Marked words appear in this translation and in no other English translation of this verse. Common small words and older spellings are not marked. The marks show where the wording differs, not where the meaning does.
Talal Itani· published 2012
Because of that We ordained for the Children of Israel: that whoever kills a person-unless it is for murder or corruption on earth-it is as if he killed the whole of mankind; and whoever saves it, it is as if he saved the whole of mankind. Our messengers came to them with clarifications, but even after that, many of them continue to commit excesses in the land.
Translation Talal Itani, ClearQuran·Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1875–1936 · published 1930
For that cause We decreed for the Children of Israel that whosoever killeth a human being for other than manslaughter or corruption in the earth, it shall be as if he had killed all mankind, and whoso saveth the life of one, it shall be as if he had saved the life of all mankind. Our messengers came unto them of old with clear proofs (of Allah'sSovereignty), but afterwardslo! many of them becameprodigals in the earth
Sources
Translation Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran·Public domain — copyright term expired
Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran·1930 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work
·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026
Edward Henry Palmer1840–1882 · published 1880
For this cause have we prescribed to the children of Israel that whoso kills a soul, unless it be for another soul or for violence in the land, it is as though he had killed menaltogether; but whoso saves one, it is as though he saved menaltogether. Our apostles came to them with manifestsigns; then, verily, many of them did after that commit excesses in the earth
Sources
Translation Edward Henry Palmer, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
For this cause have we ordained to the children of Israel that he who slayeth any one, unless it be a person guilty of manslaughter, or of spreadingdisorders in the land, shall be as though he had slain all mankind; but that he who saveth a life, shall be as though he had saved all mankind alive. Of old our Apostles came to them with the proofs of their mission; then verily after this most of them committed excesses in the land
Sources
Translation John Medows Rodwell, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
Wherefore we commanded the children of Israel, that he who slayeth a soul, without addingthereto the murder of another soul, or without committing wickedness in the earth, shall be as if he had slain all mankind: But he who saveth a soul alive, shall be as if he had saved the lives of all mankind. Our apostles formerly came unto them, with evidentmiracles; then were many of them, after this, transgressors on the earth
Sources
Translation George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an·1734 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work
·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026
Other languages (18)Shqip · Albanian
Për këtë shkak Ne u shpallëm bijve të Israilit se, kushdo që vret ndokënd që nuk ka vrarë njeri e nuk ka bërë çrregullime në Tokë është sikurse të ketë vrarë tërë njerëzimin dhe kush shpëton një jetë është sikurse të ketë shpëtuar tërë njerëzimin. Në të vërtetë, atyre u erdhën të dërguarit Tanë me dëshmi të qarta, por edhe pas kësaj shumë nga ata tejkaluan kufijtë në Tokë.
Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5
বাংলা · Bengali
এ কারণেই আমি বানূ ইসরাঈলের ওপর এই হুকম দিলাম যে, কাউকে হত্যা করা কিংবা জমিনে ফ্যাসাদ সৃষ্টি করার কারণ ছাড়াই যদি কেউ কাউকে হত্যা করে, সে যেন সব মানুষকে হত্যা করলো। আর যে তাকে বাঁচাল, সে যেন সব মানুষকে বাঁচাল। আর অবশ্যই তাদের নিকট আমার রাসূলগণ সুস্পষ্ট নিদর্শনসমূহ নিয়ে এসেছিল। তা সত্ত্বেও তাদের অনেকেই জমিনে অবশ্যই সীমালঙ্ঘনকারী।
Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Dawah Association in Rabwah, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.2
Bosanski · Bosnian
Zbog toga smo Mi propisali sinovima Israilovim: ako neko ubije nekoga koji nije ubio nikoga, ili onoga koji na Zemlji nered ne čini – kao da je sve ljude poubijao; a ako neko bude uzrok da se nečiji život sačuva – kao da je svim ljudima život sačuvao. Naši su im poslanici jasne dokaze donosili, ali su mnogi od njih, i poslije toga, zaista, na Zemlji sve granice zla prelazili.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 2.0.4
