Marked words appear in this translation and in no other English translation of this verse. Common small words and older spellings are not marked. The marks show where the wording differs, not where the meaning does.
Talal Itani· published 2012
As for those of your women who have reachedmenopause, if you have any doubts, their term shall be three months-and also for those who have not yet menstruated. As for those who are pregnant, their term shall be until they have delivered. Whoever fears God-He will make things easy for him.
Translation Talal Itani, ClearQuran·Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1875–1936 · published 1930
And for such of your women as despair of menstruation, if ye doubt, their period (of waiting) shall be three months, along with those who have it not. And for those with child, their period shall be till they bringforth their burden. And whosoever keepeth his duty to Allah, He maketh his course easy for him
Sources
Translation Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran·Public domain — copyright term expired
Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran·1930 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work
·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026
Edward Henry Palmer1840–1882 · published 1880
And such of your women as despair of menstruation,- if ye doubt, then their term is three months; and such as have not menstruated too. And those who are heavy with child their appointed time is when they have laid down their burden; and whosoever fears God, He will make for him an easy affair
Sources
Translation Edward Henry Palmer, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
As to such of your wives as have no hope of the recurrence of their times, if ye have doubts in regard to them, then reckon three months, and let the same be the term of those who have not yet had them. And as to those who are with child, their period shall be until they are delivered of their burden. God will make His command easy to him who feareth Him
Sources
Translation John Medows Rodwell, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
As to such of your wives as shall despair having their courses, by reason of their age; if ye be in doubt thereof, let their term be three months: And let the same be the term of those who have not yet had their courses. But as to those who are pregnant, their term shall be, until they be delivered of their burden. And whoso feareth God, unto him will He make his command easy
Sources
Translation George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an·1734 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work
·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026
Other languages (18)Shqip · Albanian
Nëse dyshoni për ato gra që u janë ndërprerë të përmuajshmet, koha e pritjes së tyre është tre muaj, ashtu si edhe për ato që nuk u kanë ardhur ende të përmuajshmet. Ndërkaq, afati i shtatzënave është deri në lindje. Atij që i frikësohet Allahut, Ai ia lehtëson çështjen.
Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5
বাংলা · Bengali
তোমাদের স্ত্রীদের মধ্যে যারা ঋতুমতী হওয়ার ব্যাপারে নিরাশ হয়ে গেছে, তাদের ইদ্দতের ব্যাপারে তোমরা যদি সংশয়ে থাকো, তাদের ইদ্দত তিন মাস এবং যারা এখনও ঋতুর বয়সে পৌঁছেনি। (৪) আর গর্ভবতী নারীর ইদ্দতকাল সন্তান প্রসব হওয়া পর্যন্ত। যে আল্লাহকে ভয় করে, তিনি তার জন্য তার (সকল) কাজকে সহজ করে দেন।
Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Dawah Association in Rabwah, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.2
Bosanski · Bosnian
A one žene vaše, koje su nadu u mjesečno pranje izgubile – ako sumnjate – one treba da čekaju tri mjeseca, a i one koje ga još nisu dobile! Vrijeme čekanja za trudne žene jeste porod. A onome ko se Allaha boji, On će u svemu lahkoću dati.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 2.0.4
Hrvatski · Croatian
A one žene vaše, koje su nadu u mjesečno pranje izgubile – ako sumnjate – one trebaju čekati tri mjeseca, a i one koje ga još nisu dobile! Vrijeme čekanja za trudne žene jest porod. A onome tko se Allaha boji, On će u svemu lakoću dati.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1
