Marked words appear in this translation and in no other English translation of this verse. Common small words and older spellings are not marked. The marks show where the wording differs, not where the meaning does.
Talal Itani· published 2012
Say to the Desert-Arabs who lagged behind, "You will be called against a people of great might; you will fight them, unless they submit. If you obey, God will give you a fine reward. But if you turn away, as you turned away before, He will punish you with a painful punishment."
Translation Talal Itani, ClearQuran·Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1875–1936 · published 1930
Say unto those of the wandering Arabs who were left behind: Ye will be called against a folk of mighty prowess, to fight them until they surrender; and if ye obey, Allah will give you a fair reward; but if ye turn away as ye did turn away before, He will punish you with a painful doom
Sources
Translation Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran·Public domain — copyright term expired
Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran·1930 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work
·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026
Edward Henry Palmer1840–1882 · published 1880
Say to those desert Arabs who were left behind, 'Ye shall be called out against a people endowed with vehement valour, and shall fight them or they shall becomeMuslims. And if ye obey, God will give you a goodhire; but if ye turn your backs, as ye turned your backs before, He will torment you with grievous woe
Sources
Translation Edward Henry Palmer, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
SAY to those Arabs of the desert, who took not the field, ye shall be called forth against a people of mighty valour. Ye shall do battle with them, or they shall profess Islam. If ye obey, a goodlyrecompense will God give you; but if ye turn back, as ye turned back aforetime, He will chastise you with a sore chastisement
Sources
Translation John Medows Rodwell, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
Say unto the Arabs of the desert who were left behind, ye shall be called forth against a mighty and a warlikenation: Ye shall fight against them, or they shall profess Islam. If ye obey, God will give you a glorious reward: But if ye turn back, as ye turned back heretofore, He will chastise you with a grievous chastisement
Sources
Translation George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an·1734 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work
·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026
Other languages (18)Shqip · Albanian
Thuaju beduinëve që mbetën pas: "Ju do të thirreni (për të luftuar) kundër një populli të fuqishëm; do t'i luftoni ose do të dorëzohen. Nëse bindeni, Allahu do t'ju japë shpërblim të mirë, por, nëse ktheni shpinën, siç e kthyet më parë, Ai do t'ju ndëshkojë me një dënim të dhembshëm."
Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5
বাংলা · Bengali
হে রাসূল! তুমি পেছনে পড়ে থাকা বেদুঈনদেরকে বলো: ‘এক কঠোর যোদ্ধা জাতির বিরুদ্ধে শীঘ্রই তোমাদেরকে (যুদ্ধ করতে) ডাকা হবে; তোমরা তাদের বিরুদ্ধে যুদ্ধ করবে অথবা তারা ইসলামে প্রবেশ করবে। অতঃপর তোমরা যদি আনুগত্য করো তবে আল্লাহ তোমাদেরকে উত্তম প্রতিদান দিবেন। আর পূর্বে (মক্কায় যাওয়া থেকে) তোমরা যেমন ফিরে গিয়েছিলে তেমনি যদি ফিরে যাও, তবে তিনি তোমাদেরকে যন্ত্রণাদায়ক শাস্তি দিবেন।
Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Dawah Association in Rabwah, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.2
Bosanski · Bosnian
Reci beduinima koji su izostali: “Bit ćete pozvani da se borite protiv naroda veoma hrabrog i moćnog, sve dok se ne pokori. Pa ako poslušate, Allah će vam lijepu nagradu dati. A ako izbjegnete, kao što ste i dosad izbjegavali, na muke će vas nesnosne staviti.”
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 2.0.4
Hrvatski · Croatian
Reci beduinima koji su izostali: “Bit ćete pozvani da se borite protiv naroda veoma hrabrog i moćnog, sve dok se ne pokori. Pa ako poslušate, Allah će vam lijepu nagradu dati. A ako izbjegnete, kao što ste i dosad izbjegavali, na muke će vas nesnosne staviti.”
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1
Fulfulde · Fulani
Maakan tultuɓe ɓen e yimɓe ladde ɓeen: "Arma nde noddeteɗon e yimɓe joomiraaɓe doole tiiɗuɓe. Hoɓon ɓe maaɗum ɓe silma. Si on ɗoftike, Allah okkat on mbarjaari moƴƴundi; si on nduŋtii ii no huccitirnoɗon oya tuma, O leptira lepte mu'usuuɗe".
