7 sources
stand behind this page. Each is listed once, in the order the page first
cites it, with the licence it was cleared under and what was actually read.
Nothing on this page rests on a source that is not here.
Source Tanzil Qur'an text (Uthmani) · Uthmani, Version 1.1
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.
CLEARED. Licence read verbatim from the block embedded in this very file. Ingested exactly as shipped: no normalisation, no stripping of marks, no Unicode recomposition.
Parsed structurally from the EPUB: an h3 names the surah, one p per verse with its number in its own span. An unnumbered p is the basmala and is not a verse, except in surah 1 where the basmala IS verse 1. 112 unnumbered paragraphs were found, which is 114 surahs less surah 1 and surah 9. Text is stored VERBATIM: NFC normalisation and XML entity unescaping only, because CC BY-ND forbids modification.
CLEARED on a licence read first-hand from the translator's own download page, not from an aggregator. Tanzil also hosts this translation, but under a blanket "non-commercial purposes only" term that directs the user to the translator or publisher for permission - a hosting disclaimer, not a grant - so the grant was taken from the licensor directly. The "God" edition was ingested; ClearQuran also publishes an "Allah" edition, differing in how the divine name is rendered, which is not ingested.
CLEARED ON THE WORK, WITH TWO RECORDED CAVEATS ON THIS COPY. (1) Rights basis is the expired copyright term, NOT the redistributing repository's licence. That repository dedicates its contents to the public domain under the Unlicense while also redistributing plainly in-copyright translations (Abdel Haleem, Saheeh International, The Study Quran), so it is dedicating rights it cannot hold and its blanket grant is not relied upon here. (2) The file declares its own upstream as tanzil.net, and Tanzil attaches a non-commercial condition to its TRANSLATION distributions, though not to its Qur'anic text. Since Pickthall's copyright has expired, nobody holds rights in these words and no licence is required from anyone; Tanzil's terms are a contract binding those who download from Tanzil, which we did not. The chain is nonetheless not spotless and Anwar may prefer a clean digitisation of the 1930 printing. NOT VERIFIED: that this digital text matches the 1930 first printing rather than a later revised edition. No page images were collated. Recorded as unverified rather than presented as established. SERVED TEXT DIFFERS FROM THE CITED FILE AT ONE VERSE, 37:97: the file reads "red-hotfire" (a glued token, also in Gutenberg #16955); the served row reads "red-hot fire", restored 2026-09-13 from Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran (London: George Allen & Unwin, printed for Alfred A. Knopf; 1930), p. 460, XXXVII 97 - scan archive.org in.ernet.dli.2015.216140, PDF page 475; banked data/derivation-sources/pickthall-1930-dli-2015.216140-text.pdf (sha256 70e81146c97fa3a590243a82e04e349108546074787e2551a78c616202138870) on Anwar Malik's grant.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is not stated by the redistributor and the printing is unverified. No statement of purpose is recorded for Palmer because none was sourced from his own preface in this pass; nothing is asserted on his behalf.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. TWO edition caveats. (1) The upstream is not stated by the redistributor. (2) Rodwell's own edition PRESENTS THE SURAHS IN HIS OWN CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER, not the mushaf order — he says so in his preface. This digital text is keyed to mushaf order, so it derives from a restored-order printing (such as the Everyman edition) rather than from Rodwell's own arrangement. Which printing is not stated and has not been established.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is NOT STATED by the redistributor, so the printing it represents is unverified; Sale's text was reprinted and re-edited many times between 1734 and 1900. Recorded as unverified rather than assumed to be the first edition.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.
CLEARED. Parallel edition, held in ayah_text_variants. It sits alongside the Uthmani spine for search normalisation and is never used to correct it.
Marked words appear in this translation and in no other English translation of this verse. Common small words and older spellings are not marked. The marks show where the wording differs, not where the meaning does.
Talal Itani· published 2012
Say, "Have you considered? What if it is from God and you disbelieve in it? A witness from the Children of Israel testified to its like, and has believed, while you turnedarrogant. God does not guide the unjust people."
