عَالَمِين AALAMIN Read the Qur'an in context Read the Qur'an

The verseSource fact

25:48

وَهُوَ ٱلَّذِىٓ أَرْسَلَ ٱلرِّيَٰحَ بُشْرًۢا بَيْنَ يَدَىْ رَحْمَتِهِۦ وَأَنزَلْنَا مِنَ ٱلسَّمَآءِ مَآءً طَهُورًا

Easy-read · not authoritative

Easy-read (simplified)wahuwa lladhee arsala r-riyaaha bushran bayna yaday rahmatihi wa'anzalnaa mina s-samaa'i maa'an tahooraa

DIN 31635wahuwa llaḏī ʾarsala r-riyāḥa bušran bayna yaday raḥmatihi waʾanzalnā mina s-samāʾi māʾan ṭahūran

EditionTanzil Qur'an text (Uthmani) ·Creative Commons Attribution 3.0

TranslationsSource fact

Marked words appear in this translation and in no other English translation of this verse. Common small words and older spellings are not marked. The marks show where the wording differs, not where the meaning does.

Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall 1875–1936 · published 1930

And He it is Who sendeth the winds, glad tidings heralding His mercy, and We send down purifying water from the sky

Sources

Translation Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran·Public domain — copyright term expired

Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran ·1930 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work ·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026

Edward Henry Palmer 1840–1882 · published 1880

And He it is who sent the winds with glad tidings before His mercy; and we send down from the heavens pure water

Sources

Translation Edward Henry Palmer, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired

Edward Henry Palmer, English translation of the Qur'an ·1880 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work ·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026

John Medows Rodwell 1808–1900 · published 1861

He it is who sendeth the winds as the forerunner of his mercy (rain); and pure water send we down from Heaven

Sources

Translation John Medows Rodwell, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired

John Medows Rodwell, English translation of the Qur'an ·1861 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work ·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026

George Sale 1697–1736 · published 1734

It is He who sendeth the winds, driving abroad the pregnant clouds, as the forerunners of his mercy: And We send down pure water from heaven

Sources

Translation George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired

George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an ·1734 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work ·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026

Other languages (18)
Shqip · Albanian

Është Ai që i dërgon erërat si sihariqtarë para (zbritjes së) mëshirës së Tij. Dhe Ne lëshojmë nga qielli ujë të pastër,

Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5

বাংলা · Bengali

আর তিনিই তাঁর রহমতের (বৃষ্টি নাযিল হওয়ার) প্রাক্কালে সুসংবাদস্বরূপ বায়ু প্রেরণ করেন এবং আমি আকাশ থেকে পবিত্র (বৃষ্টির) পানি বর্ষণ করি।

Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Dawah Association in Rabwah, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.2

Bosanski · Bosnian

I On šalje vjetrove kao radosnu vijest, kao prethodnicu milosti Svoje; i Mi s neba čistu vodu spuštamo,

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 2.0.4

Hrvatski · Croatian

I On šalje vjetrove kao radosnu vijest, kao prethodnicu milosti Svoje; i Mi s neba čistu vodu spuštamo,

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1

Fulfulde · Fulani

Ko Kaŋko woni On gaccituɗo keni ɗin ko ɗi weltinooji hakkunde Yurmeende makko nden, Min njippini immorde ka kammu ndiyam laaɓɗam.

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2

ქართული · Georgian

იგია [მხოლოდ] [ალლაჰი], რომელმაც წარმოგზავნა ქარი სამახარობლოდ თავისი წყალობისა. და გარდმოვავლინეთ ციდან სუფთა წყალი [წვიმა],

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.7

Deutsch · German

Und Er ist es, Der die Winde zuvor als Frohboten Seiner Barmherzigkeit voraussendet. Und Wir lassen vom Himmel reines Wasser herabkommen,

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.15

Ελληνικά · Greek

Είναι Αυτός που στέλνει τους ανέμους, ως χαρμόσυνα νέα πριν το έλεός Του (τη βροχή). Και στέλνουμε από τον ουρανό καθαρό νερό,

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2

हिन्दी · Hindi

तथा वही है जिसने हवाओं को अपनी रहमत से पहले शुभ सूचना बनाकर भेजा। और हमने आसमान से पाक करने वाला पानी उतारा।

Translated by Azizul Haq Al-Omari

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.5

Italiano · Italian

Ed è Lui che ha inviato i venti, come buon annuncio, a preannunciare la Sua misericordia. E abbiamo fatto cadere dal cielo acqua pura

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2

Lietuvių · Lithuanian

48. Ir tai Jis, Kuris siunčia vėjus kaip gerų žinių pranašus, atvykstančius prieš Jo Gailestingumą (lietų). Ir Mes nuleidžiame tyrą vandenį iš dangaus.

