Marked words appear in this translation and in no other English translation of this verse. Common small words and older spellings are not marked. The marks show where the wording differs, not where the meaning does.
Talal Itani· published 2012
And when Our enlighteningVerses are recited to them, they say, "This is nothing but a man who wants to divert you from what your ancestors used to worship." And they say, "This is nothing but a fabricated lie." And when the Truth comes to them, the blasphemers say of the Truth, "This is nothing but plain magic."
Translation Talal Itani, ClearQuran·Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1875–1936 · published 1930
And if Our revelations are recited unto them in plain terms, they say: This is naught else than a man who would turn you away from what your fathers used to worship; and they say: This is naught else than an invented lie. Those who disbelieve say of the truth when it reacheth them: This is naught else than mere magic
Sources
Translation Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran·Public domain — copyright term expired
Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran·1930 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work
·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026
Edward Henry Palmer1840–1882 · published 1880
And when our signs are recited to them they say, 'This is only a man who wishes to turn you from what your fathers served;' and they say, 'This is only a lie forged,' and those who misbelive will say of the truth when it comes to them, 'It is only obvious sorcery
Sources
Translation Edward Henry Palmer, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
For when our distinct signs are recited to them, they say, "This is merely a man who would fainpervert you from your father's Worship." And they say, "This (Koran) is no other than a forged falsehood." And the unbelievers say to the truth when it is presented to them, "Tis nothing but palpable sorcery
Sources
Translation John Medows Rodwell, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
When our evident signs are read unto them, they say of thee, OMohammed, this is no other than a man, who seeketh to turn you aside from the gods which your fathers worshipped. And they say of the Koran, this is no other than a lie blasphemously forged. And the unbelievers say of the truth, when it is come unto them, this is no other than manifest sorcery
Sources
Translation George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an·1734 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work
·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026
Other languages (18)Shqip · Albanian
Kur u lexohen ajetet Tona të qarta, ata thonë: "Ky (Muhamedi) është vetëm një njeri që dëshiron t'ju largojë nga ajo që adhuronin etërit tuaj" dhe thonë: "Ky (Kurani) nuk është gjë tjetër veçse një gënjeshtër e trilluar." Dhe, kur u vjen e vërteta, jobesimtarët thonë: "Kjo s'është gjë tjetër veçse magji e kulluar."
Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5
বাংলা · Bengali
আর যখন তাদের কাছে আমার সুস্পষ্ট আয়াতসমূহ তিলাওয়াত করা হয়, তখন তারা বলে, ‘এ তো এমন এক ব্যক্তি, যে তোমাদেরকে তোমাদের পিতৃপুরুষরা যার ইবাদাত করত তা থেকে ফিরিয়ে রাখতে চায়।’ তারা আরও বলে, ‘এ তো বানোয়াট মিথ্যা ছাড়া কিছুই নয়।’ আর কাফিরদের কাছে যখন সত্য এসে পৌঁছল, তখন তারা তা সম্পর্কে বলল, ‘এ তো স্পষ্ট জাদু ছাড়া আর কিছুই নয়।’
Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Dawah Association in Rabwah, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.2
Bosanski · Bosnian
Kad im se Naši jasni ajeti kazuju, oni govore: “Ovaj čovjek samo hoće da vas odvrati od onog što su preci vaši obožavali”, i govore: “Ovo nije ništa drugo nego laž – izmišljotina.” A oni koji ne vjeruju govore o Istini kada im dolazi: “Ovo nije ništa drugo nego magija jasna!”
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 2.0.4
Hrvatski · Croatian
Kad im se Naši jasni ajeti kazuju, oni govore: “Ovaj čovjek samo hoće da vas odvrati od onog što su predci vaši obožavali”, i govore: “Ovo nije ništa drugo nego laž – izmišljotina.” A oni koji ne vjeruju govore o Istini kada im dolazi: “Ovo nije ništa drugo nego magija jasna!”
