Marked words appear in this translation and in no other English translation of this verse. Common small words and older spellings are not marked. The marks show where the wording differs, not where the meaning does.
Talal Itani· published 2012
Say, "Shall I inform you of worse than that for retribution from God? He whom God has cursed, and with whom He became angry; and He turned some of them into apes, and swine, and idol worshipers. These are in a worse position, and further away from the right way."
Translation Talal Itani, ClearQuran·Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1875–1936 · published 1930
Shall I tell thee of a worse (case) than theirs for retribution with Allah? (Worse is the case of him) whom Allah hath cursed, him on whom His wrath hath fallen and of whose sortAllah hath turned some to apes and swine, and who serveth idols. Such are in worse plight and further astray from the plainroad
Sources
Translation Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran·Public domain — copyright term expired
Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran·1930 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work
·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026
Edward Henry Palmer1840–1882 · published 1880
Say, 'Can I declare unto you something worse than retribution from God?'Whomsoever God has cursed and been wroth with - and he has made of them apes and swine - and who worship Taghut, they are in a worse plight and are more erring from the level path
Sources
Translation Edward Henry Palmer, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
SAY: Can I announce to you any retribution worse than that which awaiteth them with God? They whom God hath cursed and with whom He hath been angry - some of them hath He changed into apes and swine; and they who worship Thagout are in evil plight, and have gone far astray from the right path
Sources
Translation John Medows Rodwell, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
Say, shall I denounce unto you a worse thing than this, as to the reward which ye are to expect with God? He whom God hath cursed, and with whom he hath been angry, having changed some of them into apes and swine, and who worship Taghut, they are in the worse condition, and err more widely from the straitness of the path
Sources
Translation George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an·1734 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work
·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026
Other languages (18)Shqip · Albanian
Thuaj: "A t'ju tregoj kush do të ketë dënim më të rëndë tek Allahu? Ata që i ka mallkuar Allahu dhe në të cilët është hidhëruar e i ka shndërruar disa nga ata në majmunë e derra dhe në adhurues të tagutëve[5]. Këta janë në vendin më të keq dhe janë më të humburit nga rruga e drejtë.
Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5
বাংলা · Bengali
(হে রাসূল! তাদেরকে) বল: ‘আমি কি তোমাদেরকে আল্লাহর কাছে এর চেয়েও নিকৃষ্ট পরিণতির সংবাদ দিবো কি? (তারা হলো মূলত এদেরই পূর্বসূরি) যাকে আল্লাহ লা‘নত দিয়েছেন, যার উপর তিনি ক্রোধান্বিত হয়েছেন এবং যাদের কাউকে তিনি (আকৃতি পরিবর্তন করে) বানর ও কাউকে শূকর বানিয়েছেন এবং (তাদের) কেউ তাগূতের(৮) উপাসনা করেছে। তারাই অবস্থানের দিক থেকে নিকৃষ্ট এবং সরল-সঠিক পথ থেকে সর্বাধিক বিচ্যুত।‘
Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Dawah Association in Rabwah, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.2
Bosanski · Bosnian
Reci: "Hoćete li da vam kažem koji su gori od njih i koje će Allah još teže kazniti? Oni koje je Allah prokleo i na koje se rasrdio i učinio od njih majmune, i svinje, i one koji su tagutu – šejtanu robovali – njih čeka najgore mjesto i oni su najdalje s Pravog puta odlutali."
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 2.0.4
Hrvatski · Croatian
Reci: "Hoćete li da vam kažem koji su gori od njih i koje će Allah još teže kazniti? Oni koje je Allah prokleo i na koje se rasrdio i učinio od njih majmune, i svinje, i one koji su tagutu – sotoni robovali – njih čeka najgore mjesto i oni su najdalje s Pravog puta odlutali."
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1
Fulfulde · Fulani
Maaku : "E on ngaccata mi mi humpita on ko ɓuri ɗuum ɗon bon de mbarjaari ka Alla ? Kala mo Alla Huɗi, O Tikkani on, owaɗi e maɓɓe baaɗi e girayɗi(girji),(bamɗituga) e rewooɓe bewinayɗi ɗin. Ko ɓeen ɗon ɓuri bon de nokku, ɓuri majjude kadi laawol potondirgol ngol".
