Marked words appear in this translation and in no other English translation of this verse. Common small words and older spellings are not marked. The marks show where the wording differs, not where the meaning does.
Talal Itani· published 2012
And We wrote for them in it: a life for a life, an eye for an eye, a nose for a nose, an ear for an ear, a tooth for a tooth, and an equal wound for a wound; but whoever forgoes it in charity, it will serve as atonement for him. Those who do not rule according to what God revealed are the evildoers.
Translation Talal Itani, ClearQuran·Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1875–1936 · published 1930
And We prescribed for them therein: The life for the life, and the eye for the eye, and the nose for the nose, and the ear for the ear, and the tooth for the tooth, and for wounds retaliation. But whoso forgoeth it (in the way of charity) it shall be expiation for him. Whoso judgeth not by that which Allah hath revealed: such are wrong-doers
Sources
Translation Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran·Public domain — copyright term expired
Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran·1930 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work
·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026
Edward Henry Palmer1840–1882 · published 1880
We have prescribed for thee therein 'a life for a life, and an eye for an eye, and a nose for a nose, and an ear for an ear, and a tooth for a tooth, and for wounds retaliation;' but whoso remits it, it is an expiation for him, but he whoso will not judge by what God has revealed, these be the unjust
Sources
Translation Edward Henry Palmer, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
And therein have we enacted for them, "Life for life, and eye for eye, and nose for nose, and ear for ear, and tooth for tooth, and for wounds retaliation:" - Whoso shall compromise it as alms shall have therein the expiation of his sin; and whoso will not judge by what God hath sent down - such are the transgressors
Sources
Translation John Medows Rodwell, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
We have therein commanded them, that they should give life for life, and eye for eye, and nose for nose, and ear for ear, and tooth for tooth; and that wounds should also be punished by retaliation: But whoever should remit it as alms, it should be accepted as an atonement for him. And whoso judgeth not according to what God hath revealed, they are unjust
Sources
Translation George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an·1734 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work
·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026
Other languages (18)Shqip · Albanian
Ne u caktuam atyre në Teurat: jetë për jetë, sy për sy, hundë për hundë, vesh për vesh, dhëmb për dhëmb, por edhe për plagët vlen kisasi (ligji i barazisë në ndëshkim). Kushdo që fal atë (duke hequr dorë nga hakmarrja), atëherë kjo është shlyerje gjynahesh për të. Ata që nuk gjykojnë sipas asaj që ka shpallur Allahu janë zullumqarë të vërtetë.
Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5
বাংলা · Bengali
আর আমি এতে তাদের ওপর অত্যাবশ্যক করে দিয়েছিলাম যে, প্রাণের বদলে প্রাণ, চোখের বদলে চোখ, নাকের বদলে নাক, কানের বদলে কান ও দাঁতের বদলে দাঁত এবং জখমের বদলে সমপরিমাণ জখম । অতঃপর যে ব্যক্তি তা ক্ষমা করে দিবে,
তবে তা তার জন্য কাফফারা হবে। আর যারা আল্লাহর নাযিলকৃত বিধান অনুযায়ী বিচার ফয়সালা করে না, তারাই যালিম।
Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Dawah Association in Rabwah, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.2
Bosanski · Bosnian
Mi smo im u njemu propisali: glava za glavu, i oko za oko, i nos za nos, i uho za uho, i zub za zub, da za rane treba uzvratiti, te da onome ko od odmazde odustane, bit će mu to od grijeha iskupljenje. Oni koji ne sude prema onome što je Allah objavio baš su nepravedni.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 2.0.4
Hrvatski · Croatian
Mi smo im u njemu propisali: glava za glavu, i oko za oko, i nos za nos, i uho za uho, i zub za zub, da za rane treba uzvratiti, te da onome tko od odmazde odustane, bit će mu to od grijeha iskupljenje. Oni koji ne sude prema onome što je Allah objavio baš su nepravedni.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1
Fulfulde · Fulani
