Marked words appear in this translation and in no other English translation of this verse. Common small words and older spellings are not marked. The marks show where the wording differs, not where the meaning does.
Those to whom We gave the Scripture rejoice in what was revealed to you, while some factionsreject parts of it. Say, "I am commanded to worship God, and to never associate anything with Him. To Him I invite, and to Him is my return."
Translation Talal Itani, ClearQuran·Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1875–1936 · published 1930
Those unto whom We gave the Scripture rejoice in that which is revealed unto thee. And of the clans there are who deny some of it. Say: I am commanded only that I serve Allah and ascribe unto Him no partner. Unto Him I cry, and unto Him is my return
Sources
Translation Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran·Public domain — copyright term expired
Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran·1930 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work
·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026
Edward Henry Palmer1840–1882 · published 1880
And those to whom we brought the Book rejoice in that which we have sent down to thee; but of the confederates are some who deny a part thereof. Say, 'I am only bidden to serve God and not to associate any with Him; on Him I call and to Him is my recourse
Sources
Translation Edward Henry Palmer, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
They to whom we have given the Book rejoice in what hath been sent down to thee; yet some are bandedtogether who deny a part of it. SAY: I am commanded to worship God, and not to associate any creature with Him. On Him do I call, and to Him shall I return
Sources
Translation John Medows Rodwell, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
Those to whom We have given the scriptures, rejoice at what hath been revealed unto thee. Yet there are some of the confederates who deny part thereof. Say unto them, verily I am commanded to worship God alone; and to give Him no companion: Upon Him do I call, and unto Him shall I return
Sources
Translation George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an·1734 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work
·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026
Other languages (18)Shqip · Albanian
Ata të cilëve ua kemi dhënë Librin gëzohen me atë që të është shpallur ty. Prej grupeve ka të atillë që mohojnë një pjesë të tij. Thuaj: "Në të vërtetë, unë jam urdhëruar që ta adhuroj Allahun dhe të mos i shoqëroj asgjë në adhurim. Për tek Ai thërras dhe tek Ai është kthimi im.
Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5
বাংলা · Bengali
আর (আপনার পূর্বে) আমি যাদেরকে কিতাব দিয়েছি, তোমার ওপর (আল-কুরআনের) যা নাযিল হয়, তাতে তারা আনন্দিত হয়।(৮) আর (ইয়াহহূদী ও খ্রিস্টানদের) গোত্রসমূহের কেউ কেউ আল-কুরআনের কিছু অংশকে অস্বীকার করে।(৯) (হে রাসূল! তুমি তাদেরকে) বলো: ‘আমাকে কেবল আদেশ দেয়া হয়েছে, যেন আমি আল্লাহর ইবাদাত করি এবং তাঁর সাথে (অন্য কাউকে) শরীক না করি। আমি তাঁরই দিকে দা‘ওয়াত দেই এবং তাঁরই নিকট আমার প্রত্যাবর্তনস্থল।’
Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Dawah Association in Rabwah, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.2
Bosanski · Bosnian
Oni kojima smo dali Knjigu raduju se svemu što objavljujemo tebi, ali u urotničkim grupama ima onih koji poriču nešto od toga. Reci: "Meni je naređeno da samo Allahu ibadet činim i da Njemu nikoga u obožavanju ne pridružujem; Njemu ja pozivam i Njemu se vraćam."
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 2.0.4
Hrvatski · Croatian
Oni kojima smo dali Knjigu raduju se svemu što objavljujemo tebi, ali u urotničkim grupama ima onih koji poriču nešto od toga. Reci: "Meni je naređeno da samo Allaha obožavam i da Njemu nikoga u obožavanju ne pridružujem; Njemu ja pozivam i Njemu se vraćam."
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1
Fulfulde · Fulani
Ɓeen ɓe mnn okki deftere ndeen, heɓe mbeltora ɗuum ko jippinaa e maaɗa. No e leƴƴi kon ɓen yeddooɓe yoga mayre. Maaku: "nganndee ko yamiraa-mi, ko nde reway-mi Alla hara mi sirkanaali mo. Ko e makko nodday-mi, ko ka makko kadi woni ruttorde am".