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
ქართული · Georgian
უთხარი (ო, მოციქულო) მათ, ვინც ჭეშმარიტ სარწმუნოებას დასცინის: «გაცნობოთ თუ არა ის, რაც ალლაჰთან საზღაურად უფრო უარესია, ვიდრე ეს? ესენი არიან ისინი, ვინც ალლაჰმა დაწყევლა და ვისზეც განრისხდა, და რომელთაგანაც ზოგი მაიმუნებად და ღორებად აქცია, და ისინი, ვინც ცრუ ღმერთს ეთაყვანებოდნენ. ასეთები არიან ყველაზე ცუდ მდგომარეობაში
(მარადიულ ცხოვრებაში) და ყველაზე მეტად გადახვეულნი ჭეშმარიტი გზიდან (ამქვეყნად)».
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.7
Deutsch · German
Sag: „Soll ich euch kundtun, was als Belohnung bei Allah (noch) schlechter ist? Diejenigen, die Allah verflucht hat und denen Er zürnt und aus denen Er Affen und Schweine gemacht hat und dem Taghut (also den falschen Gottheiten) dienen.“ Jene befinden sich in einer (noch) schlechteren Lage und sind (noch) weiter vom rechten Weg abgeirrt.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.15
Ελληνικά · Greek
Πες (ω, Μωχάμμαντ στους πιστούς): «Να σας ενημερώσω γι' εκείνους που θα έχουν χειρότερη τιμωρία από τον Αλλάχ (απ' αυτούς τους ανυπάκουους); Είναι εκείνοι (οι πρόγονοί τους) που τους καταράστηκε ο Αλλάχ και υπέστησαν την οργή Του, και από τους οποίους μετέτρεψε κάποιους σε πιθήκους και χοίρους, και οι οποίοι λατρεύαν άλλους εκτός του Αλλάχ. Εκείνοι θα έχουν τη χειρότερη θέση (κατά τη Μέλλουσα Ζωή) και είναι εκείνοι που παραστράτησαν από τον ίσιο δρόμο (στην εγκόσμια ζωή).»
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
हिन्दी · Hindi
आप कह दें : क्या मैं तुम्हें अल्लाह के निकट इससे अधिक बुरा बदला वाले लोग बताऊँ, वे लोग जिनपर अल्लाह ने ला'नत की और जिनपर क्रोधित हुआ, और जिनमें से बंदर और सूअर बना दिए और जिन्होंने 'ताग़ूत' की पूजा की। ये लोग दर्जे में अधिक बुरे तथा सीधे मार्ग से अधिक भटके हुए हैं।
Translated by Azizul Haq Al-Omari
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.5
Italiano · Italian
Di’: «Volete che v’informi di cos’è peggiore di questo, come punizione da parte di Allāh? Quelli che Allāh ha maledetto e a cui ha esteso la Sua ira, e che ha trasformato in scimmie e in maiali, e gli adoratori di idoli, quelli saranno nel luogo peggiore e saranno lontani dalla retta via!»
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
Lietuvių · Lithuanian
60. Sakyk (Muchammedai ﷺ) Rašto žmonėms): „Ar man pranešti jums kai ką blogiau, nei tai, apie atlygį iš Allaho: tie (judėjai), kurie užsitraukė Allaho Prakeiksmą ir Jo Pyktį, ir tie iš tų, kuriuos (kai kuriuos) Jis pavertė beždžionėmis ir kiaulėmis, ir tie, kurie garbino Taghūt [11] (netikras dievybes), - tokie yra žemiausiame lygyje (Pragaro Ugnyje Prikėlimo Dieną), ir dar labiau nuklydę nuo Teisingo Kelio (šiame žemiškajame gyvenime).“
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.8
Afaan Oromoo · Oromo
Jedhi: "Sila kan adabbiin isaa Rabbiin biratti san caalaa hamaa ta’e isiniif himuu? (inni sun) Nama Rabbiin isa abaareefi isa irratti dallane, kan isaan irraa jaldeessaafi booyye taasise, isaan xaaghuuta (gabbaramtoota Rabbiin malee) gabbaran, isaan sun warra (Aakhiratti) iddoon isaanii hamaa ta'ee, irra jallatoowwani karaa qajeelarraa."
