Marked words appear in this translation and in no other English translation of this verse. Common small words and older spellings are not marked. The marks show where the wording differs, not where the meaning does.
Talal Itani· published 2012
He said, "He has done you wrong by asking your ewe in addition to his ewes. Many partners takeadvantage of one another, except those who believe and do good deeds, but these are so few." David realized that We were testing him, so he sought forgiveness from his Lord, and fell down to his knees, and repented.
Translation Talal Itani, ClearQuran·Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1875–1936 · published 1930
(David) said: He hath wronged thee in demanding thine ewe in addition to his ewes, and lo! many partners oppress one another, save such as believe and do good works, and they are few. And David guessed that We had tried him, and he sought forgiveness of his Lord, and he bowed himself and fell down prostrate and repented
Sources
Translation Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran·Public domain — copyright term expired
Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran·1930 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work
·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026
Edward Henry Palmer1840–1882 · published 1880
Said he, 'He wronged thee in asking for thy ewe in addition to his own ewes. Verily, many associates do injure one another, except those who believe and do what is right, and very few are they!' And he thought that we were trying him; and he asked pardon of his Lord and fell down bowing, and did turn
Sources
Translation Edward Henry Palmer, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
He said, "Certainly he hath wronged thee in asking for thine ewe to add her to his own ewes: and truly many associates do one another wrong - except those who believe and do the things that are right; and few indeed are they!" And David perceived that we had tried him; so he asked pardon of his Lord, and fell down and bowed himself and repented
Sources
Translation John Medows Rodwell, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
David answered, verily he hath wronged thee, in demanding thine ewe as an addition to his own sheep: And many of them who are concernedtogether in business, wrong one another, except those who believe and do that which is right; but how few are they! And David perceived that We had tried him by this parable, and he asked pardon of his Lord: And he fell down and bowed himself, and repented
Sources
Translation George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an·1734 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work
·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026
Other languages (18)Shqip · Albanian
Davudi tha: "Pa dyshim, ai të ka bërë padrejtësi duke kërkuar delen tënde për ta bashkuar me delet e veta. Me të vërtetë, shumë ortakë i bëjnë padrejtësi njëri-tjetrit, me përjashtim të atyre që besojnë dhe bëjnë vepra të mira, e të atillët janë pak." Atëherë, Davudi e kuptoi se Ne vetëm po e sprovonim, prandaj kërkoi falje nga Zoti i tij, ra me fytyrë përtokë dhe u pendua.
Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5
বাংলা · Bengali
দাঊদ বলল: ‘তোমার ভেড়ীকে তার ভেড়ীর পালের সাথে যুক্ত করার দাবি করে সে তোমার প্রতি যুলম করেছে। আর শরীকদের অনেকেই (১৩) একে অন্যের উপর সীমালঙ্ঘন করে থাকে। তবে কেবল তারাই এরূপ করে না, যারা ঈমান আনে এবং নেক আমল করে। আর এরা সংখ্যায় খুবই কম।’ আর দাঊদ বুঝতে পারল যে, (এই দুজনের ঝগড়া দ্বারা) আমি তাকে পরীক্ষা করেছি। তারপর সে তার রবের কাছে ক্ষমা চাইল, সাজদায় লুটিয়ে পড়ল এবং তাঁর অভিমুখী হল।
Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Dawah Association in Rabwah, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.2
Bosanski · Bosnian
“Učinio ti je, doista, krivo!”, Davud reče, “time što je tražio da tvoju ovcu doda ovcama svojim. Mnogi ortaci čine nepravdu jedni drugima, ne čine jedino oni koji vjeruju i rade dobra djela; a takvih je malo.” I Davud se uvjeri da smo Mi baš njega na kušnju stavili, pa oprost od Gospodara svog zamoli, pade licem na tlo i pokaja se.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 2.0.4
Hrvatski · Croatian
“Učinio ti je, doista, krivo,” David reče, “time što je tražio da tvoju ovcu doda ovcama svojim. Mnogi ortaci čine nepravdu jedni drugima, ne čine jedino oni koji vjeruju i rade dobra djela; a takvih je malo.” I David se uvjeri da smo Mi baš njega na kušnju stavili, pa oprost od Gospodara svog zamoli, pade licem na tlo i pokaja se.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1