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.8

Afaan Oromoo · Oromo

Inni Isa rahmata isaa (rooba) dura qilleensa gammachiisaa godhee ergeedha. Samii irraa bishaan qulqulleessaa buusne.

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.0

Русский · Russian

И Он — Тот, Кто послал ветры благовестниками перед Своей милостью. И Мы ниспослали с небес чистую воду,

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1

Српски · Serbian

И Он је Тај Који шаље ветрове као радосну вест, као претходницу Своје Милости; и Ми са неба чисту воду спуштамо

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4

Kiswahili · Swahili

Naye ndiye anayezituma pepo kuwa bishara njema kabla ya rehema yake, na tunayateremsha kutoka mbinguni maji safi.

Issued by the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5

Svenska · Swedish

Och det är han som sänder vindar som en föraning om sin nåd, och från skyn låter vi rent vatten falla,

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2

Türkçe · Turkish

Rahmetinin öncesinde rüzgarları bir müjdeci olarak gönderen de O'dur. Biz gökten tertemiz su indirdik.

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4

اردو · Urdu

اور وہی ہے جو باران رحمت سے پہلے خوش خبری دینے والی ہواؤں کو بھیجتا ہے اور ہم آسمان سے پاک پانی برساتے ہیں.[1]

Translated by Muhammad Ibrahim Junagarhi, developed under the supervision of the Rowwad Translation Center. The original translation is available for the purpose of expressing opinion, evaluation, and continuous development.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.3

About these translations

5 cleared translations, newest first, by year of publication, so the modern English comes before the historical ones. That is an ordering by date, not a judgement. Each is shown complete — this platform never excerpts a translation — and each renders under its translator's name. No translation here is marked as the correct one.

Which translations appear here is set by copyright: they are the ones whose rights could be documented and cleared. The selection is not a judgement that these are the best.

About easy-read

Easy-read is a simplified pronunciation, not authoritative — a rule-by-rule romanisation, not a reading. Each verse ends in its pause form, as it is said when you stop there. Pauses inside a verse and other tajwid rules are not shown. It is derived from the Tanzil Simple edition, while the Arabic above is the Uthmani edition; both are cleared, but they are not the same edition and their orthography differs.

The verses around this oneSource fact

shown so it's never read alone

25:46

ثُمَّ قَبَضْنَٰهُ إِلَيْنَا قَبْضًا يَسِيرًا

Easy-read · not authoritative

Easy-read (simplified)thumma qabadnaahu ilaynaa qabdan yaseeraa

DIN 31635ṯumma qabaḍnāhu ʾilaynā qabḍan yasīran

The translators word this verse differently

Talal Itani2012 Then We withdraw it towards Us gradually.

Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 Then We withdraw it unto Us, a gradual withdrawal

Edward Henry Palmer1880 then we contract it towards us with an easy contraction

John Medows Rodwell1861 Then draw it in unto Us with easy indrawing

George Sale1734 and afterwards We contract it by an easy and gradual contraction

25:47

وَهُوَ ٱلَّذِى جَعَلَ لَكُمُ ٱلَّيْلَ لِبَاسًا وَٱلنَّوْمَ سُبَاتًا وَجَعَلَ ٱلنَّهَارَ نُشُورًا

Easy-read · not authoritative

Easy-read (simplified)wahuwa lladhee ja'ala lakumu llayla libaasan wan-nawma subaatan waja'ala n-nahaara nushooraa

DIN 31635wahuwa llaḏī ǧaʿala lakumu llayla libāsan wan-nawma subātan waǧaʿala n-nahāra nušūran

Talal Itani2012 And it is He who made the night a covering for you, and sleep for rest; and He made the day a revival.

Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 And He it is Who maketh night a covering for you, and sleep repose, and maketh day a resurrection

Edward Henry Palmer1880 And He it is who made the night for a garment; and sleep for repose, and made the day for men to rise up again

John Medows Rodwell1861 He it is who ordaineth the night as a garment, and sleep for rest, and ordaineth the day for waking up to life

George Sale1734 It is He who hath ordained the night to cover you as a garment; and sleep to give you rest; and hath ordained the day for waking

25:48 — the verse above

25:49

لِّنُحْـِۧىَ بِهِۦ بَلْدَةً مَّيْتًا وَنُسْقِيَهُۥ مِمَّا خَلَقْنَآ أَنْعَٰمًا وَأَنَاسِىَّ كَثِيرًا

Easy-read · not authoritative

Easy-read (simplified)linuhyiya bihi baldatan maytan wanusqiyahu mimmaa khalaqnaa an'aaman wa'anaasiyya katheeraa

DIN 31635linuḥyiya bihi baldatan maytan wanusqiyahu mimmā ḫalaqnā ʾanʿāman waʾanāsiyya kaṯīran

The translators word this verse differently

Talal Itani2012 To revive dead lands thereby, and to provide drink for the multitude of animals and humans We created.

Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 That We may give life thereby to a dead land, and We give many beasts and men that We have created to drink thereof

Edward Henry Palmer1880 to quicken therewith the dead country, and to give it for drink to what we have created,- the cattle and many folk

John Medows Rodwell1861 That we may revive by it a dead land: and we give it for drink to our creation, beasts and men in numbers

George Sale1734 that We may thereby revive a dead country, and give to drink thereof unto what We have created, both of cattle and men, in great numbers

25:50

وَلَقَدْ صَرَّفْنَٰهُ بَيْنَهُمْ لِيَذَّكَّرُوا۟ فَأَبَىٰٓ أَكْثَرُ ٱلنَّاسِ إِلَّا كُفُورًا

Easy-read · not authoritative

Easy-read (simplified)walaqad sarrafnaahu baynahum liyadhdhakkaroo fa'abaa aktharu n-naasi illaa kufooraa

DIN 31635walaqad ṣarrafnāhu baynahum liyaḏḏakkarū faʾabā ʾakṯaru n-nāsi ʾillā kufūran

The translators word this verse differently

Talal Itani2012 We have circulated it among them, that they may reflect, but most people persist in thanklessness.

Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 And verily We have repeated it among them that they may remember, but most of mankind begrudge aught save ingratitude

Edward Henry Palmer1880 We have turned it in various ways amongst them that they may remember; though most men refuse aught but to misbelieve

John Medows Rodwell1861 And we distribute it among them on all sides, that they may reflect: but most men refuse to be aught but thankless

George Sale1734 and We distribute the same among them at various times, that they may consider: But the greater part of men refuse to consider, only out of ingratitude

Sources

EditionTanzil Qur'an text (Uthmani) ·Uthmani, Version 1.1·Tanzil Project ·Creative Commons Attribution 3.0·retrieved 24 Aug 2026

Parallel edition — Simple, Version 1.1

وَهُوَ الَّذِي أَرْسَلَ الرِّيَاحَ بُشْرًا بَيْنَ يَدَيْ رَحْمَتِهِ وَأَنزَلْنَا مِنَ السَّمَاءِ مَاءً طَهُورًا

EditionTanzil Qur'an text (Simple) ·Simple, Version 1.1·Tanzil Project ·Creative Commons Attribution 3.0·retrieved 24 Aug 2026

Analysis detailsDerived

These figures count the words the translations share. They measure wording, not meaning, and they do not say which translation is right.

Derived measure: mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the lowercased word sets of the 5 renderings above — 0.42 on a scale where 0 means identical wording and 1 means no shared words. It is computed, not judged.

The page says a verse is worded differently only above the cut below. The cut is a stated convention, not a property of the text, and it can be changed.

The cut
0.644
Share of measured verses above it
33%
Verses above it
2,079
Verses measured
6,236
Edward Henry Palmer · George Sale 0.50
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · George Sale 0.48
Talal Itani · George Sale 0.45
Edward Henry Palmer · John Medows Rodwell 0.44
Talal Itani · Edward Henry Palmer 0.44
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · John Medows Rodwell 0.42
Talal Itani · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall 0.42
Talal Itani · John Medows Rodwell 0.38
Edward Henry Palmer · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall 0.36
John Medows Rodwell · George Sale 0.27

One bar per pair of renderings, longest bar for the pair sharing fewest words. Every pair is shown; none is singled out.