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.0
Русский · Russian
Скажи: «Сообщить ли вам о худшем, чем это, воздаянии у Аллаха? — О тех, кого проклял Аллах, на кого Он разгневался, и кого из них сделал обезьянами и свиньями, и [тех, кто] поклонялся тагуту. Такие — худшие по положению и более сбившиеся с прямого пути».
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1
Српски · Serbian
Реци: „Хоћете ли да вам кажем ко су гори од њих и које ће Аллах још теже да казни? Они које је Аллах проклео и на које се расрдио и учинио од њих мајмуне, и свиње, и оне који су обожавали ђавола - њих чека најгоре место и они су најдаље одлутали са Правог пута.“
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4
Kiswahili · Swahili
Sema: Je, niwaambie lililo baya zaidi kuliko hilo katika malipo mbele ya Mwenyezi Mungu? Ni yule ambaye Mwenyezi Mungu alimlaani na akamkasirikia, na akawafanya miongoni mwao manyani na nguruwe, na wakamuabudu Shetani. Hao ndio wenye mahali pabaya zaidi na waliopotea zaidi njia iliyo sawa.
Issued by the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5
Svenska · Swedish
Säg: ”Ska jag berätta för er vilka som ska få ett ännu hårdare straff av Gud än dessa? Det är de som Gud fördömde och över vilka hans vrede vilade. Han gjorde vissa av dem till apor och grisar, och de dyrkade falska gudar. Deras ställning är värre, och de har kommit längst bort från den raka vägen.”
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
Türkçe · Turkish
De ki: “Allah katında cezası bundan daha kötü olanı size haber vereyim mi? Allah'ın lânet ettiği, gazapta bulunduğu, kendilerinden maymunlar ve domuzlar kıldığı ve tağuta kulluk eden kimse. İşte onlar yeri en kötü ve de doğru yoldan en çok sapmış olanlardır.”
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4
اردو · Urdu
کہہ دیجیئے کہ کیا میں تمہیں بتاؤں؟ کہ اس سے بھی زیاده برے اجر پانے واﻻ اللہ تعالیٰ کے نزدیک کون ہے؟ وه جس پر اللہ تعالیٰ نے لعنت کی اور اس پر وه غصہ ہوا اور ان میں سے بعض کو بندر اور سور بنا دیا اور جنہوں نے معبودان باطل کی پرستش کی، یہی لوگ بدتر درجے والے ہیں اور یہی راه راست سے بہت زیاده بھٹکنے والے ہیں۔[1]
Translated by Muhammad Ibrahim Junagarhi, developed under the supervision of the Rowwad Translation Center. The original translation is available for the purpose of expressing opinion, evaluation, and continuous development.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.3
About these translations
5 cleared translations, newest first, by year of publication, so the modern English comes before the historical ones. That is an ordering by date, not a judgement. Each is shown complete — this platform never excerpts a translation — and each renders under its translator's name. No translation here is marked as the correct one.
Which translations appear here is set by copyright: they are the ones whose rights could be documented and cleared. The selection is not a judgement that these are the best.
About easy-read
Easy-read
Easy-read is a simplified pronunciation,
not authoritative — a rule-by-rule romanisation, not a reading.
Each verse ends in its pause form, as it is said when you stop there. Pauses inside a verse and other tajwid rules are not shown. It is derived from the Tanzil
Simple edition, while the Arabic above is the
Uthmani edition; both are cleared, but they are not the
same edition and their orthography differs.
