Marked words appear in this translation and in no other English translation of this verse. Common small words and older spellings are not marked. The marks show where the wording differs, not where the meaning does.
Talal Itani· published 2012
Priding themselves on earth, and scheming evil. But evil schemingoverwhelms none but its authors. Do they expect anything but the precedent of the ancients? You will not find any change in God's practice, and you will not find any substitute to God's practice.
Translation Talal Itani, ClearQuran·Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1875–1936 · published 1930
(Shown in their) behavingarrogantly in the land and plotting evil; and the evil plotencloseth but the men who make it. Then, can they expect aught save the treatment of the folk of old? Thou wilt not find for Allah's way of treatment any substitute, nor wilt thou find for Allah's way of treatment aught of power to change
Sources
Translation Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran·Public domain — copyright term expired
Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran·1930 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work
·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026
Edward Henry Palmer1840–1882 · published 1880
and in being big with pride in the earth, and in plotting evil; but the plotting of evil only entangles those who practise it; can they then expect aught but the course of those of yore? but thou shalt not find any alteration in the course of God; and they shall not find any change in the course of God
Sources
Translation Edward Henry Palmer, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
Their haughtiness on earth and their plotting of evil! But the plotting of evil shall only enmesh those who make use of it. Look they then for aught but God's way of dealing with the peoples of old? Thou shalt not find any change in the way of God, - Yea, thou shalt not find any variableness in the way of God
Sources
Translation John Medows Rodwell, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
their arrogance in the earth, and their contriving of evil; but the contrivance of evil shall only encompass the authors thereof. Do they expect any other than the punishmentawarded against the unbelievers of formertimes? For thou shalt not find any change in the ordinance of God; neither shalt thou find any variation in the ordinance of God
Sources
Translation George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an·1734 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work
·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026
Other languages (18)Shqip · Albanian
për shkak të mendjemadhësisë së tyre në tokë dhe kurtheve të liga, por kurthet e liga i godasin vetëm ata që i kurdisin. Mos vallë, po presin ata diçka tjetër veç asaj që i goditi popujt e mëparshëm?! Kurrë nuk mund të gjesh në ligjin e Allahut asnjë ndryshim, as mund të gjesh në ligjin e Allahut ndonjë lajthitje.
Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5
বাংলা · Bengali
(আল্লাহর নামে তাদের শপথ ছিল) জমিনে অহংকার আচরণ ও কুট ষড়যন্ত্রের কারণে। কিন্তু কুট ষড়যন্ত্র কেবল ষড়যন্ত্রকারীকেই পরিবেষ্টন করবে। তবে কি তারা পূর্ববর্তীদের ওপর আল্লাহর চিরাচরিত পরিণতির (ধ্বংসের) অপেক্ষা করছে? (যদি তাই হয়, তবে শুনে রাখো) তুমি আল্লাহর বিধানের কখনোই কোনো পরিবর্তন পাবে না এবং তুমি আল্লাহর বিধানের কখনোই কোন ব্যতিক্রমও দেখতে পাবে না।
Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Dawah Association in Rabwah, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.2
Bosanski · Bosnian
oholost na Zemlji i ružno spletkarenje, a spletke će pogoditi upravo one koji se njima služe. Zar oni mogu očekivati nešto drugo već ono što je zadesilo narode drevne? U Allahovim zakonima ti nikad nećeš naći promjene, u Allahovim zakonima ti nećeš naći odstupanja.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 2.0.4
Hrvatski · Croatian
oholost na Zemlji i ružno spletkarenje, a spletke će pogoditi upravo one koji se njima služe. Zar oni mogu očekivati nešto drugo već ono što je zadesilo narode drevne? U Allahovim zakonima ti nikad nećeš naći promjene, u Allahovim zakonima ti nećeš naći odstupanja.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1
Fulfulde · Fulani
[Ɓe mbaɗiri ɗum] mawnintinaare ka keydi, e pewje ɓenɗe. Pewje bonɗe ɗen non kuuɓitataa, si wonaa jom-munm en. Hara hiɓe cabbitii, si wonaa sunna (Alla) on e adinooɓe ɓen? A heɓantaa sunna Alla on battiigu, a heɓantaa sunna Alla mbaylirɗum.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
ქართული · Georgian
[და ისინი იფიცებოდნენ მხოლოდ] ქედმაღლობით მიწაზე [ადამიანთა წინაშე] და ბოროტი ხრიკებით. მაგრამ ბოროტი ხრიკი მოეხვევა მხოლოდ მის მქნელთ. ნუთუ ისინი ელიან რაიმე სხვა ბედს, გარდა წინა თაობათა ბედისა? და ვერასოდეს ჰპოვებ ალლაჰის წესში შეცვლას! და ვერასოდეს ჰპოვებ ალლაჰის წესში გადახვევას!