Hrvatski · Croatian
Zbog toga smo Mi propisali sinovima Izraelovim: ako netko ubije nekoga koji nije ubio nikoga, ili onoga koji na Zemlji nered ne čini – kao da je sve ljude poubijao; a ako netko bude uzrok da se nečiji život sačuva – kao da je svim ljudima život sačuvao. Naši su im poslanici jasne dokaze donosili, ali su mnogi od njih, i poslije toga, zaista, na Zemlji sve granice zla prelazili.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1
Fulfulde · Fulani
Ko sabu ɗum min parliri e ɓiɗɓe Israa'iila ɓen, wonnde : "Kala barɗo woŋkii awaa wanaa joftanagol- gol woŋkii maa bonni ka leydi, tawat o waɗii wa barɗo yimɓe ɓeen fof, mo wuurnii ki kadi, o wa'ii wa on guurnuɗo yimɓe ɓen fof". Gooŋɗii Nulaaɓe amen ɓe gaddanii ɓe ɓanngannduyeeji, refti pellet, ko ɓuri ɗuuɗude e maɓɓe ɓaawo ɗum, ko ɓe fantimɓe( ɓurtinooɓe)ka leydi.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
ქართული · Georgian
ამ მიზეზით [პირველი მკვლელობის გამო] ჩვენ დავუწესეთ ისრაელის შვილებს: ვინც მოკლავს ადამიანს არა სხვა ადამიანის მკვლელობის გამო [არა როგორც სასჯელი მკვლელობისათვის] და არა მიწაზე ბოროტების გავრცელების გამო, — თითქოს მან ყველა ადამიანი მოკლა. ხოლო ვინც სიცოცხლეს შეუნარჩუნებს ადამიანს, — თითქოს მან ყველა ადამიანს სიცოცხლე შეუნარჩუნა. და მართლაც, ჩვენი მოციქულები უკვე მოვიდნენ მათთან [ისრაელის შვილებთან] ცხადი ნიშნებითა და მტკიცებულებებით, რომლებიც მიუთითებდნენ მათი მოწოდების ჭეშმარიტებაზე. მაგრამ ამის შემდეგაც მათგან ბევრმა აშკარად გადააჭარბა საზღვრებს მიწაზე.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.7
Deutsch · German
Aus diesem Grunde haben Wir den Kindern Israils vorgeschrieben: Wer eine Seele tötet, ohne (dass sie) einen Mord (begangen) oder auf der Erde Unheil gestiftet (hat), so ist es, als ob er alle Menschen getötet hätte. Und wer sie am Leben erhält, so ist es, als ob er alle Menschen am Leben erhält. Und Unsere Gesandten sind bereits mit klaren Beweisen zu ihnen gekommen. Danach aber sind viele von ihnen ja maßlos auf der Erde geblieben.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.15
Ελληνικά · Greek
Εξ’ αιτίας αυτού, διατάξαμε τα παιδιά του Ισραήλ, πως αν κάποιος σκοτώσει κάποιον όχι ως ανταπόδοση για κάποιο φόνο που διέπραξε ή για να εξαπλώσει το κακό στη γη, θα ήταν σαν να είχε σκοτώσει όλη την ανθρωπότητα, και αν κάποιος σώσει μια ζωή, θα ήταν σαν να έσωζε τη ζωή όλης της ανθρωπότητας. Πράγματι, ήρθαν σ’ αυτούς οι Αγγελιαφόροι Μας με ξεκάθαρες αποδείξεις, και έπειτα απ' αυτό πολλοί απ' αυτούς ακόμα αμαρτάνουν υπερβολικά στη γη.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
हिन्दी · Hindi
इसी कारण, हमने बनी इसराईल पर लिख दिया[25] कि निःसंदेह जिसने किसी प्राणी की किसी प्राणी के खून (के बदले) अथवा धरती में विद्रोह के बिना हत्या कर दी, तो मानो उसने सारे इनसानों की हत्या[26] कर दी, और जिसने उसे जीवन प्रदान किया, तो मानो उसने सारे इनसानों को जीवन प्रदान किया। तथा निःसंदेह उनके पास हमारे रसूल स्पष्ट प्रमाण लेकर आए। फिर निःसंदेह उनमें से बहुत से लोग उसके बाद भी धरती में निश्चय सीमा से आगे बढ़ने वाले हैं।
Translated by Azizul Haq Al-Omari
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.5
Italiano · Italian
Per questa ragione abbiamo prescritto ai figli d’Israīl che chi uccide un’anima non colpevole di omicidio, o chi ha portato la corruzione in terra, è come se avesse ucciso tutto il genere umano, e chi le salva la vita, è come se avesse salvato l’intero genere umano. E poi vennero loro i Nostri Messaggeri con le Evidenze; dopodiché, in verità molti di loro continuarono nei loro eccessi.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
Lietuvių · Lithuanian
32. Dėl to Mes įsakėme Israelio (Izraelio) vaikams, kad jei kas nužudo žmogų ne iš keršto dėl žmogžudystės, arba (ir) tam, kad skleistų žemėje blogybes – tai bus lyg jis nužudė visą žmoniją. O jei kas išgelbėja gyvybę, tai bus lyg jis išgelbėjo visos žmonijos gyvybes. Ir iš tiesų, vyko pas juos Mūsų Pasiuntiniai su aiškiais įrodymais, įkalčiais ir ženklais, netgi tada po to daugybė jų ir toliau perženginėjo ribas (pavyzdžiui, neteisėtai engdami ir peržengdami Allaho nustatytas ribas, darydami didžiąsias nuodėmes) žemėje!
