Marked words appear in this translation and in no other English translation of this verse. Common small words and older spellings are not marked. The marks show where the wording differs, not where the meaning does.
Talal Itani· published 2012
And strive for God, with the striving due to Him. He has chosen you, and has not burdened you in religion-the faith of your father Abraham. It is he who named you Muslims before, and in this. So that the Messenger may be a witness over you, and you may be witnesses over the people. So prayregularly, and give regularcharity, and cleave to God. He is your Protector. What an excellent Protector, and what an excellent Helper.
Translation Talal Itani, ClearQuran·Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1875–1936 · published 1930
And strive for Allah with the endeavour which is His right. He hath chosen you and hath not laid upon you in religion any hardship; the faith of your father Abraham (is yours). He hath named you Muslims of oldtime and in this (Scripture), that the messenger may be a witness against you, and that ye may be witnesses against mankind. So establishworship, pay the poor-due, and hold fast to Allah. He is your Protectingfriend. A blessedPatron and a blessed Helper
Sources
Translation Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran·Public domain — copyright term expired
Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran·1930 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work
·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026
Edward Henry Palmer1840–1882 · published 1880
and fight strenuously for God, as is His due. He has elected you, and has not put upon you any hindrance by your religion,- the faith of your father Abraham. He has named you Muslims before and in this (book), that the Apostle may be a witness against you, and that ye may be witnesses against men. Be ye then steadfast in prayer, and give alms, and hold fast by God; He is your sovereign, and an excellent sovereign, and an excellent help
Sources
Translation Edward Henry Palmer, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
And do valiantly in the cause of God as it behoveth you to do for Him. He hath elected you, and hath not laid on you any hardship in religion, the Faith of your father Abraham. He hath named you the Muslims Heretofore and in this Book, that the Apostles may be a witness against you, and that ye may be witnesses against the rest of mankind. Therefore observe prayer, and pay the legalimpost, and cleave fast to God. He is your liegeLord - a goodlyLord, and a goodly Helper
Sources
Translation John Medows Rodwell, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
And fight in defence of God'strue religion, as it behoveth you to fight for the same. He hath chosen you, and hath not imposed on you any difficulty in the religion which He hath given you, the religion of your father Abraham: He hath named you Moslems heretofore, and in this book; that our apostle may be a witness against you at the day of judgment, and that ye may be witnesses against the rest of mankind. Wherefore be ye constant at prayer; and give alms: And adherefirmly unto God. He is your master; and He is the bestmaster, and the best protector
Sources
Translation George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an·1734 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work
·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026
Other languages (18)Shqip · Albanian
Dhe luftoni në rrugën e Allahut ashtu si duhet luftuar! Ai ju ka zgjedhur ju dhe nuk ju ka vënë ndonjë vështirësi në fe - besimin e babait tuaj, Ibrahimit. Ai ju quajti muslimanë më parë, e edhe në këtë (Kuran), në mënyrë që i Dërguari të jetë dëshmitar mbi ju dhe ju të jeni dëshmitarë mbi njerëzimin. Prandaj, faleni namazin, jepeni zekatin dhe mbështetjuni Allahut, se Ai është Mbrojtësi juaj! Sa Mbrojtës dhe Ndihmës i shkëlqyer që është Ai!
Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5
বাংলা · Bengali
আর তোমরা আল্লাহর পথে (তাঁর সন্তুষ্টির জন্য নির্ভেজাল) জিহাদ করো যেভাবে জিহাদ করা উচিত। তিনি তোমাদেরকে মনোনীত করেছেন এবং দীনের ব্যাপারে তিনি তোমাদের ওপর কোনো কঠোরতা আরোপ করেননি। এটা (এ সহজ ধর্মটি) তোমাদের পিতা ইবরাহীমের দীন। আল্লাহ তোমাদের নাম রেখেছেন ‘মুসলিম’ পূর্ববর্তী কিতাবসমূহে এবং এ কিতাবেও (আলকুরআনেও)।(৩০) যাতে রাসূল তোমাদের জন্য সাক্ষী হয়, আর তোমরা মানুষের জন্য সাক্ষী হও। অতএব তোমরা (পরিপূর্ণভাবে) সালাত কায়িম করো, যাকাত দাও এবং আল্লাহকে মজবুতভাবে ধরো। তিনিই তোমাদের অভিভাবক। আর তিনি কতই না উত্তম অভিভাবক এবং কতই না উত্তম সাহায্যকারী!
Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Dawah Association in Rabwah, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.2
Bosanski · Bosnian
I borite se, Allaha radi, onako kako se treba boriti! On vas je izabrao i u vjeri vam nije ništa teško propisao, u vjeri pretka vašeg Ibrahima. Allah vas je odavno muslimanima nazvao, i u ovom Kur’anu, da bi Poslanik bio svjedok protiv vas i da biste vi bili svjedoci protiv ostalih ljudi. Zato, namaz obavljajte i zekat dajte i u Allaha se pouzdajte. On je Gospodar vaš, i to kakav Gospodar i kakav zaštitnik!
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 2.0.4
Hrvatski · Croatian
I borite se, Allaha radi, onako kako se treba boriti! On vas je izabrao i u vjeri vam nije ništa teško propisao, u vjeri pretka vašeg Abrahama. Allah vas je odavno muslimanima nazvao, i u ovom Kuranu, da bi Poslanik bio svjedok protiv vas i da biste vi bili svjedoci protiv ostalih ljudi. Zato, molitvu obavljajte i milostinju dajte i u Allaha se pouzdajte. On je Gospodar vaš, i to kakav Gospodar i kakav zaštitnik!
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1
Fulfulde · Fulani
Mbaɗee Jihaadi fii Alla no Jihaadi haaniri non, Kaŋko OSuɓiima on o mbaɗanaani on ɓitteende ka nder diina, diina baaba mooɗon Ibraahiima ko Kaŋko inni on juulɓe ko adii [ndee Alqur'aanaare] e nder mayre kadi, fii yo Nulaaɗo on laato seedo e hoore-mo'on onon kadi ngonon seeditoytooɓe e hoore yimɓe ɓe. Ñiiɓnee e Juulde nden totton askal on njogitee Alla, ko Kaŋko woni Giɗo mooɗon moƴƴii giɗo moƴƴii balloowo on.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
ქართული · Georgian
და იღვაწეთ ალლაჰის გზაზე ისეთი გულმოდგინებით, როგორსაც ის იმსახურებს! მან [ალლაჰმა] აგირჩიათ თქვენ (რათა მისი სიტყვა და მისი სარწმუნოება სხვა ადამიანებამდე მიიტანოთ) და სარწმუნოებაში არ დაგაკისრათ არავითარი სიძნელე. (მიჰყევით) თქვენი მამის, იბრაჰიმის სარწმუნოებას. მან [ალლაჰმა] გიწოდათ თქვენ მუსლიმები უწინაც [წინა ზეციურ წიგნებში] და ამ წიგნშიც [ყურანში], რათა შუამავალი იყოს მოწმე თქვენზე, ხოლო თქვენ იყოთ მოწმეები ადამიანებზე [წინა თემებზე], რომ მათმა შუამავლებმა მათთანაც მიიტანეს ის, რაც ალლაჰმა გაცნობათ თავის წიგნში. მაშ, აღასრულეთ ლოცვა, გაიღეთ ზაქათი და მტკიცედ ჩაეჭიდეთ ალლაჰს [დაიცავით მისი რელიგია]! იგია თქვენი მფარველი ურწმუნოების წინააღმდეგ ბრძოლაში. და რა მშვენიერი მფარველია იგი!
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.7
Deutsch · German
Und müht euch für Allah ab, wie das wahre Sichabmühen (auch sein sollte). Er hat euch erwählt und euch in der Religion keine Bedrängnis auferlegt, der Glaubensrichtung eures Vaters Ibrahim: Er hat euch Muslime genannt, zuvor und (nunmehr) in diesem (Quran), damit der Gesandte Zeuge über euch sei und ihr Zeugen über die Menschen seid. So verrichtet das Gebet, entrichtet die Pflichtabgabe und haltet an Allah fest. Er ist euer Schutzherr. Wie trefflich ist doch der Schutzherr, und wie trefflich ist der Unterstützer!
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.15
Ελληνικά · Greek
Και αγωνιστείτε στο δρόμο του Αλλάχ όπως πρέπει (με όλη τη δύναμή σας). Αυτός είναι που σας επέλεξε (για τη θρησκεία Του και σας καθοδήγησε). Δε στένεψε σε σας τη θρησκεία (ούτε επέβαλε σε σας δυσκολίες). Είναι η (ίδια) θρησκεία του πατέρα σας, Αβραάμ. (Ο Αλλάχ) είναι Αυτός που σας ονόμασε Μουσουλμάνους από πριν (το Κορ’άν) και σ' αυτό (το Κορ’άν). Για να είναι ο Αγγελιαφόρος μάρτυρας σε σας (την Ημέρα της Κρίσεως ότι μετάδωσε σε σας το Μήνυμα του Αλλάχ), και εσείς να είστε μάρτυρες στους ανθρώπους (ότι οι Αγγελιαφόροι τους, μετέδωσαν σ' αυτούς το Μήνυμα του Αλλάχ). Τελέστε λοιπόν την προσευχή, δώστε τη Ζακά (ετήσια υποχρεωτική ελεημοσύνη) και εμπιστευτείτε τον Αλλάχ. Αυτός είναι ο Κηδεμόνας σας, και είναι ο Καλύτερος Κηδεμόνας, και είναι ο Καλύτερος Υποστηρικτής!