Fulfulde · Fulani
O maaki: "Pellet, o tooñirii ma laɓndagol baalii maa ngii, waɗtugol e baali makko ɗin". Ɗuuɗii ko hawtuɓe tooñindirta hakkunde maɓɓe, si wonaa ɓen gooŋɗiinɓe, ɓe ngolli moƴƴuɗi - ɓen non no fanɗi. - Daawuuda felliti, won'de Min njarribike mo. O imsinanii Joomi makko, o suuyiri sujjugol, o tuubi.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
ქართული · Georgian
[დაუდმა] თქვა: «მან [შენმა ძმამ] უსამართლოდ მოგექცა, როცა შენი ცხვარი თავის ცხვრებს მიამატა. და, ჭეშმარიტად, მრავალი თანამონაწილე (რაიმე საქმეში) ერთმანეთს უსამართლოდ ექცევა, გარდა მათისა, ვინც ირწმუნა და კეთილი საქმეები აკეთა, — და ასეთები ცოტანი არიან». და იფიქრა დაუდმა, რომ ჩვენ მხოლოდ გამოვცადეთ იგი ამ დავით; მაშინ მან თავისი უფლისგან პატიება ითხოვა, მუხლმოდრეკით დაემხო და მონანიებით მიუბრუნდა (ალლაჰს). ۩
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.7
Deutsch · German
Er (also Dawud) sagte: „Er hat dir ja Unrecht getan, dass er dein Schaf zu seinen Schafen hinzu verlangte. Und wahrlich, viele von den Teilhabern begehen gegeneinander Übergriffe, außer denjenigen, die glauben und rechtschaffene Werke tun - und das sind nur wenige.“ Und Dawud war sich bewusst, dass Wir ihn nur der Versuchung ausgesetzt hatten. Da bat er seinen Herrn um Vergebung und fiel in Verbeugung nieder und wandte sich (Ihm) reuig zu.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.15
Ελληνικά · Greek
(Ο Δαβίδ) είπε: «Πράγματι, σε αδίκησε που ζήτησε να προσθέσει την προβατίνα σου στις προβατίνες του. Πράγματι, πολλοί συνέταιροι καταπιέζουν ο ένας τον άλλον, εκτός απ' αυτούς που πιστεύουν και κάνουν ενάρετες πράξεις, και πόσο λίγοι είναι αυτοί!» Τότε ο Δαβίδ κατάλαβε ότι Εμείς τον δοκιμάζαμε (μ' αυτή την υπόθεση), και έτσι, ζήτησε συγχώρεση από τον Κύριό του, έπεσε σε Σιτζούντ στάση (με το μέτωπο στο έδαφος) και στράφηκε με μεταμέλεια. [Δεν αναφέρεται εδώ γιατί ζήτησε συγχώρεση, αλλά μπορεί επειδή έκρινε αφού άκουσε τον έναν και χωρίς να ακούσει τον άλλον].
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
हिन्दी · Hindi
उसने कहा : निःसंदेह उसने तेरी दुंबी को अपनी दुंबियों के साथ मिलाने की माँग करके तुझपर अत्याचार किया है। तथा निःसंदेह बहुत-से साझी निश्चय एक-दूसरे पर अत्याचार करते हैं। सिवाय उन लोगों के, जो ईमान लाए और उन्होंने अच्छे कर्म किए और ये लोग बहुत ही कम हैं। और दाऊद ने यक़ीन कर लिया कि हमने उसकी परीक्षा ली है। अतः उसने अपने पालनहार से क्षमा याचना की, तथा सजदे में गिर गया, और (अल्लाह की ओर) वापस लौटा।
Translated by Azizul Haq Al-Omari
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.5
Italiano · Italian
Disse: «Fu ingiusto verso di te chiedendoti di aggiungere la tua pecora alle sue, e in verità molti soci si fanno torto a vicenda, tranne quelli che sono stati credenti e che hanno fatto il bene, ma quanto sono pochi!” E Dāwūd sospettò che l’avessimo messo alla prova, e chiese perdono al suo Dio e si prosternò e si pentì ﴿وَخَرَّ رَاكِعًا وَأَنَابَ﴾ ۩
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
Lietuvių · Lithuanian
24. [Davūd (Dovydas)] tarė (iš karto, neišklausęs priešininko): „Jis nuskriaudė tave, reikalaudamas tavo avį prijungti prie savo avių. Ir iš tiesų daugybė partnerių engia vienas kitą, išskyrus tuos, kurie tiki ir daro teisingus gerus darbus, ir jų yra keletas.“ Ir Davūd (Dovydas) numanė, kad Mes išbandėme jį ir siekė savo Viešpaties Atleidimo, ir krito klupsčiomis ir atsigręžė (į Allahą) atgailoje.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.8
Afaan Oromoo · Oromo
(Daawuud) ni jedhe: “dhugumatti, hoolaa tee gara hoolota isaatti dabalachuuf si gaafachuudhaan simiidhee jira. irra hedduun warra horii wajji qabanii gariin isaanii garii irratti miidhaa dalagu; isaan amananii, toltuu dalagan malee Isaan baay’ee xiqqoodha.” Daawuud akka isa qoranne beekeeti, Rabbii isaa araarama kadhatee, rukuu’as bu’ee, (gara Gooftaa isaatti) deebi’e. [3]
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.0
Русский · Russian
Он сказал: «Несомненно, он поступил с тобой несправедливо, потребовав присоединить твою овцу к своим. И, воистину, многие из тех, кто совместно владеет имуществом, поступают несправедливо друг с другом — кроме тех, кто уверовал и совершал праведные деяния. Но и таких мало». И Дауд понял, что Мы подвергли его испытанию, и он попросил прощения у своего Господа, склонился в поясном поклоне и обратился [с покаянием].
