عَالَمِين AALAMIN Read the Qur'an in context Read the Qur'an

What does the Qur'an mean that animals are 'communities like you'?

Key findingsEditorial

One finding for each passage this study carries, in the order the study reads them. Each is the reason that passage was signed into the study, in full and unedited - including, where the renderings disagree, the disagreement.

  1. 01 6:38 There is not an animal in the earth, nor a flying creature flying on two wings, but they are PEOPLES LIKE UNTO YOU. We have neglected nothing in the Book. Then unto their Lord they will be gathered. In because it is the verse the question quotes and the only one that makes the statement, and because its last clause - they will be gathered to their Lord - is the part usually dropped.
  2. 02 24:41 Hast thou not seen that God, He it is Whom all who are in the heavens and the earth praise, and the birds in their flight? Of each He knoweth verily the worship and the praise. In because it credits birds with a worship of their own that God knows and the reader does not. DECLARED DUAL-PLACEMENT from What does the Qur'an say about bees, ants and birds as communities?, where the reason is different.
In plain wordsEditorial written by the editors, not a translation

Written by the editors. Not a translation, and not a source. It is an editorial restatement of the verses in this study and carries their name because someone has to answer for it.

One verse says it, and it says a great deal.

6:38: there is not an animal in the earth, nor a bird that flies on two wings, but they are PEOPLES LIKE UNTO YOU. Then two further clauses that are usually left off. We have neglected nothing in the Book. And: then unto their Lord they will be gathered.

The last clause is the one that gives the verse its weight. Whatever peoples like unto you means, the verse does not stop at a comparison - it ends by putting animals into the same gathering as everyone else. That is a far stronger statement than an analogy about social organisation.

What the verse does NOT do is explain itself. It does not say in what respect they are like you - species, community, accountability, or something else - and no verse elsewhere in these renderings defines it. The word the four translators reach for varies: nations, peoples, folk, communities. That spread is worth noticing, because a reader in English is being handed an interpretation with the word.

24:41 is carried here as a declared dual-placement and adds one thing 6:38 leaves open: the birds in their flight praise God, and OF EACH He knows its worship and its praise. Not that they praise in general, but that each one's worship is known.

Seven verses were dropped, all of them matched on the idiom a mortal like you or the folk of - said by objectors about a prophet, or about human peoples. That idiom is common and it is not this subject. The instances - the bee, the ant, the hoopoe, the birds - are carried by What does the Qur'an say about bees, ants and birds as communities?

not a scholar — what this signature means

I am not a scholar, and nothing here asks you to treat me as one. The plain words on this site are my restatement of what the five translations shown above say, together with counts derived from the text itself — nothing more. I sign them so that a named person is accountable for every sentence, not so you'll take my word for anything. The authority on this page is the text and its translators. If my words don't match theirs, mine are the ones that are wrong.

Scope of this study

This platform shows the verse, its easy-read line, its translations, a plain-words reading, and each verse among its neighbours. It does not supply occasion of revelation, interpretation (tafsir) or history, and it never invents them.

What this study does not answer, and which source would be needed. It does not say on what occasion any of these verses was given: this study holds no source whose usage rights can be verified. It does not report how any commentator has read them: this study holds no either - the Arabic of , and is public domain by age, but no English edition with verifiable usage rights exists. And it offers no academic-historical reading: this study holds no such scholarship. Each of those is an absence with a named cause, not an omission.

What this rests on

Opens with 6:38, widening across 2 passages in all.

Easy-read is a simplified pronunciation, not authoritative — a rule-by-rule romanisation, not a reading. Each verse ends in its pause form, as it is said when you stop there. Pauses inside a verse and other tajwid rules are not shown. It is derived from the Tanzil Simple edition, while the Arabic above is the Uthmani edition; both are cleared, but they are not the same edition and their orthography differs.

The versesSource fact 2 passages, each with every cleared translation

2 passages, chosen for this question and signed as part of it. Each carries the reason it is here, and each renders in full: the Arabic, then every cleared translation of that verse under its translator's name.

Each verse opens on the translation that comes first in the site's fixed order, which runs from the newest translation to the oldest. The order is not a preference. Open Compare translations on any verse to read the others.

6:38

Why this passage is in the study finding 01

وَمَا مِن دَآبَّةٍ فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ وَلَا طَٰٓئِرٍ يَطِيرُ بِجَنَاحَيْهِ إِلَّآ أُمَمٌ أَمْثَالُكُم مَّا فَرَّطْنَا فِى ٱلْكِتَٰبِ مِن شَىْءٍ ثُمَّ إِلَىٰ رَبِّهِمْ يُحْشَرُونَ

Easy-read · not authoritative

Easy-read (simplified)wamaa min daabbatin fee l-'ardi walaa taa'irin yateeru bijanaahayhi illaa umamun amthaalukum maa farratnaa fee l-kitaabi min shay'in thumma ilaa rabbihim yuhsharoon

DIN 31635wamā min dābbatin fī l-ʾarḍi walā ṭāʾirin yaṭīru biǧanāḥayhi ʾillā ʾumamun ʾamṯālukum mā farraṭnā fī l-kitābi min šayʾin ṯumma ʾilā rabbihim yuḥšarūna

EditionTanzil Qur'an text (Uthmani) ·Creative Commons Attribution 3.0

Talal Itani published 2012

There is no animal on land, nor a bird flying with its wings, but are communities like you. We neglected nothing in the Scripture. Then to their Lord they will be gathered.

