عَالَمِين AALAMIN Read the Qur'an in context Read the Qur'an

The verseSource fact

43:19

وَجَعَلُوا۟ ٱلْمَلَٰٓئِكَةَ ٱلَّذِينَ هُمْ عِبَٰدُ ٱلرَّحْمَٰنِ إِنَٰثًا أَشَهِدُوا۟ خَلْقَهُمْ سَتُكْتَبُ شَهَٰدَتُهُمْ وَيُسْـَٔلُونَ

Easy-read · not authoritative

Easy-read (simplified)waja'aloo l-malaa'ikata lladheena hum 'ibaadu r-rahmaani inaathan ashahidoo khalqahum satuktabu shahaadatuhum wayus'aloon

DIN 31635waǧaʿalū l-malāʾikata llaḏīna hum ʿibādu r-raḥmāni ʾināṯan ʾašahidū ḫalqahum satuktabu šahādatuhum wayusʾalūna

EditionTanzil Qur'an text (Uthmani) ·Creative Commons Attribution 3.0

TranslationsSource fact

Marked words appear in this translation and in no other English translation of this verse. Common small words and older spellings are not marked. The marks show where the wording differs, not where the meaning does.

Talal Itani · published 2012

And they appoint the angels, who are servants to the Most Gracious, as females. Have they witnessed their creation? Their claim will be recorded, and they will be questioned.

Translation Talal Itani, ClearQuran·Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International

Talal Itani, ClearQuran ·ClearQuran, "God" edition, EPUB·Talal Itani / ClearQuran.com ·Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International·retrieved 7 Sep 2026

Translation by Talal Itani, ClearQuran.com https://clearquran.com

Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall 1875–1936 · published 1930

And they make the angels, who are the slaves of the Beneficent, females. Did they witness their creation? Their testimony will be recorded and they will be questioned

Sources

Translation Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran·Public domain — copyright term expired

Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran ·1930 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work ·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026

Edward Henry Palmer 1840–1882 · published 1880

And have they made the angels, who are the servants of the Merciful One, females? Were they witnesses of their creation? their witness shall be written down, and they shall be questioned

Sources

Translation Edward Henry Palmer, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired

Edward Henry Palmer, English translation of the Qur'an ·1880 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work ·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026

John Medows Rodwell 1808–1900 · published 1861

And they make the angels who are the servants of God of Mercy, females. What! did they witness their creation? Their witness shall be taken down, and they shall hereafter be enquired at

Sources

Translation John Medows Rodwell, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired

John Medows Rodwell, English translation of the Qur'an ·1861 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work ·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026

George Sale 1697–1736 · published 1734

And do they make the angels, who are the servants of the Merciful, females? Were they present at their creation? Their testimony shall be written down, and they shall be examined concerning the same, on the day of judgment

Sources

Translation George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired

George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an ·1734 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work ·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026

Other languages (18)
Shqip · Albanian

Ata i quajnë femra melekët, të cilët janë robër të të Gjithëmëshirshmit! Vallë, a ishin ata të pranishëm gjatë krijimit të tyre?! Dëshmia e tyre do të shënohet dhe do të merren në llogari.

Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5

বাংলা · Bengali

আর তারা রহমানের বান্দা ফিরিশতাদেরকে নারী হিসেবে গণ্য করেছে। তারা কি তাদের সৃষ্টি প্রত্যক্ষ করেছে? তাদের সাক্ষ্য অবশ্যই লিখে রাখা হবে এবং তাদেরকে জিজ্ঞাসাবাদ করা হবে।(৮)

Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Dawah Association in Rabwah, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.2

Bosanski · Bosnian

Oni meleke, koji su robovi Svemilosnog, ženskinjem smatraju. Da nisu prisustvovali stvaranju njihovu?! Njihova tvrdnja bit će zapisana i oni će biti pitani!

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 2.0.4

Hrvatski · Croatian

Oni anđele, koji su robovi Svemilosnog, ženskinjem smatraju. Da nisu prisustvovali stvaranju njihovu?! Njihova tvrdnja bit će zapisana i oni će biti pitani!