Method Wording differences — derived 13 September 2026
Method
Mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the lowercased word sets of the cleared translations of each verse. A verse is marked as worded differently when its score falls in the top third of the corpus — the cut set out in Analysis details.
As at
13 September 2026, 10:56 UTC
Gate
verify/divergence_gate.py re-derives and fails on drift

The platform does not say which is right, and does not characterise what the difference means. The renderings are placed together so the difference is visible; reading it is the reader's work.

Easy-read

SourceTanzil Qur'an text (Simple) ·Simple, Version 1.1·Tanzil Project ·Creative Commons Attribution 3.0·retrieved 24 Aug 2026

SourceTanzil Qur'an text (Simple) ·Simple, Version 1.1·Tanzil Project ·Creative Commons Attribution 3.0·retrieved 24 Aug 2026

ReceiptsSource fact

7 sources stand behind this page. Each is listed once, in the order the page first cites it, with the licence it was cleared under and what was actually read. Nothing on this page rests on a source that is not here.

Source Tanzil Qur'an text (Uthmani) · Uthmani, Version 1.1
Edition
Uthmani, Version 1.1
Custodian
Tanzil Project
Layer
canonical text
Licence
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0
Licence URL
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Commercial use
yes
Modification
contradictory
Licence text
read verbatim
Review state
cleared
Retrieved
24 August 2026
Digest
203f0f1bf3158b1e5be4ab9f8f6870e5…
Located at
https://tanzil.net/pub/download/index.php?quranType=uthmani&outType=xml
Convention
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.

CLEARED. Licence read verbatim from the block embedded in this very file. Ingested exactly as shipped: no normalisation, no stripping of marks, no Unicode recomposition.

Every source and rights decision →

Source Talal Itani, ClearQuran · ClearQuran, "God" edition, EPUB
Edition
ClearQuran, "God" edition, EPUB
Custodian
Talal Itani / ClearQuran.com
Layer
translation
Licence
Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
Licence URL
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/
Commercial use
yes
Modification
no
Licence text
terms page read
Review state
cleared
Retrieved
7 September 2026
Digest
70b0a8bb6f862f43670f7da1c0da59a4…
Located at
https://www.clearquran.com/downloads/quran-in-english-clearquran.epub
Convention
Parsed structurally from the EPUB: an h3 names the surah, one p per verse with its number in its own span. An unnumbered p is the basmala and is not a verse, except in surah 1 where the basmala IS verse 1. 112 unnumbered paragraphs were found, which is 114 surahs less surah 1 and surah 9. Text is stored VERBATIM: NFC normalisation and XML entity unescaping only, because CC BY-ND forbids modification.

CLEARED on a licence read first-hand from the translator's own download page, not from an aggregator. Tanzil also hosts this translation, but under a blanket "non-commercial purposes only" term that directs the user to the translator or publisher for permission - a hosting disclaimer, not a grant - so the grant was taken from the licensor directly. The "God" edition was ingested; ClearQuran also publishes an "Allah" edition, differing in how the divine name is rendered, which is not ingested.

Every source and rights decision →

Source Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran · 1930 translation, digital edition of unverified printing
Edition
1930 translation, digital edition of unverified printing
Custodian
None — public domain work
Layer
translation
Licence
Public domain — copyright term expired
Licence URL
— none published —
Commercial use
yes
Modification
yes
Licence text
not applicable — no licence exists
Review state
cleared
Retrieved
24 August 2026
Digest
aaff752d4349005282d977eebb863982…
Located at
https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/fawazahmed0/quran-api@6be8e17f2a0c13b1f33b1c3057f73cb28d5e848e/editions/eng-mohammedmarmadu.json

CLEARED ON THE WORK, WITH TWO RECORDED CAVEATS ON THIS COPY. (1) Rights basis is the expired copyright term, NOT the redistributing repository's licence. That repository dedicates its contents to the public domain under the Unlicense while also redistributing plainly in-copyright translations (Abdel Haleem, Saheeh International, The Study Quran), so it is dedicating rights it cannot hold and its blanket grant is not relied upon here. (2) The file declares its own upstream as tanzil.net, and Tanzil attaches a non-commercial condition to its TRANSLATION distributions, though not to its Qur'anic text. Since Pickthall's copyright has expired, nobody holds rights in these words and no licence is required from anyone; Tanzil's terms are a contract binding those who download from Tanzil, which we did not. The chain is nonetheless not spotless and Anwar may prefer a clean digitisation of the 1930 printing. NOT VERIFIED: that this digital text matches the 1930 first printing rather than a later revised edition. No page images were collated. Recorded as unverified rather than presented as established. SERVED TEXT DIFFERS FROM THE CITED FILE AT ONE VERSE, 37:97: the file reads "red-hotfire" (a glued token, also in Gutenberg #16955); the served row reads "red-hot fire", restored 2026-09-13 from Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran (London: George Allen & Unwin, printed for Alfred A. Knopf; 1930), p. 460, XXXVII 97 - scan archive.org in.ernet.dli.2015.216140, PDF page 475; banked data/derivation-sources/pickthall-1930-dli-2015.216140-text.pdf (sha256 70e81146c97fa3a590243a82e04e349108546074787e2551a78c616202138870) on Anwar Malik's grant.