Compare translations (4)
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall published 1930

There is not an animal in the earth, nor a flying creature flying on two wings, but they are peoples like unto you. We have neglected nothing in the Book (of Our decrees). Then unto their Lord they will be gathered

Edward Henry Palmer published 1880

There is not a beast upon the earth nor a bird that flies with both its wings, but is a nation like to you; we have omitted nothing from the Book; then to their Lord shall they be gathered

John Medows Rodwell published 1861

No kind of beast is there on earth nor fowl that flieth with its wings, but is a folk like you: nothing have we passed over in the Book: then unto their Lord shall they be gathered

George Sale published 1734

There is not an animal that crawls in the earth, nor a bird that flies on its two wings, but they are communities like you. We have left out nothing in the Book. Then to their Lord shall they all be gathered together

Sources

EditionTanzil Qur'an text (Uthmani) ·Uthmani, Version 1.1·Tanzil Project ·Creative Commons Attribution 3.0·retrieved 24 Aug 2026

Receipts Tanzil Qur'an text (Uthmani) · Uthmani, Version 1.1
Edition
Uthmani, Version 1.1
Custodian
Tanzil Project
Layer
canonical text
Licence
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0
Licence URL
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Commercial use
yes
Modification
contradictory
Licence text
read verbatim
Review state
cleared
Retrieved
24 August 2026
Digest
203f0f1bf3158b1e5be4ab9f8f6870e5…
Located at
https://tanzil.net/pub/download/index.php?quranType=uthmani&outType=xml
Convention
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.

CLEARED. Licence read verbatim from the block embedded in this very file. Ingested exactly as shipped: no normalisation, no stripping of marks, no Unicode recomposition.

Every source and rights decision →

Other languages (18)
Shqip · Albanian

Të gjitha gjallesat në tokë dhe të gjithë shpendët që fluturojnë me krahët e vet janë vetëm bashkësi sikurse ju. Ne nuk kemi lënë në Libër[2] asgjë mangët. Pastaj, te Zoti i tyre do të tubohen të gjithë.

Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5

বাংলা · Bengali

আর জমিনে বিচরণকারী প্রতিটি প্রাণী এবং ডানার সাহায্যে উড়ে এমন প্রতিটি পাখি, (সৃষ্টি ও রিযকের ক্ষেত্রে) তোমাদের মত এক একটি জাতি। আমি কিতাবে (লাওহে মাহফূযে) কোনো কিছু বাদ দেইনি। অতঃপর তাদেরকে তাদের রবের কাছে সমবেত করা হবে।

Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Dawah Association in Rabwah, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.2

Bosanski · Bosnian

Nema nijednog živog bića koje po zemlji hodi, niti ptice koja na krilima svojim leti, a da nisu zajednice poput vas. U Knjizi Mi ništa izostavili nismo – a naposljetku, svi će pred Gospodarom svojim biti sakupljeni.

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 2.0.4

Hrvatski · Croatian

Nema nijednog živog bića koje po zemlji hodi, niti ptice koja na krilima svojim leti, a da nisu zajednice poput vas. U Knjizi Mi ništa izostavili nismo – a naposljetku, svi će pred Gospodarom svojim biti sakupljeni.

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1

Fulfulde · Fulani

Alaa e duɓɓoowel ka leydi, wanaa sonndu ndu hundu diwira bibje mum ɗiɗi, si wanaa ko mofte yeruuje mo'on. Min Accaani huunde ka deftere. Refti ko ka Joomi maɓɓe ɓe mooɓoytee=rentite.

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2

ქართული · Georgian

და არ არსებობს არც ერთი ცხოველი დედამიწაზე და არც ერთი ფრინველი, რომელიც დაფრინავს ცაში თავისი ორი ფრთით, რომ ისინი არ იყვნენ თემები, თქვენი მსგავსნი (ო, ადამიანებო)[1]. არაფერი გამოგვიტოვებია ჩვენ წიგნში [დაცულ ფირფიტაში]. შემდეგ ისინი თავიანთი უფლის წინაშე იქნებიან შეკრებილნი.

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.7

Deutsch · German

Und es gibt kein Tier auf der Erde und keinen Vogel, der mit seinen beiden Flügeln fliegt, die nicht Gemeinschaften wären gleich euch. Wir haben im Buch nichts vernachlässigt. Hierauf werden sie zu ihrem Herrn versammelt.

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.15

Ελληνικά · Greek

Δεν υπάρχει κανένα κινούμενο (ζωντανό) πλάσμα, ούτε ένα πουλί που να πετάει με τα δύο φτερά του, παρά να είναι έθνη σαν εσάς. Δεν αφήσαμε τίποτε χωρίς να το έχουμε καταγράψει (στο Αλ-Λάουχ Αλ-Μαχφούδ). Έπειτα, στον Κύριό τους θα συγκεντρωθούν.

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2

हिन्दी · Hindi

तथा धरती में न कोई चलने वाला है तथा न कोई उड़ने वाला, जो अपने दो पंखों से उड़ता है, परंतु तुम्हारी जैसी जातियाँ हैं। हमने पुस्तक[30] में किसी चीज़ की कमी[31] नहीं छोड़ी। फिर वे अपने पालनहार की ओर एकत्र किए जाएँगे।[32]

Translated by Azizul Haq Al-Omari

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.5

Italiano · Italian

E non ci sono in terra creature e uccelli che svolazzano con le loro ali, che non siano anche loro una comunità come voi – non abbiamo tralasciato nel Libro nulla: poi verranno condotti dal loro Dio.

