عَالَمِين AALAMIN Read the Qur'an in context Read the Qur'an

The verseSource fact

18:102

أَفَحَسِبَ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوٓا۟ أَن يَتَّخِذُوا۟ عِبَادِى مِن دُونِىٓ أَوْلِيَآءَ إِنَّآ أَعْتَدْنَا جَهَنَّمَ لِلْكَٰفِرِينَ نُزُلًا

Easy-read · not authoritative

Easy-read (simplified)afahasiba lladheena kafaroo an yattakhidhoo 'ibaadee min doonee awliyaa'a innaa a'tadnaa jahannama lilkaafireena nuzulaa

DIN 31635ʾafaḥasiba llaḏīna kafarū ʾan yattaḫiḏū ʿibādī min dūnī ʾawliyāʾa ʾinnā ʾaʿtadnā ǧahannama lilkāfirīna nuzulan

EditionTanzil Qur'an text (Uthmani) ·Creative Commons Attribution 3.0

TranslationsSource fact

Marked words appear in this translation and in no other English translation of this verse. Common small words and older spellings are not marked. The marks show where the wording differs, not where the meaning does.

Talal Itani · published 2012

Do those who disbelieve think that they can take My servants for masters instead of Me? We have prepared Hell for the hospitality of the faithless.

Translation Talal Itani, ClearQuran·Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International

Talal Itani, ClearQuran ·ClearQuran, "God" edition, EPUB·Talal Itani / ClearQuran.com ·Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International·retrieved 7 Sep 2026

Translation by Talal Itani, ClearQuran.com https://clearquran.com

Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall 1875–1936 · published 1930

Do the disbelievers reckon that they can choose My bondmen as protecting friends beside Me? Lo! We have prepared hell as a welcome for the disbelievers

Sources

Translation Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran·Public domain — copyright term expired

Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran ·1930 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work ·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026

Edward Henry Palmer 1840–1882 · published 1880

What! did those who misbelieve reckon that they could take my servants for patrons beside me? Verily, we have prepared hell for the misbelievers to alight in

Sources

Translation Edward Henry Palmer, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired

Edward Henry Palmer, English translation of the Qur'an ·1880 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work ·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026

John Medows Rodwell 1808–1900 · published 1861

What! do the infidels think that they can take my servants as their patrons, beside Me? Verily, we have got Hell ready as the abode of the infidels

Sources

Translation John Medows Rodwell, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired

John Medows Rodwell, English translation of the Qur'an ·1861 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work ·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026

George Sale 1697–1736 · published 1734

Do the unbelievers think that I will not punish them, for that they take my servants for their protectors besides me? Verily We have prepared hell for the abode of the infidels

Sources

Translation George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired

George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an ·1734 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work ·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026

Other languages (18)
Shqip · Albanian

A mendojnë jobesimtarët se mund t'i marrin robërit e Mi për mbrojtës në vend Timin? Ne e kemi përgatitur Xhehenemin si vendbanim për jobesimtarët.

Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5

বাংলা · Bengali

যারা কুফরী করছে, তারা কি মনে করেছে যে, তারা আমার পরিবর্তে আমার বান্দাদেরকে(৩৯) অভিভাবকরূপে গ্রহণ করবে? নিশ্চয় আমি জাহান্নামকে কাফিরদের আপ্যায়নের জন্য প্রস্তুত করেছি।

Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Dawah Association in Rabwah, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.2

Bosanski · Bosnian

Zar nevjernici misle da pored Mene mogu za bogove uzimati robove Moje? Mi smo, doista, za prebivalište nevjernicima pripremili Džehennem.

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 2.0.4

Hrvatski · Croatian

Zar nevjernici misle da pored Mene mogu za bogove uzimati robove Moje? Mi smo, doista, za prebivalište nevjernicima pripremili Pakao.

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1

Fulfulde · Fulani

Enee, ɓen yedduɓe cikku ɓe njogoto jeyaaɓe Am ɓen ga Am, Minen Min heblanii Jahannama on fii yedduɓeɓen wona werde.