Every source and rights decision →

Source Edward Henry Palmer, English translation of the Qur'an · 1880 translation, digital edition of unverified printing
Edition
1880 translation, digital edition of unverified printing
Custodian
None — public domain work
Layer
translation
Licence
Public domain — copyright term expired
Licence URL
— none published —
Commercial use
yes
Modification
yes
Licence text
not applicable — no licence exists
Review state
cleared
Retrieved
24 August 2026
Digest
32b2330e332339ace53509539efe9040…
Located at
https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/fawazahmed0/quran-api@6be8e17f2a0c13b1f33b1c3057f73cb28d5e848e/editions/eng-edwardhenrypalm.json
Convention
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.

CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is not stated by the redistributor and the printing is unverified. No statement of purpose is recorded for Palmer because none was sourced from his own preface in this pass; nothing is asserted on his behalf.

Every source and rights decision →

Source John Medows Rodwell, English translation of the Qur'an · 1861 translation, digital edition of unverified printing
Edition
1861 translation, digital edition of unverified printing
Custodian
None — public domain work
Layer
translation
Licence
Public domain — copyright term expired
Licence URL
— none published —
Commercial use
yes
Modification
yes
Licence text
not applicable — no licence exists
Review state
cleared
Retrieved
24 August 2026
Digest
91423dea6a6dccc192457870ed2c08fb…
Located at
https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/fawazahmed0/quran-api@6be8e17f2a0c13b1f33b1c3057f73cb28d5e848e/editions/eng-johnmedowsrodwe.json
Convention
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.

CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. TWO edition caveats. (1) The upstream is not stated by the redistributor. (2) Rodwell's own edition PRESENTS THE SURAHS IN HIS OWN CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER, not the mushaf order — he says so in his preface. This digital text is keyed to mushaf order, so it derives from a restored-order printing (such as the Everyman edition) rather than from Rodwell's own arrangement. Which printing is not stated and has not been established.

Every source and rights decision →

Source George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an · 1734 translation, digital edition of unverified printing
Edition
1734 translation, digital edition of unverified printing
Custodian
None — public domain work
Layer
translation
Licence
Public domain — copyright term expired
Licence URL
— none published —
Commercial use
yes
Modification
yes
Licence text
not applicable — no licence exists
Review state
cleared
Retrieved
24 August 2026
Digest
05b679f5df49b0579e65f4b83b4c7235…
Located at
https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/fawazahmed0/quran-api@6be8e17f2a0c13b1f33b1c3057f73cb28d5e848e/editions/eng-georgesale.json
Convention
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.

CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is NOT STATED by the redistributor, so the printing it represents is unverified; Sale's text was reprinted and re-edited many times between 1734 and 1900. Recorded as unverified rather than assumed to be the first edition.

Every source and rights decision →

Source Tanzil Qur'an text (Simple) · Simple, Version 1.1
Edition
Simple, Version 1.1
Custodian
Tanzil Project
Layer
canonical text
Licence
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0
Licence URL
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Commercial use
yes
Modification
contradictory
Licence text
read verbatim
Review state
cleared
Retrieved
24 August 2026
Digest
d9b5bad94e4725191aa8da9a0404bd8e…
Located at
https://tanzil.net/pub/download/index.php?quranType=simple&outType=xml
Convention
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.

CLEARED. Parallel edition, held in ayah_text_variants. It sits alongside the Uthmani spine for search normalisation and is never used to correct it.

Every source and rights decision →

Every source and rights decision →

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Qur'anic text from the Tanzil Project. Copyright (C) 2007-2026 Tanzil Project License: Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Source: tanzil.net · Updates: tanzil.net/updates/ https://tanzil.net/updates/