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
ქართული · Georgian
ხოლო ისინი, ვისაც ჩვენ წიგნი მივეცით, ხარობენ იმით, რაც შენ (ო, მუჰამმად) გარდმოგევლინა (ყურ'ანი) (რადგან მასში პოულობენ დადასტურებას იმისა, რაც მათ წიგნებშია დაწერილი). მაგრამ ჯგუფებს [იუდეველებსა და ქრისტიანებს] შორის არიან ისეთები, რომლებიც უარყოფენ მის (ყურანის) ნაწილს. უთხარი (მათ): «მე ბრძანება მომეცა, რომ ვემსახურო მხოლოდ ალლაჰს და არ დავუდგინო მას თანაზიარი. მე მისკენ (ალლაჰისკენ) მოვუწოდებ (ხალხს) და მისკენ არის დაბრუნება!»
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.7
Deutsch · German
Und diejenigen, denen Wir die Schrift gegeben haben, freuen sich über das, was (als Offenbarung) zu dir hinabgesandt worden ist. Und unter den Gruppierungen gibt es manche, die einen Teil davon verwerfen (und nicht anerkennen). Sag: „Wahrlich, mir wurde angeordnet, dass ich Allah diene und Ihm nicht(s) beigeselle. Zu Ihm rufe ich, und zu Ihm ist meine Rückkehr.“
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.15
Ελληνικά · Greek
Εκείνοι στους οποίους δώσαμε το Βιβλίο (από τους Χριστιανούς και τους Εβραίους που πίστεψαν σε σένα, ω, Μωχάμμαντ, όπως ο Αμπντ Αλλάχ μπιν Σαλλάμ και άλλοι) χαίρονται γι' αυτό (το Κορ’άν) που στάλθηκε σε σένα (επειδή βρίσκουν τις περιγραφές σου στις Γραφές τους), αλλά υπάρχουν κάποιες ομάδες (από τους Χριστιανούς, τους Εβραίους, τους ειδωλολάτρες και άλλους, που έκαναν συμμαχία εναντίον σου) που αρνούνται μέρος του (το οποίο δε συμφωνεί με τις επιθυμίες τους και κατακρίνει την πλάνη και την απιστία τους). Πες: «Πράγματι, διατάχθηκα να λατρεύω μόνο τον Αλλάχ και να μην Του αποδίδω εταίρους στη λατρεία. Αυτόν και μόνο επικαλούμαι και προς Αυτόν και μόνο θα είναι η επιστροφή μου (την Ημέρα της Κρίσεως).»
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
हिन्दी · Hindi
और जिन्हें हमने पुस्तक दी है, वे उस (क़ुरआन) से प्रसन्न होते हैं[17], जो आपकी ओर उतारा गया है। और कुछ समूह ऐसे हैं, जो उसकी कुछ बातों का इनकार करते[18] हैं। आप कह दें कि मुझे तो यही आदेश दिया गया है कि मैं अल्लाह की इबादत करूँ और उसके साथ किसी को साझी न बनाऊँ। मैं उसी की ओर बुलाता हूँ और उसी की ओर मेरा लौटना है।[19]
Translated by Azizul Haq Al-Omari
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.5
Italiano · Italian
E quelli su cui abbiamo fatto scendere il Libro, gioiscono di ciò che ti è stato fatto scendere, e tra le Fazioni ci sono quelli che ne negano una parte. Di’: «In verità, mi è stato ordinato di adorare Allāh e non paragonarGli nulla; a Lui rivolgo la mia invocazione e a Lui sarà il mio ritorno.”
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
Lietuvių · Lithuanian
36. Tie, kuriems Mes davėme Knygą (tokie kaip Abdullah bin Salam ir kiti judėjai, priėmę islamą), džiaugiasi tuo, kas tau buvo apreikšta (t. y. Koranu), tačiau tarp Sąjungininkų (iš judėjų ir pagonių tarpo) yra tokių, kurie atmeta jo dalį. Sakyk: „Man įsakyta garbinti tik Allahą (Vienintelį) ir nepriskirti Jam partnerių. Jo (Vienintelio) aš šaukiuosi ir pas Jį mano sugrįžimas.“
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.8
Afaan Oromoo · Oromo
Warri nuti kitaaba isaaniif kennine, waan gara keetti buufametti ni gammadu. Ahzaaba irraa nama garii isaa mormutu jira. jedhi “Kan ani ajajames Rabbiin qofa gabbaruufi Isatti homaa qindeessuu dhabuudha”. Gara Isaa qofattin waama; deebiin kiyyas gara Isaati.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.0
Русский · Russian
А те, кому Мы даровали Писание, радуются тому, что ниспослано тебе; но среди их групп есть такие, кто отвергает часть этого. Скажи: «Воистину, мне было лишь велено поклоняться Аллаху и не придавать Ему сотоварищей. К Нему я призываю, и к Нему моё возвращение».