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2

Lietuvių · Lithuanian

38. Nėra jokio judančio (gyvo) kūrinio žemėje, nei paukčio, kuris skraido savo dviem sparnais, tačiau yra bendruomenės kaip jūsų. Mes neapleidome nieko Knygoje, tada pas savo Viešpatį jie (visi) bus surinkti.

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.8

Afaan Oromoo · Oromo

Deddeemtuu dachii keessaas ta'ee simbirroon koola isaa lamaaniin bararus ummatoota akka keessanii malee hin taane. Kitaaba keessatti Nuti homaa hin dhiifne. Ergasii gara Gooftaa isaanii oofamu.[8]

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.0

Русский · Russian

Нет ни одного живого существа на земле и ни одной птицы, летящей на своих крыльях, которые не были бы общинами, подобными вам. Мы ничего не упустили в Писании, а затем к своему Господу они будут собраны.

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1

Српски · Serbian

Нема ниједног живог бића које по Земљи ходи, нити птице која на крилима својим лети, а да нису заједнице попут вас. У Књизи Ми ништа изоставили нисмо - а на крају, сви ће пред својим Господарем да буду сакупљени.

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4

Kiswahili · Swahili

Na hakuna mnyama yeyote katika ardhi, wala ndege anayepaa kwa mbawa zake mbili, isipokuwa ni umma kama nyinyi. Hatukupuuza kitu chochote katika Kitabu. Kisha kwa Mola wao Mlezi watakusanywa.

Issued by the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5

Svenska · Swedish

Det finns ingen varelse på jorden och ingen fågel som flyger med sina vingar som inte bildar samhällen liksom ni. Vi har inte försummat något i den [bevarade] boken. Till slut ska de samlas åter till sin Herre.

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2

Türkçe · Turkish

Yeryüzünde gezen her türlü canlı ve (gökte) iki kanadıyla uçan bütün kuşlar, ancak sizin gibi birer ümmettirler. Biz o Kitap'ta (Levh-i Mahfuz'da) hiçbir şeyi eksik bırakmadık; sonra (bütün bunlar) Rablerinin huzuruna getirileceklerdir.

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4

اردو · Urdu

اور جتنے قسم کے جاندار زمین پر چلنے والے ہیں اور جتنے قسم کے پرند جانور ہیں کہ اپنے دونوں بازوؤں سے اڑتے ہیں ان میں کوئی قسم ایسی نہیں جو کہ تمہاری طرح کے گروه نہ ہوں[1] ، ہم نے دفتر میں کوئی چیز نہیں چھوڑی[2] پھر سب اپنے پروردگار کے پاس جمع کئے جائیں گے۔[3]

Translated by Muhammad Ibrahim Junagarhi, developed under the supervision of the Rowwad Translation Center. The original translation is available for the purpose of expressing opinion, evaluation, and continuous development.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.3

Show context

The verses around this oneSource fact

shown so it's never read alone

6:36

إِنَّمَا يَسْتَجِيبُ ٱلَّذِينَ يَسْمَعُونَ وَٱلْمَوْتَىٰ يَبْعَثُهُمُ ٱللَّهُ ثُمَّ إِلَيْهِ يُرْجَعُونَ

Easy-read · not authoritative

Easy-read (simplified)innamaa yastajeebu lladheena yasma'oona wal-mawtaa yab'athuhumu llaahu thumma ilayhi yurja'oon

DIN 31635ʾinnamā yastaǧību llaḏīna yasmaʿūna wal-mawtā yabʿaṯuhumu llāhu ṯumma ʾilayhi yurǧaʿūna

Talal Itani2012 Only those who listen will respond. As for the dead, God will resurrect them; then to Him they will be returned.

Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 Only those can accept who hear. As for the dead, Allah will raise them up; then unto Him they will be returned

Edward Henry Palmer1880 He only answers the prayer of those who listen; but the dead will God raise up, then unto Him shall they return

John Medows Rodwell1861 To those only who shall lend an ear will He make answer: as for the dead, God will raise them up; then unto Him shall they return

George Sale1734 Only those can accept the truth who listen. And as for the dead, God will raise them to life, then to Him shall they all be brought back

6:37

وَقَالُوا۟ لَوْلَا نُزِّلَ عَلَيْهِ ءَايَةٌ مِّن رَّبِّهِۦ قُلْ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ قَادِرٌ عَلَىٰٓ أَن يُنَزِّلَ ءَايَةً وَلَٰكِنَّ أَكْثَرَهُمْ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ

Easy-read · not authoritative

Easy-read (simplified)waqaaloo lawlaa nuzzila 'alayhi aayatun min rabbihi qul inna llaaha qaadirun 'alaa an yunazzila aayatan walaakinna aktharahum laa ya'lamoon

DIN 31635waqālū lawlā nuzzila ʿalayhi ʾāyatun min rabbihi qul ʾinna llāha qādirun ʿalā ʾan yunazzila ʾāyatan walākinna ʾakṯarahum lā yaʿlamūna

Talal Itani2012 And they say, "If only a sign could come down to him from his Lord." Say, "God is Able to send down a sign, but most of them do not know."

Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 They say: Why hath no portent been sent down upon him from his Lord? Say: Lo! Allah is Able to send down a portent. But most of them know not

Edward Henry Palmer1880 They say, 'Unless there be sent down some sign from his Lord' - say, 'Verily, God is able to send down a sign, but most of them do not know

John Medows Rodwell1861 They say, "Unless a sign be sent down to him from his Lord. . . ." SAY: Verily, God is able to send down a sign; but the greater part of them know it not

George Sale1734 And they say, 'Why has not a Sign been sent down to him from his Lord?' Say, 'Surely God has the power to send down a Sign, but most of them do not know

6:38 — the verse above

6:39

وَٱلَّذِينَ كَذَّبُوا۟ بِـَٔايَٰتِنَا صُمٌّ وَبُكْمٌ فِى ٱلظُّلُمَٰتِ مَن يَشَإِ ٱللَّهُ يُضْلِلْهُ وَمَن يَشَأْ يَجْعَلْهُ عَلَىٰ صِرَٰطٍ مُّسْتَقِيمٍ

Easy-read · not authoritative

Easy-read (simplified)walladheena kadhdhaboo bi'aayaatinaa summun wabukmun fee z-zulumaati man yasha'i llaahu yudlilhu waman yasha' yaj'alhu 'alaa siraatin mustaqeem

DIN 31635wallaḏīna kaḏḏabū biʾāyātinā ṣummun wabukmun fī ẓ-ẓulumāti man yašaʾi llāhu yuḍlilhu waman yašaʾ yaǧʿalhu ʿalā ṣirāṭin mustaqīmin

Talal Itani2012 Those who reject Our revelations are deaf and dumb, in total darkness. Whomever God wills, He leaves astray; and whomever He wills, He sets on a straight path.

Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 Those who deny Our revelations are deaf and dumb in darkness. Whom Allah will sendeth astray, and whom He will He placeth on a straight path

Edward Henry Palmer1880 Those who say our signs are lies - deafness, dumbness, in the dark! whom He pleases does God lead astray, and whom He pleases He places on the right way

John Medows Rodwell1861 They who gainsay our signs are deaf, and dumb, in darkness: God will mislead whom He pleaseth, and whom He pleaseth He will place upon the straight path

George Sale1734 Those who have rejected Our signs are deaf and dumb, in utter darkness. Whom God wills He lets go astray and whom He wills He places on the right path

6:40

قُلْ أَرَءَيْتَكُمْ إِنْ أَتَىٰكُمْ عَذَابُ ٱللَّهِ أَوْ أَتَتْكُمُ ٱلسَّاعَةُ أَغَيْرَ ٱللَّهِ تَدْعُونَ إِن كُنتُمْ صَٰدِقِينَ

Easy-read · not authoritative

Easy-read (simplified)qul ara'aytakum in ataakum 'adhaabu llaahi aw atatkumu s-saa'atu aghayra llaahi tad'oona in kuntum saadiqeen

DIN 31635qul ʾaraʾaytakum ʾin ʾatākum ʿaḏābu llāhi ʾaw ʾatatkumu s-sāʿatu ʾaġayra llāhi tadʿūna ʾin kuntum ṣādiqīna

Talal Itani2012 Say, "Have you considered? if God's punishment came upon you, or the Hour overtook you, would you call upon any other than God, if you are sincere?"

Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 Say: Can ye see yourselves, if the punishment of Allah come upon you or the Hour come upon you, (calling upon other than Allah)? Do ye then call (for help) to any other than Allah? (Answer that) if ye are truthful

Edward Henry Palmer1880 Say, 'Look you now! if there should come God's torment, or there should come to you the hour, on other than God would ye call, if ye do tell the truth

John Medows Rodwell1861 SAY: What think ye? If the punishment of God were to come upon you, or "the Hour" were to come upon you, will ye cry to any other than God? Tell me, if ye speak the truth

George Sale1734 Say,`Will you tell me if the punishment of God come or there come upon you the Hour, will you call upon any other than God, if you are truthful

24:41

Why this passage is in the study finding 02

أَلَمْ تَرَ أَنَّ ٱللَّهَ يُسَبِّحُ لَهُۥ مَن فِى ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلْأَرْضِ وَٱلطَّيْرُ صَٰٓفَّٰتٍ كُلٌّ قَدْ عَلِمَ صَلَاتَهُۥ وَتَسْبِيحَهُۥ وَٱللَّهُ عَلِيمٌۢ بِمَا يَفْعَلُونَ

Easy-read · not authoritative

Easy-read (simplified)alam tara anna llaaha yusabbihu lahu man fee s-samaawaati wal-'ardi wat-tayru saaffaatin kullun qad 'alima salaatahu watasbeehahu wallaahu 'aleemun bimaa yaf'aloon

DIN 31635ʾalam tara ʾanna llāha yusabbiḥu lahu man fī s-samāwāti wal-ʾarḍi waṭ-ṭayru ṣāffātin kullun qad ʿalima ṣalātahu watasbīḥahu wallāhu ʿalīmun bimā yafʿalūna

Talal Itani published 2012

Do you not realize that God is glorified by whatever is in the heavens and the earth, and even by the birds in formation? Each knows its prayer and its manner of praise. God knows well what they do.

