Marked words appear in this translation and in no other English translation of this verse. Common small words and older spellings are not marked. The marks show where the wording differs, not where the meaning does.
Talal Itani· published 2012
Abraham was neither a Jew nor a Christian, but he was a Monotheist, a Muslim. And he was not of the Polytheists.
Translation Talal Itani, ClearQuran·Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1875–1936 · published 1930
Abraham was not a Jew, nor yet a Christian; but he was an uprightman who had surrendered (to Allah), and he was not of the idolaters
Sources
Translation Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran·Public domain — copyright term expired
Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran·1930 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work
·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026
Edward Henry Palmer1840–1882 · published 1880
Abraham was not a Jew, nor yet a Christian, but he was a `Hanif resigned, and not of the idolaters
Sources
Translation Edward Henry Palmer, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
Abraham was neither a Jew, nor a Christian; but he was of the truereligion, one resigned unto God, and was not of the number of the idolaters
Sources
Translation George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an·1734 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work
·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026
Other languages (18)Shqip · Albanian
Ibrahimi nuk ka qenë as hebre, as i krishterë, por ka qenë besimtar i drejtë, musliman (i nënshtruar ndaj Allahut) dhe nuk ka qenë idhujtar.
Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5
বাংলা · Bengali
মূলত ইবরাহীম ইয়াহূদীও ছিল না, খৃস্টানও ছিল না; বরং সে ছিল একনিষ্ঠ মুসলিম। আর সে মুশরিকদের অন্তর্ভুক্ত ছিল না।(৩৭)
Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Dawah Association in Rabwah, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.2
Bosanski · Bosnian
Ibrahim nije bio ni židov ni kršćanin, već pravi vjernik, musliman. On višebožac nije bio!
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 2.0.4
Hrvatski · Croatian
Abraham nije bio ni židov ni kršćanin, već pravi vjernik, musliman. On mnogobožac nije bio!
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1
Fulfulde · Fulani
Ibraahiima laatanooki Alyahuuyaŋke wonaana kadi Annasaaraajo, si ko woni, o laatinoke ooñiiɗo [e kala diina] jebbilaniiɗo [Diina Lislaamu], o laatanooki jeyaaɗo e shirkooɓe ɓen.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
ქართული · Georgian
არ იყო იბრაჰიმი არც იუდეველი და არც ქრისტიანი, არამედ იყო ჰანიფი — ერთღმერთიანი, და არ იყო იგი მრავალღმერთიანთაგანი.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.7
Deutsch · German
Ibrahim war weder ein Jude noch ein Christ, sondern er war Anhänger des rechten Glaubens, ein Muslim (der, sich Allah ergeben hat), und er gehörte nicht zu den Götzendienern.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.15
Ελληνικά · Greek
Ο Ιμπραήμ (Αβραάμ) δεν ήταν Εβραίος, ούτε Χριστιανός. Μα ήταν Χανείφαν (απέκλινε από όλα τα μάταια δόγματα, ακολουθώντας την αληθινή πίστη), και ήταν Μουσουλμάνος (υποταγμένος στη Βούληση του Αλλάχ). Και δεν ήταν από τους ειδωλολάτρες.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
हिन्दी · Hindi
इबराहीम न यहूदी थे और न ईसाई, बल्कि वह एकाग्रचित आज्ञाकारी थे। तथा वह बहुदेववादियों में से न थे।
Translated by Azizul Haq Al-Omari
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.5
Italiano · Italian
Ibrāhīm non era ebreo, né nazareno: ma era un monoteista musulmano e non era tra gli idolatri.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
Lietuvių · Lithuanian
67. Ibrahimas (Abraomas) nebuvo nei judėjas, nei krikščionis, tačiau jis buvo tikras musulmonas Hanyfa (islamiškasis monoteizmas – negarbinti nieko kito, tik Allahą Vienintelį) ir jis nebuvo iš Al-Mušrikūn. (žr. aja 2:105).
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.8
Afaan Oromoo · Oromo
Ibraahiim yahuudas kiristaanas hin taane, Garuu inni Muslima qajeelaa ture, Inni mushrikoota irraas hin taane. [16]
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.0
Русский · Russian
Ибрахим не был ни иудеем, ни христианином, но был приверженцем единобожия, покорившимся [Аллаху], и не был из придающих Ему сотоварищей.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1
Српски · Serbian
Аврам није био ни јевреј ни хришћанин, већ прави верник, Аллаху предан. Он није био од оних који другима дају место које само припада Аллаху.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4
Kiswahili · Swahili
Ibrahim hakuwa Myahudi wala Mkristo. Lakini alikuwa mnyoofu, Muislamu, na wala hakuwa katika washirikina.