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1
Fulfulde · Fulani
Si aayeeje amen ɓannguɗe ɗen janngaamma e maɓɓe, ɓe mbi'a: "oo wonaani, si wonaa gorko paalaaɗo palagol on e ko baabiraaɓe mon ndewayno rewaynoo". Ɓe mbi'i: "Ndee (Alqur’aanaare) wonaani, si wonaa fenaande fekindaande". Yedduɓe ɓen mb'ani goonga kan nde ka arnoo e maɓɓe: "Ndee wonaani, si wanaa mbilewu ɓanngu ngu".
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
ქართული · Georgian
და როცა ეკითხებათ ჩვენი ცხადი აიათები, ისინი ამბობენ: «ეს არის მხოლოდ ადამიანი, რომელსაც სურს მოგაშოროთ იმისგან, რასაც ეთაყვანებოდნენ თქვენი მამები და ამბობენ: "არაფერია ეს თუ არა გამოგონილი სიცრუე". და თქვეს იმათ, რომელნიც გახდნენ ურწმუნონი, ჭეშმარიტებაზე [ალლაჰის წიგნზე], როცა ის მივიდა მათთან: ეს მხოლოდ ცხადი ჯადოქრობაა».
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.7
Deutsch · German
Und wenn ihnen Unsere Zeichen als klare Beweise verlesen werden, sagen sie: „Dieser ist nur ein Mann, der euch von dem abhalten will, dem eure Väter dienten.“ Und sie sagen: „Das ist nur eine ersonnene ungeheuerliche Lüge.“ Und diejenigen, die ungläubig sind, sagen von der Wahrheit, nachdem sie zu ihnen gekommen ist: „Das ist nur deutliche Zauberei.“
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.15
Ελληνικά · Greek
Όταν απαγγέλλονται σ' αυτούς (τους άπιστους) τα Εδάφιά Μας ξεκάθαρα, λένε: «Αυτός (ο Μωχάμμαντ) δεν είναι παρά ένας άνθρωπος που θέλει να σας αποτρέψει από ό,τι λάτρευαν οι πρόγονοί σας!» Και λένε: «Αυτό (το Κορ’άν) δεν είναι παρά ένα ψέμα που το έχει κατασκευάσει (ο Μωχάμμαντ και ισχυρίζεται ότι είναι ο Λόγος του Αλλάχ)!» Και εκείνοι που αρνήθηκαν την πίστη είπαν για την Αλήθεια όταν τους ήρθε: «Αυτό δεν είναι παρά ξεκάθαρη μαγεία!»,
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
हिन्दी · Hindi
और जब उनके समक्ष हमारी खुली आयतें पढ़ी जाती हैं, तो कहते हैं : यह तो एक ऐसा व्यक्ति है, जो चाहता है कि तुम्हें उन (पूज्यों) से रोक दे, जिनकी तुम्हारे बाप-दादा इबादत किया करते थे। तथा उन्होंने कहा : यह तो मात्र एक गढ़ा हुआ झूठ है। तथा जब उन काफ़िरों के पास सत्य आ गया, तो उन्होंने उसके बारे में कहा : यह तो मात्र एक खुला जादू है।
Translated by Azizul Haq Al-Omari
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.5
Italiano · Italian
E se venivano recitati i Nostri chiari Segni, dicevano: «Questo non è che un uomo che vuole farvi allontanare da ciò che adoravano i vostri padri». E dissero: «Questa non è che una menzogna inventata.» E dissero i miscredenti della Verità che arrivò loro: «Questa non è che chiara magia!»
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
Lietuvių · Lithuanian
43. Ir kai Mūsų Aiškios Eilutės yra recituojamos jiems, jie sako: „Šis (Muchammedas ﷺ) yra niekas tik žmogus, kuris nori atitraukti jus nuo to, ką jūsų tėvai garbindavo.“ Ir jie sako: „Tai (Koranas) yra niekas tik sukurtas melas.“ Ir tie, kurie netiki, sako apie tiesą, kai ji pasiekė juos (t. y. Pranašą Muchammedą ﷺ , kai Allahas atsiuntė jį Pasiuntiniu su įrodymais, įkalčiais, šio Korano eilutėmis, pamokomis, ženklais ir t. t.): „Tai niekas, tik akivaizdi magija.“
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.0
Русский · Russian
А когда им читаются Наши ясные знамения, они говорят: «Это — не кто иной, как человек, который хочет отвратить вас от того, чему поклонялись ваши отцы». И они сказали: «Это — не что иное, как ложь, измышленная [им]!» А те, которые отвергли веру, сказали об истине, когда она пришла к ним: «Это — не что иное, как явное колдовство!»