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
हिन्दी · Hindi
तथा अल्लाह के मार्ग में जिहाद करो, जैसा कि उसके जिहाद का हक़[38] है। उसी ने तुम्हें चुना है। और धर्म के मामले में तुमपर कोई तंगी नहीं रखी। यह तुम्हारे पिता इबराहीम का धर्म है। उसी ने इस (क़ुरआन) से पहले तथा इसमें भी तुम्हारा नाम मुसलमान रखा है। ताकि रसूल तुमपर गवाह हों और तुम सब लोगों पर गवाह[39] बनो। अतः नमाज़ क़ायम करो तथा ज़कात दो और अल्लाह को मज़बूती से पकड़[40] लो। वही तुम्हारा संरक्षक है। तो वह क्या ही अच्छा संरक्षक तथा क्या ही अच्छा सहायक है।
Translated by Azizul Haq Al-Omari
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.5
Italiano · Italian
e lottate per la causa di Allāh, come è dovuto. Lui vi ha prescelti e non vi ha imposto nella religione nessuna difficoltà, la religione di vostro padre Ibrāhīm: è lui che vi chiamò “musulmani” in precedenza, e in ciò il Messaggero sarà vostro testimone, e voi sarete testimoni per la gente. Praticate la preghiera con devozione e osservate la ‘Zekēt’ ﴿فَأَقِيمُوا الصَّلَاةَ وَآَتُوا الزَّكَاةَ﴾ e affidatevi sempre ad Allāh: Lui è il vostro protettore: che eccellente protettore e che eccellente Sostenitore!
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
Lietuvių · Lithuanian
78. Ir stipriai stenkitės Vardan Allaho taip, kaip jūs privalote stengtis (nuoširdžiai ir iš visų pastangų, kad Jo Vardas būtų aukščiausias). Jis pasirinko jus (perduoti Savo Žinią apie islamiškąjį monoteizmą žmonijai, kviečiant juos į Jo religiją – islamą) ir nesuteikė jums religijoje jokio sunkumo - tai jūsų tėvo Ibrahimo (Abraomo) religija (islamiškasis monoteizmas). Tai Jis (Allahas), Kuris pavadino jus musulmonais tiek prieš tai, tiek šiame (Korane), kad Pasiuntinys (Muchammedas ﷺ) galėtų liudyti jums, o jūs būtumėte žmonių liudininkai! Taigi atlikite As-Salat (Ikamat-as-Salat), duokite Zakat ir tvirtai laikykitės Allaho [t. y. pasitikėkite Allahu ir pasikliaukite Juo visuose savo reikaluose]. Jis yra jūsų Maula (Globėjas, Viešpats), koks Puikus Maula (Globėjas, Viešpats) ir koks Puikus Pagalbininkas!
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.0
Русский · Russian
И усердствуйте ради Аллаха должным образом. Он избрал вас и не сделал для вас в религии никакого затруднения — вероучение вашего праотца Ибрахима. Он нарёк вас мусульманами прежде и в этом [Коране], чтобы Посланник был свидетелем над вами, а вы были свидетелями над людьми. Так выстаивайте же молитву, выплачивайте закят и держитесь за Аллаха; Он — ваш покровитель. Как прекрасен Покровитель и как прекрасен Помощник!
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1
Српски · Serbian
И борите се, ради Аллаха, истински, онако како треба да се бори! Он вас је изабрао и у вери вам није ништа тешко прописао, у вери вашег претка Аврама. Аллах вас је одавно назвао муслиманима, и у овом Кур'ану, да би Посланик био сведок против вас, и да бисте ви били сведоци против осталих људи. Зато, обављајте молитву и дајте обавезну милостињу и Аллаха се чврсто држите. Он је Господар ваш, и то какав Господар и какав заштитник!
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4
Kiswahili · Swahili
Na fanyeni juhudi kwa ajili ya Mwenyezi Mungu kama inavyostahiki kumfanyia juhudi. Yeye amewateua. Wala hakuweka juu yenu mambo mazito katika Dini. Nayo ni mila ya baba yenu Ibrahim. Yeye (Mwenyezi Mungu) aliwaita Waislamu tangu zamani, na katika hii (Qur'ani) pia, ili awe Mtume shahidi juu yenu, na nyinyi muwe mashahidi kwa watu. Basi shikeni Swala na toeni Zaka na shikamaneni na Mwenyezi Mungu. Yeye ndiye mlinzi wenu. Ni mlinzi mzuri kabisa, na msaidizi bora kabisa.