Issued by the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5
Svenska · Swedish
Abraham var varken jude eller kristen. Han var en muslim och en sann monoteist, och han ägnade sig inte åt avgudadyrkan.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
Türkçe · Turkish
İbrahim bir Yahudi değildi, bir Hıristiyan da değildi. Fakat, hanif (şirkten uzak) bir Müslümandı. Müşriklerden de değildi.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4
اردو · Urdu
ابراہیم تو نہ یہودی تھے نہ نصرانی تھے بلکہ وه تو یک طرفہ (خالص) مسلمان تھے[1] ، وه مشرک بھی نہیں تھے،
Translated by Muhammad Ibrahim Junagarhi, developed under the supervision of the Rowwad Translation Center. The original translation is available for the purpose of expressing opinion, evaluation, and continuous development.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.3
About these translations
5 cleared translations, newest first, by year of publication, so the modern English comes before the historical ones. That is an ordering by date, not a judgement. Each is shown complete — this platform never excerpts a translation — and each renders under its translator's name. No translation here is marked as the correct one.
Which translations appear here is set by copyright: they are the ones whose rights could be documented and cleared. The selection is not a judgement that these are the best.
About easy-read
Easy-read
Easy-read is a simplified pronunciation,
not authoritative — a rule-by-rule romanisation, not a reading.
Each verse ends in its pause form, as it is said when you stop there. Pauses inside a verse and other tajwid rules are not shown. It is derived from the Tanzil
Simple edition, while the Arabic above is the
Uthmani edition; both are cleared, but they are not the
same edition and their orthography differs.
Easy-read (simplified)yaa ahla l-kitaabi lima tuhaajjoona fee ibraaheema wamaa unzilati t-tawraatu wal-'injeelu illaa min ba'dihi afalaa ta'qiloon
DIN 31635yā ʾahla l-kitābi lima tuḥāǧǧūna fī ʾibrāhīma wamā ʾunzilati t-tawrātu wal-ʾinǧīlu ʾillā min baʿdihi ʾafalā taʿqilūna
Talal Itani2012 O People of the Book! Why do you argue about Abraham, when the Torah and the Gospel were not revealed until after him? Will you not reason?
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 O People of the Scripture! Why will ye argue about Abraham, when the Torah and the Gospel were not revealed till after him? Have ye then no sense
Edward Henry Palmer1880 O people of the Book, why do ye dispute about Abraham, when the law and the gospel were not revealed until after him? What! do ye not understand
John Medows Rodwell1861 O people of the Book! Why dispute about Abraham, when the Law and the Evangel were not sent down till after him? Do ye not then understand
George Sale1734 O ye to whom the scriptures have been given, why do ye dispute concerning Abraham, since the law and the gospel were not sent down until after him? Do ye not therefore understand
Talal Itani2012 Here you are-you argue about things you know, but why do you argue about things you do not know? God knows, and you do not know.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 Lo! ye are those who argue about that whereof ye have some knowledge: Why then argue ye concerning that whereof ye have no knowledge? Allah knoweth. Ye know not
Edward Henry Palmer1880 Here ye are, disputing about what ye have some knowledge of; why then do ye dispute about what ye have no knowledge of? God knows and ye know not
John Medows Rodwell1861 Lo! ye are they who dispute about that in which ye have knowledge; but why dispute ye about that of which ye have no knowledge? God hath knowledge, but ye know nothing
George Sale1734 Behold ye are they who dispute concerning that which ye have some knowledge in; why therefore do ye dispute concerning that which ye have no knowledge of? God knoweth, but ye know not
Talal Itani2012 The people most deserving of Abraham are those who followed him, and this prophet, and those who believe. God is the Guardian of the believers.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 Lo! those of mankind who have the best claim to Abraham are those who followed him, and this Prophet and those who believe (with him); and Allah is the Protecting Guardian of the believers
Edward Henry Palmer1880 Verily, the people most worthy of Abraham are those who follow him and his prophets, and those who believe;- God is the patron of the believers
John Medows Rodwell1861 They among men, who are nearest of kin to Abraham, are surely those who follow him, and this prophet Muhammad, and they who believe on him. And God is the protector of the faithful
George Sale1734 Verily the men who are the nearest of kin unto Abraham, are they who follow him; and this prophet, and they who believe on him: God is the patron of the faithful
Easy-read (simplified)waddat taa'ifatun min ahli l-kitaabi law yudilloonakum wamaa yudilloona illaa anfusahum wamaa yash'uroon
DIN 31635waddat ṭāʾifatun min ʾahli l-kitābi law yuḍillūnakum wamā yuḍillūna ʾillā ʾanfusahum wamā yašʿurūna
Talal Itani2012 A party of the People of the Book would love to lead you astray, but they only lead themselves astray, and they do not realize it.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 A party of the People of the Scripture long to make you go astray; and they make none to go astray except themselves, but they perceive not
Edward Henry Palmer1880 A sect of the people of the Book would fain they could lead you astray, but they only lead themselves astray, and they do not perceive
John Medows Rodwell1861 A party among the people of the Book would fain mislead you: but they only mislead themselves, and perceive it not
George Sale1734 Some of those who have received the scriptures desire to seduce you; but they seduce themselves only, and they perceive it not
These figures count the words the translations share. They measure wording, not meaning, and they do not say which translation is right.