Compare translations (4)
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall published 1930

Hast thou not seen that Allah, He it is Whom all who are in the heavens and the earth praise, and the birds in their flight? Of each He knoweth verily the worship and the praise; and Allah is Aware of what they do

Edward Henry Palmer published 1880

Hast thou not seen that God,- all who are in the heavens and the earth celebrate His praises, and the birds too spreading out their wings; each one knows its prayer and its praise, and God knows what they do

John Medows Rodwell published 1861

Hast thou not seen how all in the Heavens and in the Earth uttereth the praise of God? - the very birds as they spread their wings? Every creature knoweth its prayer and its praise! and God knoweth what they do

George Sale published 1734

Dost thou not perceive that all creatures both in heaven and earth praise God; and the birds also, extending their wings? Every one knoweth his prayer, and his praise: And God knoweth that which they do

Sources

EditionTanzil Qur'an text (Uthmani) ·Uthmani, Version 1.1·Tanzil Project ·Creative Commons Attribution 3.0·retrieved 24 Aug 2026

Receipts Tanzil Qur'an text (Uthmani) · Uthmani, Version 1.1
Edition
Uthmani, Version 1.1
Custodian
Tanzil Project
Layer
canonical text
Licence
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0
Licence URL
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Commercial use
yes
Modification
contradictory
Licence text
read verbatim
Review state
cleared
Retrieved
24 August 2026
Digest
203f0f1bf3158b1e5be4ab9f8f6870e5…
Located at
https://tanzil.net/pub/download/index.php?quranType=uthmani&outType=xml
Convention
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.

CLEARED. Licence read verbatim from the block embedded in this very file. Ingested exactly as shipped: no normalisation, no stripping of marks, no Unicode recomposition.

Every source and rights decision →

Other languages (18)
Shqip · Albanian

A nuk e sheh se të gjithë ata që janë në qiej dhe në Tokë e madhërojnë Allahun, madje edhe shpendët krahëhapur?! Secili e di mënyrën e vet të faljes e të madhërimit. Allahu është i Gjithëdijshëm për atë që bëjnë ata.

Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5

বাংলা · Bengali

(হে রাসূল!) তুমি কি দেখনি যে, আসমানসমূহে ও জমিনে যারা আছে তারা এবং সারিবদ্ধ হয়ে উড়ন্ত পাখিরা আল্লাহর তাসবীহ পাঠ করে? প্রত্যেকেই তাঁর সালাত ও তাসবীহের পদ্ধতি জানে। তারা যা করে সে সম্পর্কে আল্লাহ সম্যক অবগত।

Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Dawah Association in Rabwah, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.2

Bosanski · Bosnian

Zar ne znaš da Allaha slave i veličaju svi koji su na nebesima i na Zemlji, a i ptice širenjem krila svojih; svi znaju kako će Mu se moliti i kako će Ga slaviti i veličati. A Allah dobro zna ono što oni rade.

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 2.0.4

Hrvatski · Croatian

Zar ne znaš da Allaha slave i veličaju svi koji su na nebesima i na Zemlji, a i ptice širenjem krila svojih; svi znaju kako će Mu se moliti i kako će Ga slaviti i veličati. A Allah dobro zna ono što oni rade.

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1

Fulfulde · Fulani

Enee, a yiaani wonan'dema Alla no subuhinanaade Mo ɓen wonɓe ka kammuuli e ka leydi e colli ɗin kadi ko saffiniiɗi? Gooto kala e ɗii gooŋɗii anndii juulde mu'um nden e subuhinaali mu'um ɗin, Alla ko O gannduɗo ko ɓe ngollata.

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2

ქართული · Georgian

ნუთუ ვერ ხედავ [ო, შუამავალო], რომ ალლაჰს განადიდებს ყოველი, ვინც ცაში და დედამიწაზეა, და ჩიტები, რომლებიც მიფრინავენ მწკრივად. ყველამ იცის თავისი ლოცვა და მისი განდიდება. და ალლაჰმა იცის, რასაც აკეთებენ.

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.7

Deutsch · German

Hast du denn nicht gesehen, dass Allah preist, wer in den Himmeln und auf der Erde ist, und (auch) die Vögel mit ausgebreiteten Flügeln? Jeder kennt ja sein Gebet und sein Preisen. Und Allah ist wissend über das, was sie tun.

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.15

Ελληνικά · Greek

Δε βλέπεις (ω, Προφήτη) ότι όλοι όσοι βρίσκονται στους ουρανούς και στη γη, δοξάζουν τον Αλλάχ, επίσης (Τον δοξάζουν) και τα πουλιά (που πετούν ανάμεσα στον ουρανό και στη γη) ενώ τα φτερά τους είναι ανοιχτά; Ο καθένας τους γνωρίζει (τον τρόπο για) την προσευχή του και τη δοξασία του (προς τον Αλλάχ). Πράγματι, ο Αλλάχ είναι για ό,τι κάνουν, Παντογνώστης.

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2

हिन्दी · Hindi

क्या आपने नहीं देखा कि अल्लाह ही की पवित्रता का गान करते हैं, जो आकाशों तथा धरती में हैं तथा पंख फैलाए हुए पक्षी (भी)? प्रत्येक ने निश्चय अपनी नमाज़ और पवित्रता गान को जान लिया[36] है। और अल्लाह उसे भली-भाँति जानने वाला है, जो वे करते हैं।

Translated by Azizul Haq Al-Omari

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.5

Italiano · Italian

Non vedi che di Allāh fanno le lodi quelli che sono nei cieli e in terra e gli uccelli, che volano ad ali tese, e di ognuno conosce il canto e la lode? E Allāh, di ciò che fanno, è Sapiente.