Translation Talal Itani, ClearQuran·Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1875–1936 · published 1930
Bethink you: If it is from Allah and ye disbelieve therein, and a witness of the Children of Israel hath already testified to the like thereof and hath believed, and ye are too proud (what plight is yours)? Lo! Allah guideth not wrong-doing folk
Sources
Translation Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran·Public domain — copyright term expired
Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran·1930 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work
·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026
Edward Henry Palmer1840–1882 · published 1880
Say, 'Have ye considered, if it is from God and ye have disbelieved therein, and a witness from the children of Israel testifies to the conformity of it, and he believes while ye are too big with pride? Verily, God guides not the unjust people
Sources
Translation Edward Henry Palmer, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
SAY: What think ye? If this Book be from God, and ye believe it not, and a witness of the children of Israel witness to its conformity with the Law, and believe, while ye proudly disdain it . . . ? Ah! God guideth not the people guilty of such a wrong
Sources
Translation John Medows Rodwell, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
Say, what is your opinion? If this book be from God, and ye believe not therein; and a witness of the children of Israel bear witness to its consonancy with the law, and believeth therein; and ye proudly reject the same: Are ye not unjust doers? Verily God directeth not unjust people
Sources
Translation George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an·1734 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work
·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026
Other languages (18)Shqip · Albanian
Thuaj: "Më thoni, çka nëse ai (Kurani) është prej Allahut e ju e mohoni atë, ndërsa një dëshmitar nga bijtë e Israilit dëshmoi për vërtetësinë e tij dhe e besoi, ndërkohë që ju u treguat mendjemëdhenj?!" Me të vërtetë, Allahu nuk i udhëzon njerëzit e padrejtë."
Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5
বাংলা · Bengali
হে রাসূল! তুমি বলো: ‘তোমরা ভেবে দেখেছ কি, এই আল-কুরআন আল্লাহর কাছ থেকে হওয়ার পরেও যদি তোমরা এটাকে অস্বীকার করো; অথচ বানূ ইসরাঈলের একজন সাক্ষী এ ব্যাপারে অনুরূপ সাক্ষ্য দিয়েছে।(২) অতঃপর সে ঈমান আনল আর তোমরা অহংকার করলে । জেনে রেখো! নিশ্চয় আল্লাহ যালিম সম্প্রদায়কে হিদায়াত করেন না।
Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Dawah Association in Rabwah, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.2
Bosanski · Bosnian
Reci: “Kažite vi meni šta će s vama biti ako je Kur’an od Allaha, a vi u njega nećete da vjerujete, i ako je jedan od sinova Israilovih posvjedočio da je i on od Allaha, pa on povjerovao, a vi se uzoholili.” Allah, zaista, neće ukazati na Pravi put narodu koji sebi nepravdu čini.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 2.0.4
Hrvatski · Croatian
Reci: “Kažite vi meni šta će s vama biti ako je Kuran od Allaha, a vi u njega nećete vjerovati, i ako je jedan od sinova Izraelovih posvjedočio da je i on od Allaha, pa on povjerovao, a vi se uzoholili.” Allah, zaista, neće ukazati na Pravi put narodu koji sebi nepravdu čini.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1
Fulfulde · Fulani
Maaku: "Yeetee kam, si tawii le konde iwrunde ka Allah, njedduɗon ɗum, seedotooɗo e ɓiɗɓe Israa'ila ɓen ceedii e [sellugol] ɗum, o gooŋɗini, onon kan townitiɗon...Pellet, Allah feewnata yimɓe tooñooɓe ɓeen.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
ქართული · Georgian
თქვი: «აბა, რას იტყვით, თუ ის ალლაჰისგანაა და თქვენ უარყავით იგი, და ისრაელის ძეთაგან ერთმა მოწმემ დაამოწმა მსგავსზე, და ირწმუნა, თქვენ კი გაამაყდით. ჭეშმარიტად, ალლაჰი არ დაადგენს სწორ გზაზე უსამართლო ხალხს».
