Marked words appear in this translation and in no other English translation of this verse. Common small words and older spellings are not marked. The marks show where the wording differs, not where the meaning does.
Talal Itani· published 2012
In the creation of the heavens and the earth; in the alternation of night and day; in the ships that sail the oceans for the benefit of mankind; in the water that God sends down from the sky, and revives the earth with it after it had died, and scatters in it all kinds of creatures; in the changing of the winds, and the clouds disposed between the sky and the earth; are signs for people who understand.
Translation Talal Itani, ClearQuran·Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1875–1936 · published 1930
Lo! In the creation of the heavens and the earth, and the difference of night and day, and the ships which run upon the sea with that which is of use to men, and the water which Allah sendeth down from the sky, thereby reviving the earth after its death, and dispersing all kinds of beasts therein, and (in) the ordinance of the winds, and the clouds obedient between heaven and earth: are signs (of Allah'sSovereignty) for people who have sense
Sources
Translation Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran·Public domain — copyright term expired
Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran·1930 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work
·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026
Edward Henry Palmer1840–1882 · published 1880
Verily, in the creation of the heavens and the earth, and the alternation of night and day, and in the ship that runneth in the sea with that which profits man, and in what water God sends down from heaven and quickens therewith the earth after its death, and spreadsabroad therein all kinds of cattle, and in the shifting of the winds, and in the clouds that are pressed into service betwixt heaven and earth, are signs to people who can understand
Sources
Translation Edward Henry Palmer, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
Assuredly in the creation of the Heavens and of the Earth; and in the alternation of night and day; and in the ships which pass through the sea with what is useful to man; and in the rain which God sendeth down from Heaven, givinglife by it to the earth after its death, and by scattering over it all kinds of cattle; and in the change of the winds, and in the clouds that are made to do service between the Heaven and the Earth; - are signs for those who understand
Sources
Translation John Medows Rodwell, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
Now in the creation of heaven and earth, and the vicissitude of night and day, and in the ship which saileth in the sea, loaden with what is profitable for mankind, and in the rain water which God sendeth from heaven, quickening thereby the dead earth, and replenishing the same with all sorts of cattle, and in the change of winds, and the clouds that are compelled to do service between heaven and earth, are signs to people of understanding
Sources
Translation George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an·1734 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work
·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026
Other languages (18)Shqip · Albanian
Në krijimin e qiejve e të Tokës, në ndërrimin e natës e ditës, në anijet që lundrojnë në det me gjëra që u sjellin dobi njerëzve, në ujin që Allahu e zbret nga qielli, me të cilin gjallëron tokën pasi të jetë tharë dhe përhap në të gjithfarë gjallesash, si dhe në lëvizjen e erërave dhe reve të nënshtruara mes qiellit e Tokës, vërtet ka shenja për njerëzit që mendojnë.
Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5
বাংলা · Bengali
নিশ্চয় আসমানসমূহ ও জমিনের সৃষ্টিতে, রাত ও দিনের আবর্তনে , মানুষের জন্য উপকারী পণ্যবাহী চলমান সামুদ্রিক জাহাজে এবং আল্লাহ আসমান থেকে যে বৃষ্টি বর্ষণ করেছেন, অতঃপর তার মাধ্যমে মৃত ভূ-পৃষ্ঠকে পুনর্জীবিত করেছেন তার মধ্যে, তিনি যে পৃথিবীতে ছড়িয়ে দিয়েছেন সকল প্রকার বিচরণশীল প্রাণী সেগুলোতে, বায়ুর দিক পরিবর্তনে, আকাশ ও পৃথিবীর মধ্যে নিয়ন্ত্রিত মেঘমালাতে বিবেকবান সম্প্রদায়ের জন্য রয়েছে নিদর্শনসমূহ।
Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Dawah Association in Rabwah, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.2
Bosanski · Bosnian
U stvaranju nebesa i Zemlje, u smjeni noći i dana, u lađi koja morem plovi s korisnim tovarom za ljude i u vodi koju Allah pušta s neba, pa tako u život vraća zemlju nakon zamrlosti njene, po kojoj je rasijao svakojaka živa bića, u usmjeravanju vjetrova i oblacima koji između neba i Zemlje lebde – ima, doista, znakova za one koji razumiju.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 2.0.4
Hrvatski · Croatian
U stvaranju nebesa i Zemlje, u smjeni noći i dana, u lađi koja morem plovi s korisnim tovarom za ljude i u vodi koju Allah pušta s neba, pa tako u život vraća zemlju nakon zamrlosti njene, po kojoj je rasijao svakojaka živa bića, u usmjeravanju vjetrova i oblacima koji između neba i Zemlje lebde – ima, doista, znakova za one koji razumiju.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1
Fulfulde · Fulani
Pellet hino e ndeer tagugol kammuuli ɗin e leydi ndin, e luutondiral jemma e ñalorma on, e laaɗe dogooje ɗee he maaje kaaɗɗe nafugol yimɓe ɓen, e ko Allah Jippini to kammu ( ndowgu), he ndiyam, o wurniri ɗam leydi ndin ɓaawo maayugol mayri o Saakti he mayri kala daaba, e waylitugol keneeli ɗin e duule eltaaɗe ɗen hakkunde leydi e kammu, maandeeji wonannde yimɓe hakkilooɓe .
