Marked words appear in this translation and in no other English translation of this verse. Common small words and older spellings are not marked. The marks show where the wording differs, not where the meaning does.
Talal Itani· published 2012
And hold fast to the rope of God, altogether, and do not becomedivided. And remember God's blessings upon you; how you were enemies, and He reconciled your hearts, and by His grace you became brethren. And you were on the brink of a pit of fire, and He saved you from it. God thus clarifies His revelations for you, so that you may be guided.
Translation Talal Itani, ClearQuran·Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1875–1936 · published 1930
And hold fast, all of you together, to the cable of Allah, and do not separate. And remember Allah's favour unto you: How ye were enemies and He made friendship between your hearts so that ye became as brothers by His grace; and (how) ye were upon the brink of an abyss of fire, and He did save you from it. Thus Allahmakethclear His revelations unto you, that haply ye may be guided
Sources
Translation Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran·Public domain — copyright term expired
Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran·1930 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work
·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026
Edward Henry Palmer1840–1882 · published 1880
Taketight hold of God's rope altogether, and do not part in sects; but remember the favours of God towards you, when ye were enemies and He made friendship between your hearts, and on the morrow ye were, by His favour, brothers. Ye were on the edge of a pit of fire, but he rescued you therefrom. Thus does God show to you His signs, perchance ye may be guided
Sources
Translation Edward Henry Palmer, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
And hold ye fast by the cord of God, all of you, and break not loose from it; and remember God's goodness towards you, how that when ye were enemies, He united your hearts, and by his favour ye became brethren; And when ye were on the brink of the pit of fire, he drew you back from it. Thus God clearlysheweth you his signs that ye may be guided
Sources
Translation John Medows Rodwell, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
And cleave all of you unto the covenant of God, and depart not from it, and remember the favour of God towards you: Since ye were enemies, and he reconciled your hearts, and ye became companions and brethren by his favour: And ye were on the brink of a pit of fire, and he delivered you thence. Thus God declareth unto you his signs, that ye may be directed
Sources
Translation George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an·1734 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work
·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026
Other languages (18)Shqip · Albanian
Mbahuni fort pas litarit të Allahut që të gjithë e mos u përçani! Kujtojeni dhuntinë e Allahut mbi ju kur ju ishit armiq e Ai i pajtoi zemrat tuaja dhe falë mirësisë së Tij u bëtë vëllezër. Ju ishit buzë humnerës së Zjarrit e Ai ju shpëtoi prej saj. Kështu jua sqaron Allahu ajetet e Veta, që të udhëzoheni në rrugën e drejtë.
Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5
বাংলা · Bengali
তোমরা সবাই আল্লাহর রশি (আল-কুরআন ও বিশুদ্ধ
সুন্নাহকে) দৃঢ়ভাবে আঁকড়ে ধরো এবং পরস্পর বিচ্ছিন্ন হয়ো না। আর তোমাদের প্রতি আল্লাহর অনুগ্রহ স্মরণ করো, যখন তোমরা ছিলে পরস্পর শত্রু। অতঃপর তিনি তোমাদের হৃদয়ে প্রীতির সঞ্চার করলেন, ফলে তাঁর অনুগ্রহে তোমরা পরস্পর ভাই হয়ে গেলে। তোমরা তো জাহান্নামের দ্বারপ্রান্তে ছিলে। তিনি তোমাদেরকে তা থেকে রক্ষা করেছেন। এভাবেই আল্লাহ তোমাদেরজন্যে তাঁর আয়াতসমূহ সুস্পষ্টভাবে বর্ণনা করেন, যাতে তোমরা হিদায়াতের পথে পরিচালিত হও।
Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Dawah Association in Rabwah, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.2
Bosanski · Bosnian
Svi se čvrsto držite za Allahovo uže i ne razjedinjujte se! I sjetite se blagodati Allahove prema vama, kada ste jedni drugima bili neprijatelji, pa je On sjedinio srca vaša i postali ste, Njegovom milošću, braća! I bili ste na ivici vatrene jame, pa vas je On od nje spasio. Tako vam Allah objašnjava ajete i znakove Svoje da biste se ispravnim putem uputili.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 2.0.4
Hrvatski · Croatian
Svi se čvrsto držite za Allahovo uže i ne razjedinjujte se! I sjetite se blagodati Allahove prema vama, kada ste bili neprijatelji, pa je On sjedinio srca vaša i postali ste, Njegovom milošću, braća! I bili ste na ivici vatrene jame, pa vas je On od nje spasio. Tako vam Allah objašnjava ajete i znakove Svoje da biste se ispravnim putem uputili.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1
Fulfulde · Fulani
Jogitee ɓoggol Alla ngol on denndaangal, wata on certu. Jaŋtoɗon dokkeAlla on e dow mooɗon nde laatinoɗon ayruɓe, O Woowindiri hakkunde ɓerɗe mon ɗen woŋtirɗon e dokke Makko koo on musiɗɓe; on laatioke e tonndu ngayka yiite, O Daɗndi on e magge. ko wano nii Alla Ɓannginiraŋta on Aayeeje Makko ɗen, bela jo'o, on feeway.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
ქართული · Georgian
და ყველანი ერთად მტკიცედ ჩაეჭიდეთ ალლაჰის თოკს[1] და ნუ გაიყოფით. და გაიხსენეთ ალლაჰის წყალობა, რომელიც მან თქვენზე მოიღო: როდესაც ოდესღაც [ისლამის მიღებამდე] თქვენ (ო, ავსისა და ხაზრაჯის ტომების ანსარებო) ერთმანეთის მტრები იყავით, მან თქვენი გულები ერთმანეთთან დააახლოვა (ალლაჰის სიყვარულზე დაფუძნებული სიყვარულით) და მისი წყალობით ძმები გახდით [ერთმანეთი ალლაჰის კმაყოფილების გამო შეიყვარეთ]. თქვენ ცეცხლის [ჯოჯოხეთის] უფსკრულის პირას იყავით, და მან (რწმენა მოგანიჭათ და) გადაგარჩინათ მისგან [ჯოჯოხეთისგან]. ასე გიხსნით ალლაჰი თავის აიათებს, რათა სწორ გზას დაადგეთ.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.7
Deutsch · German
Und haltet alle fest am Seil Allahs und geht nicht auseinander! Und gedenkt der Gunstgabe Allahs an euch, als ihr Feinde wart und Er dann eure Herzen zusammenführte, worauf ihr durch Seine Gunstgabe Brüder wurdet. Und (gedenkt, als) ihr am Rand einer Feuergrube wart und Er euch dann davor errettete. Auf diese Weise macht Allah euch Seine Zeichen klar, auf dass ihr rechtgeleitet werden möget!
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.15
Ελληνικά · Greek
Και κρατηθείτε όλοι μαζί γερά στο σχοινί του Αλλάχ (το Βιβλίο Του και τη Σούννα -παράδοση- του Προφήτη) και μην διαιρεθείτε. Και να θυμηθείτε την εύνοια του Αλλάχ σ' εσάς όταν ήσασταν εχθροί (μεταξύ σας, πριν το Ισλάμ) και συμφιλίωσε τις καρδιές σας, και έτσι, γίνατε αδέρφια με τη χάρη Του. Και ήσασταν (άπιστοι) στο χείλος ενός λάκκου από τη Φωτιά (της Κολάσεως) και σας έσωσε απ' αυτό (με το Ισλάμ). Έτσι ο Αλλάχ σάς διευκρινίζει τα Εδάφιά Του, μήπως και καθοδηγηθείτε.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
हिन्दी · Hindi
तथा अल्लाह की रस्सी[55] को सब मिलकर मज़बूती से पकड़ लो और विभेद में न पड़ो तथा अपने ऊपर अल्लाह की नेमत को याद करो कि तुम एक-दूसरे के शत्रु थे, फिर उसने तुम्हारे दिलों को जोड़ दिया और तुम उसकी कृपा से भाई-भाई हो गए। तथा तुम आग के गड्ढे के किनारे खड़े थे, तो उसने तुम्हें उससे बचा लिया। इसी प्रकार अल्लाह तुम्हारे लिए अपनी आयतों को खोल-खोलकर बयान करता है, ताकि तुम मार्गदर्शन पा जाओ।
Translated by Azizul Haq Al-Omari
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.5
Italiano · Italian
E aggrappatevi tutti fortemente alla fede di Allāh! E non vi dividete, e ricordatevi la grazia di Allāh su di voi: eravate nemici e Lui riunì i vostri cuori, e diveniste, per Sua grazia, fratelli. Ed eravate sull’orlo di un precipizio di fuoco e vi salvò; così Allāh chiarisce i Suoi segni, affinché troviate la retta via.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