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1
Српски · Serbian
Они којима смо дали Књигу радују се свему што ти објављујемо, али неке групе међу њима поричу нешто од тога. Реци: „Мени је наређено да само Аллаха обожавам и да Њему никога у обожавању не придружујем; Њему ја позивам и Њему се враћам.“
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4
Kiswahili · Swahili
Na wale tuliowapa Kitabu wanayafurahia yale yaliyoteremshwa kwako. Na katika makundi mengine wapo wanaoyakataa baadhi yake. Sema: Hakika nimeamrishwa nimuabudu Mwenyezi Mungu tu, na wala nisimshirikishe. Kwake Yeye ndiko ninaitia na kwake Yeye ndiko marejeo.
Issued by the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5
Svenska · Swedish
De som vi tidigare har gett skriften gläds åt det som uppenbarats för dig. Men vissa av de som har splittrat sig i grupper förnekar delar av den. Säg: ”Jag har endast blivit beordrad att dyrka Gud och inte dyrka någon annan vid hans sida. Det är till honom jag kallar, och det är till honom jag ska återvända.”
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
Türkçe · Turkish
Kendilerine kitap verdiklerimiz, sana indirilene (Kur'an'a) sevinirler; fakat (İslam aleyhinde birleşen) gruplardan, onun (sana indirilenin) bazısını inkâr edenler vardır. De ki: “Ben, yalnızca Allah'a ibadet etmek ve O'na ortak koşmamakla emrolundum. Ben ancak O'na davet ederim ve dönüşüm O'nadır.”
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4
اردو · Urdu
جنہیں ہم نے کتاب دی ہے[1] وه تو جو کچھ آپ پر اتارا جاتا ہے اس سے خوش ہوتے ہیں[2] اور دوسرے فرقے اس کی بعض باتوں کے منکر ہیں[3]۔ آپ اعلان کر دیجئے کہ مجھے تو صرف یہی حکم دیا گیا ہے کہ میں اللہ کی عبادت کروں اور اس کے ساتھ شریک نہ کروں، میں اسی کی طرف بلا رہا ہوں اور اسی کی جانب میرا لوٹنا ہے.
Translated by Muhammad Ibrahim Junagarhi, developed under the supervision of the Rowwad Translation Center. The original translation is available for the purpose of expressing opinion, evaluation, and continuous development.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.3
About these translations
5 cleared translations, newest first, by year of publication, so the modern English comes before the historical ones. That is an ordering by date, not a judgement. Each is shown complete — this platform never excerpts a translation — and each renders under its translator's name. No translation here is marked as the correct one.
Which translations appear here is set by copyright: they are the ones whose rights could be documented and cleared. The selection is not a judgement that these are the best.
About easy-read
Easy-read
Easy-read is a simplified pronunciation,
not authoritative — a rule-by-rule romanisation, not a reading.
Each verse ends in its pause form, as it is said when you stop there. Pauses inside a verse and other tajwid rules are not shown. It is derived from the Tanzil
Simple edition, while the Arabic above is the
Uthmani edition; both are cleared, but they are not the
same edition and their orthography differs.