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.0
Русский · Russian
По этой причине Мы предписали сынам Исраила: если кто убьёт человека не за [убийство другого] человека или за беззаконие на земле, тот как будто убил всех людей, а кто сохранил жизнь человеку, тот как будто сохранил жизнь всем людям. Действительно, к ним приходили Наши посланники с ясными знамениями, но многие из них и после этого продолжали преступать на земле всякую меру.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1
Српски · Serbian
Због тога смо Ми прописали Израиљевим синовима: ако неко убије некога који није убио никога, или онога који на Земљи неред не чини, као да је све људе поубијао; а ако неко буде узрок да се нечији живот сачува, као да је свим људима живот сачувао. Наши су им посланици доносили јасне доказе, али су многи од њих, и после тога, заиста, на Земљи све границе зла прелазили.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4
Kiswahili · Swahili
Kwa sababu ya hayo, tuliwaandikia Wana wa Israili ya kwamba mwenye kuiua nafsi bila ya nafsi hiyo kuiua nyingine, au kufanya uharibifu katika nchi, basi ni kama amewauwa watu wote. Na mwenye kuiweka hai, basi ni kama amewaweka hai watu wote. Na hakika walikwishawajia Mitume wetu na hoja zilizo wazi. Kisha hakika wengi katika wao baada ya haya wakawa waharibifu katika nchi.
Issued by the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5
Svenska · Swedish
Av denna orsak stadgade vi för israeliterna att om någon dödar en människa, som inte själv har dödat någon eller spridit fördärv på jorden, ska det anses som om han hade dödat hela mänskligheten. Och om någon räddar ett människoliv, ska det anses som om han hade räddat hela mänskligheten. Trots att våra sändebud kom till dem med klara bevis, fortsätter många av dem att handla gränslöst på jorden.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
Türkçe · Turkish
İşte bunun için İsrâiloğulları'na şöyle yazdık: Kim, bir nefse (haksız yere) kıyarsa veya yeryüzünde bozgunculuk çıkartmaya karşılık olmaksızın öldürürse, bütün insanları öldürmüş gibi olur. Her kim de birini (öldürmez) yaşatırsa, sanki bütün insanları yaşatmış gibi olur. Rasûllerimiz onlara açık delillerle gelmişti ama bundan sonra onların çoğu yeryüzünde aşırı gittiler.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4
اردو · Urdu
اسی وجہ سے ہم نے بنی اسرائیل پر یہ لکھ دیا کہ جو شخص کسی کو بغیر اس کے کہ وه کسی کا قاتل ہو یا زمین میں فساد مچانے واﻻ ہو، قتل کر ڈالے تو گویا اس نے تمام لوگوں کو قتل کردیا، اور جو شخص کسی ایک کی جان بچا لے، اس نے گویا تمام لوگوں کو زنده کردیا[1] اور ان کے پاس ہمارے بہت سے رسول ﻇاہر دلیلیں لے کر آئے لیکن پھر اس کے بعد بھی ان میں کے اکثر لوگ زمین میں ﻇلم و زیادتی اور زبردستی کرنے والے ہی رہے۔[2]
Translated by Muhammad Ibrahim Junagarhi, developed under the supervision of the Rowwad Translation Center. The original translation is available for the purpose of expressing opinion, evaluation, and continuous development.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.3
About these translations
5 cleared translations, newest first, by year of publication, so the modern English comes before the historical ones. That is an ordering by date, not a judgement. Each is shown complete — this platform never excerpts a translation — and each renders under its translator's name. No translation here is marked as the correct one.