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1
Српски · Serbian
Кад им се Наше јасне речи казују, они говоре: „Овај човек само хоће да вас одврати од оног што су ваши преци обожавали“, и говоре: „Ово није ништа друго до измишљена лаж - измишљотина. А они који не верују говоре о Истини када им долази: „Ово није ништа друго него јасна магија!“
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4
Kiswahili · Swahili
Na wanaposomewa Aya zetu zilizo wazi, wanasema: "Huyu si chochote isipokuwa ni mtu anayetaka kuwazuia na yale waliyokuwa wakiabudu baba zenu." Na wakasema: "Haya si chochote isipokuwa ni uongo uliozuliwa." Na wale waliokufuru waliiambia haki ilipowajia: "Haya si chochote isipokuwa ni uchawi ulio dhahiri."
Issued by the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5
Svenska · Swedish
När våra klara verser reciteras för dem säger de: ”Denne man är bara en som försöker avleda er från det som era förfäder dyrkade!” Och de säger: ”Uppdiktade lögner!” Och när sanningen uppenbarar sig för dem säger de otrogna: ”Detta är inget annat än uppenbar magi!”
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
Türkçe · Turkish
Ayetlerimiz açık açık onlara okunduğunda dediler ki: “Bu ancak atalarınızın ibadet ede geldiği şeylerden sizi alıkoymak isteyen bir adamdır.” Yine dediler ki: “Bu uydurulmuş bir yalandan başka bir şey değildir.” Kâfir olanlar hakka kendilerine geldiğinde: “Bu ancak apaçık bir büyüdür” dediler.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4
اردو · Urdu
اور جب ان کے سامنے ہماری صاف صاف آیتیں پڑھی جاتی ہیں تو کہتے ہیں کہ یہ ایسا شخص ہے[1] جو تمہیں تمہارے باپ دادا کے معبودوں سے روک دینا چاہتا ہے۔ (اس کے سوا کوئی بات نہیں)، اور کہتے ہیں کہ یہ تو گھڑا ہوا جھوٹ ہے[2] اور حق ان کے پاس آچکا پھر بھی کافر یہی کہتے رہے کہ یہ تو کھلا ہوا جادو ہے.[3]
Translated by Muhammad Ibrahim Junagarhi, developed under the supervision of the Rowwad Translation Center. The original translation is available for the purpose of expressing opinion, evaluation, and continuous development.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.3
About these translations
5 cleared translations, newest first, by year of publication, so the modern English comes before the historical ones. That is an ordering by date, not a judgement. Each is shown complete — this platform never excerpts a translation — and each renders under its translator's name. No translation here is marked as the correct one.
Which translations appear here is set by copyright: they are the ones whose rights could be documented and cleared. The selection is not a judgement that these are the best.
About easy-read
Easy-read
Easy-read is a simplified pronunciation,
not authoritative — a rule-by-rule romanisation, not a reading.
Each verse ends in its pause form, as it is said when you stop there. Pauses inside a verse and other tajwid rules are not shown. It is derived from the Tanzil
Simple edition, while the Arabic above is the
Uthmani edition; both are cleared, but they are not the
same edition and their orthography differs.
Easy-read (simplified)qaaloo subhaanaka anta waliyyunaa min doonihim bal kaanoo ya'budoona l-jinna aktharuhum bihim mu'minoon
DIN 31635qālū subḥānaka ʾanta waliyyunā min dūnihim bal kānū yaʿbudūna l-ǧinna ʾakṯaruhum bihim muʾminūna
The translators word this verse differently
Talal Itani2012 They will say, "Be You glorified; You are our Master, not them. In fact, they used to worship the jinn, and most of them had faith in them."