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
ქართული · Georgian
ჭეშმარიტად, ცათა შექმნაში [მათ სიდიადეში] და მიწისა (მისი მთებით, ვაკეებითა და ზღვებით), ღამისა და დღის მონაცვლეობაში [როგორ ენაცვლებიან ერთმანეთს], ხომალდებში, რომლებიც ზღვაში მიცურავენ იმით, რითაც ადამიანებს სარგებელს მოაქვს, და წყალში, რომელიც ალლაჰმა ჩამოუვლინა ციდან [წვიმის სახით] და მისით გააცოცხლა მიწა, და შემდეგ გაავრცელა მასზე ყოველგვარი ცხოველი, ქართა მიმართულებების ცვლაში და მორჩილ ღრუბლებში, რომლებიც ცასა და მიწას შორის არიან — ამ ყველაფერში ნათელი სასწაულებია იმ ხალხისთვის, ვინც აზროვნებს.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.7
Deutsch · German
Wahrlich, in der Schöpfung der Himmel und der Erde; im Unterschied von Nacht und Tag; in den Schiffen, die das Meer befahren mit dem, was den Menschen nützt; und was Allah vom Himmel an Wasser herabkommen lässt, und damit dann die Erde nach ihrem Tod wieder lebendig macht und auf ihr allerlei Tiere sich ausbreiten lässt; und im Wechsel der Winde und der Wolken, die zwischen Himmel und Erde dienstbar gemacht sind, sind gewiss Zeichen für Leute, die begreifen.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.15
Ελληνικά · Greek
Στ’ αλήθεια, στη δημιουργία των ουρανών και της γης, στη διαδοχική εναλλαγή της νύχτας με την ημέρα, στα πλοία που πλέουν στις θάλασσες μεταφέροντας αυτά που ωφελούν τους ανθρώπους, στο νερό (της βροχής) που ο Αλλάχ στέλνει κάτω από τον ουρανό κάνοντας με αυτό τη γη να ξαναζωντανεύει μετά τον θάνατό της, σε ό,τι σκόρπισε (ο Αλλάχ) σε αυτή (τη γη) από κάθε είδους κινούμενο πλάσμα, στις αλλαγές των κατευθύνσεων των ανέμων και στα υποταγμένα σύννεφα ανάμεσα στον ουρανό και τη γη, υπάρχουν σημεία (και ξεκάθαρες αποδείξεις) για τους ανθρώπους που το αντιλαμβάνονται.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
हिन्दी · Hindi
निःसंदेह आकाशों और धरती की रचना तथा रात और दिन के बदलने में, तथा उन नावों में जो लोगों को लाभ देने वाली चीज़ें लेकर सागरों में चलती हैं, और उस पानी में जो जो अल्लाह ने आकाश से उतारा, फिर उसके द्वारा धरती को उसकी मृत्यु के पश्चात् जीवित कर दिया और उसमें हर प्रकार के जानवर फैला दिए, तथा हवाओं को फेरने (बदलने) में और उस बादल में, जो आकाश और धरती के बीच वशीभूत[83] किया हुआ है, (इन सब चीज़ों में) उन लोगों के लिए बहुत-सी निशानियाँ हैं, जो समझ-बूझ रखते हैं।
Translated by Azizul Haq Al-Omari
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.5
Italiano · Italian
In verità, nella creazione dei cieli e della terra, nella differenza tra la notte e il giorno, nelle navi che solcano i mari piene delle cose utili agli uomini, nell’acqua che Allāh ha fatto scendere dal cielo e che ha fatto rivivere la terra dopo la sua morte, nel fatto che ha diffuso tanti animali di ogni specie, e nel movimento dei venti e delle nuvole, asserviti tra il cielo e la terra, in tutto ciò ci sono Segni per gli uomini che hanno intelletto.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
Lietuvių · Lithuanian
164. Iš tiesų, dangų ir žemės sukūrime, bei nakties ir dienos kaitoje, ir laivuose, kurie skrodžia jūra su tuo, kas teikia naudą žmonijai, ir vandenyje (lietuje), kurį Allahas nuleidžia iš dangaus ir tuo atgaivina žemę po jos mirties, ir visų rūšių būtybių, kurias Jis ten paskleidė, judėjime (gyvenime), ir vėjų bei debesų, kurie laikomi tarp dangaus ir žemės, krypties pakeitime, tikrai yra Ajat (įrodymai, įkalčiai, ženklai ir t. t.) suvokiantiems žmonėms.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.0