Which translations appear here is set by copyright: they are the ones whose rights could be documented and cleared. The selection is not a judgement that these are the best.
About easy-read
Easy-read
Easy-read is a simplified pronunciation,
not authoritative — a rule-by-rule romanisation, not a reading.
Each verse ends in its pause form, as it is said when you stop there. Pauses inside a verse and other tajwid rules are not shown. It is derived from the Tanzil
Simple edition, while the Arabic above is the
Uthmani edition; both are cleared, but they are not the
same edition and their orthography differs.
Talal Itani2012 Then God sent a raven digging the ground, to show him how to cover his brother's corpse. He said, "Woe to me! I was unable to be like this raven, and bury my brother's corpse." So he became full of regrets.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 Then Allah sent a raven scratching up the ground, to show him how to hide his brother's naked corpse. He said: Woe unto me! Am I not able to be as this raven and so hide my brother's naked corpse? And he became repentant
Edward Henry Palmer1880 And God sent a crow to scratch in the earth and show him how he might hide his brother's shame, he said, ' Alas, for me! Am I too helpless to become like this crow and hide my brother's shame?' and in the morning he was of those who did repent
John Medows Rodwell1861 And God sent a raven which scratched upon the ground, to shew him how he might hide his brother's wrong. He said: "O woe is me! am I too weak to become like this raven, and to hide away my brother's wrong?" And he became one of the repentant
George Sale1734 And God sent a raven, which scratched the earth, to shew him how he should hide the shame of his brother, and he said, wo is me! Am I unable to be like this raven, that I may hide my brother's shame? And he became one of those who repent
Talal Itani2012 The punishment for those who fight God and His Messenger, and strive to spread corruption on earth, is that they be killed, or crucified, or have their hands and feet cut off on opposite sides, or be banished from the land. That is to disgrace them in this life; and in the Hereafter they will have a terrible punishment.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 The only reward of those who make war upon Allah and His messenger and strive after corruption in the land will be that they will be killed or crucified, or have their hands and feet on alternate sides cut off, or will be expelled out of the land. Such will be their degradation in the world, and in the Hereafter theirs will be an awful doom
Edward Henry Palmer1880 The reward of those who make war against God and His Apostle, and strive after violence in the earth, is only that they shall be slaughtered or crucified, or their hands cut off and their feet on alternate sides, or that they shall be banished from the land; - that is a disgrace for them in this world, and for them in the next is mighty woe
John Medows Rodwell1861 Only, the recompense of those who war against God and his Apostle, and go about to commit disorders on the earth, shall be that they shall be slain or crucified, or have their alternate hands and feet cut off, or be banished the land: This their disgrace in this world, and in the next a great torment shall be theirs
George Sale1734 But the recompense of those who fight against God and his apostle, and study to act corruptly in the earth, shall be, that they shall be slain, or crucified, or have their hands and their feet cut off on the opposite sides, or be banished the land. This shall be their disgrace in this world, and in the next world they shall suffer a grievous punishment
These figures count the words the translations share. They measure wording, not meaning, and they do not say which translation is right.
Derived measure: mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the
lowercased word sets of the 5 renderings above —
0.62 on a scale
where 0 means identical wording and 1 means no shared words. It is
computed, not judged.
The page says a verse is worded differently only above the cut below. The cut is a stated convention, not a property of the text, and it can be changed.
The cut
0.644
Share of measured verses above it
33%
Verses above it
2,079
Verses measured
6,236
Talal Itani · George Sale0.68
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · George Sale0.66
Edward Henry Palmer · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall0.65
Edward Henry Palmer · George Sale0.64
Talal Itani · John Medows Rodwell0.64
Talal Itani · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall0.63
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · John Medows Rodwell0.61
John Medows Rodwell · George Sale0.60
Edward Henry Palmer · John Medows Rodwell0.53
Talal Itani · Edward Henry Palmer0.53
One bar per pair of renderings, longest bar for the pair
sharing fewest words. Every pair is shown; none is singled out.