Fulfulde · Fulani
ɓeen suddiiɓe mon fiɓtiiɓe fiilayru si on cikkatiima edda mu'en ko lebbi tati e ɓeen ɓe piilataako edda mu' en ko lebbi tati, debadeedi en noon edda maɓɓe gasata ko nde ɓe njibini, kala kulɗo Alla o waɗana mbo newaare e fiyaaku makko.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
ქართული · Georgian
თქვენი ცოლებიდან ისინი, ვინც მენსტრუაციას აღარ ელიან
[ასაკოვანი ქალები, რომელთაც მენსტრუაცია აღარ აქვთ] — თუ ეჭვი გეპარებათ მათი მდგომარეობის შესახებ, მათი ვადა სამი თვეა; ასევე მათთვის, ვისაც ჯერ კიდევ არ ჰქონია მენსტრუაცია
[ძალიან ახალგაზრდა ცოლებისთვის]. ხოლო ისინი, ვინც ორსულად არიან, მათი (განქორწინების) ვადა ის დროა, სანამ თავიანთ ტვირთს არ დადებენ [სანამ არ იმშობიარებენ]. და ვისაც ეშინია ალლაჰის (მისი სასჯელის), ის მას საქმეს გააიოლებს, როგორც ამ ქვეყნად, ისე მარადიულ ცხოვრებაშიც.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.7
Deutsch · German
Und diejenigen von euren Frauen, die keine Menstruation mehr erwarten, wenn ihr Zweifel habt, so beträgt ihre Wartezeit drei Monate; und ebenso derjenigen, die (noch) keine Menstruation haben. Diejenigen, die schwanger sind - ihre (Warte)frist ist (erreicht), wenn sie mit dem niederkommen, was sie (in ihren Leibern) tragen. Und wer Allah fürchtet, dem schafft Er in seiner Angelegenheit Erleichterung.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.15
Ελληνικά · Greek
Και όσο για τις γυναίκες σας στην εμμηνόπαυση, γι’ αυτές - αν αμφιβάλλετε - η ‘Εΐντα (περίοδος αναμονής) τους είναι τρεις μήνες· (το ίδιο) και γι’ αυτές που δεν έχουν ακόμη έμμηνο ρύση. Και όσο γι’ αυτές που είναι έγκυες, η ‘Εΐντα (ορισμένη περίοδος αναμονής) τους είναι μέχρι να γεννήσουν. Και όποιος φυλάσσεται από την τιμωρία του Αλλάχ (τηρώντας τις Εντολές Του), (ο Αλλάχ) θα του διευκολύνει όλες τις υποθέσεις του.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
हिन्दी · Hindi
तथा तुम्हारी स्त्रियों में से जो मासिक धर्म से निराश हो चुकी हैं, यदि तुम्हें संदेह हो, तो उनकी इद्दत[4] तीन मास है और उनकी भी जिन्हें मासिक धर्म नहीं आया। और गर्भवती स्त्रियों की 'इद्दत' यह है कि वे अपना गर्भ जन दें। तथा जो अल्लाह से डरेगा, वह उसके लिए उसके काम में आसानी पैदा कर देगाा।
Translated by Azizul Haq Al-Omari
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.5
Italiano · Italian
E per quelle tra le vostre donne che hanno raggiunto la menopausa – se ne siete in dubbio – il loro termine è di tre mesi; altrettanto vale per quelle che non hanno il ciclo, e per le gestanti, il loro termine scade col parto. E a chi teme Allāh, Lui agevolerà la vita.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
Lietuvių · Lithuanian
4. O tų iš jūsų moterų tarpo, kurios daugiau nebesitiki menstruacijų, jei jūs abejojate (dėl jų menstruacijų) – tada jų laikotarpis (ida) yra trys mėnesiai ir tų, kurios neturi menstruacijų (t. y. dar nepasiekusių brandos), jų ida (laukimo laikotarpis) yra (taip pat) trys mėnesiai, išskyrus mirties atveju. O tų, kurios laukiasi (ar jos būtų išsiskyrusios ar našlės), jų ida (laukimo laikotarpis) yra iki kol jos pagimdys. Ir kas bijo Allaho ir išpildo savo pareigas Jam, tam Jis palengvins jo reikalus.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.0
Русский · Russian
А те из ваших женщин, которые утратили надежду на [возобновление] менструаций, — если вы сомневаетесь, то их срок — три месяца, и то же — для тех, у кого ещё не было менструаций. А беременные — их срок до тех пор, пока они не разрешатся от бремени. А кто боится Аллаха, тому Он устроит облегчение в его деле.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1
Српски · Serbian
А оне ваше жене, које су изгубиле наду у месечно прање - ако сумњате - оне треба да чекају три месеца, а и оне које га још нису добиле! Време чекања за трудне жене јесте порођај. А ономе ко се Аллаха боји, Он ће му у свему олакшати.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4
Kiswahili · Swahili
Na wale waliosita hedhi miongoni mwa wanawake wenu, ikiwa mnayo shaka, basi muda wa eda yao ni miezi mitatu, pamoja na ambao hawapati hedhi. Na wenye mimba, eda yao ni mpaka watakapozaa. Na anayemcha Mwenyezi Mungu, Mwenyezi Mungu humfanyia mambo yake kuwa mepesi.