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1

Fulfulde · Fulani

Ɓe mbaɗi Malaa'ikaaɓe tawɓe ɓeen ko jiyaaɓe Joom yurmeende oon, rewɓe ! Kere ɓe seedino tageede ɓeen? Awa fii seedagol maɓɓe ngol winndete, ɓe lamnditoyee.

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2

ქართული · Georgian

«და მათ [მრავალღმერთიანებმა] ანგელოზები, რომლებიც მოწყალე (ალლაჰის) მსახურნი არიან, ქალებად [ალლაჰის ასულებად] გამოაცხადეს. ნუთუ ისინი მათი [ანგელოზების] შექმნის მოწმეები იყვნენ? ჩაიწერება მათი (ცრუ) მოწმობა (მათ საქმეთა წიგნში) და მათ (ამის გამო განკითხვის დღეს) პასუხს მოსთხოვენ!»

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.7

Deutsch · German

Und sie machen die Engel, die (sie) ja Diener des Allerbarmers sind, zu weiblichen Wesen. Waren sie denn Zeugen ihrer Erschaffung? Ihr Zeugnis wird aufgeschrieben, und sie werden ja befragt werden.

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.15

Ελληνικά · Greek

Ισχυρίζονται (οι άπιστοι) ότι οι Άγγελοι, -που είναι οι δούλοι του Αρ-Ραχμάν (Παντελεήμονα)-, είναι γυναίκες. Ήταν μάρτυρες της δημιουργίας τους; Η μαρτυρία τους (και αυτό που είπαν) θα γραφτεί, και θα λογοδοτήσουν (γι' αυτό)!

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2

हिन्दी · Hindi

और उन्होंने फ़रिश्तों को, जो 'रहमान' के बंदे हैं, स्त्रियाँ क़रार दे लिया। क्या वे उनकी उत्पत्ति के समय उपस्थित थे? उनकी गवाही लिख ली जाएगी और उनसे पूछताछ की जाएगी।

Translated by Azizul Haq Al-Omari

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.5

Italiano · Italian

E hanno considerato gli angeli, che sono servi del Compassionevole, femmine: ma hanno forse assistito alla loro creazione? La loro testimonianza verrà scritta e ne saranno interrogati.

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2

Lietuvių · Lithuanian

19. Ir jie padaro angelus, kurie patys yra Maloningiausiojo (Allaho) vergai, moterimis. Ar jie matė jų sukūrimą? Jų liudijimas bus įrašytas, ir jie bus apklausti.

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.8

Afaan Oromoo · Oromo

Maleeykota isaan gabroota Rahmaan ta’an dubara taasisan. uumama isaanii bira jiran moo? Ragaan isaanii nibarreeffamti, (irraa) gaafataman.

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.0

Русский · Russian

И они сочли ангелов, которые сами являются рабами Всемилостивого, [существами] женского пола. Неужели они присутствовали при их сотворении?! Их свидетельство будет записано, и они будут спрошены.

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1

Српски · Serbian

Они анђеле који су слуге Свемилосног сматрају женским. Да нису присуствовали њиховом стварању?! Њихова тврдња биће записана и они ће да одговарају!

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4

Kiswahili · Swahili

Na wakawafanya Malaika, ambao ni waja wa Mwingi wa Rehema, ni wanawake! Kwani wameshuhudia kuumbwa kwao? Ushahidi wao utaandikwa na wao watahojiwa!

Issued by the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5

Svenska · Swedish

De påstår att änglarna, som är den Nåderikes tjänare, är kvinnliga väsen. Var de närvarande vid deras skapelse? Deras påstående ska nedtecknas och de ska ställas till svars.

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2

Türkçe · Turkish

Rahman’ın kulları olan melekleri dişi saydılar. Onların yaratılışlarına mı şahit oldular? Onların bu şahitlikleri yazılacak ve onlara sorulacaktır.

