Marked words appear in this translation and in no other English translation of this verse. Common small words and older spellings are not marked. The marks show where the wording differs, not where the meaning does.
Talal Itani· published 2012
And they worship, besides God, what neither harms them nor benefits them. And they say, "These are our intercessors with God." Say, "Are you informing God about what He does not know in the heavens or on earth?" Glorified be He, High above the associations they make.
Translation Talal Itani, ClearQuran·Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1875–1936 · published 1930
They worship beside Allah that which neither hurteth them nor profiteth them, and they say: These are our intercessors with Allah. Say: Would ye inform Allah of (something) that He knoweth not in the heavens or in the earth? Praised be He and High Exalted above all that ye associate (with Him)
Sources
Translation Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran·Public domain — copyright term expired
Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran·1930 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work
·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026
Edward Henry Palmer1840–1882 · published 1880
They worship beside God what can neither harm them nor profit them, and they say, 'These are our intercessors with God!' Say, 'Will ye inform God of aught in the heavens or the earth, that He knows not of?'Celebrated be His praise! and exalted be He, above what they associate with Him
Sources
Translation Edward Henry Palmer, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
And they worship beside God, what cannot hurt or help them; and say, "These are our advocates with God!" SAY: Will ye inform God of aught in the Heavens and in the Earth which he knoweth not? Praise be to Him! High be He exalted above the deities they join with Him
Sources
Translation John Medows Rodwell, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
They worship besides God, that which can neither hurt them nor profit them, and they say, these are our intercessors with God. Answer, will ye tell God that which He knoweth not, neither in heaven nor in earth? Praise be unto Him! And far be that from Him, which they associate with Him
Sources
Translation George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an·1734 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work
·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026
Other languages (18)Shqip · Albanian
Ata adhurojnë në vend të Allahut ata që nuk u bëjnë dëm e as dobi, dhe thonë: "Këta janë ndërmjetësuesit tanë tek Allahu." Thuaju: "Mos doni t'i tregoni Allahut për diçka që Ai nuk e di në qiej e në Tokë?" I patëmeta e i Lartësuar është Ai mbi çdo gjë që i shoqërojnë Atij.
Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5
বাংলা · Bengali
আর তারা (মুশরিকরা) আল্লাহ ছাড়া এমন কিছুর ‘ইবাদত করছে, যা তাদের ক্ষতিও করতে পারে না, উপকারও করতে পারে না। উপরন্তু তারা বলে: ‘এগুলো আল্লাহর কাছে আমাদের সুপারিশকারী।‘ (হে রাসূল!) তুমি তাদেরকে বলো: ‘তোমরা কি (সর্ব বিষয়ে জ্ঞাত) আল্লাহকে আসমানসমূহ ও জমিনের এমন কিছুর সংবাদ দিচ্ছো, যা তিনি জানেন না? তিনি মহান, পবিত্র এবং তারা যাকে (তাঁর সাথে মিথ্যা) শরীক করে, তা থেকে তিনি অনেক ঊর্ধ্বে।
Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Dawah Association in Rabwah, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.2
Bosanski · Bosnian
Oni, pored Allaha, obožavaju nešto što im ne može ni nauditi niti im može kakvu korist pribaviti, i govore: "Ovo su naši zagovornici kod Allaha." Reci: "Zar da Allaha obavještavate da na nebesima i na Zemlji postoji nešto što On ne zna da postoji?!" Uzvišen je On i vrlo visoko u odnosu na ono što Njemu u obožavanju pridružuju.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 2.0.4
Hrvatski · Croatian
Oni, pored Allaha, obožavaju nešto što im ne može ni nauditi niti im može kakvu korist pribaviti, i govore: "Ovo su naši zagovornici kod Allaha." Reci: "Zar da Allaha obavještavate da na nebesima i na Zemlji postoji nešto što On ne zna da postoji?!" Uzvišen je On i vrlo visoko u odnosu na ono što Njemu u obožavanju pridružuju.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1
Fulfulde · Fulani
Heɓe ndeewa ga Alla ɗuum ko lorrataa ɓe nafataa ɓe, heɓe mbi'a : "Ko ɗii ɗoo ngoni tefanooj amen ɗi ka Alla". Maaku : "E on njweetoto Alla ko o anndaa ka kammuuli wanaa ka leydi?" Senayee woodanii mo, O toowii gaay e ko ɓe sirkata.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
ქართული · Georgian
და ისინი თაყვანს სცემენ ალლაჰის გარდა იმას, რაც ვერ ავნებს მათ და ვერც სარგებელს მოუტანს, და ამბობენ: «ესენი ჩვენი შუამდგომლები არიან ალლაჰთან!» უთხარი მათ (ო, მოციქულო): «ნუთუ ალლაჰს ატყობინებთ იმას, რასაც მან არ უწყის ცათა შინა და მიწაზე? წმინდა და დიდებულია იგი იმ ყველაფერზე, რასაც მას უთანაზიარებენ!»