Lietuvių · Lithuanian
103. Ir tvirtai laikykitės, visi jūs kartu, Allaho Virvės (t. y. šio Korano) ir nesiskirstykite [10] tarp savęs, ir prisiminkite Allaho Malonę jums, nes jūs buvote vienas kitam priešais, bet Jis suvienijo jūsų širdis tam, kad, per Jo Malonę, jūs taptumėte broliais (islamo religijoje). Ir jūs buvote ant Ugnies duobės krašto ir Jis išgelbėjo jus nuo to. Taigi Allahas padaro Savo Ajat (įrodymus, įkalčius, eilutes, pamokas, ženklus, apreiškimus ir t. t.) aiškiais jums, kad jūs būtumėte teisingai vedami.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.0
Русский · Russian
И держитесь за вервь Аллаха все вместе, и не разделяйтесь. И помните милость Аллаха к вам: когда вы были врагами, Он сплотил ваши сердца, и вы, по Его милости, стали братьями. Вы были на краю огненной ямы, а Он спас вас от неё. Так Аллах разъясняет вам Свои знамения, быть может, вы последуете верным путём.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1
Српски · Serbian
Сви се чврсто држите за Аллахово уже и не разједињујте се! И сетите се благодати Аллахове према вама, када сте били непријатељи, па је Он ујединио ваша срца и постали сте, Његовом милошћу, браћа! И били сте на ивици ватрене јаме, па вас је Он спасио од ње. Тако вам Аллах објашњава речи и доказе Своје да бисте се исправним путем упутили.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4
Kiswahili · Swahili
Na shikamaneni kwa Kamba ya Mwenyezi Mungu nyote pamoja, wala msitengane. Na ikumbukeni neema ya Mwenyezi Mungu juu yenu: Mlipokuwa maadui nyinyi kwa nyinyi, naye akaziunganisha nyoyo zenu; na kwa neema yake mkawa ndugu. Na mlikuwa kwenye ukingo wa shimo la Moto, naye akawaokoa kutokana nao. Hivi ndivyo Mwenyezi Mungu anavyowabainishia Ishara zake ili mpate kuongoka.
Issued by the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5
Svenska · Swedish
Håll alla fast vid Guds rep och splittras inte! Minns Guds välgärning mot er: ni var fiender, men han förenade era hjärtan, så att ni genom hans nåd blev bröder. Ni stod vid eldens rand, och han räddade er från den. Så klargör Gud sina tecken för er, för att ni ska bli vägledda.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
Türkçe · Turkish
Topluca Allah’ın ipine sımsıkı sarılın ve ayrılığa düşmeyin! Allah’ın üzerinizdeki nimetini düşünün. Hani siz düşman idiniz de O, kalplerinizi birleştirdi. O'nun bu nimeti ile kardeşler oldunuz. Siz, bir ateş çukurunun kenarında idiniz de sizi oradan kurtardı. Doğru yola çıkasınız diye, Allah size ayetlerini işte böyle açıklıyor.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4
اردو · Urdu
اللہ تعالیٰ کی رسی کو سب مل کر مضبوط تھام لو[1] اور پھوٹ نہ ڈالو[2]، اور اللہ تعالیٰ کی اس وقت کی نعمت کو یاد کرو جب تم ایک دوسرے کے دشمن تھے، تو اس نے تمہارے دلوں میں الفت ڈال دی، پس تم اس کی مہربانی سے بھائی بھائی ہوگئے، اور تم آگ کے گڑھے کے کنارے پہنچ چکے تھے تو اس نے تمہیں بچا لیا۔ اللہ تعالیٰ اسی طرح تمہارے لئے اپنی نشانیاں بیان کرتا ہے تاکہ تم ہدایت پاؤ.
Translated by Muhammad Ibrahim Junagarhi, developed under the supervision of the Rowwad Translation Center. The original translation is available for the purpose of expressing opinion, evaluation, and continuous development.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.3
About these translations
5 cleared translations, newest first, by year of publication, so the modern English comes before the historical ones. That is an ordering by date, not a judgement. Each is shown complete — this platform never excerpts a translation — and each renders under its translator's name. No translation here is marked as the correct one.