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2

ქართული · Georgian

ნუთუ ეგონათ იმათ, რომელთაც არ ირწმუნეს, რომ დაიდგენენ ჩემს მსახურებს ჩემს მაგივრად მფარველებად? ჭეშმარიტად, ჩვენ გავუმზადეთ ურწმუნოებს ჯოჯოხეთი განსასვენებლად.

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.7

Deutsch · German

Meinen denn diejenigen, die ungläubig sind, dass sie sich Meine Diener anstatt Meiner zu Schutzherren nehmen (können)? Wahrlich, Wir haben die Hölle den Ungläubigen zur gastlichen Aufnahme bereitet.

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.15

Ελληνικά · Greek

Νομίζουν οι άπιστοι ότι το να πάρουν τους δούλους Μου (Αγγέλους, Προφήτες, ή διαβόλους) ως κηδεμόνες πέραν από Εμένα, (ότι θα τους ωφελήσουν ή θα τους προστατεύσουν από Εμένα); [Όχι βεβαίως]. Πράγματι, έχουμε ετοιμάσει την Κόλαση για τους άπιστους ως μία κατοικία.

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2

हिन्दी · Hindi

तो क्या जिन लोगों ने कुफ़्र किया, उन्होंने यह सोचा है कि वे मुझे छोड़कर मेरे बंदों को सहायक बना लेंगे? निःसंदेह हमने जहन्नम को काफिरों के लिए आतिथ्य के रूप में तैयार कर रखा है।

Translated by Azizul Haq Al-Omari

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.5

Italiano · Italian

Forse i miscredenti pensavano di prendere i Miei servi come protettori all’infuori di Me? In verità per i miscredenti abbiamo preparato l’Inferno come dimora!

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2

Lietuvių · Lithuanian

102. Argi tada tie, kurie netikėjo, galvoja, kad jie gali laikyti Mano vergus [t. y. angelus, Allaho Pasiuntinius, Isa (Jėzų), Marjamos (Marijos) sūnų] Aulija (viešpačiais, dievais, globėjais) šalia Manęs? Iš tiesų, Mes paruošėme Pragarą kaip pasilinksminimą netikintiesiems [4].

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.8

Afaan Oromoo · Oromo

Sila warri kafaran gabroota kiyya Anaa gaditti gabbaramtoota godhachuu yaadani? Nuti jahannamiin kaafirootaf qubannoo qopheessineera.

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.0

Русский · Russian

Неужели те, которые отвергли веру, полагали, что [смогут] взять Моих рабов покровителями помимо Меня? Воистину, Мы приготовили Геенну для отвергших веру — как уготованное им.

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1

Српски · Serbian

Зар неверници мисле да поред Мене за божанства могу да узимају Моја створења?! Ми смо, заиста, неверницима Пакао као место боравка припремили.

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4

Kiswahili · Swahili

Je, wanadhani wale waliokufuru kwamba watawafanya waja wangu kuwa vipenzi wao badala yangu Mimi? Hakika Sisi tumeiandaa Jahannamu iwe ndipo pahali pa kuteremkia pa makafiri.

Issued by the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5

Svenska · Swedish

Tror de otrogna att de borde dyrka mina tjänare i stället för mig? Vi har förberett helvetet för att ta emot de otrogna!

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2

Türkçe · Turkish

Kâfirler, beni bırakıp da kullarımı veliler/ilahlar edineceklerini mi sandılar? Biz, Cehennem'i kâfirler için konak olarak hazırladık.