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1
Српски · Serbian
„Учинио ти је неправду!“ Рече Давид, „тиме што је тражио да твоју овцу дода својим овцама; многи ортаци чине неправду једни другима, такви нису једино они који верују и раде добра дела; а таквих је мало.“ И Давид се увери да смо Ми баш њега ставили на искушење, па опрост замоли од свога Господара, и паде лицем на тло и покаја се.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4
Kiswahili · Swahili
Akasema: Kweli amekudhulumu kwa kumtaka kondoo wako mmoja kuongezea kwenye kondoo wake. Na hakika washirika wengi hudhulumiana wao kwa wao, isipokuwa walioamini na wakatenda mema. Na hao ni wachache. Na Daudi akajua kuwa tumemfanyia mtihani. Basi akamwomba msamaha Mola wake Mlezi, na akaanguka kusujudu na kutubia.
Issued by the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5
Svenska · Swedish
Han svarade: ”Han har verkligen gjort orätt mot dig genom att kräva din enda tacka för att lägga den till sina egna. Många av de med gemensamma tillgångar behandlar varandra felaktigt, förutom de som tror och handlar rättfärdigt – och dessa är få.” I det ögonblicket insåg David att vi prövade honom, så han bad sin Herre om förlåtelse och föll ned på sitt ansikte och ångrade sig.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
Türkçe · Turkish
Dâvud: "Koyununu kendi koyunları arasına katmak istemekle sana haksızlık etmiş. Zaten ortakların çoğu, birbirlerine zulmeder. Ancak iman eden salih amellerde bulunanlar müstesna. Bunlar da ne kadar azdır!" dedi. Dâvud, kendisini imtihan ettiğimizi anlamış ve Rabbinden bağışlanma dileyerek secdeye kapanmış ve O’na yönelmişti.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4
اردو · Urdu
آپ نے فرمایا! اس کا اپنی دنبیوں کے ساتھ تیری ایک دنبی ملا لینے کا سوال بیشک تیرے اوپر ایک ﻇلم ہے اور اکثر حصہ دار اور شریک (ایسے ہی ہوتے ہیں کہ) ایک دوسرے پر ﻇلم کرتے[1] ہیں، سوائے ان کے جو ایمان ﻻئے اور جنہوں نے نیک عمل کیے اور ایسے لوگ بہت ہی کم ہیں[2] اور (حضرت) داؤد (علیہ السلام) سمجھ گئے کہ ہم نے انہیں آزمایا ہے، پھر تو اپنے رب سے استغفار کرنے لگے اور عاجزی کرتے ہوئے گر پڑے اور (پوری طرح) رجوع کیا.
Translated by Muhammad Ibrahim Junagarhi, developed under the supervision of the Rowwad Translation Center. The original translation is available for the purpose of expressing opinion, evaluation, and continuous development.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.3
About these translations
5 cleared translations, newest first, by year of publication, so the modern English comes before the historical ones. That is an ordering by date, not a judgement. Each is shown complete — this platform never excerpts a translation — and each renders under its translator's name. No translation here is marked as the correct one.
Which translations appear here is set by copyright: they are the ones whose rights could be documented and cleared. The selection is not a judgement that these are the best.
About easy-read
Easy-read
Easy-read is a simplified pronunciation,
not authoritative — a rule-by-rule romanisation, not a reading.
Each verse ends in its pause form, as it is said when you stop there. Pauses inside a verse and other tajwid rules are not shown. It is derived from the Tanzil
Simple edition, while the Arabic above is the
Uthmani edition; both are cleared, but they are not the
same edition and their orthography differs.