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 They will say: Be Thou Glorified. Thou (alone) art our Guardian, not them! Nay, but they worshipped the jinn; most of them were believers in them
Edward Henry Palmer1880 They shall say, 'Celebrated be thy praises! thou art our patron instead of them. Nay, they used to worship the ginns, most of them believe in them
John Medows Rodwell1861 They shall say, "Glory be to thee! Thou art our master, not these! But they worshipped the Djinn: it was in them that most of them believed
George Sale1734 And the angels shall answer, God forbid! Thou art our friend, and not these: But they worshipped devils; the greater part of them believed in them
Talal Itani2012 "Today, none of you has the power to profit or harm the other." And We will say to those who did wrong, "Taste the agony of the Fire which you used to deny."
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 That day ye will possess no use nor hurt one for another. And We shall say unto those who did wrong: Taste the doom of the Fire which ye used to deny
Edward Henry Palmer1880 But today they cannot control for each other, either profit or harm;' and we will say to those who have done wrong, 'Taste ye the torment of the fire wherein ye did disbelieve
John Medows Rodwell1861 On this day the one of you shall have no power over others for help or hurt. And we will say to the evil doers, "Taste ye the torment of the fire, which ye treated as a delusion
George Sale1734 On this day the one of you shall not be able either to profit or to hurt the other. And we will say unto those who have acted unjustly, taste ye the pain of hell fire, which ye rejected as a falsehood
Easy-read (simplified)wakadhdhaba lladheena min qablihim wamaa balaghoo mi'shaara maa aataynaahum fakadhdhaboo rusulee fakayfa kaana nakeer
DIN 31635wakaḏḏaba llaḏīna min qablihim wamā balaġū miʿšāra mā ʾātaynāhum fakaḏḏabū rusulī fakayfa kāna nakīri
The translators word this verse differently
Talal Itani2012 Those before them also denied the Truth, yet they have not attained one-tenth of what We had given them. They rejected My messengers, so how was My disapproval?
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 Those before them denied, and these have not attained a tithe of that which We bestowed on them (of old); yet they denied My messengers. How intense then was My abhorrence (of them)
Edward Henry Palmer1880 Those before them said it was a lie, and these have not reached a tithe of what we had given them. And they said my apostles were liars, and how great a change was then
John Medows Rodwell1861 They also flourished before them, treated our apostles as impostors in like sort: but not to the tenth part of what we bestowed on them, have these attained. And yet when they charged my apostles with deceit, how terrible was my vengeance
George Sale1734 They who were before them in like manner accused their prophets of imposture: But these have not arrived unto the tenth part of the riches and strength which we had bestowed on the former: And they accused my apostles of imposture; and how severe was my vengeance
These figures count the words the translations share. They measure wording, not meaning, and they do not say which translation is right.
Derived measure: mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the
lowercased word sets of the 5 renderings above —
0.59 on a scale
where 0 means identical wording and 1 means no shared words. It is
computed, not judged.
The page says a verse is worded differently only above the cut below. The cut is a stated convention, not a property of the text, and it can be changed.
The cut
0.644
Share of measured verses above it
33%
Verses above it
2,079
Verses measured
6,236
Talal Itani · George Sale0.67
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · John Medows Rodwell0.64
Edward Henry Palmer · John Medows Rodwell0.62
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · George Sale0.62
Talal Itani · John Medows Rodwell0.61
Talal Itani · Edward Henry Palmer0.58
Edward Henry Palmer · George Sale0.57
Edward Henry Palmer · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall0.57
John Medows Rodwell · George Sale0.55
Talal Itani · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall0.53
One bar per pair of renderings, longest bar for the pair
sharing fewest words. Every pair is shown; none is singled out.
Method Wording differences — derived 13 September 2026
Method
Mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the lowercased word sets of the cleared translations of each verse. A verse is marked as worded differently when its score falls in the top third of the corpus — the cut set out in Analysis details.