Easy-read (simplified)lahum 'adhaabun fee l-hayaati d-dunyaa wala'adhaabu l-'aakhirati ashaqqu wamaa lahum mina llaahi min waaq
DIN 31635lahum ʿaḏābun fī l-ḥayāti d-dunyā walaʿaḏābu l-ʾāḫirati ʾašaqqu wamā lahum mina llāhi min wāqin
The translators word this verse differently
Talal Itani2012 There is for them torment in the worldly life, but the torment of the Hereafter is harsher. And they have no defender against God.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 For them is torment in the life of the world, and verily the doom of the Hereafter is more painful, and they have no defender from Allah
Edward Henry Palmer1880 For them is torment in this world's life; but surely the torment of the next is more wretched still - nor have they against God a keeper
John Medows Rodwell1861 Chastisement awaiteth them in this present life, and more grievous shall be the chastisement of the next: and none shall screen them from God
George Sale1734 They shall suffer a punishment in this life; but the punishment of the next shall be more grievous: And there shall be none to protect them against God
DIN 31635maṯalu l-ǧannati llatī wuʿida l-muttaqūna taǧrī min taḥtihā l-ʾanhāru ʾukuluhā dāʾimun waẓilluhā tilka ʿuqbā llaḏīna taqaw waʿuqbā l-kāfirīna n-nāru
Talal Itani2012 The likeness of the Garden promised to the righteous: rivers flowing beneath it; its food is perpetual, and so is its shade. Such is the sequel for those who guard against evil, but the sequel of the disbelievers is the Fire.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 A similitude of the Garden which is promised unto those who keep their duty (to Allah): Underneath it rivers flow; its food is everlasting, and its shade; this is the reward of those who keep their duty, while the reward of disbelievers is the Fire
Edward Henry Palmer1880 The likeness of the Paradise which those who fear God are promised, beneath it rivers flow, its food is enduring, and likewise its shade! That is the recompense of those who fear; but the recompense of misbelievers is the Fire
John Medows Rodwell1861 A picture of the Paradise which God hath promised to them that fear Him. The rivers flow beneath its bowers: its food and its shades are perpetual. This is the reward of those who fear God; but the reward of the unbelievers is the Fire
George Sale1734 This is the description of paradise, which is promised to the pious. It is watered by rivers; its food is perpetual, and its shade also: This shall be the reward of those who fear God. But the reward of the infidels shall be hell fire
Easy-read (simplified)wakadhaalika anzalnaahu hukman 'arabiyyan wala'ini taba'ta ahwaa'ahum ba'da maa jaa'aka mina l-'ilmi maa laka mina llaahi min waliyyin walaa waaq
DIN 31635wakaḏālika ʾanzalnāhu ḥukman ʿarabiyyan walaʾini tabaʿta ʾahwāʾahum baʿda mā ǧāʾaka mina l-ʿilmi mā laka mina llāhi min waliyyin walā wāqin
The translators word this verse differently
Talal Itani2012 Thus We revealed it an Arabic code of law. Were you to follow their desires, after the knowledge that has come to you, you would have neither ally nor defender against God.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 Thus have We revealed it, a decisive utterance in Arabic; and if thou shouldst follow their desires after that which hath come unto thee of knowledge, then truly wouldst thou have from Allah no protecting friend nor defender
Edward Henry Palmer1880 Thus have we sent it down, an Arabic judgment, but hadst thou followed their lusts, after the knowledge that has come to thee, thou hadst not had against God a patron or a keeper
John Medows Rodwell1861 Thus, then, as a code in the Arabic tongue have we sent down the Koran; and truly, if after the knowledge that hath reached thee thou follow their desires, thou shalt have no guardian nor protector against God
George Sale1734 To this purpose have We sent down the Koran, a rule of judgment, in the Arabic language. And verily if thou follow their desires, after the knowledge which hath been given thee, there shall be none to defend or protect thee against God
Talal Itani2012 We sent messengers before you, and We assigned for them wives and offspring. No messenger could bring a sign except with the permission of God. For every era is a scripture.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 And verily We sent messengers (to mankind) before thee, and We appointed for them wives and offspring, and it was not (given) to any messenger that he should bring a portent save by Allah's leave. For everything there is a time prescribed
Edward Henry Palmer1880 And we sent apostles before thee, and we made for them wives and seed; and no apostle could bring a sign save by God's permission;- for every period there is a book
John Medows Rodwell1861 Apostles truly have we already sent before thee, and wives and offspring have we given them. Yet no apostle had come with miracles unless by the leave of God. To each age its Book
George Sale1734 We have formerly sent apostles before thee, and bestowed on them wives and children; and no apostle had the power to come with a sign, unless by the permission of God. Every age hath its book of revelation
These figures count the words the translations share. They measure wording, not meaning, and they do not say which translation is right.
Derived measure: mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the
lowercased word sets of the 5 renderings above —
0.62 on a scale
where 0 means identical wording and 1 means no shared words. It is
computed, not judged.
The page says a verse is worded differently only above the cut below. The cut is a stated convention, not a property of the text, and it can be changed.
The cut
0.644
Share of measured verses above it
33%
Verses above it
2,079
Verses measured
6,236
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · John Medows Rodwell0.70
Talal Itani · George Sale0.69
Talal Itani · Edward Henry Palmer0.69
Edward Henry Palmer · George Sale0.65
Talal Itani · John Medows Rodwell0.65
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · George Sale0.63
Edward Henry Palmer · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall0.60
Talal Itani · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall0.60
John Medows Rodwell · George Sale0.50
Edward Henry Palmer · John Medows Rodwell0.49
One bar per pair of renderings, longest bar for the pair
sharing fewest words. Every pair is shown; none is singled out.
