt ve herşeye dair açıklamayı yazdık: "Haydi bunları kuvvetle al. Kavmine de bunları en güzel şekilde tutmalarını emret. Yakında size fasıkların yurdunu göstereceğim."
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4
اردو · Urdu
اور ہم نے چند تختیوں پر ہر قسم کی نصیحت اور ہر چیز کی تفصیل ان کو لکھ کر دی[1] ، تم ان کو پوری طاقت سے پکڑ لو اور اپنی قوم کو حکم کرو کہ ان کے اچھے اچھے احکام پر عمل کریں[2]، اب بہت جلد تم لوگوں کو ان بے حکموں کا مقام دکھلاتا ہوں۔[3]
Translated by Muhammad Ibrahim Junagarhi, developed under the supervision of the Rowwad Translation Center. The original translation is available for the purpose of expressing opinion, evaluation, and continuous development.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.3
About these translations
5 cleared translations, newest first, by year of publication, so the modern English comes before the historical ones. That is an ordering by date, not a judgement. Each is shown complete — this platform never excerpts a translation — and each renders under its translator's name. No translation here is marked as the correct one.
Which translations appear here is set by copyright: they are the ones whose rights could be documented and cleared. The selection is not a judgement that these are the best.
About easy-read
Easy-read
Easy-read is a simplified pronunciation,
not authoritative — a rule-by-rule romanisation, not a reading.
Each verse ends in its pause form, as it is said when you stop there. Pauses inside a verse and other tajwid rules are not shown. It is derived from the Tanzil
Simple edition, while the Arabic above is the
Uthmani edition; both are cleared, but they are not the
same edition and their orthography differs.
Talal Itani2012 And when Moses came to Our appointment, and his Lord spoke to him, he said, "My Lord, allow me to look and see You." He said, "You will not see Me, but look at the mountain; if it stays in its place, you will see Me." But when his Lord manifested Himself to the mountain, He turned it into dust, and Moses fell down unconscious. Then, when he recovered, he said, "Glory be to you, I repent to you, and I am the first of the believers."
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 And when Moses came to Our appointed tryst and his Lord had spoken unto him, he said: My Lord! Show me (Thy Self), that I may gaze upon Thee. He said: Thou wilt not see Me, but gaze upon the mountain! If it stand still in its place, then thou wilt see Me. And when his Lord revealed (His) glory to the mountain He sent it crashing down. And Moses fell down senseless. And when he woke he said: Glory unto Thee! I turn unto Thee repentant, and I am the first of (true) believers
Edward Henry Palmer1880 And when Moses came to our appointment, and his Lord spake unto him, he said, 'O my Lord! show me, - that I may look on thee!' He said, Thou canst not see me; but look upon the mountain, and if it remain steady in its place, thou shalt see me;' but when his Lord appeared unto the mountain He made it dust, and Moses fell down in a swoon! And when he came to himself, he said, 'Celebrated be thy praise! I turn repentant unto Thee, and I am the first of those who are resigned
John Medows Rodwell1861 And when Moses came at our set time and his Lord spake with him, he said, "O Lord, shew thyself to me, that I may look upon thee." He said, "Thou shalt not see Me; but look towards the mount, and if it abide firm in its place, then shalt thou see Me." And when God manifested Himself to the mountain he turned it to dust! and Moses fell in a swoon. And when he came to himself, he said, "Glory be to thee! To thee do I turn in penitence, and I am the first of them that believe
George Sale1734 And when Moses came at Our appointed time and his Lord spoke to him, he said, 'My Lord, show Thyself to me that I may look at Thee.' God replied, 'Thou shalt not see Me. But look at the mountain; and if it remains in its place, then thou shalt see Me.' And when his Lord manifested Himself on the mountain, He broke it into pieces and Moses fell down unconscious. And when he recovered, he said, 'Holy art Thou, I turn to thee and I am the first to believe
Easy-read (simplified)qaala yaa moosaa innee stafaytuka 'alaa n-naasi birisaalaatee wabikalaamee fakhudh maa aataytuka wakun mina sh-shaakireen
DIN 31635qāla yā mūsā ʾinnī ṣṭafaytuka ʿalā n-nāsi birisālātī wabikalāmī faḫuḏ mā ʾātaytuka wakun mina š-šākirīna
Talal Itani2012 He said, "O Moses, I have chosen you over all people for My messages and for My Words. So take what I have given you, and be one of the thankful."