As at
13 September 2026, 10:56 UTC
Gate
verify/divergence_gate.py re-derives and fails on drift
The platform does not say which is right, and does not
characterise what the difference means. The renderings are placed
together so the difference is visible; reading it is the reader's work.
7 sources
stand behind this page. Each is listed once, in the order the page first
cites it, with the licence it was cleared under and what was actually read.
Nothing on this page rests on a source that is not here.
Source Tanzil Qur'an text (Uthmani) · Uthmani, Version 1.1
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.
CLEARED. Licence read verbatim from the block embedded in this very file. Ingested exactly as shipped: no normalisation, no stripping of marks, no Unicode recomposition.
Parsed structurally from the EPUB: an h3 names the surah, one p per verse with its number in its own span. An unnumbered p is the basmala and is not a verse, except in surah 1 where the basmala IS verse 1. 112 unnumbered paragraphs were found, which is 114 surahs less surah 1 and surah 9. Text is stored VERBATIM: NFC normalisation and XML entity unescaping only, because CC BY-ND forbids modification.
CLEARED on a licence read first-hand from the translator's own download page, not from an aggregator. Tanzil also hosts this translation, but under a blanket "non-commercial purposes only" term that directs the user to the translator or publisher for permission - a hosting disclaimer, not a grant - so the grant was taken from the licensor directly. The "God" edition was ingested; ClearQuran also publishes an "Allah" edition, differing in how the divine name is rendered, which is not ingested.
CLEARED ON THE WORK, WITH TWO RECORDED CAVEATS ON THIS COPY. (1) Rights basis is the expired copyright term, NOT the redistributing repository's licence. That repository dedicates its contents to the public domain under the Unlicense while also redistributing plainly in-copyright translations (Abdel Haleem, Saheeh International, The Study Quran), so it is dedicating rights it cannot hold and its blanket grant is not relied upon here. (2) The file declares its own upstream as tanzil.net, and Tanzil attaches a non-commercial condition to its TRANSLATION distributions, though not to its Qur'anic text. Since Pickthall's copyright has expired, nobody holds rights in these words and no licence is required from anyone; Tanzil's terms are a contract binding those who download from Tanzil, which we did not. The chain is nonetheless not spotless and Anwar may prefer a clean digitisation of the 1930 printing. NOT VERIFIED: that this digital text matches the 1930 first printing rather than a later revised edition. No page images were collated. Recorded as unverified rather than presented as established. SERVED TEXT DIFFERS FROM THE CITED FILE AT ONE VERSE, 37:97: the file reads "red-hotfire" (a glued token, also in Gutenberg #16955); the served row reads "red-hot fire", restored 2026-09-13 from Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran (London: George Allen & Unwin, printed for Alfred A. Knopf; 1930), p. 460, XXXVII 97 - scan archive.org in.ernet.dli.2015.216140, PDF page 475; banked data/derivation-sources/pickthall-1930-dli-2015.216140-text.pdf (sha256 70e81146c97fa3a590243a82e04e349108546074787e2551a78c616202138870) on Anwar Malik's grant.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is not stated by the redistributor and the printing is unverified. No statement of purpose is recorded for Palmer because none was sourced from his own preface in this pass; nothing is asserted on his behalf.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. TWO edition caveats. (1) The upstream is not stated by the redistributor. (2) Rodwell's own edition PRESENTS THE SURAHS IN HIS OWN CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER, not the mushaf order — he says so in his preface. This digital text is keyed to mushaf order, so it derives from a restored-order printing (such as the Everyman edition) rather than from Rodwell's own arrangement. Which printing is not stated and has not been established.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is NOT STATED by the redistributor, so the printing it represents is unverified; Sale's text was reprinted and re-edited many times between 1734 and 1900. Recorded as unverified rather than assumed to be the first edition.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.
CLEARED. Parallel edition, held in ayah_text_variants. It sits alongside the Uthmani spine for search normalisation and is never used to correct it.