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.7
Deutsch · German
indem sie sich auf der Erde hochmütig verhielten und Ränke schlechter Taten schmiedeten. Aber die schlechten Ränke umschließen nur ihre Urheber. Erwarten sie denn (für sich) etwas anderes als die Gesetzmäßigkeit (gegenüber) den Früheren? Und du wirst in der Gesetzmäßigkeit Allahs keine Änderung finden, und du wirst in der Gesetzmäßigkeit Allahs keine Abwandlung finden.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.15
Ελληνικά · Greek
(Αποστράφηκαν από την αλήθεια) ως αλαζονεία στη γη και ως διάπραξη και σχεδίαση του κακού (της απιστίας, αποτρέποντας τους ανθρώπους από το να ακολουθήσουν τον Προφήτη και συνωμοτώντας εναντίον του), αλλά η διάπραξη και η σχεδίαση του κακού δεν περιβάλλει παρά μόνο εκείνους που το έκαναν. Περιμένουν κάτι άλλο εκτός από να έρθει σ' αυτούς ο επαναλαμβανόμενος κανόνας (του Αλλάχ, -δηλ. η τιμωρία Του-) που πέρασε στους προηγούμενους (άπιστους) λαούς; Δε θα βρεις (ω, Προφήτη) στον κανόνα του Αλλάχ καμία αλλαγή (δηλ. δε θα αλλαχθεί η τιμωρία με κάτι άλλο), ούτε θα βρεις στον κανόνα του Αλλάχ καμία μεταβολή (δηλ. δε θα αλλάξει η τιμωρία από έναν λαό και να πέσει σε κάποιον άλλο).
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
हिन्दी · Hindi
धरती में अभिमान करने और बुरी चाल के कारण। और बुरी चाल उसके चलने वाले ही को घेरती है। तो क्या वे पहले लोगों (के बारे में अल्लाह) की रीति[17] की प्रतीक्षा कर रहे हैं? तो आप अल्लाह की रीति में हरगिज़ कोई बदलाव नहीं पाएँगे, तथा आप अल्लाह की रीति में कभी कोई परिवर्तन[18] नहीं पाएँगे।
Translated by Azizul Haq Al-Omari
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.5
Italiano · Italian
a causa della loro superbia e astuzia in terra; ma l’astuzia si ritorce solo contro chi la pratica. Cosa aspettano, se non la legge che fu applicata agli antichi? E non potrai mai trovare un cambiamento nella legge di Allāh, e non potrai trovare nessuno spostamento nella legge di Allāh[84].
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
Lietuvių · Lithuanian
43. (Jie pabėgo dėl savo) išdidumo žemėje ir jų blogų sąmokslų. Tačiau blogas sąmokslas apima tik tą, kuris jį planuoja. Taigi, ar gali jie tikėtis ko nors (kito), kaip tik senovės žmonių sunnos (elgesio būdo)? Taigi, nerasite jokių pokyčių Allaho sunnoje (elgesio būde) ir jokio pasukimo nerasite Allaho sunnoje (elgesio būde).
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.8
Afaan Oromoo · Oromo
Dachee keessatti boonaafi shira hameenyaa (malee isaaniif hin daballe). shirri hammeenyaa warra isaatti malee hin marsu. Sila karaa warra durii malee waan biraa nieeganii? Karaa Rabbiitiif jijjiirama hin argitu; karaa Rabbiitiif (nama biraatti) naannessuu hin argitu.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.0
Русский · Russian
[Они поступили так,] возгордившись на земле и замышляя злое коварство. Но злое коварство не поражает никого, кроме тех, кто его замышляет. Ожидают ли они чего-либо, кроме участи прежних поколений? Но ты никогда не найдёшь для установленного Аллахом порядка замены и никогда не найдёшь для установленного Аллахом порядка отклонения.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1
Српски · Serbian
охолећи се на Земљи смишљали су зло - а сплетке ће да погоде управо оне који се њиме служе. Зар они могу да очекују нешто друго осим оно што је задесило древне народе?! У Аллаховим законима ти никад нећеш да нађеш промене; у Аллаховим законима ти нећеш да нађеш одступања.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4
Kiswahili · Swahili
Kwa kutakabari kwao katika nchi, na kufanya vitimbi vya uovu. Na vitimbi viovu havimsibu ila mwenyewe aliyevifanya. Hebu, hawangojei yale yaliowasibu watu wa kale? Basi hutapata mabadiliko katika mtindo wa Mwenyezi Mungu. Wala hutapata mageuko katika mtindo wa Mwenyezi Mungu.