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4

اردو · Urdu

اور انہوں نے فرشتوں کو جو رحمٰن کے عبادت گزار ہیں عورتیں قرار دے لیا۔ کیا ان کی پیدائش کے موقع پر یہ موجود تھے؟ ان کی یہ گواہی لکھ لی جائے گی اور ان سے (اس چیز کی) باز پرس کی جائے گی.[1]

Translated by Muhammad Ibrahim Junagarhi, developed under the supervision of the Rowwad Translation Center. The original translation is available for the purpose of expressing opinion, evaluation, and continuous development.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.3

About these translations

5 cleared translations, newest first, by year of publication, so the modern English comes before the historical ones. That is an ordering by date, not a judgement. Each is shown complete — this platform never excerpts a translation — and each renders under its translator's name. No translation here is marked as the correct one.

Which translations appear here is set by copyright: they are the ones whose rights could be documented and cleared. The selection is not a judgement that these are the best.

About easy-read

Easy-read is a simplified pronunciation, not authoritative — a rule-by-rule romanisation, not a reading. Each verse ends in its pause form, as it is said when you stop there. Pauses inside a verse and other tajwid rules are not shown. It is derived from the Tanzil Simple edition, while the Arabic above is the Uthmani edition; both are cleared, but they are not the same edition and their orthography differs.

The verses around this oneSource fact

shown so it's never read alone

43:17

وَإِذَا بُشِّرَ أَحَدُهُم بِمَا ضَرَبَ لِلرَّحْمَٰنِ مَثَلًا ظَلَّ وَجْهُهُۥ مُسْوَدًّا وَهُوَ كَظِيمٌ

Easy-read · not authoritative

Easy-read (simplified)wa'idhaa bushshira ahaduhum bimaa daraba lilrrahmaani mathalan zalla wajhuhu muswaddan wahuwa kazeem

DIN 31635waʾiḏā buššira ʾaḥaduhum bimā ḍaraba lilrraḥmāni maṯalan ẓalla waǧhuhu muswaddan wahuwa kaẓīmun

The translators word this verse differently

Talal Itani2012 Yet when one of them is given news of what he attributes to the Most Gracious, his face darkens, and he suppresses grief.

Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 And if one of them hath tidings of that which he likeneth to the Beneficent One, his countenance becometh black and he is full of inward rage

Edward Henry Palmer1880 Yet when the tidings are given any one of that which he strikes out as a similitude for the Merciful One, his face grows black and he is choked

John Medows Rodwell1861 But when that is announced to any one of them, which he affirmeth to be the case with the God of Mercy, his face settleth into darkness and he is silent - sad

George Sale1734 But when one of them hath the news brought of the birth of a child of that sex which they attribute unto the Merciful, as his similitude, his face becometh black, and he is oppressed with sorrow

43:18

أَوَمَن يُنَشَّؤُا۟ فِى ٱلْحِلْيَةِ وَهُوَ فِى ٱلْخِصَامِ غَيْرُ مُبِينٍ

Easy-read · not authoritative

Easy-read (simplified)awaman yunashsha'u fee l-hilyati wahuwa fee l-khisaami ghayru mubeen

DIN 31635ʾawaman yunaššaʾu fī l-ḥilyati wahuwa fī l-ḫiṣāmi ġayru mubīnin

The translators word this verse differently

Talal Itani2012 "Someone brought up to be beautiful, and unable to help in a fight?"

Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 (Liken they then to Allah) that which is bred up in outward show, and in dispute cannot make itself plain

Edward Henry Palmer1880 What! one brought up amongst ornaments, and who is always in contention without obvious cause

John Medows Rodwell1861 What! make they a being to be the offspring of God who is brought up among trinkets, and is ever contentious without reason

George Sale1734 Do they therefore attribute unto God female issue, which are brought up among ornaments, and are contentious without cause

43:19 — the verse above

43:20

وَقَالُوا۟ لَوْ شَآءَ ٱلرَّحْمَٰنُ مَا عَبَدْنَٰهُم مَّا لَهُم بِذَٰلِكَ مِنْ عِلْمٍ إِنْ هُمْ إِلَّا يَخْرُصُونَ

Easy-read · not authoritative

Easy-read (simplified)waqaaloo law shaa'a r-rahmaanu maa 'abadnaahum maa lahum bidhaalika min 'ilmin in hum illaa yakhrusoon

DIN 31635waqālū law šāʾa r-raḥmānu mā ʿabadnāhum mā lahum biḏālika min ʿilmin ʾin hum ʾillā yaḫruṣūna

Talal Itani2012 And they say, "Had the Most Gracious willed, we would not have worshiped them." But they have no knowledge of that; they are merely guessing.

Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 And they say: If the Beneficent One had (so) willed, we should not have worshipped them. They have no knowledge whatsoever of that. They do but guess

Edward Henry Palmer1880 and they say, 'Had the Merciful pleased we should never have worshipped them.' They have no knowledge of that, they only conjecture

John Medows Rodwell1861 And they say: "Had the God of Mercy so willed it we should never have worshipped them." No knowledge have they in this: they only lie

George Sale1734 And they say, if the Merciful had pleased, we had not worshipped them. They have no knowledge herein: They only utter a vain lie

43:21

أَمْ ءَاتَيْنَٰهُمْ كِتَٰبًا مِّن قَبْلِهِۦ فَهُم بِهِۦ مُسْتَمْسِكُونَ

Easy-read · not authoritative

Easy-read (simplified)am aataynaahum kitaaban min qablihi fahum bihi mustamsikoon

DIN 31635ʾam ʾātaynāhum kitāban min qablihi fahum bihi mustamsikūna

The translators word this verse differently

Talal Itani2012 Or have We given them a book prior to this one, to which they adhere?

Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 Or have We given them any scripture before (this Qur'an) so that they are holding fast thereto

Edward Henry Palmer1880 Have we given them a book before it to which they might hold

John Medows Rodwell1861 Have we ere this given them a Book? and do they possess it still

George Sale1734 Have We given them a book of revelations before this; and do they keep the same in their custody

Sources

EditionTanzil Qur'an text (Uthmani) ·Uthmani, Version 1.1·Tanzil Project ·Creative Commons Attribution 3.0·retrieved 24 Aug 2026

Parallel edition — Simple, Version 1.1

وَجَعَلُوا الْمَلَائِكَةَ الَّذِينَ هُمْ عِبَادُ الرَّحْمَٰنِ إِنَاثًا أَشَهِدُوا خَلْقَهُمْ سَتُكْتَبُ شَهَادَتُهُمْ وَيُسْأَلُونَ

EditionTanzil Qur'an text (Simple) ·Simple, Version 1.1·Tanzil Project ·Creative Commons Attribution 3.0·retrieved 24 Aug 2026

Analysis detailsDerived

These figures count the words the translations share. They measure wording, not meaning, and they do not say which translation is right.

Derived measure: mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the lowercased word sets of the 5 renderings above — 0.59 on a scale where 0 means identical wording and 1 means no shared words. It is computed, not judged.

The page says a verse is worded differently only above the cut below. The cut is a stated convention, not a property of the text, and it can be changed.

The cut
0.644
Share of measured verses above it
33%
Verses above it
2,079
Verses measured
6,236
Talal Itani · George Sale 0.72
Talal Itani · John Medows Rodwell 0.69
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · George Sale 0.63
Talal Itani · Edward Henry Palmer 0.59
Edward Henry Palmer · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall 0.57
John Medows Rodwell · George Sale 0.56
Talal Itani · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall 0.55
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · John Medows Rodwell 0.53
Edward Henry Palmer · John Medows Rodwell 0.53
Edward Henry Palmer · George Sale 0.50

One bar per pair of renderings, longest bar for the pair sharing fewest words. Every pair is shown; none is singled out.

Method Wording differences — derived 13 September 2026
Method
Mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the lowercased word sets of the cleared translations of each verse. A verse is marked as worded differently when its score falls in the top third of the corpus — the cut set out in Analysis details.
As at
13 September 2026, 10:56 UTC
Gate
verify/divergence_gate.py re-derives and fails on drift

The platform does not say which is right, and does not characterise what the difference means. The renderings are placed together so the difference is visible; reading it is the reader's work.

Easy-read

SourceTanzil Qur'an text (Simple) ·Simple, Version 1.1·Tanzil Project ·Creative Commons Attribution 3.0·retrieved 24 Aug 2026

SourceTanzil Qur'an text (Simple) ·Simple, Version 1.1·Tanzil Project ·Creative Commons Attribution 3.0·retrieved 24 Aug 2026

ReceiptsSource fact

7 sources stand behind this page. Each is listed once, in the order the page first cites it, with the licence it was cleared under and what was actually read. Nothing on this page rests on a source that is not here.