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4

اردو · Urdu

کیا کافر یہ خیال کیے بیٹھے ہیں؟ کہ میرے سوا وه میرے بندوں کو اپنا حمایتی بنا لیں گے؟ (سنو) ہم نے تو ان کفار کی مہمانی کے لئے جہنم کو تیار کر رکھا ہے.[1]

Translated by Muhammad Ibrahim Junagarhi, developed under the supervision of the Rowwad Translation Center. The original translation is available for the purpose of expressing opinion, evaluation, and continuous development.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.3

About these translations

5 cleared translations, newest first, by year of publication, so the modern English comes before the historical ones. That is an ordering by date, not a judgement. Each is shown complete — this platform never excerpts a translation — and each renders under its translator's name. No translation here is marked as the correct one.

Which translations appear here is set by copyright: they are the ones whose rights could be documented and cleared. The selection is not a judgement that these are the best.

About easy-read

Easy-read is a simplified pronunciation, not authoritative — a rule-by-rule romanisation, not a reading. Each verse ends in its pause form, as it is said when you stop there. Pauses inside a verse and other tajwid rules are not shown. It is derived from the Tanzil Simple edition, while the Arabic above is the Uthmani edition; both are cleared, but they are not the same edition and their orthography differs.

The verses around this oneSource fact

shown so it's never read alone

18:100

وَعَرَضْنَا جَهَنَّمَ يَوْمَئِذٍ لِّلْكَٰفِرِينَ عَرْضًا

Easy-read · not authoritative

Easy-read (simplified)wa'aradnaa jahannama yawma'idhin lilkaafireena 'ardaa

DIN 31635waʿaraḍnā ǧahannama yawmaʾiḏin lilkāfirīna ʿarḍan

Talal Itani2012 On that Day, We will present the disbelievers to Hell, all displayed.

Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 On that day we shall present hell to the disbelievers, plain to view

Edward Henry Palmer1880 And we will set forth hell on that day before the misbelievers

John Medows Rodwell1861 And we will set Hell on that day close before the infidels

George Sale1734 And We will set hell, on that day, before the unbelievers

18:101

ٱلَّذِينَ كَانَتْ أَعْيُنُهُمْ فِى غِطَآءٍ عَن ذِكْرِى وَكَانُوا۟ لَا يَسْتَطِيعُونَ سَمْعًا

Easy-read · not authoritative

Easy-read (simplified)alladheena kaanat a'yunuhum fee ghitaa'in 'an dhikree wakaanoo laa yastatee'oona sam'aa

DIN 31635allaḏīna kānat ʾaʿyunuhum fī ġiṭāʾin ʿan ḏikrī wakānū lā yastaṭīʿūna samʿan

Talal Itani2012 Those whose eyes were screened to My message, and were unable to hear.

Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 Those whose eyes were hoodwinked from My reminder, and who could not bear to hear

Edward Henry Palmer1880 whose eyes were veiled from my Reminder, and who were unable to hear

John Medows Rodwell1861 Whose eyes were veiled from my warning, and who had no power to hear

George Sale1734 whose eyes have been veiled from my remembrance, and who could not hear my words

18:102 — the verse above

18:103

قُلْ هَلْ نُنَبِّئُكُم بِٱلْأَخْسَرِينَ أَعْمَٰلًا

Easy-read · not authoritative

Easy-read (simplified)qul hal nunabbi'ukum bil-'akhsareena a'maalaa

DIN 31635qul hal nunabbiʾukum bil-ʾaḫsarīna ʾaʿmālan

The translators word this verse differently

Talal Itani2012 Say, "Shall We inform you of the greatest losers in their works?"

Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 Say: Shall We inform you who will be the greatest losers by their works

Edward Henry Palmer1880 Say, 'Shall we inform you of those who lose most by their works

John Medows Rodwell1861 SAY: Shall we tell you who they are that have lost their labour most

George Sale1734 Say, shall We declare unto you those whose works are vain

18:104

ٱلَّذِينَ ضَلَّ سَعْيُهُمْ فِى ٱلْحَيَوٰةِ ٱلدُّنْيَا وَهُمْ يَحْسَبُونَ أَنَّهُمْ يُحْسِنُونَ صُنْعًا

Easy-read · not authoritative

Easy-read (simplified)alladheena dalla sa'yuhum fee l-hayaati d-dunyaa wahum yahsaboona annahum yuhsinoona sun'aa

DIN 31635allaḏīna ḍalla saʿyuhum fī l-ḥayāti d-dunyā wahum yaḥsabūna ʾannahum yuḥsinūna ṣunʿan

The translators word this verse differently

Talal Itani2012 "Those whose efforts in this world are misguided, while they assume that they are doing well."

Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 Those whose effort goeth astray in the life of the world, and yet they reckon that they do good work

Edward Henry Palmer1880 those who erred in their endeavours after the life of this world, and who think they are doing good deeds

John Medows Rodwell1861 Whose aim in the present life hath been mistaken, and who deem that what they do is right

George Sale1734 whose endeavour in the present life hath been wrongly directed, and who think they do the work which is right

Sources

EditionTanzil Qur'an text (Uthmani) ·Uthmani, Version 1.1·Tanzil Project ·Creative Commons Attribution 3.0·retrieved 24 Aug 2026

Parallel edition — Simple, Version 1.1

أَفَحَسِبَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا أَن يَتَّخِذُوا عِبَادِي مِن دُونِي أَوْلِيَاءَ إِنَّا أَعْتَدْنَا جَهَنَّمَ لِلْكَافِرِينَ نُزُلًا

EditionTanzil Qur'an text (Simple) ·Simple, Version 1.1·Tanzil Project ·Creative Commons Attribution 3.0·retrieved 24 Aug 2026

In plain words — none yet for this verse

Analysis details
Analysis detailsDerived

These figures count the words the translations share. They measure wording, not meaning, and they do not say which translation is right.

Derived measure: mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the lowercased word sets of the 5 renderings above — 0.62 on a scale where 0 means identical wording and 1 means no shared words. It is computed, not judged.

The page says a verse is worded differently only above the cut below. The cut is a stated convention, not a property of the text, and it can be changed.

The cut
0.644
Share of measured verses above it
33%
Verses above it
2,079
Verses measured
6,236
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · George Sale 0.72
Edward Henry Palmer · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall 0.68
Edward Henry Palmer · George Sale 0.68
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · John Medows Rodwell 0.66
Talal Itani · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall 0.65
Edward Henry Palmer · John Medows Rodwell 0.61
Talal Itani · Edward Henry Palmer 0.60
Talal Itani · John Medows Rodwell 0.58
Talal Itani · George Sale 0.57
John Medows Rodwell · George Sale 0.50

One bar per pair of renderings, longest bar for the pair sharing fewest words. Every pair is shown; none is singled out.

Method Wording differences — derived 13 September 2026
Method
Mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the lowercased word sets of the cleared translations of each verse. A verse is marked as worded differently when its score falls in the top third of the corpus — the cut set out in Analysis details.
As at
13 September 2026, 10:56 UTC
Gate
verify/divergence_gate.py re-derives and fails on drift

The platform does not say which is right, and does not characterise what the difference means. The renderings are placed together so the difference is visible; reading it is the reader's work.

Later literature, history and language

Easy-read

SourceTanzil Qur'an text (Simple) ·Simple, Version 1.1·Tanzil Project ·Creative Commons Attribution 3.0·retrieved 24 Aug 2026

SourceTanzil Qur'an text (Simple) ·Simple, Version 1.1·Tanzil Project ·Creative Commons Attribution 3.0·retrieved 24 Aug 2026

Sources, editions and licences for everything above

ReceiptsSource fact

7 sources stand behind this page. Each is listed once, in the order the page first cites it, with the licence it was cleared under and what was actually read. Nothing on this page rests on a source that is not here.

Source Tanzil Qur'an text (Uthmani) · Uthmani, Version 1.1
Edition
Uthmani, Version 1.1
Custodian
Tanzil Project
Layer
canonical text
Licence
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0
Licence URL
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Commercial use
yes
Modification
contradictory
Licence text
read verbatim
Review state
cleared
Retrieved
24 August 2026
Digest
203f0f1bf3158b1e5be4ab9f8f6870e5…
Located at
https://tanzil.net/pub/download/index.php?quranType=uthmani&outType=xml
Convention
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.