Min parlii e maɓɓe ka taTawreeta : won ŋki wonkii ko woŋkii yoɓirtee, yiitere ko yiitere, hinere ko hinere, nofru ko nofru, ñi'ire ko ñi'ire, barme ɗen ko ko yoftondirtee. Kala cakkiiɗo ɗuum, ko kaffaara wonan de mo. Kala mo ñaawiraaniko Alla Jippini kon, ko ɓeen ɗon ngoni tooñuɓe ɓeen.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
ქართული · Georgian
და ჩვენ დავუწესეთ მათ [ისრაელის შთამომავლებს] მასში [თორაში], რომ სული — სულის წილ, თვალი — თვალის წილ, ცხვირი — ცხვირის წილ, ყური — ყურის წილ, კბილი — კბილის წილ, და ჭრილობებისთვის — შურისძიება (სამართლიანი საზღაური). ხოლო ვინც (დაზარალებულთაგან) ამას [თავის შურისძიების უფლებას] მოწყალებად დათმობს [უარს იტყვის შურისძიებაზე], ეს იქნება მისთვის გამოსყიდვა [ზოგი ცოდვისათვის]. და ვინც არ განსჯის იმით, რაც ალლაჰმა ჩამოავლინა, ასეთნი არიან უსამართლონი.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.7
Deutsch · German
Und Wir haben ihnen darin vorgeschrieben: Seele um Seele, Auge um Auge, Nase um Nase, Ohr um Ohr, Zahn um Zahn; und (auch) für Verwundungen (gibt es) Wiedervergeltung. Wer es aber als Almosen erlässt, für den ist es eine Sühne. Und wer nicht nach dem richtet, was Allah (als Offenbarung) hinabgesandt hat, so sind jene die Ungerechten.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.15
Ελληνικά · Greek
Και ορίσαμε γι’ αυτούς μέσα της (Τοράς) ότι: «Ζωή αντί ζωής, οφθαλμόν αντί οφθαλμού, μύτη αντί μύτης, αυτί αντί αυτιού, οδόντα αντί οδόντος και πληγές, ίσες με ίσες. Μα αν κάποιος συγχωρέσει αφήνοντας τα αντίποινα, θα είναι γι’ αυτόν μια εξιλέωση (για κάποιες αμαρτίες του). Και όποιοι δεν κρίνουν μ’ ό,τι έστειλε ο Αλλάχ, πράγματι, τέτοιοι είναι οι άδικοι.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
हिन्दी · Hindi
और हमने उस (तौरात) में उन (यहूदियों) पर लिख दिया कि प्राण के बदले प्राण है और आँख के बदले आँख, नाक के बदले नाक, कान के बदले कान, दाँत के बदले दाँत[32] तथा सभी घावों में बराबर बदला है। फिर जो इस (बदला) को दान (माफ़) कर दे, तो वह उसके (पापों के) लिए प्रायश्चित है। तथा जो उसके अनुसार फ़ैसला न करे जो अल्लाह ने उतारा है, तो वही लोग अत्याचारी हैं।
Translated by Azizul Haq Al-Omari
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.5
Italiano · Italian
E abbiamo prescritto loro in Essa: “In verità vita per vita, occhio per occhio, naso per naso, orecchio per orecchio, dente per dente; per le ferite, c’è la Pena. E chi perdona, è per lui un ‘espiazione. E chi non giudica secondo ciò che Allāh ha fatto scendere, quelli sono gli ingiusti”.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
Lietuvių · Lithuanian
45. Ir Mes įsakėme tame jiems: „Gyvybė už gyvybę, akis už akį, nosis už nosį, ausis už ausį, dantis už dantį, ir žaizdos po lygiai.“ Tačiau jei kas atleidžia nuo keršto kaip labdarą, jam bus atleidimas. Ir kas sprendžia ne pagal tai, ką Allahas apreiškė, tokie yra Zalimūn (daugiadieviai ir nusidėjėliai – žemesniojo rango).
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.8
Afaan Oromoo · Oromo
Isaanirratti barreessine Ishee keessatti "Lubbuun lubbuudhaan, ijji ijaan, funyaan funyaaniin, gurri gurraan, ilkaan ilkaaniin, madaan gumaadha" (jechuun isaan irratti barreessinee) jirra. Namni isa sadaqate (gumaa dhiise) inni isaaf (badii) harcaasaadha. Namni waan Rabbiin buuseen hin murteessin, isaan sun miidhaa raawwattoota.[18]
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.0
Русский · Russian
И в нём Мы предписали им, что душа — за душу, глаз — за глаз, нос — за нос, ухо — за ухо, зуб — за зуб, а за раны — возмездие. Кто простит это в качестве милостыни, то это — искупление для него. А кто не судит по тому, что ниспослал Аллах, то они и есть несправедливые.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1
Српски · Serbian
Ми смо им у њој прописали: глава за главу, и око за око, и нос за нос, и уво за уво, и зуб за зуб, и за ране је одмазда, а онај ко од одмазде одустане, биће му то искупљење од греха. Они који не суде према ономе што је Аллах објавио, заиста, су неправедници.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4
Kiswahili · Swahili
Na humo tuliwaandikia ya kwamba nafsi kwa nafsi, na jicho kwa jicho, na pua kwa pua, na sikio kwa sikio, na jino kwa jino, na kwa majeraha ni kisasi. Lakini mwenye kuitoa kama sadaka, basi hiyo ni kafara kwake. Na yule asiyehukumu kwa yale aliyoyateremsha Mwenyezi Mungu, basi hao ndio madhalimu.