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
ქართული · Georgian
უთხარი იმ ბედუინ არაბებს, რომლებიც ჩამორჩნენ: «მოგიწევთ ბრძოლა (ზოგიერთ) ხალხთან, რომლებსაც (ძალა და) სასტიკი რისხვა გააჩნიათ. (ან) თქვენ იბრძოლებთ მათ წინააღმდეგ, ან (სხვაგვარად) ისინი დანებდებიან (ბრძოლის გარეშე). და თუ (ალლაჰის) მორჩილნი იქნებით, ალლაჰი კეთილ საზღაურს მოგცემთ, ხოლო თუ ზურგს შეაქცევთ (როგორც ადრე შეაქციეთ ზურგი, როდესაც ალლაჰის შუამავლის თანხლებით არ წახვედით), მაშინ ის მტკივნეული სასჯელით დაგსჯით».
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.7
Deutsch · German
Sag zu den Zurückgelassenen unter den Wüstenarabern: „Ihr werdet zu Leuten gerufen werden, die eine starke Gewalt besitzen, gegen die ihr kämpfen sollt, es sei denn, sie werden (vorher) Muslime. Wenn ihr nun gehorcht, gibt Allah euch schönen Lohn; wenn ihr euch jedoch abkehrt, wie ihr euch zuvor abgekehrt habt, wird Er euch mit schmerzhafter Strafe strafen.“
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.15
Ελληνικά · Greek
Πες (ω, Προφήτη) στους (προαναφερόμενους) Βεδουίνους που έμειναν πίσω: «Θα κληθείτε σε μάχη εναντίον ανθρώπων μεγάλης δύναμης, θα τους πολεμήσετε ή θα υποταχθούν. Τότε, αν υπακούσετε, ο Αλλάχ θα σας δώσει μία καλή ανταμοιβή, αλλά αν απομακρυνθείτε όπως απομακρυνθήκατε πριν, θα σας τιμωρήσει με μία οδυνηρή τιμωρία.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
हिन्दी · Hindi
आप पीछे रह जाने वाले बद्दुओं से कह दें : जल्द ही तुम एक भयंकर युद्ध करने वाली जाति (से युद्ध) की ओर[7] बुलाए जाओगे। तुम उनसे युद्ध करोगे, या वे मुसलमान बन जाएँगे। फिर यदि तुम आज्ञा का पालन करोगे, तो अल्लाह तुम्हें उत्तम प्रतिफल प्रदान करेगा और यदि तुम फिर जाओगे, जैसे तुम इससे पहले फिर गए थे, तो वह तुम्हें दर्दनाक यातना देगा।
Translated by Azizul Haq Al-Omari
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.5
Italiano · Italian
Di’ a quelli che sono rimasti indietro tra i Nomadi: «Verrete mossi contro un popolo di grande forza, e li combatterete, o si sottometteranno. Se obbedirete, Allāh vi riserverà una degna ricompensa. E se tornerete indietro, come avete fatto prima, vi infliggerà una dolorosa punizione.»
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
Lietuvių · Lithuanian
16. Sakyk (O Muchammedai ﷺ) beduinams, kurie pasiliko užnugaryje: „Jūs būsite pakviesti kautis su galingais žmonėmis, tuomet jūs kovosite su jais arba jie pasiduos. Jeigu paklusite, Allahas jums atlygins, bet jeigu nusisuksite kaip anksčiau, Jis jus nubaus skausminga kančia.“
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.0
Русский · Russian
Скажи оставшимся позади из бедуинов: «Вы будете призваны к сражению с народом, обладающим великой силой. Вы будете сражаться с ними, или они покорятся. И если вы повинуетесь, Аллах дарует вам прекрасную награду, а если отвернётесь, как отвернулись прежде, — Он подвергнет вас мучительному наказанию».
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1
Српски · Serbian
Реци бедуинима који су изостали: “Бићете позвани да се борите против народа веома храброг и моћног, све док се не покори. Па ако послушате, Аллах ће вам лепу награду дати. А ако избегнете, као што сте и досад избегавали, казниће вас болном патњом.“
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4
Kiswahili · Swahili
Waambie wale walioachwa nyuma katika mabedui: 'Mtakuja itwa kwenda kupigana na watu wakali kwa vita, mpigane nao au wasalimu amri. Basi mkimtii, Mwenyezi Mungu atawapa ujira mzuri. Na mkigeuka kama mlivyogeuka kwanza, atawaadhibu kwa adhabu iliyo chungu.'