Talal Itani2012 When you call to the prayer, they take it as a joke and a trifle. That is because they are people who do not reason.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 And when ye call to prayer they take it for a jest and sport. That is because they are a folk who understand not
Edward Henry Palmer1880 Nor those who, when ye call to prayer, take it for a jest and a sport; that is because they are a people who do not understand
John Medows Rodwell1861 Nor those who when ye call to prayer, make it an object of raillery and derision. This they do because they are a people who understand not
George Sale1734 nor those who, when ye call to prayer, make a laughing-stock and a jest of it, this they do, because they are people who do not understand
Easy-read (simplified)qul yaa ahla l-kitaabi hal tanqimoona minnaa illaa an aamannaa billaahi wamaa unzila ilaynaa wamaa unzila min qablu wa'anna aktharakum faasiqoon
DIN 31635qul yā ʾahla l-kitābi hal tanqimūna minnā ʾillā ʾan ʾāmannā billāhi wamā ʾunzila ʾilaynā wamā ʾunzila min qablu waʾanna ʾakṯarakum fāsiqūna
Talal Itani2012 Say, "O People of the Scripture! Do you resent us only because we believe in God, and in what was revealed to us, and in what was revealed previously; and most of you are sinners?"
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 Say: O People of the Scripture! Do ye blame us for aught else than that we believe in Allah and that which is revealed unto us and that which was revealed aforetime, and because most of you are evil-livers
Edward Henry Palmer1880 Say, 'O people of the Book! do ye disavow us, for aught but that we believe in God, and what was revealed to us before, and for that most of you are evildoers
John Medows Rodwell1861 SAY: O people of the Book! do ye not disavow us only because we believe in God, and in what He hath sent down to us, and in what He hath sent down aforetime, and because most of you are doers of ill
George Sale1734 Say, O ye who have received the scriptures, do ye reject us for any other reason than because we believe in God, and that revelation which hath been sent down unto us, and that which was formerly sent down, and for that the greater part of you are transgressors
DIN 31635waʾiḏā ǧāʾūkum qālū ʾāmannā waqad daḫalū bil-kufri wahum qad ḫaraǧū bihi wallāhu ʾaʿlamu bimā kānū yaktumūna
The translators word this verse differently
Talal Itani2012 When they come to you, they say, "We believe," though they have entered with disbelief, and they have departed with it. But God is well aware of what they hide.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 When they come unto you (Muslims), they say: We believe; but they came in unbelief and they went out in the same; and Allah knoweth best what they were hiding
Edward Henry Palmer1880 When they come to you they say, 'We believe;' but they entered in with unbelief, and they went out therewith, and God knows best what they did hide
John Medows Rodwell1861 When they presented themselves to you they said, "We believe;" but Infidels they came in unto you, and Infidels they went forth! God well knew what they concealed
George Sale1734 When they came unto you, they said, we believe: Yet they entered into your company with infidelity, and went forth from you with the same; but God well knew what they concealed
Talal Itani2012 You see many of them competing with one another in sin and hostility, and their consuming of what is illicit. What they have been doing is truly evil.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 And thou seest many of them vying one with another in sin and transgression and their devouring of illicit gain. Verily evil is what they do
Edward Henry Palmer1880 Thou wilt see many of them vieing in sin and enmity, and in eating unlawful things, - evil is it that they have done
John Medows Rodwell1861 Many of them shalt thou see hastening together to wickedness and malice, and to eat unlawful things. Shame on them for what they have done
George Sale1734 Thou shalt see many of them hastening unto iniquity and malice, and to eat things forbidden; and woe unto them for what they have done
These figures count the words the translations share. They measure wording, not meaning, and they do not say which translation is right.
Derived measure: mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the
lowercased word sets of the 5 renderings above —
0.63 on a scale
where 0 means identical wording and 1 means no shared words. It is
computed, not judged.
The page says a verse is worded differently only above the cut below. The cut is a stated convention, not a property of the text, and it can be changed.
The cut
0.644
Share of measured verses above it
33%
Verses above it
2,079
Verses measured
6,236
Edward Henry Palmer · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall0.74
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · George Sale0.72
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · John Medows Rodwell0.69
Talal Itani · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall0.66
Talal Itani · Edward Henry Palmer0.63
Talal Itani · George Sale0.62
Edward Henry Palmer · John Medows Rodwell0.58
Talal Itani · John Medows Rodwell0.58
Edward Henry Palmer · George Sale0.55
John Medows Rodwell · George Sale0.50
One bar per pair of renderings, longest bar for the pair
sharing fewest words. Every pair is shown; none is singled out.