Issued by the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5
Svenska · Swedish
I den föreskrev vi för dem att liv ska ges för liv, öga för öga, näsa för näsa, öra för öra och tand för tand, och att övriga skador fordrar rättvis vedergällning. Men för den som avstår och visar fördragsamhet, blir det till botgöring för honom själv. De som inte dömer enligt det Gud har uppenbarat är sannerligen orättfärdiga.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
Türkçe · Turkish
Kitapta onlara cana can, göze göz, buruna burun, kulağa kulak, dişe diş ve yaralara karşılık kısas yazdık. Kim hakkından vazgeçerse bu onun günahlarına kefaret olur. Allah’ın indirdikleriyle hükmetmeyenler, işte onlar zalimlerdir.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4
اردو · Urdu
اور ہم نے یہودیوں کے ذمہ تورات میں یہ بات مقرر کر دی تھی کہ جان کے بدلے جان اور آنکھ کے بدلے آنکھ اور ناک کے بدلے ناک اور کان کے بدلے کان اور دانت کے بدلے دانت اور خاص زخموں کا بھی بدلہ ہے[1] ، پھر جو شخص اس کو معاف کردے تو وه اس کے لئے کفاره ہے، اور جو لوگ اللہ کے نازل کئے ہوئے کے مطابق حکم نہ کریں، وہی لوگ ﻇالم ہیں۔[2]
Translated by Muhammad Ibrahim Junagarhi, developed under the supervision of the Rowwad Translation Center. The original translation is available for the purpose of expressing opinion, evaluation, and continuous development.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.3
About these translations
5 cleared translations, newest first, by year of publication, so the modern English comes before the historical ones. That is an ordering by date, not a judgement. Each is shown complete — this platform never excerpts a translation — and each renders under its translator's name. No translation here is marked as the correct one.
Which translations appear here is set by copyright: they are the ones whose rights could be documented and cleared. The selection is not a judgement that these are the best.
About easy-read
Easy-read
Easy-read is a simplified pronunciation,
not authoritative — a rule-by-rule romanisation, not a reading.
Each verse ends in its pause form, as it is said when you stop there. Pauses inside a verse and other tajwid rules are not shown. It is derived from the Tanzil
Simple edition, while the Arabic above is the
Uthmani edition; both are cleared, but they are not the
same edition and their orthography differs.
DIN 31635wakayfa yuḥakkimūnaka waʿindahumu t-tawrātu fīhā ḥukmu llāhi ṯumma yatawallawna min baʿdi ḏālika wamā ʾūlāʾika bil-muʾminīna
The translators word this verse differently
Talal Itani2012 But why do they come to you for judgment, when they have the Torah, in which is God's Law? Yet they turn away after that. These are not believers.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 How come they unto thee for judgment when they have the Torah, wherein Allah hath delivered judgment (for them)? Yet even after that they turn away. Such (folk) are not believers
Edward Henry Palmer1880 But how should they make thee their judge, when they have the law wherein is God's judgment? Yet they turn back after that, for they do not believe
John Medows Rodwell1861 But how shall they make thee their judge, since they possess already the Law, in which are the behests of God, and have not obeyed it? After this, they will turn their backs; but such are not believers
George Sale1734 And how will they submit to thy decision, since they have the law, containing the judgment of God? Then will they turn their backs, after this; but those are not true believers
Talal Itani2012 We have revealed the Torah, wherein is guidance and light. The submissive prophets ruled the Jews according to it, so did the rabbis and the scholars, as they were required to protect God's Book, and were witnesses to it. So do not fear people, but fear Me. And do not sell My revelations for a cheap price. Those who do not rule according to what God revealed are the unbelievers.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 Lo! We did reveal the Torah, wherein is guidance and a light, by which the prophets who surrendered (unto Allah) judged the Jews, and the rabbis and the priests (judged) by such of Allah's Scripture as they were bidden to observe, and thereunto were they witnesses. So fear not mankind, but fear Me. And My revelations for a little gain. Whoso judgeth not by that which Allah hath revealed: such are disbelievers
Edward Henry Palmer1880 Verily, we have revealed the law in which is guidance and light; the prophets who we're resigned did judge thereby those who were Jews, as did the masters and doctors by what they remembered of the Book of God and by what they were witnesses of. Fear not men, but fear me, and sell not my signs for a little price; for whoso will not judge by what God has revealed, these be the misbelievers