Issued by the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5
Svenska · Swedish
De uppträder högmodigt på jorden och smider onda planer, men onda planer slår endast tillbaka på de som smider dem. Väntar de på samma öde som tidigare folk? Du kommer nämligen inte se Gud göra något avsteg från sitt sätt att handla. Och du kommer inte att finna någon förändring i Guds förfarande.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
Türkçe · Turkish
Çünkü onlar yeryüzünde büyüklük taslıyor ve kötü tuzaklar kuruyorlardı. Kötü tuzak ise ancak sahibine dolanır. Onlar ancak öncekilere uygulanan sünneti bekliyorlar. Sen Allah’ın sünnetinde hiçbir değişiklik bulamazsın. Allah'ın sünnetinde kesinlikle bir sapma da bulamazsın.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4
اردو · Urdu
دنیا میں اپنے کو بڑا سمجھنے کی وجہ سے[1] ، اور ان کی بری تدبیروں کی وجہ سے[2] اور بری تدبیروں کا وبال ان تدبیر والوں ہی پر پڑتا ہے[3]، سو کیا یہ اسی دستور کے منتظر ہیں جو اگلے لوگوں کے ساتھ ہوتا رہا ہے[4]۔ سو آپ اللہ کے دستور کو کبھی بدلتا ہوا نہ پائیں گے[5]، اور آپ اللہ کے دستور کو کبھی منتقل ہوتا ہوا نہ پائیں گے.[6]
Translated by Muhammad Ibrahim Junagarhi, developed under the supervision of the Rowwad Translation Center. The original translation is available for the purpose of expressing opinion, evaluation, and continuous development.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.3
About these translations
5 cleared translations, newest first, by year of publication, so the modern English comes before the historical ones. That is an ordering by date, not a judgement. Each is shown complete — this platform never excerpts a translation — and each renders under its translator's name. No translation here is marked as the correct one.
Which translations appear here is set by copyright: they are the ones whose rights could be documented and cleared. The selection is not a judgement that these are the best.
About easy-read
Easy-read
Easy-read is a simplified pronunciation,
not authoritative — a rule-by-rule romanisation, not a reading.
Each verse ends in its pause form, as it is said when you stop there. Pauses inside a verse and other tajwid rules are not shown. It is derived from the Tanzil
Simple edition, while the Arabic above is the
Uthmani edition; both are cleared, but they are not the
same edition and their orthography differs.