Which translations appear here is set by copyright: they are the ones whose rights could be documented and cleared. The selection is not a judgement that these are the best.
About easy-read
Easy-read
Easy-read is a simplified pronunciation,
not authoritative — a rule-by-rule romanisation, not a reading.
Each verse ends in its pause form, as it is said when you stop there. Pauses inside a verse and other tajwid rules are not shown. It is derived from the Tanzil
Simple edition, while the Arabic above is the
Uthmani edition; both are cleared, but they are not the
same edition and their orthography differs.
Talal Itani2012 And how could you disbelieve, when God's revelations are being recited to you, and among you is His Messenger? Whoever cleaves to God has been guided to a straight path.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 How can ye disbelieve, when it is ye unto whom Allah's revelations are recited, and His messenger is in your midst? He who holdeth fast to Allah, he indeed is guided unto a right path
Edward Henry Palmer1880 How can ye misbelieve while unto you are recited the signs of God, and among you is His Apostle? But whoso takes tight hold on God, he is guided into the right way
John Medows Rodwell1861 But how can ye become infidels, when the signs of God are recited to you, and his prophet is among you? Whoever holdeth fast by God, is already guided to a straight path
George Sale1734 And how can ye be infidels, when the signs of God are read unto you, and his apostle is among you? But he who cleaveth firmly unto God, is already directed into the right way
Talal Itani2012 O you who believe! Revere God with due reverence, and do not die except as Muslims.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 O ye who believe! Observe your duty to Allah with right observance, and die not save as those who have surrendered (unto Him)
Edward Henry Palmer1880 O ye who believe! fear God with the fear that He deserves, and die not save ye be resigned
John Medows Rodwell1861 O ye believers! fear God as He deserveth to be feared! and die not till ye have become Muslims
George Sale1734 O believers, fear God with his true fear; and die not unless ye also be true believers
Talal Itani2012 And let there be among you a community calling to virtue, and advocating righteousness, and deterring from evil. These are the successful.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 And there may spring from you a nation who invite to goodness, and enjoin right conduct and forbid indecency. Such are they who are successful
Edward Henry Palmer1880 and that there may be of you a nation who shall invite to good, and bid what is reasonable, and forbid what is wrong; these are the prosperous
John Medows Rodwell1861 And that there may be among you a people who invite to the Good, and enjoin the Just, and forbid the Wrong. These are they with whom it shall be well
George Sale1734 Let there be people among you, who invite to the best religion; and command that which is just, and forbid that which is evil; and they shall be happy
Easy-read (simplified)walaa takoonoo kalladheena tafarraqoo wakhtalafoo min ba'di maa jaa'ahumu l-bayyinaatu wa'oolaa'ika lahum 'adhaabun 'azeem
DIN 31635walā takūnū kallaḏīna tafarraqū waḫtalafū min baʿdi mā ǧāʾahumu l-bayyinātu waʾūlāʾika lahum ʿaḏābun ʿaẓīmun
The translators word this verse differently
Talal Itani2012 And do not be like those who separated and disputed after the clear proofs came to them; for them is a great punishment.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 And be ye not as those who separated and disputed after the clear proofs had come unto them. For such there is an awful doom
Edward Henry Palmer1880 Be not like those who parted in sects and disagreed after there came to them manifest signs; for them is mighty woe
John Medows Rodwell1861 And be ye not like those who have formed divisions, and fallen to variance after the clear proofs have come to them. These! a terrible chastisement doth await them
George Sale1734 And be not as they who are divided, and disagree in matters of religion, after manifest proofs have been brought unto them: They shall suffer a great torment
These figures count the words the translations share. They measure wording, not meaning, and they do not say which translation is right.
Derived measure: mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the
lowercased word sets of the 5 renderings above —
0.57 on a scale
where 0 means identical wording and 1 means no shared words. It is
computed, not judged.
The page says a verse is worded differently only above the cut below. The cut is a stated convention, not a property of the text, and it can be changed.
The cut
0.644
Share of measured verses above it
33%
Verses above it
2,079
Verses measured
6,236
Edward Henry Palmer · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall0.65
Edward Henry Palmer · George Sale0.64
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · George Sale0.63
Talal Itani · Edward Henry Palmer0.60
Edward Henry Palmer · John Medows Rodwell0.59
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · John Medows Rodwell0.59
Talal Itani · George Sale0.55
Talal Itani · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall0.53
Talal Itani · John Medows Rodwell0.50
John Medows Rodwell · George Sale0.47
One bar per pair of renderings, longest bar for the pair
sharing fewest words. Every pair is shown; none is singled out.