John Medows Rodwell1861 Verily, we have sent down the law (Towrat) wherein are guidance and light. By it did the prophets who professed Islam judge the Jews; and the doctors and the teachers judged by that portion of the Book of God, of which they were the keepers and the witnesses. Therefore, O Jews! fear not men but fear Me; and barter not away my signs for a mean price! And whoso will not judge by what God hath sent down - such are the Infidels
George Sale1734 We have surely sent down the law, containing direction, and light: Thereby did the prophets, who professed the true religion, judge those who Judaized; and the doctors and priests also judged by the book of God, which had been committed to their custody; and they were witnesses thereof. Therefore fear not men, but fear me; neither sell my signs for a small price. And whoso judgeth not according to what God hath revealed, they are infidels
DIN 31635waqaffaynā ʿalā ʾāṯārihim biʿīsā bni maryama muṣaddiqan limā bayna yadayhi mina t-tawrāti waʾātaynāhu l-ʾinǧīla fīhi hudan wanūrun wamuṣaddiqan limā bayna yadayhi mina t-tawrāti wahudan wamawʿiẓatan lilmuttaqīna
Talal Itani2012 In their footsteps, We sent Jesus son of Mary, fulfilling the Torah that preceded him; and We gave him the Gospel, wherein is guidance and light, and confirming the Torah that preceded him, and guidance and counsel for the righteous.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 And We caused Jesus, son of Mary, to follow in their footsteps, confirming that which was (revealed) before him in the Torah, and We bestowed on him the Gospel wherein is guidance and a light, confirming that which was (revealed) before it in the Torah - a guidance and an admonition unto those who ward off (evil)
Edward Henry Palmer1880 And we followed up the footsteps of these (prophets) with Jesus the son of Mary, confirming that which was before him and the law, and we brought him the gospel, wherein is guidance and light, verifying what was before it of the law, and a guidance and an admonition unto those who fear
John Medows Rodwell1861 And in the footsteps of the prophets caused we Jesus, the son of Mary, to follow, confirming the law which was before him: and we gave him the Evangel with its guidance and light, confirmatory of the preceding Law; a guidance and warning to those who fear God
George Sale1734 We also caused Jesus the son of Mary to follow the footsteps of the prophets, confirming the law which was sent down before him; and we gave him the gospel, containing direction and light; confirming also the law which was given before it, and a direction and admonition unto those who fear God
Talal Itani2012 So let the people of the Gospel rule according to what God revealed in it. Those who do not rule according to what God revealed are the sinners.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 Let the People of the Gospel judge by that which Allah hath revealed therein. Whoso judgeth not by that which Allah hath revealed: such are evil-livers
Edward Henry Palmer1880 Then let the people of the gospel judge by that which is revealed therein, for whoso will not judge by what God has revealed, these be the evildoers
John Medows Rodwell1861 And that the people of the Evangel may judge according to what God hath sent down therein. And whoso will not judge by what God hath sent down - such are the perverse
George Sale1734 That they who have received the gospel might judge according to what God hath revealed therein: And whoso judgeth not according to what God hath revealed, they are transgressors
These figures count the words the translations share. They measure wording, not meaning, and they do not say which translation is right.
Derived measure: mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the
lowercased word sets of the 5 renderings above —
0.62 on a scale
where 0 means identical wording and 1 means no shared words. It is
computed, not judged.
The page says a verse is worded differently only above the cut below. The cut is a stated convention, not a property of the text, and it can be changed.
The cut
0.644
Share of measured verses above it
33%
Verses above it
2,079
Verses measured
6,236
Talal Itani · John Medows Rodwell0.71
Talal Itani · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall0.69
Talal Itani · Edward Henry Palmer0.67
Talal Itani · George Sale0.60
John Medows Rodwell · George Sale0.60
Edward Henry Palmer · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall0.59
Edward Henry Palmer · John Medows Rodwell0.58
Edward Henry Palmer · George Sale0.58
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · George Sale0.58
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · John Medows Rodwell0.56
One bar per pair of renderings, longest bar for the pair
sharing fewest words. Every pair is shown; none is singled out.