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.7
Deutsch · German
Sag: „Was meint ihr, wenn er doch von Allah ist und ihr ihn aber verleugnet, während einer der Zeuge von den Kindern Israils etwas bezeugt, was ihm gleich ist, und so glaubt er an ihn, während ihr euch hochmütig verhaltet? Wahrlich, Allah leitet das Volk der Ungerechten nicht recht.“
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.15
Ελληνικά · Greek
Πες (ω, Προφήτη): «Πείτε μου, αν (ισχύει αυτό που σας πληροφόρησα, ότι) αυτό το (Κορ’άν) είναι από τον Αλλάχ, αλλά εσείς το αρνηθήκατε, παρόλο που ένας μάρτυρας από τα παιδιά του Ισραήλ (ο ραβίνος Αμπντ Αλλάχ μπιν Σαλλάμ) έδωσε μαρτυρία γι' αυτό (για τις περιγραφές μου στην Τορά) και έτσι αυτός πίστεψε (στο Ισλάμ), αλλά εσείς δείξατε αλαζονεία, (τότε δε θα είστε άδικοι και παραπλανημένοι); Πράγματι, ο Αλλάχ δεν καθοδηγεί τους άδικους ανθρώπους.»
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
हिन्दी · Hindi
आप कह दें : क्या तुमने देखा? यदि यह (क़ुरआन) अल्लाह की ओर से हुआ और तुमने उसका इनकार कर दिया, जबकि बनी इसराईल में से एक गवाही देने वाले ने उस जैसे की गवाही दी।[7] फिर वह ईमान ले आया और तुम घमंड करते रहे (तो तुम्हारा क्या परिणाम होगा?)। बेशक अल्लाह ज़ालिमों को हिदायत नहीं देता।[8]
Translated by Azizul Haq Al-Omari
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.5
Italiano · Italian
Di’: «Non avete visto se è da parte di Allāh? Eppure l’avete negato. E uno dei figli d’Israīl ha testimoniato per uno simile, e ha creduto, ma voi siete stati superbi. In verità Allāh non guida il popolo ingiusto”.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
Lietuvių · Lithuanian
10. Sakyk: „Ar pagalvojote, jeigu šis (Koranas) yra iš Allaho, o jūs juo netikite, kuomet liudininkas iš Israelio (Izraelio) Sūnų (Abdulah bin Salam) paliudijo, [jog šis Koranas yra iš Allaho ir tai liudija Tora], ir patikėjo (priėmė islamą), kuomet jūs buvote per daug išdidūs.“ Iš tiesų, Allahas nerodo tiesaus kelio Zalimūn (politeistams, netikintiesiems, blogai besielgiantiems) žmonėms.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.0
Русский · Russian
Скажи: «Что вы думаете: если [этот Коран] — от Аллаха, а вы отвергли его, и свидетель из сынов Исраила засвидетельствовал о подобном ему [Писании] и уверовал, а вы превознеслись... Воистину, Аллах не наставляет людей несправедливых».
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1
Српски · Serbian
Реци: “Кажите ви мени шта ће с вама бити ако је Кур’ан од Аллаха, а ви у њега нећете да верујете, и ако је један од синова Израиљевих посведочио да је и он од Аллаха, па он поверовао, а ви се узохолили.” Аллах, заиста, неће указати на Прави пут народу неправедном.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4
Kiswahili · Swahili
Sema: 'Mnaonaje yakiwa haya ni kweli yametoka kwa Mwenyezi Mungu, nanyi mmeyakufuru, na akashuhudia shahidi miongoni mwa Wana wa Israili juu ya mfano wa haya, na akaamini, na nyinyi mnafanya kiburi? Hakika Mwenyezi Mungu hawaongoi watu wenye kudhulumu.'
Issued by the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5
Svenska · Swedish
Säg: ”Tänk om den verkligen är från Gud och ni ändå väljer att inte tro på den! Ett vittne från israeliterna bevittnar dess sanning och tror på den, medan ni förblir högfärdiga. Gud vägleder verkligen inte människor som begår orätt.”
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
Türkçe · Turkish
De ki: “Söyleyin bakalım; eğer (bu Kur'an) Allah katından ise, siz de onu inkâr etmişseniz, İsrailoğulları'ndan bir şahit de bunun bir benzerine şahitlik edip iman etmişse ve siz de (iman etmeyerek) büyüklük taslamışsanız (o zaman bu büyük zulüm ve küfür değil midir?) Şüphesiz Allah, zalim topluma hidayet etmez."