Source Tanzil Qur'an text (Uthmani) · Uthmani, Version 1.1
Edition
Uthmani, Version 1.1
Custodian
Tanzil Project
Layer
canonical text
Licence
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0
Licence URL
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Commercial use
yes
Modification
contradictory
Licence text
read verbatim
Review state
cleared
Retrieved
24 August 2026
Digest
203f0f1bf3158b1e5be4ab9f8f6870e5…
Located at
https://tanzil.net/pub/download/index.php?quranType=uthmani&outType=xml
Convention
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.

CLEARED. Licence read verbatim from the block embedded in this very file. Ingested exactly as shipped: no normalisation, no stripping of marks, no Unicode recomposition.

Every source and rights decision →

Source Talal Itani, ClearQuran · ClearQuran, "God" edition, EPUB
Edition
ClearQuran, "God" edition, EPUB
Custodian
Talal Itani / ClearQuran.com
Layer
translation
Licence
Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
Licence URL
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/
Commercial use
yes
Modification
no
Licence text
terms page read
Review state
cleared
Retrieved
7 September 2026
Digest
70b0a8bb6f862f43670f7da1c0da59a4…
Located at
https://www.clearquran.com/downloads/quran-in-english-clearquran.epub
Convention
Parsed structurally from the EPUB: an h3 names the surah, one p per verse with its number in its own span. An unnumbered p is the basmala and is not a verse, except in surah 1 where the basmala IS verse 1. 112 unnumbered paragraphs were found, which is 114 surahs less surah 1 and surah 9. Text is stored VERBATIM: NFC normalisation and XML entity unescaping only, because CC BY-ND forbids modification.

CLEARED on a licence read first-hand from the translator's own download page, not from an aggregator. Tanzil also hosts this translation, but under a blanket "non-commercial purposes only" term that directs the user to the translator or publisher for permission - a hosting disclaimer, not a grant - so the grant was taken from the licensor directly. The "God" edition was ingested; ClearQuran also publishes an "Allah" edition, differing in how the divine name is rendered, which is not ingested.

Every source and rights decision →

Source Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran · 1930 translation, digital edition of unverified printing
Edition
1930 translation, digital edition of unverified printing
Custodian
None — public domain work
Layer
translation
Licence
Public domain — copyright term expired
Licence URL
— none published —
Commercial use
yes
Modification
yes
Licence text
not applicable — no licence exists
Review state
cleared
Retrieved
24 August 2026
Digest
aaff752d4349005282d977eebb863982…
Located at
https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/fawazahmed0/quran-api@6be8e17f2a0c13b1f33b1c3057f73cb28d5e848e/editions/eng-mohammedmarmadu.json

CLEARED ON THE WORK, WITH TWO RECORDED CAVEATS ON THIS COPY. (1) Rights basis is the expired copyright term, NOT the redistributing repository's licence. That repository dedicates its contents to the public domain under the Unlicense while also redistributing plainly in-copyright translations (Abdel Haleem, Saheeh International, The Study Quran), so it is dedicating rights it cannot hold and its blanket grant is not relied upon here. (2) The file declares its own upstream as tanzil.net, and Tanzil attaches a non-commercial condition to its TRANSLATION distributions, though not to its Qur'anic text. Since Pickthall's copyright has expired, nobody holds rights in these words and no licence is required from anyone; Tanzil's terms are a contract binding those who download from Tanzil, which we did not. The chain is nonetheless not spotless and Anwar may prefer a clean digitisation of the 1930 printing. NOT VERIFIED: that this digital text matches the 1930 first printing rather than a later revised edition. No page images were collated. Recorded as unverified rather than presented as established. SERVED TEXT DIFFERS FROM THE CITED FILE AT ONE VERSE, 37:97: the file reads "red-hotfire" (a glued token, also in Gutenberg #16955); the served row reads "red-hot fire", restored 2026-09-13 from Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran (London: George Allen & Unwin, printed for Alfred A. Knopf; 1930), p. 460, XXXVII 97 - scan archive.org in.ernet.dli.2015.216140, PDF page 475; banked data/derivation-sources/pickthall-1930-dli-2015.216140-text.pdf (sha256 70e81146c97fa3a590243a82e04e349108546074787e2551a78c616202138870) on Anwar Malik's grant.