Method Wording differences — derived 13 September 2026
Method
Mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the lowercased word sets of the cleared translations of each verse. A verse is marked as worded differently when its score falls in the top third of the corpus — the cut set out in Analysis details.
As at
13 September 2026, 10:56 UTC
Gate
verify/divergence_gate.py re-derives and fails on drift
The platform does not say which is right, and does not
characterise what the difference means. The renderings are placed
together so the difference is visible; reading it is the reader's work.
7 sources
stand behind this page. Each is listed once, in the order the page first
cites it, with the licence it was cleared under and what was actually read.
Nothing on this page rests on a source that is not here.
Source Tanzil Qur'an text (Uthmani) · Uthmani, Version 1.1
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.
CLEARED. Licence read verbatim from the block embedded in this very file. Ingested exactly as shipped: no normalisation, no stripping of marks, no Unicode recomposition.
Parsed structurally from the EPUB: an h3 names the surah, one p per verse with its number in its own span. An unnumbered p is the basmala and is not a verse, except in surah 1 where the basmala IS verse 1. 112 unnumbered paragraphs were found, which is 114 surahs less surah 1 and surah 9. Text is stored VERBATIM: NFC normalisation and XML entity unescaping only, because CC BY-ND forbids modification.
CLEARED on a licence read first-hand from the translator's own download page, not from an aggregator. Tanzil also hosts this translation, but under a blanket "non-commercial purposes only" term that directs the user to the translator or publisher for permission - a hosting disclaimer, not a grant - so the grant was taken from the licensor directly. The "God" edition was ingested; ClearQuran also publishes an "Allah" edition, differing in how the divine name is rendered, which is not ingested.
CLEARED ON THE WORK, WITH TWO RECORDED CAVEATS ON THIS COPY. (1) Rights basis is the expired copyright term, NOT the redistributing repository's licence. That repository dedicates its contents to the public domain under the Unlicense while also redistributing plainly in-copyright translations (Abdel Haleem, Saheeh International, The Study Quran), so it is dedicating rights it cannot hold and its blanket grant is not relied upon here. (2) The file declares its own upstream as tanzil.net, and Tanzil attaches a non-commercial condition to its TRANSLATION distributions, though not to its Qur'anic text. Since Pickthall's copyright has expired, nobody holds rights in these words and no licence is required from anyone; Tanzil's terms are a contract binding those who download from Tanzil, which we did not. The chain is nonetheless not spotless and Anwar may prefer a clean digitisation of the 1930 printing. NOT VERIFIED: that this digital text matches the 1930 first printing rather than a later revised edition. No page images were collated. Recorded as unverified rather than presented as established. SERVED TEXT DIFFERS FROM THE CITED FILE AT ONE VERSE, 37:97: the file reads "red-hotfire" (a glued token, also in Gutenberg #16955); the served row reads "red-hot fire", restored 2026-09-13 from Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran (London: George Allen & Unwin, printed for Alfred A. Knopf; 1930), p. 460, XXXVII 97 - scan archive.org in.ernet.dli.2015.216140, PDF page 475; banked data/derivation-sources/pickthall-1930-dli-2015.216140-text.pdf (sha256 70e81146c97fa3a590243a82e04e349108546074787e2551a78c616202138870) on Anwar Malik's grant.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is not stated by the redistributor and the printing is unverified. No statement of purpose is recorded for Palmer because none was sourced from his own preface in this pass; nothing is asserted on his behalf.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. TWO edition caveats. (1) The upstream is not stated by the redistributor. (2) Rodwell's own edition PRESENTS THE SURAHS IN HIS OWN CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER, not the mushaf order — he says so in his preface. This digital text is keyed to mushaf order, so it derives from a restored-order printing (such as the Everyman edition) rather than from Rodwell's own arrangement. Which printing is not stated and has not been established.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is NOT STATED by the redistributor, so the printing it represents is unverified; Sale's text was reprinted and re-edited many times between 1734 and 1900. Recorded as unverified rather than assumed to be the first edition.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.
CLEARED. Parallel edition, held in ayah_text_variants. It sits alongside the Uthmani spine for search normalisation and is never used to correct it.