Method Wording differences — derived 13 September 2026
Method
Mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the lowercased word sets of the cleared translations of each verse. A verse is marked as worded differently when its score falls in the top third of the corpus — the cut set out in Analysis details.
As at
13 September 2026, 10:56 UTC
Gate
verify/divergence_gate.py re-derives and fails on drift
The platform does not say which is right, and does not
characterise what the difference means. The renderings are placed
together so the difference is visible; reading it is the reader's work.
7 sources
stand behind this page. Each is listed once, in the order the page first
cites it, with the licence it was cleared under and what was actually read.
Nothing on this page rests on a source that is not here.
Source Tanzil Qur'an text (Uthmani) · Uthmani, Version 1.1
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.
CLEARED. Licence read verbatim from the block embedded in this very file. Ingested exactly as shipped: no normalisation, no stripping of marks, no Unicode recomposition.
Parsed structurally from the EPUB: an h3 names the surah, one p per verse with its number in its own span. An unnumbered p is the basmala and is not a verse, except in surah 1 where the basmala IS verse 1. 112 unnumbered paragraphs were found, which is 114 surahs less surah 1 and surah 9. Text is stored VERBATIM: NFC normalisation and XML entity unescaping only, because CC BY-ND forbids modification.
CLEARED on a licence read first-hand from the translator's own download page, not from an aggregator. Tanzil also hosts this translation, but under a blanket "non-commercial purposes only" term that directs the user to the translator or publisher for permission - a hosting disclaimer, not a grant - so the grant was taken from the licensor directly. The "God" edition was ingested; ClearQuran also publishes an "Allah" edition, differing in how the divine name is rendered, which is not ingested.
CLEARED ON THE WORK, WITH TWO RECORDED CAVEATS ON THIS COPY. (1) Rights basis is the expired copyright term, NOT the redistributing repository's licence. That repository dedicates its contents to the public domain under the Unlicense while also redistributing plainly in-copyright translations (Abdel Haleem, Saheeh International, The Study Quran), so it is dedicating rights it cannot hold and its blanket grant is not relied upon here. (2) The file declares its own upstream as tanzil.net, and Tanzil attaches a non-commercial condition to its TRANSLATION distributions, though not to its Qur'anic text. Since Pickthall's copyright has expired, nobody holds rights in these words and no licence is required from anyone; Tanzil's terms are a contract binding those who download from Tanzil, which we did not. The chain is nonetheless not spotless and Anwar may prefer a clean digitisation of the 1930 printing. NOT VERIFIED: that this digital text matches the 1930 first printing rather than a later revised edition. No page images were collated. Recorded as unverified rather than presented as established. SERVED TEXT DIFFERS FROM THE CITED FILE AT ONE VERSE, 37:97: the file reads "red-hotfire" (a glued token, also in Gutenberg #16955); the served row reads "red-hot fire", restored 2026-09-13 from Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran (London: George Allen & Unwin, printed for Alfred A. Knopf; 1930), p. 460, XXXVII 97 - scan archive.org in.ernet.dli.2015.216140, PDF page 475; banked data/derivation-sources/pickthall-1930-dli-2015.216140-text.pdf (sha256 70e81146c97fa3a590243a82e04e349108546074787e2551a78c616202138870) on Anwar Malik's grant.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is not stated by the redistributor and the printing is unverified. No statement of purpose is recorded for Palmer because none was sourced from his own preface in this pass; nothing is asserted on his behalf.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. TWO edition caveats. (1) The upstream is not stated by the redistributor. (2) Rodwell's own edition PRESENTS THE SURAHS IN HIS OWN CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER, not the mushaf order — he says so in his preface. This digital text is keyed to mushaf order, so it derives from a restored-order printing (such as the Everyman edition) rather than from Rodwell's own arrangement. Which printing is not stated and has not been established.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is NOT STATED by the redistributor, so the printing it represents is unverified; Sale's text was reprinted and re-edited many times between 1734 and 1900. Recorded as unverified rather than assumed to be the first edition.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.
CLEARED. Parallel edition, held in ayah_text_variants. It sits alongside the Uthmani spine for search normalisation and is never used to correct it.