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 He said: O Moses! I have preferred thee above mankind by My messages and by My speaking (unto thee). So hold that which I have given thee, and be among the thankful
Edward Henry Palmer1880 He said, 'O Moses! verily, I have chosen thee over the people with my messages and my words, take then what I have brought thee, and be of those who thank
John Medows Rodwell1861 He said, "O Moses! thee above all men have I chosen by my commissions, and by my speaking to thee. Take therefore what I have brought thee, and be one of those who render thanks
George Sale1734 God said, 'O Moses, I have chosen thee above the people of thy time by My Messages and by My Word. So take firm hold of that which I have given thee and be of the grateful
Talal Itani2012 I will turn away from My revelations those who behave proudly on earth without justification. Even if they see every sign, they will not believe in it; and if they see the path of rectitude, they will not adopt it for a path; and if they see the path of error, they will adopt it for a path. That is because they denied Our revelations, and paid no attention to them.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 I shall turn away from My revelations those who magnify themselves wrongfully in the earth, and if they see each token believe it not, and if they see the way of righteousness choose it nor for (their) way, and if they see the way of error choose if for (their) way. That is because they deny Our revelations and are used to disregard them
Edward Henry Palmer1880 I will turn from my signs those who are big with pride in the earth without right; and if they see every sign they shall not believe therein, and if they see the path of rectitude they shall not take it for a path; but if they see the path of error they shall take it for a path; - that is because they have said our signs are lies and have been careless of them
John Medows Rodwell1861 The unjustly proud ones of the earth will I turn aside from my signs, for even if they see every sign they will not believe them; and if they see the path of uprightness, they will not take it for their path, but if they see the path of error, for their path will they take it. This, - for that they treated our signs as lies, and were heedless of them
George Sale1734 I shall soon turn away from My Signs those who behave proudly in the land in an unjust manner; and even if they see all the Signs, they will not believe therein; and if they see the way of righteousness, they will not adopt it as their way; but if they see the way of error, they will adopt it as their way. That is because they treated Our Signs as lies and were heedless of them
Easy-read (simplified)walladheena kadhdhaboo bi'aayaatinaa waliqaa'i l-'aakhirati habitat a'maaluhum hal yujzawna illaa maa kaanoo ya'maloon
DIN 31635wallaḏīna kaḏḏabū biʾāyātinā waliqāʾi l-ʾāḫirati ḥabiṭat ʾaʿmāluhum hal yuǧzawna ʾillā mā kānū yaʿmalūna
Talal Itani2012 Those who deny Our revelations and the meeting of the Hereafter-their deeds will come to nothing. Will they be repaid except according to what they used to do?
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 Those who deny Our revelations and the meeting of the Hereafter, their works are fruitless. Are they requited aught save what they used to do
Edward Henry Palmer1880 But those who say our signs and the meeting of the last day are lies,-- vain are their works: shall they be rewarded save for that which they have done
John Medows Rodwell1861 Vain will be the works of those who treated our signs, and the meeting of the life to come, as lies! Shall they be rewarded but as they have wrought
George Sale1734 And those who reject Our Signs and the meeting of the Hereafter -- their works are vain. Can they expect to be rewarded for anything except for what they do
These figures count the words the translations share. They measure wording, not meaning, and they do not say which translation is right.
Derived measure: mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the
lowercased word sets of the 5 renderings above —
0.69 on a scale
where 0 means identical wording and 1 means no shared words. It is
computed, not judged.
The page says a verse is worded differently only above the cut below. The cut is a stated convention, not a property of the text, and it can be changed.
The cut
0.644
Share of measured verses above it
33%
Verses above it
2,079
Verses measured
6,236
Talal Itani · John Medows Rodwell0.77
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · John Medows Rodwell0.77
John Medows Rodwell · George Sale0.74
Talal Itani · Edward Henry Palmer0.74
Edward Henry Palmer · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall0.73
Talal Itani · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall0.70
Edward Henry Palmer · John Medows Rodwell0.67
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · George Sale0.62
Talal Itani · George Sale0.60
Edward Henry Palmer · George Sale0.54
One bar per pair of renderings, longest bar for the pair
sharing fewest words. Every pair is shown; none is singled out.