Issued by the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5
Svenska · Swedish
Och sträva för Guds sak med den sanna hängivenhet han förtjänar! Han har valt ut er och inte gjort regelverket betungande för er. Detta är er fader Abrahams ursprungliga tro. Det var [Gud] som gav er namnet muslimer i tidigare [skrifter] liksom i denna [skrift], för att sändebudet ska vara ett vittne över er och ni ska vara vittnen över människorna. Förrätta så bönen och skänk den obligatoriska allmosan och håll fast vid Gud; han är er Skyddsherre – vilken förträfflig Skyddsherre och utmärkt Hjälpare!
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
Türkçe · Turkish
Allah uğrunda hakkıyla cihad edin. O, sizi seçti, dinde üzerinize bir zorluk yüklemedi. (Bu) Babanız İbrahim’in dinidir. Allah, bundan önce ve bunda (Kur’an’da) size "Müslüman" ismini vermiştir. (Hesap günü) Rasûl size şahit olsun, siz de insanlığa şahit olun diye. Öyleyse namazı ikame edin, zekâtı verin, Allah’a sımsıkı bağlanın. O, ne güzel mevlâ ve ne güzel yardımcıdır!
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4
اردو · Urdu
اور اللہ کی راه میں ویسا ہی جہاد کرو جیسا جہاد کا حق ہے[1] ۔ اسی نے تمہیں برگزیده بنایا ہے اور تم پر دین کے بارے میں کوئی تنگی نہیں ڈالی[2]، دین اپنے باپ ابراہیم[3] (علیہ السلام) کا قائم رکھو، اسی اللہ[4] نے تمہارا نام مسلمان رکھا ہے۔ اس قرآن سے پہلے اور اس میں بھی تاکہ پیغمبر تم پر گواه ہو جائے اور تم تمام لوگوں کے گواه بن جاؤ[5]۔ پس تمہیں چاہئے کہ نمازیں قائم رکھو اور زکوٰة ادا کرتے رہو اور اللہ کو مضبوط تھام لو، وہی تمہارا ولی اور مالک ہے۔ پس کیا ہی اچھا مالک ہے اور کتنا ہی بہتر مددگار ہے.
Translated by Muhammad Ibrahim Junagarhi, developed under the supervision of the Rowwad Translation Center. The original translation is available for the purpose of expressing opinion, evaluation, and continuous development.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.3
About these translations
5 cleared translations, newest first, by year of publication, so the modern English comes before the historical ones. That is an ordering by date, not a judgement. Each is shown complete — this platform never excerpts a translation — and each renders under its translator's name. No translation here is marked as the correct one.
Which translations appear here is set by copyright: they are the ones whose rights could be documented and cleared. The selection is not a judgement that these are the best.
About easy-read
Easy-read
Easy-read is a simplified pronunciation,
not authoritative — a rule-by-rule romanisation, not a reading.
Each verse ends in its pause form, as it is said when you stop there. Pauses inside a verse and other tajwid rules are not shown. It is derived from the Tanzil
Simple edition, while the Arabic above is the
Uthmani edition; both are cleared, but they are not the
same edition and their orthography differs.
Talal Itani2012 O you who believe! Kneel, and prostrate, and worship your Lord, and do good deeds, so that you may succeed.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 O ye who believe! Bow down and prostrate yourselves, and worship your Lord, and do good, that haply ye may prosper
Edward Henry Palmer1880 O ye who believe! bow down and adore, and serve your Lord, and do well, haply ye may prosper
John Medows Rodwell1861 Believers! bow down and prostrate yourselves and worship your Lord, and work righteousness that you may fare well
George Sale1734 O true believers, bow down, and prostrate your selves, and worship your Lord; and work righteousness, that ye may be happy
These figures count the words the translations share. They measure wording, not meaning, and they do not say which translation is right.
Derived measure: mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the
lowercased word sets of the 5 renderings above —
0.62 on a scale
where 0 means identical wording and 1 means no shared words. It is
computed, not judged.
The page says a verse is worded differently only above the cut below. The cut is a stated convention, not a property of the text, and it can be changed.