Issued by the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5
Svenska · Swedish
Om ni är osäkra kring väntetiden för de av era kvinnor vars menstruation har upphört [för gott], är den tre månader, och samma gäller för de som inte får menstruation. För gravida är väntetiden tills de föder sitt barn. Den som fruktar Gud ska han göra det lätt för.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
Türkçe · Turkish
Kadınlarınızdan âdetten kesilmiş olanlar hakkında (hüküm nedir diye) tereddüt ederseniz, onların bekleme süresi üç aydır. Henüz âdet görmemiş olanlar da böyledir. Hamile kadınların bekleme süresi, yüklerini bırakıncaya kadardır. Kim Allah’tan sakınırsa, ona işinde bir kolaylık sağlar.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4
اردو · Urdu
تمہاری عورتوں میں سے جو عورتیں حیض سے ناامید ہو گئی ہوں، اگر تمہیں شبہ ہو تو ان کی عدت تین مہینے ہے اور ان کی بھی جنہیں حیض آنا شروع ہی نہ ہوا ہو[1] اور حاملہ عورتوں کی عدت ان کے وضع حمل ہے[2] اور جو شخص اللہ تعالیٰ سے ڈرے گا اللہ اس کے (ہر) کام میں آسانی کر دے گا.
Translated by Muhammad Ibrahim Junagarhi, developed under the supervision of the Rowwad Translation Center. The original translation is available for the purpose of expressing opinion, evaluation, and continuous development.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.3
About these translations
5 cleared translations, newest first, by year of publication, so the modern English comes before the historical ones. That is an ordering by date, not a judgement. Each is shown complete — this platform never excerpts a translation — and each renders under its translator's name. No translation here is marked as the correct one.
Which translations appear here is set by copyright: they are the ones whose rights could be documented and cleared. The selection is not a judgement that these are the best.
About easy-read
Easy-read
Easy-read is a simplified pronunciation,
not authoritative — a rule-by-rule romanisation, not a reading.
Each verse ends in its pause form, as it is said when you stop there. Pauses inside a verse and other tajwid rules are not shown. It is derived from the Tanzil
Simple edition, while the Arabic above is the
Uthmani edition; both are cleared, but they are not the
same edition and their orthography differs.
Talal Itani2012 Once they have reached their term, either retain them honorably, or separate from them honorably. And call to witness two just people from among you, and give upright testimony for God. By that is exhorted whoever believes in God and the Last Day. And whoever fears God-He will make a way out for him.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 Then, when they have reached their term, take them back in kindness or part from them in kindness, and call to witness two just men among you, and keep your testimony upright for Allah. Whoso believeth in Allah and the Last Day is exhorted to act thus. And whosoever keepeth his duty to Allah, Allah will appoint a way out for him
Edward Henry Palmer1880 And when they have reached their appointed time, then retain them with kindness, or separate from them with kindness; and bring as witnesses men of equity from among you; and give upright testimony to God. That is what He admonishes him who believes in God and the last day; and whosoever fears God, He will make for him a (happy) issue
John Medows Rodwell1861 And when they have reached their set time, then either keep them with kindness, or in kindness part from them. And take upright witnesses from among you, and bear witness as unto God. This is a caution for him who believeth in God and in the latter day. And whoso feareth God, to him will He grant a prosperous issue, and will provide for him whence he reckoned not upon it
George Sale1734 And when they shall have fulfilled their term, either retain them with kindness, or part from them honourably: And take witnesses from among you, men of integrity; and give your testimony as in the presence of God: This admonition is given unto him who believeth in God and the last day: And whoso feareth God, unto him will He grant a happy issue out of all his afflictions
DIN 31635wayarzuqhu min ḥayṯu lā yaḥtasibu waman yatawakkal ʿalā llāhi fahuwa ḥasbuhu ʾinna llāha bāliġu ʾamrihi qad ǧaʿala llāhu likulli šayʾin qadran
The translators word this verse differently
Talal Itani2012 And will provide for him from where he never expected. Whoever relies on God-He will suffice him. God will accomplish His purpose. God has set a measure to all things.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 And will provide for him from (a quarter) whence he hath no expectation. And whosoever putteth his trust in Allah, He will suffice him. Lo! Allah bringeth His command to pass. Allah hath set a measure for all things
Edward Henry Palmer1880 and will provide for him from whence he reckoned not. And whosoever relies on God, He is sufficient for him: verily, God will attain His purpose:- God has set for everything a period