Method Wording differences — derived 13 September 2026
Method
Mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the lowercased word sets of the cleared translations of each verse. A verse is marked as worded differently when its score falls in the top third of the corpus — the cut set out in Analysis details.
As at
13 September 2026, 10:56 UTC
Gate
verify/divergence_gate.py re-derives and fails on drift
The platform does not say which is right, and does not
characterise what the difference means. The renderings are placed
together so the difference is visible; reading it is the reader's work.
7 sources
stand behind this page. Each is listed once, in the order the page first
cites it, with the licence it was cleared under and what was actually read.
Nothing on this page rests on a source that is not here.
Source Tanzil Qur'an text (Uthmani) · Uthmani, Version 1.1
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.
CLEARED. Licence read verbatim from the block embedded in this very file. Ingested exactly as shipped: no normalisation, no stripping of marks, no Unicode recomposition.
Parsed structurally from the EPUB: an h3 names the surah, one p per verse with its number in its own span. An unnumbered p is the basmala and is not a verse, except in surah 1 where the basmala IS verse 1. 112 unnumbered paragraphs were found, which is 114 surahs less surah 1 and surah 9. Text is stored VERBATIM: NFC normalisation and XML entity unescaping only, because CC BY-ND forbids modification.
CLEARED on a licence read first-hand from the translator's own download page, not from an aggregator. Tanzil also hosts this translation, but under a blanket "non-commercial purposes only" term that directs the user to the translator or publisher for permission - a hosting disclaimer, not a grant - so the grant was taken from the licensor directly. The "God" edition was ingested; ClearQuran also publishes an "Allah" edition, differing in how the divine name is rendered, which is not ingested.
CLEARED ON THE WORK, WITH TWO RECORDED CAVEATS ON THIS COPY. (1) Rights basis is the expired copyright term, NOT the redistributing repository's licence. That repository dedicates its contents to the public domain under the Unlicense while also redistributing plainly in-copyright translations (Abdel Haleem, Saheeh International, The Study Quran), so it is dedicating rights it cannot hold and its blanket grant is not relied upon here. (2) The file declares its own upstream as tanzil.net, and Tanzil attaches a non-commercial condition to its TRANSLATION distributions, though not to its Qur'anic text. Since Pickthall's copyright has expired, nobody holds rights in these words and no licence is required from anyone; Tanzil's terms are a contract binding those who download from Tanzil, which we did not. The chain is nonetheless not spotless and Anwar may prefer a clean digitisation of the 1930 printing. NOT VERIFIED: that this digital text matches the 1930 first printing rather than a later revised edition. No page images were collated. Recorded as unverified rather than presented as established. SERVED TEXT DIFFERS FROM THE CITED FILE AT ONE VERSE, 37:97: the file reads "red-hotfire" (a glued token, also in Gutenberg #16955); the served row reads "red-hot fire", restored 2026-09-13 from Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran (London: George Allen & Unwin, printed for Alfred A. Knopf; 1930), p. 460, XXXVII 97 - scan archive.org in.ernet.dli.2015.216140, PDF page 475; banked data/derivation-sources/pickthall-1930-dli-2015.216140-text.pdf (sha256 70e81146c97fa3a590243a82e04e349108546074787e2551a78c616202138870) on Anwar Malik's grant.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is not stated by the redistributor and the printing is unverified. No statement of purpose is recorded for Palmer because none was sourced from his own preface in this pass; nothing is asserted on his behalf.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. TWO edition caveats. (1) The upstream is not stated by the redistributor. (2) Rodwell's own edition PRESENTS THE SURAHS IN HIS OWN CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER, not the mushaf order — he says so in his preface. This digital text is keyed to mushaf order, so it derives from a restored-order printing (such as the Everyman edition) rather than from Rodwell's own arrangement. Which printing is not stated and has not been established.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is NOT STATED by the redistributor, so the printing it represents is unverified; Sale's text was reprinted and re-edited many times between 1734 and 1900. Recorded as unverified rather than assumed to be the first edition.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.
CLEARED. Parallel edition, held in ayah_text_variants. It sits alongside the Uthmani spine for search normalisation and is never used to correct it.