CLEARED. Licence read verbatim from the block embedded in this very file. Ingested exactly as shipped: no normalisation, no stripping of marks, no Unicode recomposition.

Every source and rights decision →

Source Talal Itani, ClearQuran · ClearQuran, "God" edition, EPUB
Edition
ClearQuran, "God" edition, EPUB
Custodian
Talal Itani / ClearQuran.com
Layer
translation
Licence
Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
Licence URL
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/
Commercial use
yes
Modification
no
Licence text
terms page read
Review state
cleared
Retrieved
7 September 2026
Digest
70b0a8bb6f862f43670f7da1c0da59a4…
Located at
https://www.clearquran.com/downloads/quran-in-english-clearquran.epub
Convention
Parsed structurally from the EPUB: an h3 names the surah, one p per verse with its number in its own span. An unnumbered p is the basmala and is not a verse, except in surah 1 where the basmala IS verse 1. 112 unnumbered paragraphs were found, which is 114 surahs less surah 1 and surah 9. Text is stored VERBATIM: NFC normalisation and XML entity unescaping only, because CC BY-ND forbids modification.

CLEARED on a licence read first-hand from the translator's own download page, not from an aggregator. Tanzil also hosts this translation, but under a blanket "non-commercial purposes only" term that directs the user to the translator or publisher for permission - a hosting disclaimer, not a grant - so the grant was taken from the licensor directly. The "God" edition was ingested; ClearQuran also publishes an "Allah" edition, differing in how the divine name is rendered, which is not ingested.

Every source and rights decision →

Source Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran · 1930 translation, digital edition of unverified printing
Edition
1930 translation, digital edition of unverified printing
Custodian
None — public domain work
Layer
translation
Licence
Public domain — copyright term expired
Licence URL
— none published —
Commercial use
yes
Modification
yes
Licence text
not applicable — no licence exists
Review state
cleared
Retrieved
24 August 2026
Digest
aaff752d4349005282d977eebb863982…
Located at
https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/fawazahmed0/quran-api@6be8e17f2a0c13b1f33b1c3057f73cb28d5e848e/editions/eng-mohammedmarmadu.json

CLEARED ON THE WORK, WITH TWO RECORDED CAVEATS ON THIS COPY. (1) Rights basis is the expired copyright term, NOT the redistributing repository's licence. That repository dedicates its contents to the public domain under the Unlicense while also redistributing plainly in-copyright translations (Abdel Haleem, Saheeh International, The Study Quran), so it is dedicating rights it cannot hold and its blanket grant is not relied upon here. (2) The file declares its own upstream as tanzil.net, and Tanzil attaches a non-commercial condition to its TRANSLATION distributions, though not to its Qur'anic text. Since Pickthall's copyright has expired, nobody holds rights in these words and no licence is required from anyone; Tanzil's terms are a contract binding those who download from Tanzil, which we did not. The chain is nonetheless not spotless and Anwar may prefer a clean digitisation of the 1930 printing. NOT VERIFIED: that this digital text matches the 1930 first printing rather than a later revised edition. No page images were collated. Recorded as unverified rather than presented as established. SERVED TEXT DIFFERS FROM THE CITED FILE AT ONE VERSE, 37:97: the file reads "red-hotfire" (a glued token, also in Gutenberg #16955); the served row reads "red-hot fire", restored 2026-09-13 from Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran (London: George Allen & Unwin, printed for Alfred A. Knopf; 1930), p. 460, XXXVII 97 - scan archive.org in.ernet.dli.2015.216140, PDF page 475; banked data/derivation-sources/pickthall-1930-dli-2015.216140-text.pdf (sha256 70e81146c97fa3a590243a82e04e349108546074787e2551a78c616202138870) on Anwar Malik's grant.