John Medows Rodwell1861 And for him who putteth his trust in Him will God be all-sufficient. God truly will attain his purpose. For everything hath God assigned a period
George Sale1734 and He will bestow on him an ample provision from whence he expecteth it not: And whoso trusteth in God, He will be his sufficient support; for God will surely attain his purpose. Now hath God appointed unto every thing a determined period
Talal Itani2012 This is the ordinance of God, which He sent down to you. Whoever fears God-He will remit his sins, and will amplify his reward.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 That is the commandment of Allah which He revealeth unto you. And whoso keepeth his duty to Allah, He will remit from him his evil deeds and magnify reward for him
Edward Henry Palmer1880 That is God's command, He has sent it down to you; and whosoever fears God He will cover for him his offences and will make grand for him his hire
John Medows Rodwell1861 This is God's command which He hath sent down to you: Whoso feareth God, his evil deeds will He cancel and will increase his reward
George Sale1734 This is the command of God, which He hath sent down unto you. And whoso feareth God, He will expiate his evil deeds from him, and will increase his reward
DIN 31635ʾaskinūhunna min ḥayṯu sakantum min wuǧdikum walā tuḍārrūhunna lituḍayyiqū ʿalayhinna waʾin kunna ʾūlāti ḥamlin faʾanfiqū ʿalayhinna ḥattā yaḍaʿna ḥamlahunna faʾin ʾarḍaʿna lakum faʾātūhunna ʾuǧūrahunna waʾtamirū baynakum bimaʿrūfin waʾin taʿāsartum fasaturḍiʿu lahu ʾuḫrā
The translators word this verse differently
Talal Itani2012 Allow them to reside where you reside, according to your means, and do not harass them in order to make things difficult for them. If they are pregnant, spend on them until they give birth. And if they nurse your infant, give them their payment. And conduct your relation in amity. But if you disagree, then let another woman nurse him.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 Lodge them where ye dwell, according to your wealth, and harass them not so as to straiten life for them. And if they are with child, then spend for them till they bring forth their burden. Then, if they give suck for you, give them their due payment and consult together in kindness; but if ye make difficulties for one another, then let some other woman give suck for him (the father of the child)
Edward Henry Palmer1880 Let them dwell where ye dwell, according to your means, and do not harm them, to reduce them to straits; and if they be heavy with child, then pay for them until they lay down their burdens; and if they suckle (the child) for you, then give them their hire, and consult among yourselves in reason; but if ye be in difficulties, and another woman shall suckle the child for him
John Medows Rodwell1861 Lodge the divorced wherever ye lodge, according to your means; and distress them not by putting them to straits. And if they are pregnant, then be at charges for the them till they are delivered of their burden; and if they suckle your children, then pay them their hire and consult among yourselves, and act generously: And if herin ye meet with obstacles, then let another female suckle for him
George Sale1734 Suffer the women whom ye divorce to dwell in some part of the houses wherein ye dwell; according to the room and conveniences of the habitations which ye possess: And make them not uneasy, that ye may reduce them to straits. And if they be with child, expend on them what shall be needful, until they be delivered of their burden. And if they suckle their children for you, give them their hire; and consult among yourselves, according to what shall be just and reasonable. And if ye be put to a difficulty herein, and another woman shall suckle the child for him
These figures count the words the translations share. They measure wording, not meaning, and they do not say which translation is right.
Derived measure: mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the
lowercased word sets of the 5 renderings above —
0.59 on a scale
where 0 means identical wording and 1 means no shared words. It is
computed, not judged.
The page says a verse is worded differently only above the cut below. The cut is a stated convention, not a property of the text, and it can be changed.
The cut
0.644
Share of measured verses above it
33%
Verses above it
2,079
Verses measured
6,236
Talal Itani · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall0.68
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · George Sale0.64
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · John Medows Rodwell0.63
Edward Henry Palmer · George Sale0.63
Edward Henry Palmer · John Medows Rodwell0.62
Talal Itani · John Medows Rodwell0.59
Talal Itani · Edward Henry Palmer0.58
Talal Itani · George Sale0.57
Edward Henry Palmer · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall0.56
John Medows Rodwell · George Sale0.40
One bar per pair of renderings, longest bar for the pair
sharing fewest words. Every pair is shown; none is singled out.