Method Wording differences — derived 13 September 2026
Method
Mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the lowercased word sets of the cleared translations of each verse. A verse is marked as worded differently when its score falls in the top third of the corpus — the cut set out in Analysis details.
As at
13 September 2026, 10:56 UTC
Gate
verify/divergence_gate.py re-derives and fails on drift
The platform does not say which is right, and does not
characterise what the difference means. The renderings are placed
together so the difference is visible; reading it is the reader's work.
7 sources
stand behind this page. Each is listed once, in the order the page first
cites it, with the licence it was cleared under and what was actually read.
Nothing on this page rests on a source that is not here.
Source Tanzil Qur'an text (Uthmani) · Uthmani, Version 1.1
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.
CLEARED. Licence read verbatim from the block embedded in this very file. Ingested exactly as shipped: no normalisation, no stripping of marks, no Unicode recomposition.
Parsed structurally from the EPUB: an h3 names the surah, one p per verse with its number in its own span. An unnumbered p is the basmala and is not a verse, except in surah 1 where the basmala IS verse 1. 112 unnumbered paragraphs were found, which is 114 surahs less surah 1 and surah 9. Text is stored VERBATIM: NFC normalisation and XML entity unescaping only, because CC BY-ND forbids modification.
CLEARED on a licence read first-hand from the translator's own download page, not from an aggregator. Tanzil also hosts this translation, but under a blanket "non-commercial purposes only" term that directs the user to the translator or publisher for permission - a hosting disclaimer, not a grant - so the grant was taken from the licensor directly. The "God" edition was ingested; ClearQuran also publishes an "Allah" edition, differing in how the divine name is rendered, which is not ingested.
CLEARED ON THE WORK, WITH TWO RECORDED CAVEATS ON THIS COPY. (1) Rights basis is the expired copyright term, NOT the redistributing repository's licence. That repository dedicates its contents to the public domain under the Unlicense while also redistributing plainly in-copyright translations (Abdel Haleem, Saheeh International, The Study Quran), so it is dedicating rights it cannot hold and its blanket grant is not relied upon here. (2) The file declares its own upstream as tanzil.net, and Tanzil attaches a non-commercial condition to its TRANSLATION distributions, though not to its Qur'anic text. Since Pickthall's copyright has expired, nobody holds rights in these words and no licence is required from anyone; Tanzil's terms are a contract binding those who download from Tanzil, which we did not. The chain is nonetheless not spotless and Anwar may prefer a clean digitisation of the 1930 printing. NOT VERIFIED: that this digital text matches the 1930 first printing rather than a later revised edition. No page images were collated. Recorded as unverified rather than presented as established. SERVED TEXT DIFFERS FROM THE CITED FILE AT ONE VERSE, 37:97: the file reads "red-hotfire" (a glued token, also in Gutenberg #16955); the served row reads "red-hot fire", restored 2026-09-13 from Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran (London: George Allen & Unwin, printed for Alfred A. Knopf; 1930), p. 460, XXXVII 97 - scan archive.org in.ernet.dli.2015.216140, PDF page 475; banked data/derivation-sources/pickthall-1930-dli-2015.216140-text.pdf (sha256 70e81146c97fa3a590243a82e04e349108546074787e2551a78c616202138870) on Anwar Malik's grant.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is not stated by the redistributor and the printing is unverified. No statement of purpose is recorded for Palmer because none was sourced from his own preface in this pass; nothing is asserted on his behalf.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. TWO edition caveats. (1) The upstream is not stated by the redistributor. (2) Rodwell's own edition PRESENTS THE SURAHS IN HIS OWN CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER, not the mushaf order — he says so in his preface. This digital text is keyed to mushaf order, so it derives from a restored-order printing (such as the Everyman edition) rather than from Rodwell's own arrangement. Which printing is not stated and has not been established.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is NOT STATED by the redistributor, so the printing it represents is unverified; Sale's text was reprinted and re-edited many times between 1734 and 1900. Recorded as unverified rather than assumed to be the first edition.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.
CLEARED. Parallel edition, held in ayah_text_variants. It sits alongside the Uthmani spine for search normalisation and is never used to correct it.