Talal Itani2012 When they entered upon David, and he was startled by them. They said, "Do not fear. Two disputants; one of us has wronged the other; so judge between us fairly, and do not be biased, and guide us to the straight way."
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 How they burst in upon David, and he was afraid of them. They said: Be not afraid! (We are) two litigants, one of whom hath wronged the other, therefor judge aright between us; be not unjust; and show us the fair way
Edward Henry Palmer1880 when they entered in unto David, and he was startled at them, they said, 'Fear not, we are two antagonists; one of us has injured the other; judge then between us with the truth and be not partial, but guide us to a level way
John Medows Rodwell1861 When they entered in upon David, and he was frightened at them, they said, "Be not afraid; we are two opposing parties: one of us hath wronged the other. Judge therefore with truth between us, and be not unjust, but guide us to the right way
George Sale1734 when they went in unto David, and he was afraid of them. They said, Fear not: We are two adversaries who have a controversy to be decided. The one of us hath wronged the other: Wherefore judge between us with truth, and be not unjust; and direct us into the even way
Talal Itani2012 "This brother of mine has ninety nine ewes, and I have one ewe, and he said, 'Entrust it to me,' and he pressured me with words."
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 Lo! this my brother hath ninety and nine ewes while I had one ewe; and he said: Entrust it to me, and he conquered me in speech
Edward Henry Palmer1880 Verily, this is my brother: he had ninety-nine ewes and I had one ewe; and he said, "Give her over to my charge;" and he overcame me in the discourse
John Medows Rodwell1861 Now this my brother had ninety and nine ewes, and I had but a single ewe; and he said, make me her keeper. And he over-persuaded me in the dispute
George Sale1734 This my brother had ninety and nine sheep; and I had only one ewe: And he said, give her me to keep; and he prevailed against me in the discourse which we had together
DIN 31635faġafarnā lahu ḏālika waʾinna lahu ʿindanā lazulfā waḥusna maʾābin
The translators word this verse differently
Talal Itani2012 So We forgave him that. And for him is nearness to Us, and a good place of return.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 So We forgave him that; and lo! he had access to Our presence and a happy journey's end
Edward Henry Palmer1880 and we pardoned him; for, verily, he has a near approach to us and an excellent resort
John Medows Rodwell1861 So we forgave him that his sin; and truly he shall have a high rank with Us, and an excellent retreat in Paradise
George Sale1734 Wherefore We forgave him this fault; and he shall be admitted to approach near unto us, and shall have an excellent place of abode in paradise
Talal Itani2012 "O David, We made you a ruler in the land, so judge between the people with justice, and do not follow desire, lest it diverts you from God's path. Those who stray from God's path will have a painful punishment, for having ignored the Day of Account."
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 (And it was said unto him): O David! Lo! We have set thee as a viceroy in the earth; therefor judge aright between mankind, and follow not desire that it beguile thee from the way of Allah. Lo! those who wander from the way of Allah have an awful doom, forasmuch as they forgot the Day of Reckoning
Edward Henry Palmer1880 O David! verily, we have made thee a vicegerent, judge then between men with truth and follow not lust, for it will lead thee astray from the path of god. Verily, those who go astray from the path of God, for them is keen torment, for that they did forget the day of reckoning
John Medows Rodwell1861 O David! verily we have made thee our vicegerent upon earth. Judge therefore between men with truth, and follow not thy passions, lest they cause thee to err from the way of God. For they who err from the way of God shall meet with a grievous chastisement, for that they have forgotten the day of reckoning
George Sale1734 O David, verily We have appointed thee a sovereign prince in the earth: Judge therefore between men with truth; and follow not thy own lust, lest it cause thee to err from the way of God: For those who err from the way of God, shall suffer a severe punishment, because they have forgotten the day of account
These figures count the words the translations share. They measure wording, not meaning, and they do not say which translation is right.
Derived measure: mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the
lowercased word sets of the 5 renderings above —
0.56 on a scale
where 0 means identical wording and 1 means no shared words. It is
computed, not judged.
The page says a verse is worded differently only above the cut below. The cut is a stated convention, not a property of the text, and it can be changed.