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4
اردو · Urdu
آپ کہہ دیجئے! اگر یہ (قرآن) اللہ ہی کی طرف سے ہو اور تم نے اسے نہ مانا ہو اور بنی اسرائیل کا ایک گواه اس جیسی کی گواہی بھی دے چکا ہو اور وه ایمان بھی ﻻچکا ہو اور تم نے سرکشی کی ہو[1] ، تو بیشک اللہ تعالیٰ ﻇالموں کو راه نہیں دکھاتا.
Translated by Muhammad Ibrahim Junagarhi, developed under the supervision of the Rowwad Translation Center. The original translation is available for the purpose of expressing opinion, evaluation, and continuous development.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.3
About these translations
5 cleared translations, newest first, by year of publication, so the modern English comes before the historical ones. That is an ordering by date, not a judgement. Each is shown complete — this platform never excerpts a translation — and each renders under its translator's name. No translation here is marked as the correct one.
Which translations appear here is set by copyright: they are the ones whose rights could be documented and cleared. The selection is not a judgement that these are the best.
About easy-read
Easy-read
Easy-read is a simplified pronunciation,
not authoritative — a rule-by-rule romanisation, not a reading.
Each verse ends in its pause form, as it is said when you stop there. Pauses inside a verse and other tajwid rules are not shown. It is derived from the Tanzil
Simple edition, while the Arabic above is the
Uthmani edition; both are cleared, but they are not the
same edition and their orthography differs.
Easy-read (simplified)am yaqooloona ftaraahu qul ini ftaraytuhu falaa tamlikoona lee mina llaahi shay'an huwa a'lamu bimaa tufeedoona feehi kafaa bihi shaheedan baynee wabaynakum wahuwa l-ghafooru r-raheem
DIN 31635ʾam yaqūlūna ftarāhu qul ʾini ftaraytuhu falā tamlikūna lī mina llāhi šayʾan huwa ʾaʿlamu bimā tufīḍūna fīhi kafā bihi šahīdan baynī wabaynakum wahuwa l-ġafūru r-raḥīmu
Talal Itani2012 Or do they say, "He invented it himself"? Say, "If I invented it myself, there is nothing you can do to protect me from God. He knows well what you are engaged in. He is sufficient witness between me and you. He is the Forgiver, the Merciful."
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 Or say they: He hath invented it? Say (O Muhammad): If I have invented it, still ye have no power to support me against Allah. He is Best Aware of what ye say among yourselves concerning it. He sufficeth for a witness between me and you. And He is the Forgiving, the Merciful
Edward Henry Palmer1880 Or do they say, 'He has forged it?' Say, 'If I have forged ye cannot obtain for me aught from God; He knows best what ye utter concerning it; He is witness enough between me and you, and He is the forgiving, the merciful
John Medows Rodwell1861 Will they say, "He hath devised It?" SAY: If I have devised the Koran, then not one single thing shall ye ever obtain for me from God! He best knoweth what ye utter in its regard! Witness enough is He between me and you! And He is the Gracious, the Merciful
George Sale1734 Will they say, Mohammed hath forged it? Answer, if I have forged it, verily ye shall not obtain for me any favour from God: He well knoweth the injurious language which ye utter concerning it: He is a sufficient witness between me and you; and He is gracious and merciful
Easy-read (simplified)qul maa kuntu bid'an mina r-rusuli wamaa adree maa yuf'alu bee walaa bikum in attabi'u illaa maa yoohaa ilayya wamaa anaa illaa nadheerun mubeen
Talal Itani2012 Say, "I am not different from the other messengers; and I do not know what will be done with me, or with you. I only follow what is inspired in me, and I am only a clear warner."