Issued by the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5
Svenska · Swedish
Säg till de beduiner som stannade kvar: ”Ni kommer att kallas för att möta ett folk med stor stridskraft. Ni kommer då att strida mot dem, eller så kommer de att bli muslimer. Om ni lyder [när befallningen kommer] ska Gud skänka er en riklig belöning, men om ni vänder er bort, så som tidigare, väntar er ett smärtsamt straff.”
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
Türkçe · Turkish
Bedevilerden (seferden) geri kalanlara de ki: "Çok güçlü bir kavme karşı savaşmak için çağrılacaksınız ya da onlar Müslüman olacaklar. Eğer itaat ederseniz, Allah size güzel bir mükâfat verir. Eğer daha önce yüz çevirdiğiniz gibi yüz çevirirseniz, sizi acı bir azapla cezalandırır."
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4
اردو · Urdu
آپ پیچھے چھوڑے ہوئے بدویوں سے کہہ دو کہ عنقریب تم ایک سخت جنگجو قوم کی طرف بلائے جاؤ گے کہ تم ان سے لڑوگے یا وه مسلمان ہوجائیں گے[1] پس اگر تم اطاعت کرو[2] گے تو اللہ تمہیں بہت بہتر بدلہ دے گا[3] اور اگر تم نے منھ پھیر لیا جیسا کہ اس سے پہلے تم منھ پھیر چکے ہو تو وه تمہیں دردناک عذاب دے گا.[4]
Translated by Muhammad Ibrahim Junagarhi, developed under the supervision of the Rowwad Translation Center. The original translation is available for the purpose of expressing opinion, evaluation, and continuous development.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.3
About these translations
5 cleared translations, newest first, by year of publication, so the modern English comes before the historical ones. That is an ordering by date, not a judgement. Each is shown complete — this platform never excerpts a translation — and each renders under its translator's name. No translation here is marked as the correct one.
Which translations appear here is set by copyright: they are the ones whose rights could be documented and cleared. The selection is not a judgement that these are the best.
About easy-read
Easy-read
Easy-read is a simplified pronunciation,
not authoritative — a rule-by-rule romanisation, not a reading.
Each verse ends in its pause form, as it is said when you stop there. Pauses inside a verse and other tajwid rules are not shown. It is derived from the Tanzil
Simple edition, while the Arabic above is the
Uthmani edition; both are cleared, but they are not the
same edition and their orthography differs.
Easy-read (simplified)walillaahi mulku s-samaawaati wal-'ardi yaghfiru liman yashaa'u wayu'adhdhibu man yashaa'u wakaana llaahu ghafooran raheemaa
DIN 31635walillāhi mulku s-samāwāti wal-ʾarḍi yaġfiru liman yašāʾu wayuʿaḏḏibu man yašāʾu wakāna llāhu ġafūran raḥīman
Talal Itani2012 To God belongs the kingdom of the heavens and the earth. He forgives whomever He wills, and He punishes whomever He wills. God is Forgiving and Merciful.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 And Allah's is the Sovereignty of the heavens and the earth. He forgiveth whom He will, and punisheth whom He will. And Allah is ever Forgiving, Merciful
Edward Henry Palmer1880 God's is the kingdom of the heavens and of the earth. He pardons whom He pleases, and torments whom He pleases; and God is forgiving, merciful
John Medows Rodwell1861 And God's is the kingdom of the Heavens and of the Earth: Whom He will He forgiveth, and whom He will He punisheth: and God is Gracious, Merciful
George Sale1734 Unto God belongeth the kingdom of heaven and earth: He forgiveth whom He pleaseth, and He punisheth whom He pleaseth; and God is inclined to forgive, and merciful
Easy-read (simplified)sayaqoolu l-mukhallafoona idhaa ntalaqtum ilaa maghaanima lita'khudhoohaa dharoonaa nattabi'kum yureedoona an yubaddiloo kalaama llaahi qul lan tattabi'oonaa kadhaalikum qaala llaahu min qablu fasayaqooloona bal tahsudoonanaa bal kaanoo laa yafqahoona illaa qaleelaa
DIN 31635sayaqūlu l-muḫallafūna ʾiḏā nṭalaqtum ʾilā maġānima litaʾḫuḏūhā ḏarūnā nattabiʿkum yurīdūna ʾan yubaddilū kalāma llāhi qul lan tattabiʿūnā kaḏālikum qāla llāhu min qablu fasayaqūlūna bal taḥsudūnanā bal kānū lā yafqahūna ʾillā qalīlan
Talal Itani2012 Those who lagged behind will say when you depart to collect the gains, "Let us follow you." They want to change the Word of God. Say, "You will not follow us; God has said so before." Then they will say, "But you are jealous of us." In fact, they understand only a little.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 Those who were left behind will say, when ye set forth to capture booty: Let us go with you. They fain would change the verdict of Allah. Say (unto them, O Muhammad): Ye shall not go with us. Thus hath Allah said beforehand. Then they will say: Ye are envious of us. Nay, but they understand not, save a little