The cut
0.644
Share of measured verses above it
33%
Verses above it
2,079
Verses measured
6,236
Edward Henry Palmer · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall0.63
Talal Itani · George Sale0.63
Talal Itani · Edward Henry Palmer0.61
Talal Itani · John Medows Rodwell0.59
Talal Itani · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall0.57
Edward Henry Palmer · George Sale0.56
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · George Sale0.52
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · John Medows Rodwell0.51
Edward Henry Palmer · John Medows Rodwell0.49
John Medows Rodwell · George Sale0.44
One bar per pair of renderings, longest bar for the pair
sharing fewest words. Every pair is shown; none is singled out.
Method Wording differences — derived 13 September 2026
Method
Mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the lowercased word sets of the cleared translations of each verse. A verse is marked as worded differently when its score falls in the top third of the corpus — the cut set out in Analysis details.
As at
13 September 2026, 10:56 UTC
Gate
verify/divergence_gate.py re-derives and fails on drift
The platform does not say which is right, and does not
characterise what the difference means. The renderings are placed
together so the difference is visible; reading it is the reader's work.
7 sources
stand behind this page. Each is listed once, in the order the page first
cites it, with the licence it was cleared under and what was actually read.
Nothing on this page rests on a source that is not here.
Source Tanzil Qur'an text (Uthmani) · Uthmani, Version 1.1
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.
CLEARED. Licence read verbatim from the block embedded in this very file. Ingested exactly as shipped: no normalisation, no stripping of marks, no Unicode recomposition.
Parsed structurally from the EPUB: an h3 names the surah, one p per verse with its number in its own span. An unnumbered p is the basmala and is not a verse, except in surah 1 where the basmala IS verse 1. 112 unnumbered paragraphs were found, which is 114 surahs less surah 1 and surah 9. Text is stored VERBATIM: NFC normalisation and XML entity unescaping only, because CC BY-ND forbids modification.
CLEARED on a licence read first-hand from the translator's own download page, not from an aggregator. Tanzil also hosts this translation, but under a blanket "non-commercial purposes only" term that directs the user to the translator or publisher for permission - a hosting disclaimer, not a grant - so the grant was taken from the licensor directly. The "God" edition was ingested; ClearQuran also publishes an "Allah" edition, differing in how the divine name is rendered, which is not ingested.
CLEARED ON THE WORK, WITH TWO RECORDED CAVEATS ON THIS COPY. (1) Rights basis is the expired copyright term, NOT the redistributing repository's licence. That repository dedicates its contents to the public domain under the Unlicense while also redistributing plainly in-copyright translations (Abdel Haleem, Saheeh International, The Study Quran), so it is dedicating rights it cannot hold and its blanket grant is not relied upon here. (2) The file declares its own upstream as tanzil.net, and Tanzil attaches a non-commercial condition to its TRANSLATION distributions, though not to its Qur'anic text. Since Pickthall's copyright has expired, nobody holds rights in these words and no licence is required from anyone; Tanzil's terms are a contract binding those who download from Tanzil, which we did not. The chain is nonetheless not spotless and Anwar may prefer a clean digitisation of the 1930 printing. NOT VERIFIED: that this digital text matches the 1930 first printing rather than a later revised edition. No page images were collated. Recorded as unverified rather than presented as established. SERVED TEXT DIFFERS FROM THE CITED FILE AT ONE VERSE, 37:97: the file reads "red-hotfire" (a glued token, also in Gutenberg #16955); the served row reads "red-hot fire", restored 2026-09-13 from Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran (London: George Allen & Unwin, printed for Alfred A. Knopf; 1930), p. 460, XXXVII 97 - scan archive.org in.ernet.dli.2015.216140, PDF page 475; banked data/derivation-sources/pickthall-1930-dli-2015.216140-text.pdf (sha256 70e81146c97fa3a590243a82e04e349108546074787e2551a78c616202138870) on Anwar Malik's grant.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is not stated by the redistributor and the printing is unverified. No statement of purpose is recorded for Palmer because none was sourced from his own preface in this pass; nothing is asserted on his behalf.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. TWO edition caveats. (1) The upstream is not stated by the redistributor. (2) Rodwell's own edition PRESENTS THE SURAHS IN HIS OWN CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER, not the mushaf order — he says so in his preface. This digital text is keyed to mushaf order, so it derives from a restored-order printing (such as the Everyman edition) rather than from Rodwell's own arrangement. Which printing is not stated and has not been established.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is NOT STATED by the redistributor, so the printing it represents is unverified; Sale's text was reprinted and re-edited many times between 1734 and 1900. Recorded as unverified rather than assumed to be the first edition.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.
CLEARED. Parallel edition, held in ayah_text_variants. It sits alongside the Uthmani spine for search normalisation and is never used to correct it.