Method Wording differences — derived 13 September 2026
Method
Mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the lowercased word sets of the cleared translations of each verse. A verse is marked as worded differently when its score falls in the top third of the corpus — the cut set out in Analysis details.
As at
13 September 2026, 10:56 UTC
Gate
verify/divergence_gate.py re-derives and fails on drift
The platform does not say which is right, and does not
characterise what the difference means. The renderings are placed
together so the difference is visible; reading it is the reader's work.
7 sources
stand behind this page. Each is listed once, in the order the page first
cites it, with the licence it was cleared under and what was actually read.
Nothing on this page rests on a source that is not here.
Source Tanzil Qur'an text (Uthmani) · Uthmani, Version 1.1
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.
CLEARED. Licence read verbatim from the block embedded in this very file. Ingested exactly as shipped: no normalisation, no stripping of marks, no Unicode recomposition.
Parsed structurally from the EPUB: an h3 names the surah, one p per verse with its number in its own span. An unnumbered p is the basmala and is not a verse, except in surah 1 where the basmala IS verse 1. 112 unnumbered paragraphs were found, which is 114 surahs less surah 1 and surah 9. Text is stored VERBATIM: NFC normalisation and XML entity unescaping only, because CC BY-ND forbids modification.
CLEARED on a licence read first-hand from the translator's own download page, not from an aggregator. Tanzil also hosts this translation, but under a blanket "non-commercial purposes only" term that directs the user to the translator or publisher for permission - a hosting disclaimer, not a grant - so the grant was taken from the licensor directly. The "God" edition was ingested; ClearQuran also publishes an "Allah" edition, differing in how the divine name is rendered, which is not ingested.
CLEARED ON THE WORK, WITH TWO RECORDED CAVEATS ON THIS COPY. (1) Rights basis is the expired copyright term, NOT the redistributing repository's licence. That repository dedicates its contents to the public domain under the Unlicense while also redistributing plainly in-copyright translations (Abdel Haleem, Saheeh International, The Study Quran), so it is dedicating rights it cannot hold and its blanket grant is not relied upon here. (2) The file declares its own upstream as tanzil.net, and Tanzil attaches a non-commercial condition to its TRANSLATION distributions, though not to its Qur'anic text. Since Pickthall's copyright has expired, nobody holds rights in these words and no licence is required from anyone; Tanzil's terms are a contract binding those who download from Tanzil, which we did not. The chain is nonetheless not spotless and Anwar may prefer a clean digitisation of the 1930 printing. NOT VERIFIED: that this digital text matches the 1930 first printing rather than a later revised edition. No page images were collated. Recorded as unverified rather than presented as established. SERVED TEXT DIFFERS FROM THE CITED FILE AT ONE VERSE, 37:97: the file reads "red-hotfire" (a glued token, also in Gutenberg #16955); the served row reads "red-hot fire", restored 2026-09-13 from Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran (London: George Allen & Unwin, printed for Alfred A. Knopf; 1930), p. 460, XXXVII 97 - scan archive.org in.ernet.dli.2015.216140, PDF page 475; banked data/derivation-sources/pickthall-1930-dli-2015.216140-text.pdf (sha256 70e81146c97fa3a590243a82e04e349108546074787e2551a78c616202138870) on Anwar Malik's grant.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is not stated by the redistributor and the printing is unverified. No statement of purpose is recorded for Palmer because none was sourced from his own preface in this pass; nothing is asserted on his behalf.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. TWO edition caveats. (1) The upstream is not stated by the redistributor. (2) Rodwell's own edition PRESENTS THE SURAHS IN HIS OWN CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER, not the mushaf order — he says so in his preface. This digital text is keyed to mushaf order, so it derives from a restored-order printing (such as the Everyman edition) rather than from Rodwell's own arrangement. Which printing is not stated and has not been established.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is NOT STATED by the redistributor, so the printing it represents is unverified; Sale's text was reprinted and re-edited many times between 1734 and 1900. Recorded as unverified rather than assumed to be the first edition.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.
CLEARED. Parallel edition, held in ayah_text_variants. It sits alongside the Uthmani spine for search normalisation and is never used to correct it.