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.7
Deutsch · German
Und sie dienen anstatt Allahs, was ihnen weder schadet noch nützt und sagen: „Das sind unsere Fürsprecher bei Allah.“ Sag: „Wollt ihr denn Allah kundtun, was Er nicht kennt, weder in den Himmeln noch auf der Erde?“ Gepriesen sei Er und erhaben ist Er über das, was sie (Ihm) beigesellen.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.15
Ελληνικά · Greek
Λατρεύουν (οι ειδωλολάτρες), εκτός του Αλλάχ, αυτά (τα είδωλα) που δεν μπορούν ούτε να τους βλάψουν, ούτε να τους ωφελήσουν. Και λένε: «Αυτά (τα είδωλα) είναι οι μεσολαβητές μας ενώπιον του Αλλάχ.» Πες (ω, Προφήτη): «Πληροφορείτε τον Αλλάχ για κάτι (σχετικά με τα είδωλά σας) που δεν το ξέρει ούτε στους ουρανούς, ούτε στη Γη; Δόξα σ' Αυτόν, είναι πολύ Ανώτερος από ό,τι Του αποδίδουν (από εταίρους στη λατρεία και από ό,τι ψεύδη μηχανεύονται).
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
हिन्दी · Hindi
और वे लोग अल्लाह को छोड़कर उनको पूजते हैं, जो न उन्हें कोई हानि पहुँचाते हैं और न उन्हें कोई लाभ पहुँचाते हैं और कहते हैं कि ये लोग अल्लाह के यहाँ हमारे सिफ़ारिशी हैं। आप कह दें : क्या तुम अल्लाह को ऐसी बात की सूचना दे रहे हो, जिसे वह न आकाशों में जानता है और न धरती में? वह पवित्र है और उससे बहुत ऊँचा है, जिसे वे साझीदार ठहराते हैं।
Translated by Azizul Haq Al-Omari
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.5
Italiano · Italian
E adorano all’infuori di Allāh ciò che non può far loro del male né del bene, e dicono: «Questi sono quelli che intercedono presso Allāh». Di’: «Voi volete informare Allāh di ciò che Lui non sa né in cielo né in terra? Gloria Sua! Lui è molto al di sopra di ciò a cui voi Lo associate!»
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
Lietuvių · Lithuanian
18. Ir jie garbina šalia Allaho daiktus, kurie nei jiems kenkia, nei duoda naudos ir sako jie: „Tai yra mūsų tarpininkai su Allahu.“ Sakyk: „Ar jūs sakote Allahui tai, ko Jis nežino danguose ir žemėje?“ Garbinamas ir Išaukštintas yra Jis virš viso to, ką jie priskiria (Jam) kaip partnerius!“
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.8
Afaan Oromoo · Oromo
Rabbiin ala waan isaan hin miineefi hin fayyadne gabbaranii “Isaan kun Rabbiin biratti manguddoota (araarsitoota) keenya” jedhu. “Sila isin waan Inni samiileefi dachii keessatti hin beekne Rabbitti himtuu? Inni (Rabbiin) waan isaan Isa waliin gabbaran irraa qulqullaa’e, ol ta’ee jira” jedhi.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.0
Русский · Russian
Они поклоняются помимо Аллаха тому, что не приносит им ни вреда, ни пользы, и говорят: «Эти — наши заступники перед Аллахом». Скажи: «Неужели вы сообщаете Аллаху о том, чего Он не знает на небесах и на земле? Пречист Он и превыше того, что они придают Ему в сотоварищи».