Method Wording differences — derived 13 September 2026
Method
Mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the lowercased word sets of the cleared translations of each verse. A verse is marked as worded differently when its score falls in the top third of the corpus — the cut set out in Analysis details.
As at
13 September 2026, 10:56 UTC
Gate
verify/divergence_gate.py re-derives and fails on drift
The platform does not say which is right, and does not
characterise what the difference means. The renderings are placed
together so the difference is visible; reading it is the reader's work.
Sources, editions and licences for everything above
ReceiptsSource fact
7 sources
stand behind this page. Each is listed once, in the order the page first
cites it, with the licence it was cleared under and what was actually read.
Nothing on this page rests on a source that is not here.
Source Tanzil Qur'an text (Uthmani) · Uthmani, Version 1.1
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.
CLEARED. Licence read verbatim from the block embedded in this very file. Ingested exactly as shipped: no normalisation, no stripping of marks, no Unicode recomposition.
Parsed structurally from the EPUB: an h3 names the surah, one p per verse with its number in its own span. An unnumbered p is the basmala and is not a verse, except in surah 1 where the basmala IS verse 1. 112 unnumbered paragraphs were found, which is 114 surahs less surah 1 and surah 9. Text is stored VERBATIM: NFC normalisation and XML entity unescaping only, because CC BY-ND forbids modification.
CLEARED on a licence read first-hand from the translator's own download page, not from an aggregator. Tanzil also hosts this translation, but under a blanket "non-commercial purposes only" term that directs the user to the translator or publisher for permission - a hosting disclaimer, not a grant - so the grant was taken from the licensor directly. The "God" edition was ingested; ClearQuran also publishes an "Allah" edition, differing in how the divine name is rendered, which is not ingested.
CLEARED ON THE WORK, WITH TWO RECORDED CAVEATS ON THIS COPY. (1) Rights basis is the expired copyright term, NOT the redistributing repository's licence. That repository dedicates its contents to the public domain under the Unlicense while also redistributing plainly in-copyright translations (Abdel Haleem, Saheeh International, The Study Quran), so it is dedicating rights it cannot hold and its blanket grant is not relied upon here. (2) The file declares its own upstream as tanzil.net, and Tanzil attaches a non-commercial condition to its TRANSLATION distributions, though not to its Qur'anic text. Since Pickthall's copyright has expired, nobody holds rights in these words and no licence is required from anyone; Tanzil's terms are a contract binding those who download from Tanzil, which we did not. The chain is nonetheless not spotless and Anwar may prefer a clean digitisation of the 1930 printing. NOT VERIFIED: that this digital text matches the 1930 first printing rather than a later revised edition. No page images were collated. Recorded as unverified rather than presented as established. SERVED TEXT DIFFERS FROM THE CITED FILE AT ONE VERSE, 37:97: the file reads "red-hotfire" (a glued token, also in Gutenberg #16955); the served row reads "red-hot fire", restored 2026-09-13 from Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran (London: George Allen & Unwin, printed for Alfred A. Knopf; 1930), p. 460, XXXVII 97 - scan archive.org in.ernet.dli.2015.216140, PDF page 475; banked data/derivation-sources/pickthall-1930-dli-2015.216140-text.pdf (sha256 70e81146c97fa3a590243a82e04e349108546074787e2551a78c616202138870) on Anwar Malik's grant.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is not stated by the redistributor and the printing is unverified. No statement of purpose is recorded for Palmer because none was sourced from his own preface in this pass; nothing is asserted on his behalf.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. TWO edition caveats. (1) The upstream is not stated by the redistributor. (2) Rodwell's own edition PRESENTS THE SURAHS IN HIS OWN CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER, not the mushaf order — he says so in his preface. This digital text is keyed to mushaf order, so it derives from a restored-order printing (such as the Everyman edition) rather than from Rodwell's own arrangement. Which printing is not stated and has not been established.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is NOT STATED by the redistributor, so the printing it represents is unverified; Sale's text was reprinted and re-edited many times between 1734 and 1900. Recorded as unverified rather than assumed to be the first edition.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.
CLEARED. Parallel edition, held in ayah_text_variants. It sits alongside the Uthmani spine for search normalisation and is never used to correct it.