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 Say: I am no new thing among the messengers (of Allah), nor know I what will be done with me or with you. I do but follow that which is inspired in me, and I am but a plain warner
Edward Henry Palmer1880 Say, 'I am not an innovator among the apostles; nor do I know what will be done with me or with you if I follow aught but what I am inspired with; nor am I aught but a plain warner
John Medows Rodwell1861 SAY: I am no apostle of new doctrines: neither know I what will be done with me or you. Only what is revealed to me do I follow, and I am only charged to warn openly
George Sale1734 Say, I am not singular among the apostles; neither do I know what will be done with me or with you hereafter: I follow no other than what is revealed unto me; neither am I any more than a public warner
Easy-read (simplified)waqaala lladheena kafaroo lilladheena aamanoo law kaana khayran maa sabaqoonaa ilayhi wa'idh lam yahtadoo bihi fasayaqooloona haadhaa ifkun qadeem
DIN 31635waqāla llaḏīna kafarū lillaḏīna ʾāmanū law kāna ḫayran mā sabaqūnā ʾilayhi waʾiḏ lam yahtadū bihi fasayaqūlūna hāḏā ʾifkun qadīmun
Talal Itani2012 Those who disbelieve say to those who believe, "If it were anything good, they would not have preceded us to it." And since they were not guided by it, they will say, "This is an ancient lie."
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 And those who disbelieve say of those who believe: If it had been (any) good, they would not have been before us in attaining it. And since they will not be guided by it, they say: This is an ancient lie
Edward Henry Palmer1880 And those who misbelieve say of those who believe, 'If it had been good, they would not have been beforehand with us therein;' and when they are not guided thereby, then will they say, 'This is an old-fashioned lie
John Medows Rodwell1861 But the infidels say of the believers, "If it were a good Book they would not have been before us in believing it:" And not having submitted to guidance, they proceed to say, "It is an old lying legend
George Sale1734 But those who believe not, say of the true believers, if the doctrine of the Koran had been good, they had not embraced the same before us. And when they are not guided thereby, they say, this is an antiquated lie
Talal Itani2012 And before it was the Book of Moses, a model and a mercy. And this is a confirming Book, in the Arabic language, to warn those who do wrong-and good news for the doers of good.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 When before it there was the Scripture of Moses, an example and a mercy; and this is a confirming Scripture in the Arabic language, that it may warn those who do wrong and bring good tidings for the righteous
Edward Henry Palmer1880 But before it was the Book of Moses, a model and a mercy; and this is a book confirming it in Arabic language, to warn those who do wrong and as glad tidings to those who do well
John Medows Rodwell1861 But before the Koran was the Book of Moses, a rule and a mercy; and this Book confirmeth it (the Pentateuch) - in the Arabic tongue - that those who are guilty of that wrong may be warned, and as glad tidings to the doers of good
George Sale1734 Whereas the book of Moses was revealed before the Koran, to be a guide and a mercy: And this is a book confirming the same, delivered, in the Arabic tongue; to denounce threats unto those who act unjustly, and to bear good tidings unto the righteous doers
These figures count the words the translations share. They measure wording, not meaning, and they do not say which translation is right.
Derived measure: mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the
lowercased word sets of the 5 renderings above —
0.63 on a scale
where 0 means identical wording and 1 means no shared words. It is
computed, not judged.
The page says a verse is worded differently only above the cut below. The cut is a stated convention, not a property of the text, and it can be changed.
The cut
0.644
Share of measured verses above it
33%
Verses above it
2,079
Verses measured
6,236
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · George Sale0.72
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · John Medows Rodwell0.70
Edward Henry Palmer · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall0.69
Talal Itani · George Sale0.66
Talal Itani · John Medows Rodwell0.63
Edward Henry Palmer · John Medows Rodwell0.62
Talal Itani · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall0.62
Edward Henry Palmer · George Sale0.60
Talal Itani · Edward Henry Palmer0.58
John Medows Rodwell · George Sale0.50
One bar per pair of renderings, longest bar for the pair
sharing fewest words. Every pair is shown; none is singled out.
Method Wording differences — derived 13 September 2026
Method
Mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the lowercased word sets of the cleared translations of each verse. A verse is marked as worded differently when its score falls in the top third of the corpus — the cut set out in Analysis details.
As at
13 September 2026, 10:56 UTC
Gate
verify/divergence_gate.py re-derives and fails on drift
The platform does not say which is right, and does not
characterise what the difference means. The renderings are placed
together so the difference is visible; reading it is the reader's work.