Easy-read (simplified)inna llaaha yumsiku s-samaawaati wal-'arda an tazoolaa wala'in zaalataa in amsakahumaa min ahadin min ba'dihi innahu kaana haleeman ghafooraa
DIN 31635ʾinna llāha yumsiku s-samāwāti wal-ʾarḍa ʾan tazūlā walaʾin zālatā ʾin ʾamsakahumā min ʾaḥadin min baʿdihi ʾinnahu kāna ḥalīman ġafūran
Talal Itani2012 God holds the heavens and the earth, lest they fall apart. And were they to fall apart, there is none to hold them together except He. He is Most Clement, Most Forgiving.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 Lo! Allah graspeth the heavens and the earth that they deviate not, and if they were to deviate there is not one that could grasp them after Him. Lo! He is ever Clement, Forgiving
Edward Henry Palmer1880 Verily, God holds back the heavens and the earth lest they should decline; and if they should decline there is none to hold them back after Him; verily, He is clement, forgiving
John Medows Rodwell1861 Verily God holdeth fast the Heavens and the Earth that they pass not away: and if they were passing away none could hold them back but He: for He is Kind, Gracious
George Sale1734 Verily God sustaineth the heavens and the earth, lest they fail: And if they should fail, none could support the same besides Him; He is gracious and merciful
Easy-read (simplified)wa'aqsamoo billaahi jahda aymaanihim la'in jaa'ahum nadheerun layakoonunna ahdaa min ihdaa l-'umami falammaa jaa'ahum nadheerun maa zaadahum illaa nufooraa
DIN 31635waʾaqsamū billāhi ǧahda ʾaymānihim laʾin ǧāʾahum naḏīrun layakūnunna ʾahdā min ʾiḥdā l-ʾumami falammā ǧāʾahum naḏīrun mā zādahum ʾillā nufūran
Talal Itani2012 And they swore by God with their solemn oaths, that if a warner came to them, they would be more guided than any other people. Yet when a warner came to them, it only increased them in aversion.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 And they swore by Allah, their most binding oath, that if a warner came unto them they would be more tractable than any of the nations; yet, when a warner came unto them it aroused in them naught save repugnance
Edward Henry Palmer1880 They swore by God with their most strenuous oath, verily, if there come to them a warner they would be more guided than any one of the nations; but when a warner comes to them, it only increases them in aversion
John Medows Rodwell1861 They swore by God with their mightiest oath that should a preacher come to them they would yield to guidance more than any people: but when the preacher came to them it only increased in them their estrangement
George Sale1734 The Koreish swore by God, with a most solemn oath, that if a preacher had come unto them, they would surely have been more willingly directed than any nation: But now a preacher is come unto them, it hath only increased in them their aversion from the truth
Talal Itani2012 Have they not journeyed in the land and observed the fate of those who preceded them? They were superior to them in strength. But nothing can defeat God in the heavens or on Earth. He is indeed Omniscient and Omnipotent.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 Have they not travelled in the land and seen the nature of the consequence for those who were before them, and they were mightier than these in power? Allah is not such that aught in the heavens or in the earth escapeth Him. Lo! He is the Wise, the Mighty
Edward Henry Palmer1880 Have they not journeyed on in the land and seen what was the end of those before them who were stronger than they? but God, nothing can ever make Him helpless in the heavens or in the earth; verily, He is knowing, powerful
John Medows Rodwell1861 Have they never journeyed in the land and seen what hath been the end of those who flourished before them, though mightier in strength than they? God is not to be frustrated by aught in the Heavens or in the Earth; for He is the All-knowing, the All-mighty
George Sale1734 Have they not gone through the earth, and seen what hath been the end of those who were before them; although they were more mighty in strength than they? God is not to be frustrated by any thing either in heaven or on earth; for He is wise and powerful
Talal Itani2012 If God were to punish the people for what they have earned, He would not leave a single living creature on its surface. But He defers them until a stated time. Then, when their time has arrived-God is Observant of His creatures.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 If Allah took mankind to task by that which they deserve, He would not leave a living creature on the surface of the earth; but He reprieveth them unto an appointed term, and when their term cometh - then verily (they will know that) Allah is ever Seer of His slaves
Edward Henry Palmer1880 Were God to catch men up for what they earn, He would not leave upon the back of it a beast; but He respites them until an appointed time. When their appointed time comes, verily, God looks upon His servants
John Medows Rodwell1861 If, moreover, God should chastise men according to their deserts, He would not leave even a reptile on the back of the earth! But to an appointed time doth He respite them. And when their time shall come, then verily God's eye is on his servants
George Sale1734 If God should punish men according to what they deserve, He would not leave on the back of the earth so much as a beast: But He respiteth them to a determined time; and when their time shall come, verily God will regard his servants
These figures count the words the translations share. They measure wording, not meaning, and they do not say which translation is right.
Derived measure: mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the
lowercased word sets of the 5 renderings above —
0.69 on a scale
where 0 means identical wording and 1 means no shared words. It is
computed, not judged.
The page says a verse is worded differently only above the cut below. The cut is a stated convention, not a property of the text, and it can be changed.
The cut
0.644
Share of measured verses above it
33%
Verses above it
2,079
Verses measured
6,236
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · George Sale0.76
Talal Itani · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall0.75
Talal Itani · Edward Henry Palmer0.75
Talal Itani · John Medows Rodwell0.75
Talal Itani · George Sale0.72
John Medows Rodwell · George Sale0.67
Edward Henry Palmer · George Sale0.67
Edward Henry Palmer · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall0.65
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · John Medows Rodwell0.61
Edward Henry Palmer · John Medows Rodwell0.51
One bar per pair of renderings, longest bar for the pair
sharing fewest words. Every pair is shown; none is singled out.