Edward Henry Palmer1880 Those who were left behind shall say when ye have gone forth to spoils that ye may take, 'Let us follow you;' they wish to change God's words. Say, 'Ye shall by no means follow us; thus did God say before!' They will say, 'Nay! but ye envy us!' Nay! they did not understand save a little
John Medows Rodwell1861 They who took not the field with you will say, when ye go forth to the spoil to take it, "Let us follow you." Fain would they change the word of God. SAY: Ye shall by no means follow us: thus hath God said already. They will say, "Nay, ye are jealous of us." Nay! they are men of little understanding
George Sale1734 Those who were left behind will say, when ye go forth to take the spoil, suffer us to follow you. They seek to change the word of God. Say, ye shall by no means follow us: Thus hath God said heretofore. They will reply, nay; ye envy us a share of the booty. But they are men of small understanding
Talal Itani2012 There is no blame on the blind, nor any blame on the lame, nor any blame on the sick. Whoever obeys God and His Messenger-He will admit him into gardens beneath which rivers flow; but whoever turns away-He will punish him with a painful punishment.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 There is no blame for the blind, nor is there blame for the lame, nor is there blame for the sick (that they go not forth to war). And whoso obeyeth Allah and His messenger, He will make him enter Gardens underneath which rivers flow; and whoso turneth back, him will He punish with a painful doom
Edward Henry Palmer1880 There is no compulsion on the blind, and no compulsion on the lame, and no compulsion on the sick, but whoso obeys God and His Apostle, He will make him enter gardens beneath which rivers flow; but whoso turns his back He will torment with grievous woe
John Medows Rodwell1861 It shall be no crime on the part of the blind, the lame, or the sick, if they go not to the fight. But whoso shall obey God and His Apostle, he shall bring him into the gardens 'neath which the rivers flow: but whoso shall turn back, He will punish him with a sore punishment
George Sale1734 It shall be no crime in the blind, neither shall it be a crime in the lame, neither shall it be a crime in the sick, if they go not forth to war: And whoso shall obey God and his apostle, he shall lead him into gardens beneath which rivers flow; but whoso shall turn back, He will chastise him with a grievous chastisement
Talal Itani2012 God was pleased with the believers, when they pledged allegiance to you under the tree. He knew what was in their hearts, and sent down serenity upon them, and rewarded them with an imminent conquest.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 Allah was well pleased with the believers when they swore allegiance unto thee beneath the tree, and He knew what was in their hearts, and He sent down peace of reassurance on them, and hath rewarded them with a near victory
Edward Henry Palmer1880 God was well pleased with the believers when they did swear allegiance to thee beneath the tree; and He knew what was in their hearts, and He sent down His shechina upon them and rewarded them with a victory nigh at hand
John Medows Rodwell1861 Well pleased now hath God been with the believers when they plighted fealty to thee under the tree; and He knew what was in their hearts: therefore did He send down upon them a spirit of secure repose, and rewarded them with a speedy victory
George Sale1734 Now God was well pleased with the true believers, when they sware fidelity unto thee under the tree; and He knew that which was in their hearts: Wherefore He sent down on them tranquillity of mind, and rewarded them with a speedy victory
These figures count the words the translations share. They measure wording, not meaning, and they do not say which translation is right.
Derived measure: mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the
lowercased word sets of the 5 renderings above —
0.54 on a scale
where 0 means identical wording and 1 means no shared words. It is
computed, not judged.
The page says a verse is worded differently only above the cut below. The cut is a stated convention, not a property of the text, and it can be changed.
The cut
0.644
Share of measured verses above it
33%
Verses above it
2,079
Verses measured
6,236
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · John Medows Rodwell0.63
Talal Itani · John Medows Rodwell0.57
Edward Henry Palmer · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall0.57
Edward Henry Palmer · John Medows Rodwell0.56
Talal Itani · Edward Henry Palmer0.56
Talal Itani · George Sale0.54
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · George Sale0.51
Edward Henry Palmer · George Sale0.51
Talal Itani · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall0.48
John Medows Rodwell · George Sale0.42
One bar per pair of renderings, longest bar for the pair
sharing fewest words. Every pair is shown; none is singled out.