Derived measure: mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the
lowercased word sets of the 5 renderings above —
0.48 on a scale
where 0 means identical wording and 1 means no shared words. It is
computed, not judged.
The page says a verse is worded differently only above the cut below. The cut is a stated convention, not a property of the text, and it can be changed.
The cut
0.644
Share of measured verses above it
33%
Verses above it
2,079
Verses measured
6,236
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · George Sale0.57
Edward Henry Palmer · John Medows Rodwell0.56
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · John Medows Rodwell0.55
Talal Itani · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall0.54
John Medows Rodwell · George Sale0.53
Talal Itani · George Sale0.46
Talal Itani · John Medows Rodwell0.44
Edward Henry Palmer · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall0.42
Talal Itani · Edward Henry Palmer0.40
Edward Henry Palmer · George Sale0.39
One bar per pair of renderings, longest bar for the pair
sharing fewest words. Every pair is shown; none is singled out.
Method Wording differences — derived 13 September 2026
Method
Mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the lowercased word sets of the cleared translations of each verse. A verse is marked as worded differently when its score falls in the top third of the corpus — the cut set out in Analysis details.
As at
13 September 2026, 10:56 UTC
Gate
verify/divergence_gate.py re-derives and fails on drift
The platform does not say which is right, and does not
characterise what the difference means. The renderings are placed
together so the difference is visible; reading it is the reader's work.
7 sources
stand behind this page. Each is listed once, in the order the page first
cites it, with the licence it was cleared under and what was actually read.
Nothing on this page rests on a source that is not here.
Source Tanzil Qur'an text (Uthmani) · Uthmani, Version 1.1
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.
CLEARED. Licence read verbatim from the block embedded in this very file. Ingested exactly as shipped: no normalisation, no stripping of marks, no Unicode recomposition.
Parsed structurally from the EPUB: an h3 names the surah, one p per verse with its number in its own span. An unnumbered p is the basmala and is not a verse, except in surah 1 where the basmala IS verse 1. 112 unnumbered paragraphs were found, which is 114 surahs less surah 1 and surah 9. Text is stored VERBATIM: NFC normalisation and XML entity unescaping only, because CC BY-ND forbids modification.
CLEARED on a licence read first-hand from the translator's own download page, not from an aggregator. Tanzil also hosts this translation, but under a blanket "non-commercial purposes only" term that directs the user to the translator or publisher for permission - a hosting disclaimer, not a grant - so the grant was taken from the licensor directly. The "God" edition was ingested; ClearQuran also publishes an "Allah" edition, differing in how the divine name is rendered, which is not ingested.
CLEARED ON THE WORK, WITH TWO RECORDED CAVEATS ON THIS COPY. (1) Rights basis is the expired copyright term, NOT the redistributing repository's licence. That repository dedicates its contents to the public domain under the Unlicense while also redistributing plainly in-copyright translations (Abdel Haleem, Saheeh International, The Study Quran), so it is dedicating rights it cannot hold and its blanket grant is not relied upon here. (2) The file declares its own upstream as tanzil.net, and Tanzil attaches a non-commercial condition to its TRANSLATION distributions, though not to its Qur'anic text. Since Pickthall's copyright has expired, nobody holds rights in these words and no licence is required from anyone; Tanzil's terms are a contract binding those who download from Tanzil, which we did not. The chain is nonetheless not spotless and Anwar may prefer a clean digitisation of the 1930 printing. NOT VERIFIED: that this digital text matches the 1930 first printing rather than a later revised edition. No page images were collated. Recorded as unverified rather than presented as established. SERVED TEXT DIFFERS FROM THE CITED FILE AT ONE VERSE, 37:97: the file reads "red-hotfire" (a glued token, also in Gutenberg #16955); the served row reads "red-hot fire", restored 2026-09-13 from Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran (London: George Allen & Unwin, printed for Alfred A. Knopf; 1930), p. 460, XXXVII 97 - scan archive.org in.ernet.dli.2015.216140, PDF page 475; banked data/derivation-sources/pickthall-1930-dli-2015.216140-text.pdf (sha256 70e81146c97fa3a590243a82e04e349108546074787e2551a78c616202138870) on Anwar Malik's grant.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is not stated by the redistributor and the printing is unverified. No statement of purpose is recorded for Palmer because none was sourced from his own preface in this pass; nothing is asserted on his behalf.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. TWO edition caveats. (1) The upstream is not stated by the redistributor. (2) Rodwell's own edition PRESENTS THE SURAHS IN HIS OWN CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER, not the mushaf order — he says so in his preface. This digital text is keyed to mushaf order, so it derives from a restored-order printing (such as the Everyman edition) rather than from Rodwell's own arrangement. Which printing is not stated and has not been established.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is NOT STATED by the redistributor, so the printing it represents is unverified; Sale's text was reprinted and re-edited many times between 1734 and 1900. Recorded as unverified rather than assumed to be the first edition.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.
CLEARED. Parallel edition, held in ayah_text_variants. It sits alongside the Uthmani spine for search normalisation and is never used to correct it.