The cut
0.644
Share of measured verses above it
33%
Verses above it
2,079
Verses measured
6,236
Talal Itani · George Sale0.69
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · George Sale0.68
Talal Itani · John Medows Rodwell0.63
Edward Henry Palmer · George Sale0.61
Edward Henry Palmer · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall0.61
Talal Itani · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall0.60
Talal Itani · Edward Henry Palmer0.59
Edward Henry Palmer · John Medows Rodwell0.59
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · John Medows Rodwell0.58
John Medows Rodwell · George Sale0.57
One bar per pair of renderings, longest bar for the pair
sharing fewest words. Every pair is shown; none is singled out.
Method Wording differences — derived 13 September 2026
Method
Mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the lowercased word sets of the cleared translations of each verse. A verse is marked as worded differently when its score falls in the top third of the corpus — the cut set out in Analysis details.
As at
13 September 2026, 10:56 UTC
Gate
verify/divergence_gate.py re-derives and fails on drift
The platform does not say which is right, and does not
characterise what the difference means. The renderings are placed
together so the difference is visible; reading it is the reader's work.
7 sources
stand behind this page. Each is listed once, in the order the page first
cites it, with the licence it was cleared under and what was actually read.
Nothing on this page rests on a source that is not here.
Source Tanzil Qur'an text (Uthmani) · Uthmani, Version 1.1
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.
CLEARED. Licence read verbatim from the block embedded in this very file. Ingested exactly as shipped: no normalisation, no stripping of marks, no Unicode recomposition.
Parsed structurally from the EPUB: an h3 names the surah, one p per verse with its number in its own span. An unnumbered p is the basmala and is not a verse, except in surah 1 where the basmala IS verse 1. 112 unnumbered paragraphs were found, which is 114 surahs less surah 1 and surah 9. Text is stored VERBATIM: NFC normalisation and XML entity unescaping only, because CC BY-ND forbids modification.
CLEARED on a licence read first-hand from the translator's own download page, not from an aggregator. Tanzil also hosts this translation, but under a blanket "non-commercial purposes only" term that directs the user to the translator or publisher for permission - a hosting disclaimer, not a grant - so the grant was taken from the licensor directly. The "God" edition was ingested; ClearQuran also publishes an "Allah" edition, differing in how the divine name is rendered, which is not ingested.
CLEARED ON THE WORK, WITH TWO RECORDED CAVEATS ON THIS COPY. (1) Rights basis is the expired copyright term, NOT the redistributing repository's licence. That repository dedicates its contents to the public domain under the Unlicense while also redistributing plainly in-copyright translations (Abdel Haleem, Saheeh International, The Study Quran), so it is dedicating rights it cannot hold and its blanket grant is not relied upon here. (2) The file declares its own upstream as tanzil.net, and Tanzil attaches a non-commercial condition to its TRANSLATION distributions, though not to its Qur'anic text. Since Pickthall's copyright has expired, nobody holds rights in these words and no licence is required from anyone; Tanzil's terms are a contract binding those who download from Tanzil, which we did not. The chain is nonetheless not spotless and Anwar may prefer a clean digitisation of the 1930 printing. NOT VERIFIED: that this digital text matches the 1930 first printing rather than a later revised edition. No page images were collated. Recorded as unverified rather than presented as established. SERVED TEXT DIFFERS FROM THE CITED FILE AT ONE VERSE, 37:97: the file reads "red-hotfire" (a glued token, also in Gutenberg #16955); the served row reads "red-hot fire", restored 2026-09-13 from Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran (London: George Allen & Unwin, printed for Alfred A. Knopf; 1930), p. 460, XXXVII 97 - scan archive.org in.ernet.dli.2015.216140, PDF page 475; banked data/derivation-sources/pickthall-1930-dli-2015.216140-text.pdf (sha256 70e81146c97fa3a590243a82e04e349108546074787e2551a78c616202138870) on Anwar Malik's grant.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is not stated by the redistributor and the printing is unverified. No statement of purpose is recorded for Palmer because none was sourced from his own preface in this pass; nothing is asserted on his behalf.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. TWO edition caveats. (1) The upstream is not stated by the redistributor. (2) Rodwell's own edition PRESENTS THE SURAHS IN HIS OWN CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER, not the mushaf order — he says so in his preface. This digital text is keyed to mushaf order, so it derives from a restored-order printing (such as the Everyman edition) rather than from Rodwell's own arrangement. Which printing is not stated and has not been established.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is NOT STATED by the redistributor, so the printing it represents is unverified; Sale's text was reprinted and re-edited many times between 1734 and 1900. Recorded as unverified rather than assumed to be the first edition.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.
CLEARED. Parallel edition, held in ayah_text_variants. It sits alongside the Uthmani spine for search normalisation and is never used to correct it.