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1
Српски · Serbian
Они, поред Аллаха, обожавају оно што не може нити да им науди нити да им какву корист донесе, и говоре: „Ови се за нас заузимају код Аллаха.“ Реци: „Зар да Аллаха обавештавате да на небесима и на Земљи постоји нешто што Он не зна да постоји?!“ Узвишен је Он и врло високо у односу на оне које Му придружују.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4
Kiswahili · Swahili
Nao wanaabudu badala ya Mwenyezi Mungu wale wasiowadhuru wala kuwanufaisha, na wanasema, “Hawa ndio waombezi wetu kwa Mwenyezi Mungu!” Sema, “Je, mnamwambia Mwenyezi Mungu yale asiyoyajua ya katika mbingu wala katika ardhi? Ametakasika na ametukuka mbali na hao wanaomshirikisha nao.”
Issued by the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5
Svenska · Swedish
Vid sidan av Gud dyrkar de sådant som varken kan skada eller gagna dem och säger: ”Dessa är våra medlare inför Gud!” Säg: ”Underrättar ni Gud om något han inte vet i himlarna eller på jorden?” Högt upphöjd är han, över vad de sätter vid hans sida!
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
Türkçe · Turkish
Onlar Allah ile birlikte kendilerine ne bir zarar ne de bir fayda vermeyecek olan şeylere ibadet ederler. Bir de: “Bunlar Allah katında bizim şefâatçilerimizdir” derler. De ki: Allah’a, göklerde ve yerde bilmediği bir şeyi mi haber veriyorsunuz? Allah, onların şirk koşmalarından münezzehtir ve çok yücedir.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4
اردو · Urdu
اور یہ لوگ اللہ کے سوا [1] ایسی چیزوں کی عبادت کرتے ہیں جو نہ ان کو ضرر پہنچا سکیں [2]اور نہ ان کو نفع پہنچا سکیں اور کہتے ہیں کہ یہ اللہ کے پاس ہمارے سفارشی ہیں[3]۔ آپ کہہ دیجئے کہ کیا تم اللہ کو ایسی چیز کی خبر دیتے ہو جو اللہ تعالیٰ کو معلوم نہیں، نہ آسمانوں میں اور نہ زمین میں[4]، وه پاک اور برتر ہے ان لوگوں کے شرک سے .[5]
Translated by Muhammad Ibrahim Junagarhi, developed under the supervision of the Rowwad Translation Center. The original translation is available for the purpose of expressing opinion, evaluation, and continuous development.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.3
About these translations
5 cleared translations, newest first, by year of publication, so the modern English comes before the historical ones. That is an ordering by date, not a judgement. Each is shown complete — this platform never excerpts a translation — and each renders under its translator's name. No translation here is marked as the correct one.
Which translations appear here is set by copyright: they are the ones whose rights could be documented and cleared. The selection is not a judgement that these are the best.
About easy-read
Easy-read
Easy-read is a simplified pronunciation,
not authoritative — a rule-by-rule romanisation, not a reading.
Each verse ends in its pause form, as it is said when you stop there. Pauses inside a verse and other tajwid rules are not shown. It is derived from the Tanzil
Simple edition, while the Arabic above is the
Uthmani edition; both are cleared, but they are not the
same edition and their orthography differs.
Easy-read (simplified)qul law shaa'a llaahu maa talawtuhu 'alaykum walaa adraakum bihi faqad labithtu feekum 'umuran min qablihi afalaa ta'qiloon
DIN 31635qul law šāʾa llāhu mā talawtuhu ʿalaykum walā ʾadrākum bihi faqad labiṯtu fīkum ʿumuran min qablihi ʾafalā taʿqilūna
Talal Itani2012 Say, "Had God willed, I would not have recited it to you, and He would not have made it known to you. I have lived among you for a lifetime before it. Do you not understand?"