Method Wording differences — derived 13 September 2026
Method
Mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the lowercased word sets of the cleared translations of each verse. A verse is marked as worded differently when its score falls in the top third of the corpus — the cut set out in Analysis details.
As at
13 September 2026, 10:56 UTC
Gate
verify/divergence_gate.py re-derives and fails on drift
The platform does not say which is right, and does not
characterise what the difference means. The renderings are placed
together so the difference is visible; reading it is the reader's work.
7 sources
stand behind this page. Each is listed once, in the order the page first
cites it, with the licence it was cleared under and what was actually read.
Nothing on this page rests on a source that is not here.
Source Tanzil Qur'an text (Uthmani) · Uthmani, Version 1.1
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.
CLEARED. Licence read verbatim from the block embedded in this very file. Ingested exactly as shipped: no normalisation, no stripping of marks, no Unicode recomposition.
Parsed structurally from the EPUB: an h3 names the surah, one p per verse with its number in its own span. An unnumbered p is the basmala and is not a verse, except in surah 1 where the basmala IS verse 1. 112 unnumbered paragraphs were found, which is 114 surahs less surah 1 and surah 9. Text is stored VERBATIM: NFC normalisation and XML entity unescaping only, because CC BY-ND forbids modification.
CLEARED on a licence read first-hand from the translator's own download page, not from an aggregator. Tanzil also hosts this translation, but under a blanket "non-commercial purposes only" term that directs the user to the translator or publisher for permission - a hosting disclaimer, not a grant - so the grant was taken from the licensor directly. The "God" edition was ingested; ClearQuran also publishes an "Allah" edition, differing in how the divine name is rendered, which is not ingested.
CLEARED ON THE WORK, WITH TWO RECORDED CAVEATS ON THIS COPY. (1) Rights basis is the expired copyright term, NOT the redistributing repository's licence. That repository dedicates its contents to the public domain under the Unlicense while also redistributing plainly in-copyright translations (Abdel Haleem, Saheeh International, The Study Quran), so it is dedicating rights it cannot hold and its blanket grant is not relied upon here. (2) The file declares its own upstream as tanzil.net, and Tanzil attaches a non-commercial condition to its TRANSLATION distributions, though not to its Qur'anic text. Since Pickthall's copyright has expired, nobody holds rights in these words and no licence is required from anyone; Tanzil's terms are a contract binding those who download from Tanzil, which we did not. The chain is nonetheless not spotless and Anwar may prefer a clean digitisation of the 1930 printing. NOT VERIFIED: that this digital text matches the 1930 first printing rather than a later revised edition. No page images were collated. Recorded as unverified rather than presented as established. SERVED TEXT DIFFERS FROM THE CITED FILE AT ONE VERSE, 37:97: the file reads "red-hotfire" (a glued token, also in Gutenberg #16955); the served row reads "red-hot fire", restored 2026-09-13 from Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran (London: George Allen & Unwin, printed for Alfred A. Knopf; 1930), p. 460, XXXVII 97 - scan archive.org in.ernet.dli.2015.216140, PDF page 475; banked data/derivation-sources/pickthall-1930-dli-2015.216140-text.pdf (sha256 70e81146c97fa3a590243a82e04e349108546074787e2551a78c616202138870) on Anwar Malik's grant.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is not stated by the redistributor and the printing is unverified. No statement of purpose is recorded for Palmer because none was sourced from his own preface in this pass; nothing is asserted on his behalf.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. TWO edition caveats. (1) The upstream is not stated by the redistributor. (2) Rodwell's own edition PRESENTS THE SURAHS IN HIS OWN CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER, not the mushaf order — he says so in his preface. This digital text is keyed to mushaf order, so it derives from a restored-order printing (such as the Everyman edition) rather than from Rodwell's own arrangement. Which printing is not stated and has not been established.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is NOT STATED by the redistributor, so the printing it represents is unverified; Sale's text was reprinted and re-edited many times between 1734 and 1900. Recorded as unverified rather than assumed to be the first edition.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.
CLEARED. Parallel edition, held in ayah_text_variants. It sits alongside the Uthmani spine for search normalisation and is never used to correct it.