Method Wording differences — derived 13 September 2026
Method
Mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the lowercased word sets of the cleared translations of each verse. A verse is marked as worded differently when its score falls in the top third of the corpus — the cut set out in Analysis details.
As at
13 September 2026, 10:56 UTC
Gate
verify/divergence_gate.py re-derives and fails on drift
The platform does not say which is right, and does not
characterise what the difference means. The renderings are placed
together so the difference is visible; reading it is the reader's work.
7 sources
stand behind this page. Each is listed once, in the order the page first
cites it, with the licence it was cleared under and what was actually read.
Nothing on this page rests on a source that is not here.
Source Tanzil Qur'an text (Uthmani) · Uthmani, Version 1.1
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.
CLEARED. Licence read verbatim from the block embedded in this very file. Ingested exactly as shipped: no normalisation, no stripping of marks, no Unicode recomposition.
Parsed structurally from the EPUB: an h3 names the surah, one p per verse with its number in its own span. An unnumbered p is the basmala and is not a verse, except in surah 1 where the basmala IS verse 1. 112 unnumbered paragraphs were found, which is 114 surahs less surah 1 and surah 9. Text is stored VERBATIM: NFC normalisation and XML entity unescaping only, because CC BY-ND forbids modification.
CLEARED on a licence read first-hand from the translator's own download page, not from an aggregator. Tanzil also hosts this translation, but under a blanket "non-commercial purposes only" term that directs the user to the translator or publisher for permission - a hosting disclaimer, not a grant - so the grant was taken from the licensor directly. The "God" edition was ingested; ClearQuran also publishes an "Allah" edition, differing in how the divine name is rendered, which is not ingested.
CLEARED ON THE WORK, WITH TWO RECORDED CAVEATS ON THIS COPY. (1) Rights basis is the expired copyright term, NOT the redistributing repository's licence. That repository dedicates its contents to the public domain under the Unlicense while also redistributing plainly in-copyright translations (Abdel Haleem, Saheeh International, The Study Quran), so it is dedicating rights it cannot hold and its blanket grant is not relied upon here. (2) The file declares its own upstream as tanzil.net, and Tanzil attaches a non-commercial condition to its TRANSLATION distributions, though not to its Qur'anic text. Since Pickthall's copyright has expired, nobody holds rights in these words and no licence is required from anyone; Tanzil's terms are a contract binding those who download from Tanzil, which we did not. The chain is nonetheless not spotless and Anwar may prefer a clean digitisation of the 1930 printing. NOT VERIFIED: that this digital text matches the 1930 first printing rather than a later revised edition. No page images were collated. Recorded as unverified rather than presented as established. SERVED TEXT DIFFERS FROM THE CITED FILE AT ONE VERSE, 37:97: the file reads "red-hotfire" (a glued token, also in Gutenberg #16955); the served row reads "red-hot fire", restored 2026-09-13 from Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran (London: George Allen & Unwin, printed for Alfred A. Knopf; 1930), p. 460, XXXVII 97 - scan archive.org in.ernet.dli.2015.216140, PDF page 475; banked data/derivation-sources/pickthall-1930-dli-2015.216140-text.pdf (sha256 70e81146c97fa3a590243a82e04e349108546074787e2551a78c616202138870) on Anwar Malik's grant.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is not stated by the redistributor and the printing is unverified. No statement of purpose is recorded for Palmer because none was sourced from his own preface in this pass; nothing is asserted on his behalf.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. TWO edition caveats. (1) The upstream is not stated by the redistributor. (2) Rodwell's own edition PRESENTS THE SURAHS IN HIS OWN CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER, not the mushaf order — he says so in his preface. This digital text is keyed to mushaf order, so it derives from a restored-order printing (such as the Everyman edition) rather than from Rodwell's own arrangement. Which printing is not stated and has not been established.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is NOT STATED by the redistributor, so the printing it represents is unverified; Sale's text was reprinted and re-edited many times between 1734 and 1900. Recorded as unverified rather than assumed to be the first edition.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.
CLEARED. Parallel edition, held in ayah_text_variants. It sits alongside the Uthmani spine for search normalisation and is never used to correct it.