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 Say: If Allah had so willed I should not have recited it to you nor would He have made it known to you. I dwelt among you a whole lifetime before it (came to me). Have ye then no sense
Edward Henry Palmer1880 Say, 'Had God pleased, I should not have recited it to you, nor taught you therewith. I have tarried a lifetime amongst you before it;- have ye not then any sense
John Medows Rodwell1861 SAY: Had God so pleased, I had not recited it to you, neither had I taught it to you. Already have I dwelt among you for years, ere it was revealed to me. Understand ye not
George Sale1734 Say, if God had so pleased, I had not read it unto you, neither had I taught you the same. I have already dwelt among you to the age of forty years, before I received it. Do ye not therefore understand
Talal Itani2012 Who does greater wrong than someone who fabricates lies about God, or denies His revelations? The guilty will never prosper.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 Who doeth greater wrong than he who inventeth a lie concerning Allah and denieth His revelations? Lo! the guilty never are successful
Edward Henry Palmer1880 Who is more unjust than he who forges against God a lie, or says His signs are lies? verily, the sinners shall not prosper
John Medows Rodwell1861 And who is more unjust than he who coineth a lie against God, or treateth his signs as lies? Surely the wicked shall not prosper
George Sale1734 And who is more unjust than he who deviseth a lie against God, or accuseth his signs of falsehood? Surely the wicked shall not prosper
DIN 31635wamā kāna n-nāsu ʾillā ʾummatan wāḥidatan faḫtalafū walawlā kalimatun sabaqat min rabbika laquḍiya baynahum fīmā fīhi yaḫtalifūna
The translators word this verse differently
Talal Itani2012 Mankind was a single community; then they differed. Were it not for a prior decree from your Lord, the matters over which they had disputed would have been settled.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 Mankind were but one community; then they differed; and had it not been for a word that had already gone forth from thy Lord it had been judged between them in respect of that wherein they differ
Edward Henry Palmer1880 People were but one nation once, then they disagreed; and had it not been for thy Lord's word already passed, there would have been decided between them that concerning which they disagreed
John Medows Rodwell1861 Men were of one religion only: then they fell to variance: and had not a decree (of respite) previously gone forth from thy Lord, their differences had surely been decided between them
George Sale1734 Men were professors of one religion only, but they dissented therefrom; and if a decree had not previously issued from thy Lord, deferring their punishment, verily the matter had been decided between them, concerning which they disagreed
Easy-read (simplified)wayaqooloona lawlaa unzila 'alayhi aayatun min rabbihi faqul innamaa l-ghaybu lillaahi faantaziroo innee ma'akum mina l-muntazireen
DIN 31635wayaqūlūna lawlā ʾunzila ʿalayhi ʾāyatun min rabbihi faqul ʾinnamā l-ġaybu lillāhi fāntaẓirū ʾinnī maʿakum mina l-muntaẓirīna
Talal Itani2012 And they say, "If only a miracle was sent down to him from his Lord." Say, "The realm of the unseen belongs to God; so wait, I am waiting with you."
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 And they will say: If only a portent were sent down upon him from his Lord! Then say, (O Muhammad): The Unseen belongeth to Allah. So wait! Lo! I am waiting with you
Edward Henry Palmer1880 They say, 'Why is not a sign sent down upon him from his Lord?' Say, 'The unseen is only God's; but wait ye for a while, verily, I with you am one of those who wait
John Medows Rodwell1861 They say: "Unless a sign be sent down to him from his Lord. . . ." But SAY: The hidden is only with God: wait therefore: I truly will be with you among those who wait
George Sale1734 They say, unless a sign be sent down unto him from his Lord, we will not believe. Answer, verily that which is hidden is known only unto God: Wait therefore the pleasure of God; and I also will wait with you
These figures count the words the translations share. They measure wording, not meaning, and they do not say which translation is right.
Derived measure: mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the
lowercased word sets of the 5 renderings above —
0.55 on a scale
where 0 means identical wording and 1 means no shared words. It is
computed, not judged.
The page says a verse is worded differently only above the cut below. The cut is a stated convention, not a property of the text, and it can be changed.
The cut
0.644
Share of measured verses above it
33%
Verses above it
2,079
Verses measured
6,236
Talal Itani · George Sale0.64
Talal Itani · John Medows Rodwell0.61
Talal Itani · Edward Henry Palmer0.60
John Medows Rodwell · George Sale0.58
Talal Itani · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall0.58
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · George Sale0.56
Edward Henry Palmer · George Sale0.55
Edward Henry Palmer · John Medows Rodwell0.49
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · John Medows Rodwell0.47
Edward Henry Palmer · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall0.46
One bar per pair of renderings, longest bar for the pair
sharing fewest words. Every pair is shown; none is singled out.