Method Wording differences — derived 13 September 2026
Method
Mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the lowercased word sets of the cleared translations of each verse. A verse is marked as worded differently when its score falls in the top third of the corpus — the cut set out in Analysis details.
As at
13 September 2026, 10:56 UTC
Gate
verify/divergence_gate.py re-derives and fails on drift
The platform does not say which is right, and does not
characterise what the difference means. The renderings are placed
together so the difference is visible; reading it is the reader's work.
7 sources
stand behind this page. Each is listed once, in the order the page first
cites it, with the licence it was cleared under and what was actually read.
Nothing on this page rests on a source that is not here.
Source Tanzil Qur'an text (Uthmani) · Uthmani, Version 1.1
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.
CLEARED. Licence read verbatim from the block embedded in this very file. Ingested exactly as shipped: no normalisation, no stripping of marks, no Unicode recomposition.
Parsed structurally from the EPUB: an h3 names the surah, one p per verse with its number in its own span. An unnumbered p is the basmala and is not a verse, except in surah 1 where the basmala IS verse 1. 112 unnumbered paragraphs were found, which is 114 surahs less surah 1 and surah 9. Text is stored VERBATIM: NFC normalisation and XML entity unescaping only, because CC BY-ND forbids modification.
CLEARED on a licence read first-hand from the translator's own download page, not from an aggregator. Tanzil also hosts this translation, but under a blanket "non-commercial purposes only" term that directs the user to the translator or publisher for permission - a hosting disclaimer, not a grant - so the grant was taken from the licensor directly. The "God" edition was ingested; ClearQuran also publishes an "Allah" edition, differing in how the divine name is rendered, which is not ingested.
CLEARED ON THE WORK, WITH TWO RECORDED CAVEATS ON THIS COPY. (1) Rights basis is the expired copyright term, NOT the redistributing repository's licence. That repository dedicates its contents to the public domain under the Unlicense while also redistributing plainly in-copyright translations (Abdel Haleem, Saheeh International, The Study Quran), so it is dedicating rights it cannot hold and its blanket grant is not relied upon here. (2) The file declares its own upstream as tanzil.net, and Tanzil attaches a non-commercial condition to its TRANSLATION distributions, though not to its Qur'anic text. Since Pickthall's copyright has expired, nobody holds rights in these words and no licence is required from anyone; Tanzil's terms are a contract binding those who download from Tanzil, which we did not. The chain is nonetheless not spotless and Anwar may prefer a clean digitisation of the 1930 printing. NOT VERIFIED: that this digital text matches the 1930 first printing rather than a later revised edition. No page images were collated. Recorded as unverified rather than presented as established. SERVED TEXT DIFFERS FROM THE CITED FILE AT ONE VERSE, 37:97: the file reads "red-hotfire" (a glued token, also in Gutenberg #16955); the served row reads "red-hot fire", restored 2026-09-13 from Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran (London: George Allen & Unwin, printed for Alfred A. Knopf; 1930), p. 460, XXXVII 97 - scan archive.org in.ernet.dli.2015.216140, PDF page 475; banked data/derivation-sources/pickthall-1930-dli-2015.216140-text.pdf (sha256 70e81146c97fa3a590243a82e04e349108546074787e2551a78c616202138870) on Anwar Malik's grant.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is not stated by the redistributor and the printing is unverified. No statement of purpose is recorded for Palmer because none was sourced from his own preface in this pass; nothing is asserted on his behalf.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. TWO edition caveats. (1) The upstream is not stated by the redistributor. (2) Rodwell's own edition PRESENTS THE SURAHS IN HIS OWN CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER, not the mushaf order — he says so in his preface. This digital text is keyed to mushaf order, so it derives from a restored-order printing (such as the Everyman edition) rather than from Rodwell's own arrangement. Which printing is not stated and has not been established.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is NOT STATED by the redistributor, so the printing it represents is unverified; Sale's text was reprinted and re-edited many times between 1734 and 1900. Recorded as unverified rather than assumed to be the first edition.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.
CLEARED. Parallel edition, held in ayah_text_variants. It sits alongside the Uthmani spine for search normalisation and is never used to correct it.