Русский · Russian
Воистину, в сотворении небес и земли, в смене ночи и дня, в кораблях, которые плывут по морю с тем, что приносит пользу людям, в том, что Аллах низводит с неба воду и оживляет ею землю после её смерти, и расселяет на ней всяких животных, в перемене ветров и в облаках, подчинённых между небом и землёй, — знамения для людей разумеющих.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1
Српски · Serbian
У стварању небеса и Земље, у смени ноћи и дана, у лађи која морем плови сa корисним товаром за људе и у води коју Аллах сa неба спушта, па тако земљу враћа у живот након њене замрлости, по којој је расејао разноразна жива бића, у усмеравању ветрова и облацима који између неба и Земље лебде - има, заиста, знакова за оне који разумеју.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4
Kiswahili · Swahili
Hakika, katika kuumbwa kwa mbingu na ardhi, na kukhitalifiana usiku na mchana. Na marikebu ambazo hupita baharini kwa viwafaavyo watu, na maji anayoyateremsha Mwenyezi Mungu kutoka mbinguni, na kwa hayo, akaihuisha ardhi baada ya kufa kwake, na akaeneza humo kila aina ya wanyama; na katika mabadiliko ya pepo na mawingu yanayoamrishwa kupita baina ya mbingu na ardhi, bila shaka zimo Ishara kwa watu watumiao akili.
Issued by the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5
Svenska · Swedish
I skapelsen av himlarna och jorden och i växlingen mellan natt och dag, och i skeppen som färdas över haven med det som gynnar människorna, och i regnet som Gud sänder ned från skyn – med vilket han ger liv till den döda jorden och sprider levande varelser av alla slag på den – samt i vindarnas vändningar och i molnen som samlats mellan himmel och jord – [i allt detta] finns säkerligen tecken för de människor som använder sitt förstånd.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
Türkçe · Turkish
Şüphesiz göklerin ve yerin yaratılışında, gece ve gündüzün birbirinin ardınca gelişinde, insanların faydalanacağı şeyleri denizde taşıyıp giden gemilerde, Allah'ın gökten indirdirerek ölmüş olan yeryüzünü dirilttiği suda, ardından orada bütün hayvanları yaymasında, gök ile yer arasında Allah'ın emrine boyun eğmiş rüzgârları ve bulutlar yönlendirmesinde, aklını kullanan bir topluluk için nice deliller vardır.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4
اردو · Urdu
آسمانوں اور زمین کی پیدائش، رات دن کا ہیر پھیر، کشتیوں کا لوگوں کو نفع دینے والی چیزوں کو لئے ہوئے سمندروں میں چلنا، آسمان سے پانی اتار کر، مرده زمین کو زنده کردینا[1] ، اس میں ہر قسم کے جانوروں کو پھیلا دینا، ہواؤں کے رخ بدلنا، اور بادل، جو آسمان اور زمین کے درمیان مسخر ہیں، ان میں عقلمندوں کے لئے قدرت الٰہی کی نشانیاں ہیں۔
Translated by Muhammad Ibrahim Junagarhi, developed under the supervision of the Rowwad Translation Center. The original translation is available for the purpose of expressing opinion, evaluation, and continuous development.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.3
About these translations
5 cleared translations, newest first, by year of publication, so the modern English comes before the historical ones. That is an ordering by date, not a judgement. Each is shown complete — this platform never excerpts a translation — and each renders under its translator's name. No translation here is marked as the correct one.