Method Wording differences — derived 13 September 2026
Method
Mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the lowercased word sets of the cleared translations of each verse. A verse is marked as worded differently when its score falls in the top third of the corpus — the cut set out in Analysis details.
As at
13 September 2026, 10:56 UTC
Gate
verify/divergence_gate.py re-derives and fails on drift
The platform does not say which is right, and does not
characterise what the difference means. The renderings are placed
together so the difference is visible; reading it is the reader's work.
7 sources
stand behind this page. Each is listed once, in the order the page first
cites it, with the licence it was cleared under and what was actually read.
Nothing on this page rests on a source that is not here.
Source Tanzil Qur'an text (Uthmani) · Uthmani, Version 1.1
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.
CLEARED. Licence read verbatim from the block embedded in this very file. Ingested exactly as shipped: no normalisation, no stripping of marks, no Unicode recomposition.
Parsed structurally from the EPUB: an h3 names the surah, one p per verse with its number in its own span. An unnumbered p is the basmala and is not a verse, except in surah 1 where the basmala IS verse 1. 112 unnumbered paragraphs were found, which is 114 surahs less surah 1 and surah 9. Text is stored VERBATIM: NFC normalisation and XML entity unescaping only, because CC BY-ND forbids modification.
CLEARED on a licence read first-hand from the translator's own download page, not from an aggregator. Tanzil also hosts this translation, but under a blanket "non-commercial purposes only" term that directs the user to the translator or publisher for permission - a hosting disclaimer, not a grant - so the grant was taken from the licensor directly. The "God" edition was ingested; ClearQuran also publishes an "Allah" edition, differing in how the divine name is rendered, which is not ingested.
CLEARED ON THE WORK, WITH TWO RECORDED CAVEATS ON THIS COPY. (1) Rights basis is the expired copyright term, NOT the redistributing repository's licence. That repository dedicates its contents to the public domain under the Unlicense while also redistributing plainly in-copyright translations (Abdel Haleem, Saheeh International, The Study Quran), so it is dedicating rights it cannot hold and its blanket grant is not relied upon here. (2) The file declares its own upstream as tanzil.net, and Tanzil attaches a non-commercial condition to its TRANSLATION distributions, though not to its Qur'anic text. Since Pickthall's copyright has expired, nobody holds rights in these words and no licence is required from anyone; Tanzil's terms are a contract binding those who download from Tanzil, which we did not. The chain is nonetheless not spotless and Anwar may prefer a clean digitisation of the 1930 printing. NOT VERIFIED: that this digital text matches the 1930 first printing rather than a later revised edition. No page images were collated. Recorded as unverified rather than presented as established. SERVED TEXT DIFFERS FROM THE CITED FILE AT ONE VERSE, 37:97: the file reads "red-hotfire" (a glued token, also in Gutenberg #16955); the served row reads "red-hot fire", restored 2026-09-13 from Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran (London: George Allen & Unwin, printed for Alfred A. Knopf; 1930), p. 460, XXXVII 97 - scan archive.org in.ernet.dli.2015.216140, PDF page 475; banked data/derivation-sources/pickthall-1930-dli-2015.216140-text.pdf (sha256 70e81146c97fa3a590243a82e04e349108546074787e2551a78c616202138870) on Anwar Malik's grant.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is not stated by the redistributor and the printing is unverified. No statement of purpose is recorded for Palmer because none was sourced from his own preface in this pass; nothing is asserted on his behalf.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. TWO edition caveats. (1) The upstream is not stated by the redistributor. (2) Rodwell's own edition PRESENTS THE SURAHS IN HIS OWN CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER, not the mushaf order — he says so in his preface. This digital text is keyed to mushaf order, so it derives from a restored-order printing (such as the Everyman edition) rather than from Rodwell's own arrangement. Which printing is not stated and has not been established.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is NOT STATED by the redistributor, so the printing it represents is unverified; Sale's text was reprinted and re-edited many times between 1734 and 1900. Recorded as unverified rather than assumed to be the first edition.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.
CLEARED. Parallel edition, held in ayah_text_variants. It sits alongside the Uthmani spine for search normalisation and is never used to correct it.