Every source and rights decision →

Source Edward Henry Palmer, English translation of the Qur'an · 1880 translation, digital edition of unverified printing
Edition
1880 translation, digital edition of unverified printing
Custodian
None — public domain work
Layer
translation
Licence
Public domain — copyright term expired
Licence URL
— none published —
Commercial use
yes
Modification
yes
Licence text
not applicable — no licence exists
Review state
cleared
Retrieved
24 August 2026
Digest
32b2330e332339ace53509539efe9040…
Located at
https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/fawazahmed0/quran-api@6be8e17f2a0c13b1f33b1c3057f73cb28d5e848e/editions/eng-edwardhenrypalm.json
Convention
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.

CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is not stated by the redistributor and the printing is unverified. No statement of purpose is recorded for Palmer because none was sourced from his own preface in this pass; nothing is asserted on his behalf.

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Source John Medows Rodwell, English translation of the Qur'an · 1861 translation, digital edition of unverified printing
Edition
1861 translation, digital edition of unverified printing
Custodian
None — public domain work
Layer
translation
Licence
Public domain — copyright term expired
Licence URL
— none published —
Commercial use
yes
Modification
yes
Licence text
not applicable — no licence exists
Review state
cleared
Retrieved
24 August 2026
Digest
91423dea6a6dccc192457870ed2c08fb…
Located at
https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/fawazahmed0/quran-api@6be8e17f2a0c13b1f33b1c3057f73cb28d5e848e/editions/eng-johnmedowsrodwe.json
Convention
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.

CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. TWO edition caveats. (1) The upstream is not stated by the redistributor. (2) Rodwell's own edition PRESENTS THE SURAHS IN HIS OWN CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER, not the mushaf order — he says so in his preface. This digital text is keyed to mushaf order, so it derives from a restored-order printing (such as the Everyman edition) rather than from Rodwell's own arrangement. Which printing is not stated and has not been established.

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Source George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an · 1734 translation, digital edition of unverified printing
Edition
1734 translation, digital edition of unverified printing
Custodian
None — public domain work
Layer
translation
Licence
Public domain — copyright term expired
Licence URL
— none published —
Commercial use
yes
Modification
yes
Licence text
not applicable — no licence exists
Review state
cleared
Retrieved
24 August 2026
Digest
05b679f5df49b0579e65f4b83b4c7235…
Located at
https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/fawazahmed0/quran-api@6be8e17f2a0c13b1f33b1c3057f73cb28d5e848e/editions/eng-georgesale.json
Convention
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.

CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is NOT STATED by the redistributor, so the printing it represents is unverified; Sale's text was reprinted and re-edited many times between 1734 and 1900. Recorded as unverified rather than assumed to be the first edition.

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Source Tanzil Qur'an text (Simple) · Simple, Version 1.1
Edition
Simple, Version 1.1
Custodian
Tanzil Project
Layer
canonical text
Licence
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0
Licence URL
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Commercial use
yes
Modification
contradictory
Licence text
read verbatim
Review state
cleared
Retrieved
24 August 2026
Digest
d9b5bad94e4725191aa8da9a0404bd8e…
Located at
https://tanzil.net/pub/download/index.php?quranType=simple&outType=xml
Convention
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.

CLEARED. Parallel edition, held in ayah_text_variants. It sits alongside the Uthmani spine for search normalisation and is never used to correct it.

Every source and rights decision →

Every source and rights decision →

How to read this page

Source fact Derived link Editorial
Source fact
Text as a named source gives it. The platform is transcribing, not speaking.
Derived link
Produced by a query over data we hold. Reproducible, and its method is stated.
Editorial
Written by a named editor. Not a translation and not a source. The only place this platform speaks in its own voice, and it is signed.

Qur'anic text from the Tanzil Project. Copyright (C) 2007-2026 Tanzil Project License: Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Source: tanzil.net · Updates: tanzil.net/updates/ https://tanzil.net/updates/