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Source Edward Henry Palmer, English translation of the Qur'an · 1880 translation, digital edition of unverified printing
Edition
1880 translation, digital edition of unverified printing
Custodian
None — public domain work
Layer
translation
Licence
Public domain — copyright term expired
Licence URL
— none published —
Commercial use
yes
Modification
yes
Licence text
not applicable — no licence exists
Review state
cleared
Retrieved
24 August 2026
Digest
32b2330e332339ace53509539efe9040…
Located at
https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/fawazahmed0/quran-api@6be8e17f2a0c13b1f33b1c3057f73cb28d5e848e/editions/eng-edwardhenrypalm.json
Convention
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.

CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is not stated by the redistributor and the printing is unverified. No statement of purpose is recorded for Palmer because none was sourced from his own preface in this pass; nothing is asserted on his behalf.

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Source John Medows Rodwell, English translation of the Qur'an · 1861 translation, digital edition of unverified printing
Edition
1861 translation, digital edition of unverified printing
Custodian
None — public domain work
Layer
translation
Licence
Public domain — copyright term expired
Licence URL
— none published —
Commercial use
yes
Modification
yes
Licence text
not applicable — no licence exists
Review state
cleared
Retrieved
24 August 2026
Digest
91423dea6a6dccc192457870ed2c08fb…
Located at
https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/fawazahmed0/quran-api@6be8e17f2a0c13b1f33b1c3057f73cb28d5e848e/editions/eng-johnmedowsrodwe.json
Convention
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.

CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. TWO edition caveats. (1) The upstream is not stated by the redistributor. (2) Rodwell's own edition PRESENTS THE SURAHS IN HIS OWN CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER, not the mushaf order — he says so in his preface. This digital text is keyed to mushaf order, so it derives from a restored-order printing (such as the Everyman edition) rather than from Rodwell's own arrangement. Which printing is not stated and has not been established.

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Source George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an · 1734 translation, digital edition of unverified printing
Edition
1734 translation, digital edition of unverified printing
Custodian
None — public domain work
Layer
translation
Licence
Public domain — copyright term expired
Licence URL
— none published —
Commercial use
yes
Modification
yes
Licence text
not applicable — no licence exists
Review state
cleared
Retrieved
24 August 2026
Digest
05b679f5df49b0579e65f4b83b4c7235…
Located at
https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/fawazahmed0/quran-api@6be8e17f2a0c13b1f33b1c3057f73cb28d5e848e/editions/eng-georgesale.json
Convention
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.

CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is NOT STATED by the redistributor, so the printing it represents is unverified; Sale's text was reprinted and re-edited many times between 1734 and 1900. Recorded as unverified rather than assumed to be the first edition.

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Source Tanzil Qur'an text (Simple) · Simple, Version 1.1
Edition
Simple, Version 1.1
Custodian
Tanzil Project
Layer
canonical text
Licence
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0
Licence URL
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Commercial use
yes
Modification
contradictory
Licence text
read verbatim
Review state
cleared
Retrieved
24 August 2026
Digest
d9b5bad94e4725191aa8da9a0404bd8e…
Located at
https://tanzil.net/pub/download/index.php?quranType=simple&outType=xml
Convention
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.

CLEARED. Parallel edition, held in ayah_text_variants. It sits alongside the Uthmani spine for search normalisation and is never used to correct it.

Every source and rights decision →

Every source and rights decision →

How to read this page

Source fact Derived link Editorial
Source fact
Text as a named source gives it. The platform is transcribing, not speaking.
Derived link
Produced by a query over data we hold. Reproducible, and its method is stated.
Editorial
Written by a named editor. Not a translation and not a source. The only place this platform speaks in its own voice, and it is signed.

Qur'anic text from the Tanzil Project. Copyright (C) 2007-2026 Tanzil Project License: Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Source: tanzil.net · Updates: tanzil.net/updates/ https://tanzil.net/updates/