Which translations appear here is set by copyright: they are the ones whose rights could be documented and cleared. The selection is not a judgement that these are the best.
About easy-read
Easy-read
Easy-read is a simplified pronunciation,
not authoritative — a rule-by-rule romanisation, not a reading.
Each verse ends in its pause form, as it is said when you stop there. Pauses inside a verse and other tajwid rules are not shown. It is derived from the Tanzil
Simple edition, while the Arabic above is the
Uthmani edition; both are cleared, but they are not the
same edition and their orthography differs.
Talal Itani2012 Yet among the people are those who take other than God as equals to Him. They love them as the love of God. But those who believe have greater love for God. If only the wrongdoers would realize, when they see the torment; that all power is God's, and that God is severe in punishment.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 Yet of mankind are some who take unto themselves (objects of worship which they set as) rivals to Allah, loving them with a love like (that which is the due) of Allah (only) - those who believe are stauncher in their love for Allah - Oh, that those who do evil had but known, (on the day) when they behold the doom, that power belongeth wholly to Allah, and that Allah is severe in punishment
Edward Henry Palmer1880 Yet are there some amongst mankind who take to themselves peers other than God; they love them as they should love God while those who believe love God more. O that those who are unjust could only see, when they see the torment, that power is altogether God's! Verily, God is keen to torment
John Medows Rodwell1861 Yet there are men who take to them idols along with God, and love them with the love of God: But stronger in the faithful is the love of God. Oh! the impious will see, when they see their chastisement, that all power is God's, and that God is severe in chastising
George Sale1734 Yet some men take idols beside God, and love them as with the love due to God; but the true believers are more fervent in love towards God. Oh that they who act unjustly did perceive, when they behold their punishment, that all power belongeth unto God, and that he is severe in punishing
DIN 31635ʾiḏ tabarraʾa llaḏīna tubiʿū mina llaḏīna tabaʿū waraʾawu l-ʿaḏāba wataqaṭṭaʿat bihimu l-ʾasbābu
The translators word this verse differently
Talal Itani2012 Those who were followed will then disown those who followed them, and they will see the retribution, and ties between them will be severed.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 (On the day) when those who were followed disown those who followed (them), and they behold the doom, and all their aims collapse with them
Edward Henry Palmer1880 When those who are followed clear themselves of those who followed them, and see the torment, and the cords are cut asunder
John Medows Rodwell1861 When those who have had followers shall declare themselves clear from their followers after that they have seen the chastisement, and when the ties between them shall be cut asunder
George Sale1734 When those who have been followed, shall separate themselves from their followers, and shall see the punishment, and the cords of relation between them shall be cut in sunder
These figures count the words the translations share. They measure wording, not meaning, and they do not say which translation is right.
Derived measure: mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the
lowercased word sets of the 5 renderings above —
0.60 on a scale
where 0 means identical wording and 1 means no shared words. It is
computed, not judged.
The page says a verse is worded differently only above the cut below. The cut is a stated convention, not a property of the text, and it can be changed.
The cut
0.644
Share of measured verses above it
33%
Verses above it
2,079
Verses measured
6,236
Talal Itani · George Sale0.68
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · George Sale0.64
Edward Henry Palmer · George Sale0.62
Talal Itani · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall0.61
Talal Itani · Edward Henry Palmer0.60
Edward Henry Palmer · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall0.59
Talal Itani · John Medows Rodwell0.59
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · John Medows Rodwell0.57
John Medows Rodwell · George Sale0.56
Edward Henry Palmer · John Medows Rodwell0.52
One bar per pair of renderings, longest bar for the pair
sharing fewest words. Every pair is shown; none is singled out.
Method Wording differences — derived 13 September 2026
Method
Mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the lowercased word sets of the cleared translations of each verse. A verse is marked as worded differently when its score falls in the top third of the corpus — the cut set out in Analysis details.
As at
13 September 2026, 10:56 UTC
Gate
verify/divergence_gate.py re-derives and fails on drift
The platform does not say which is right, and does not
characterise what the difference means. The renderings are placed
together so the difference is visible; reading it is the reader's work.
7 sources
stand behind this page. Each is listed once, in the order the page first
cites it, with the licence it was cleared under and what was actually read.
Nothing on this page rests on a source that is not here.
Source Tanzil Qur'an text (Uthmani) · Uthmani, Version 1.1
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.
CLEARED. Licence read verbatim from the block embedded in this very file. Ingested exactly as shipped: no normalisation, no stripping of marks, no Unicode recomposition.
Parsed structurally from the EPUB: an h3 names the surah, one p per verse with its number in its own span. An unnumbered p is the basmala and is not a verse, except in surah 1 where the basmala IS verse 1. 112 unnumbered paragraphs were found, which is 114 surahs less surah 1 and surah 9. Text is stored VERBATIM: NFC normalisation and XML entity unescaping only, because CC BY-ND forbids modification.
CLEARED on a licence read first-hand from the translator's own download page, not from an aggregator. Tanzil also hosts this translation, but under a blanket "non-commercial purposes only" term that directs the user to the translator or publisher for permission - a hosting disclaimer, not a grant - so the grant was taken from the licensor directly. The "God" edition was ingested; ClearQuran also publishes an "Allah" edition, differing in how the divine name is rendered, which is not ingested.
CLEARED ON THE WORK, WITH TWO RECORDED CAVEATS ON THIS COPY. (1) Rights basis is the expired copyright term, NOT the redistributing repository's licence. That repository dedicates its contents to the public domain under the Unlicense while also redistributing plainly in-copyright translations (Abdel Haleem, Saheeh International, The Study Quran), so it is dedicating rights it cannot hold and its blanket grant is not relied upon here. (2) The file declares its own upstream as tanzil.net, and Tanzil attaches a non-commercial condition to its TRANSLATION distributions, though not to its Qur'anic text. Since Pickthall's copyright has expired, nobody holds rights in these words and no licence is required from anyone; Tanzil's terms are a contract binding those who download from Tanzil, which we did not. The chain is nonetheless not spotless and Anwar may prefer a clean digitisation of the 1930 printing. NOT VERIFIED: that this digital text matches the 1930 first printing rather than a later revised edition. No page images were collated. Recorded as unverified rather than presented as established. SERVED TEXT DIFFERS FROM THE CITED FILE AT ONE VERSE, 37:97: the file reads "red-hotfire" (a glued token, also in Gutenberg #16955); the served row reads "red-hot fire", restored 2026-09-13 from Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran (London: George Allen & Unwin, printed for Alfred A. Knopf; 1930), p. 460, XXXVII 97 - scan archive.org in.ernet.dli.2015.216140, PDF page 475; banked data/derivation-sources/pickthall-1930-dli-2015.216140-text.pdf (sha256 70e81146c97fa3a590243a82e04e349108546074787e2551a78c616202138870) on Anwar Malik's grant.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is not stated by the redistributor and the printing is unverified. No statement of purpose is recorded for Palmer because none was sourced from his own preface in this pass; nothing is asserted on his behalf.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. TWO edition caveats. (1) The upstream is not stated by the redistributor. (2) Rodwell's own edition PRESENTS THE SURAHS IN HIS OWN CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER, not the mushaf order — he says so in his preface. This digital text is keyed to mushaf order, so it derives from a restored-order printing (such as the Everyman edition) rather than from Rodwell's own arrangement. Which printing is not stated and has not been established.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is NOT STATED by the redistributor, so the printing it represents is unverified; Sale's text was reprinted and re-edited many times between 1734 and 1900. Recorded as unverified rather than assumed to be the first edition.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.
CLEARED. Parallel edition, held in ayah_text_variants. It sits alongside the Uthmani spine for search normalisation and is never used to correct it.