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2

Lietuvių · Lithuanian

41. Argi nematai (Muchammedai ﷺ), kad Allahas, Jis yra Tas, Kurį garbina viskas, kas yra danguose ir žemėje, ir paukščiai su išskleistais sparnais (savo skrydyje)? Jis (Allahas) tikrai žino apie kiekvieno iš jų Salat (maldas) ir garbinimus [arba kiekvienas žino savo Salat (maldas) ir savo garbinimus]. Ir Allahas yra Visa Suvokiantis apie tai, ką jie daro.

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.8

Afaan Oromoo · Oromo

Ati hingarree Allaah wanti samiileefi dachii keessa jiran isa qulqulleessan. allaattiinis koola (qoochoo) isaanii diriirsanii (Isa qulqulleessan) (faarsan)? Hunduu dhugumatti, Isaaf sagaduufi Isa qulqulleessuus beekaniiru, Rabbiin waan isaan dalagan beekaadha.

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.0

Русский · Russian

Разве ты не видишь, что Аллах — Его прославляют все, кто в небесах и на земле, и птицы, распростёршие [крылья]? Каждый знает свою молитву и своё прославление. Аллах — знающий о том, что они совершают.

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1

Српски · Serbian

Зар не знаш да Аллаха славе и величају сви који су на небесима и на Земљи, а и птице ширењем својих крила; сви знају како ће да Му се моле и како ће да Га славе и величају. А Аллах добро зна оно што они раде.

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4

Kiswahili · Swahili

Je, huoni kwamba Mwenyezi Mungu vinamtakasa vilivyo katika mbingu na ardhi, na ndege wakikunjua mbawa zao? Kila mmoja amekwisha jua Swala yake na namna ya kumtakasa kwake. Na Mwenyezi Mungu ni Mwenye kuyajua wayatendayo.

Issued by the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5

Svenska · Swedish

Vet du inte att allt i himlarna och på jorden lovprisar Gud, även fåglarna med sina utbredda vingar? Han är väl medveten om deras böner och deras upphöjande av honom. Ja, Gud är väl medveten om allt de gör.

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2

Türkçe · Turkish

Göklerde ve yerde bulunanlarla dizi dizi kuşların Allah'ı tesbih ettiklerini görmez misin? Her biri kendi duasını ve tesbihini (öğrenmiş) bilmiştir. Allah, onların yapmakta olduklarını hakkıyla bilir.

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4

اردو · Urdu

کیا آپ نے نہیں دیکھا کہ آسمانوں اور زمین کی کل مخلوق اور پر پھیلائے[1] اڑنے والے کل پرند اللہ کی تسبیح میں مشغول ہیں۔ ہر ایک کی نماز اور تسبیح اسے معلوم ہے[2]، لوگ جو کچھ کریں اس سے اللہ بخوبی واقف ہے.[3]

Translated by Muhammad Ibrahim Junagarhi, developed under the supervision of the Rowwad Translation Center. The original translation is available for the purpose of expressing opinion, evaluation, and continuous development.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.3

Show context

The verses around this oneSource fact

shown so it's never read alone

24:39

وَٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوٓا۟ أَعْمَٰلُهُمْ كَسَرَابٍۭ بِقِيعَةٍ يَحْسَبُهُ ٱلظَّمْـَٔانُ مَآءً حَتَّىٰٓ إِذَا جَآءَهُۥ لَمْ يَجِدْهُ شَيْـًٔا وَوَجَدَ ٱللَّهَ عِندَهُۥ فَوَفَّىٰهُ حِسَابَهُۥ وَٱللَّهُ سَرِيعُ ٱلْحِسَابِ

Easy-read · not authoritative

Easy-read (simplified)walladheena kafaroo a'maaluhum kasaraabin biqee'atin yahsabuhu z-zam'aanu maa'an hattaa idhaa jaa'ahu lam yajidhu shay'an wawajada llaaha 'indahu fawaffaahu hisaabahu wallaahu saree'u l-hisaab

DIN 31635wallaḏīna kafarū ʾaʿmāluhum kasarābin biqīʿatin yaḥsabuhu ẓ-ẓamʾānu māʾan ḥattā ʾiḏā ǧāʾahu lam yaǧidhu šayʾan wawaǧada llāha ʿindahu fawaffāhu ḥisābahu wallāhu sarīʿu l-ḥisābi

Talal Itani2012 As for those who disbelieve, their works are like a mirage in a desert. The thirsty assumes it is to be water. Until, when he has reached it, he finds it to be nothing, but there he finds God, Who settles his account in full. God is swift in reckoning.

Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 As for those who disbelieve, their deeds are as a mirage in a desert. The thirsty one supposeth it to be water till he cometh unto it and findeth it naught, and findeth, in the place thereof, Allah Who payeth him his due; and Allah is swift at reckoning

Edward Henry Palmer1880 But those who misbelieve, their works are like the mirage in a plain, the thirsty counts it water till when he comes to it he finds nothing, but he finds that God is with him; and He will pay him his account, for God is quick to take account

John Medows Rodwell1861 But as to the infidels, their works are like the vapour in a plain which the thirsty dreameth to be water, until when he cometh unto it, he findeth it not aught, but findeth that God is with him; and He fully payeth him his account: for swift to take account is God

George Sale1734 But as to the unbelievers, their works are like the vapour in a plain, which the thirsty traveller thinketh to be water, until, when he cometh thereto, he findeth it to be nothing; but he findeth God with him, and he will fully pay him his account; and God is swift in taking an account

24:40

أَوْ كَظُلُمَٰتٍ فِى بَحْرٍ لُّجِّىٍّ يَغْشَىٰهُ مَوْجٌ مِّن فَوْقِهِۦ مَوْجٌ مِّن فَوْقِهِۦ سَحَابٌ ظُلُمَٰتٌۢ بَعْضُهَا فَوْقَ بَعْضٍ إِذَآ أَخْرَجَ يَدَهُۥ لَمْ يَكَدْ يَرَىٰهَا وَمَن لَّمْ يَجْعَلِ ٱللَّهُ لَهُۥ نُورًا فَمَا لَهُۥ مِن نُّورٍ

Easy-read · not authoritative

Easy-read (simplified)aw kazulumaatin fee bahrin lujjiyyin yaghshaahu mawjun min fawqihi mawjun min fawqihi sahaabun zulumaatun ba'duhaa fawqa ba'din idhaa akhraja yadahu lam yakad yaraahaa waman lam yaj'ali llaahu lahu nooran famaa lahu min noor

DIN 31635ʾaw kaẓulumātin fī baḥrin luǧǧiyyin yaġšāhu mawǧun min fawqihi mawǧun min fawqihi saḥābun ẓulumātun baʿḍuhā fawqa baʿḍin ʾiḏā ʾaḫraǧa yadahu lam yakad yarāhā waman lam yaǧʿali llāhu lahu nūran famā lahu min nūrin

Talal Itani2012 Or like utter darkness in a vast ocean, covered by waves, above which are waves, above which is fog. Darkness upon darkness. If he brings out his hand, he will hardly see it. He to whom God has not granted a light has no light.

Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 Or as darkness on a vast, abysmal sea. There covereth him a wave, above which is a wave, above which is a cloud. Layer upon layer of darkness. When he holdeth out his hand he scarce can see it. And he for whom Allah hath not appointed light, for him there is no light

Edward Henry Palmer1880 Or like darkness on a deep sea, there covers it a wave above which is a wave, above which is a cloud,- darknesses one above the other,- when one puts out his hand he can scarcely see it; for he to whom God has given no light, he has no light

John Medows Rodwell1861 Or like the darkness on the deep sea when covered by billows riding upon billows, above which are clouds: darkness upon darkness. When a man reacheth forth his hand, he cannot nearly see it! He to whom God shall not give light, no light at all hath he

George Sale1734 Or, as the darkness in a deep sea, covered by waves riding on waves, above which are clouds, being additions of darkness one over the other; when one stretcheth forth his hand, he is far from seeing it. And unto whomsoever God shall not grant his light, he shall enjoy no light at all

24:41 — the verse above

24:42

وَلِلَّهِ مُلْكُ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلْأَرْضِ وَإِلَى ٱللَّهِ ٱلْمَصِيرُ

Easy-read · not authoritative

Easy-read (simplified)walillaahi mulku s-samaawaati wal-'ardi wa'ilaa llaahi l-maseer

DIN 31635walillāhi mulku s-samāwāti wal-ʾarḍi waʾilā llāhi l-maṣīru

Talal Itani2012 To God belongs the dominion of the heavens and the earth, and to God is the ultimate return.

Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 And unto Allah belongeth the Sovereignty of the heavens and the earth, and unto Allah is the journeying

Edward Henry Palmer1880 No text Palmer's printing carries no text for this verse. It is not scored.

John Medows Rodwell1861 God's, the Kingdom of the Heavens and of the Earth: and unto God the final return

George Sale1734 Unto God belongeth the kingdom of heaven and earth; and unto God shall be the return at the last day

24:43

أَلَمْ تَرَ أَنَّ ٱللَّهَ يُزْجِى سَحَابًا ثُمَّ يُؤَلِّفُ بَيْنَهُۥ ثُمَّ يَجْعَلُهُۥ رُكَامًا فَتَرَى ٱلْوَدْقَ يَخْرُجُ مِنْ خِلَٰلِهِۦ وَيُنَزِّلُ مِنَ ٱلسَّمَآءِ مِن جِبَالٍ فِيهَا مِنۢ بَرَدٍ فَيُصِيبُ بِهِۦ مَن يَشَآءُ وَيَصْرِفُهُۥ عَن مَّن يَشَآءُ يَكَادُ سَنَا بَرْقِهِۦ يَذْهَبُ بِٱلْأَبْصَٰرِ

Easy-read · not authoritative

Easy-read (simplified)alam tara anna llaaha yuzjee sahaaban thumma yu'allifu baynahu thumma yaj'aluhu rukaaman fataraa l-wadqa yakhruju min khilaalihi wayunazzilu mina s-samaa'i min jibaalin feehaa min baradin fayuseebu bihi man yashaa'u wayasrifuhu 'an man yashaa'u yakaadu sanaa barqihi yadhhabu bil-'absaar

DIN 31635ʾalam tara ʾanna llāha yuzǧī saḥāban ṯumma yuʾallifu baynahu ṯumma yaǧʿaluhu rukāman fatarā l-wadqa yaḫruǧu min ḫilālihi wayunazzilu mina s-samāʾi min ǧibālin fīhā min baradin fayuṣību bihi man yašāʾu wayaṣrifuhu ʿan man yašāʾu yakādu sanā barqihi yaḏhabu bil-ʾabṣāri

The translators word this verse differently

Talal Itani2012 Have you not seen how God propels the clouds, then brings them together, then piles them into a heap, and you see rain drops emerging from its midst? How He brings down loads of hail from the sky, striking with it whomever He wills, and diverting it from whomever He wills? The flash of its lightening almost snatches the sight away.

Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 Hast thou not seen how Allah wafteth the clouds, then gathereth them, then maketh them layers, and thou seest the rain come forth from between them; He sendeth down from the heaven mountains wherein is hail, and smiteth therewith whom He will, and averteth it from whom He will. The flashing of His lightning all but snatcheth away the sight

Edward Henry Palmer1880 Hast thou not seen that God drives the clouds, and then re-unites them, and then accumulates them, and thou mayest see the rain coming forth from their midst; and He sends down from the sky mountains with hail therein, and He makes it fall on whom He pleases, and He turns it from whom He pleases; the flashing of His lightning well-nigh goes off with their sight

John Medows Rodwell1861 Hast thou not seen that God driveth clouds lightly forward, then gathereth them together, then pileth them in masses? And then thou seest the rain forthcoming from their midst; and He causeth clouds like mountains charged with hail, to descend from the heaven, and He maketh it to fall on whom He will, and from whom He will He turneth it aside. - The brightness of His lightning all but taketh away the sight

George Sale1734 Dost thou not see that God gently driveth forward the clouds, and gathereth them together, and then layeth them on heaps? Thou also seest the rain, which falleth from the midst thereof; and God sendeth down from heaven as it were mountains, wherein there is hail; He striketh therewith whom He pleaseth, and turneth the same away from whom He pleaseth: The brightness of his lightning wanteth but little of taking away the sight

What this study rests on, and what it refusessigned with it5 of the 6 paragraphs signed with this study; the paragraph naming what it does not answer is at the top of the page

The selection above and this account of it are part of what was signed. Where the renderings disagree it says so; where the question runs past what has cleared the rights audit it says that too.

Read across the four public-domain translations - Sale 1734, Rodwell 1861, Palmer 1880, Pickthall 1930 - of 6:38, 24:41, in full, and nothing else. This study consults no , no , no occasion of revelation and no biography, because none is yet available in an edition whose usage rights can be verified. Itani 2012, the fifth translation shown with these verses, was not consulted for this study.

How this set was arrived at. The verses were found by a word search of the four public-domain translations, using terms chosen by the editor and listed here as they were searched - beast + earth + bird + wings; nations + like + you; peoples + like + you; communities + like + you; folk + like + you. The search was a way of finding passages, not a judgement about what they mean: that several translators chose the same English word is not evidence about the Arabic. A different choice of terms gives a different set.

What was returned and not carried. 7 verse(s) the search qualified are recorded as not carried, rather than silently discarded: 6:133; 11:27; 11:89; 23:24; 23:33; 47:38; 54:51. The reason for each was not recorded.

Verses carried by more than one study. Some passages here also serve another study. Each carries its own reason in each place, and the reason states where else it appears.

Where the translations part company, named rather than resolved. How differently the translations word each verse is shown on that verse's page, and the study names the differences it turns on rather than choosing between them.

Sources & method

Translations Edward Henry Palmer, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired

Edward Henry Palmer, English translation of the Qur'an ·1880 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work ·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026

Translations George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired

George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an ·1734 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work ·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026

Translations John Medows Rodwell, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired

John Medows Rodwell, English translation of the Qur'an ·1861 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work ·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026

Translations Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran·Public domain — copyright term expired

Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran ·1930 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work ·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026

Translations Talal Itani, ClearQuran·Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International

Talal Itani, ClearQuran ·ClearQuran, "God" edition, EPUB·Talal Itani / ClearQuran.com ·Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International·retrieved 7 Sep 2026

Translation by Talal Itani, ClearQuran.com https://clearquran.com

Editorial status

Editorial status
Editorially prepared · not independently reviewed — signed by the AALAMIN Editor; no external scholarly review
Theme
Nature & environmental responsibility
Review status
Editorial — not independently reviewed
Published
5 September 2026
Updated
17 September 2026

A dashed outline marks a tag the editors handle with extra care. It describes how this study is filed and shown, not what the verses say.

AALAMIN Editor

Qur'anic text from the Tanzil Project. Copyright (C) 2007-2026 Tanzil Project License: Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Source: tanzil.net · Updates: tanzil.net/updates/ https://tanzil.net/updates/

tafsir

Commentary on the Qur'an: the works in which scholars interpret and explain its verses.

A note by the AALAMIN editors. The definition is their own wording, not quoted from a reference work. The platform's scope statement names it as "interpretation (tafsir)".

hadith

A report that claims to preserve something the Prophet Muhammad said or did.

A note by the AALAMIN editors. The definition is their own wording, not quoted from a reference work. It follows the platform's standing distinction: the sunnah is the practice, and a hadith is a report claiming to preserve it.

asbab al-nuzul

Accounts of the circumstances in which particular verses of the Qur'an are reported to have been revealed ("occasion of revelation").

A note by the AALAMIN editors. The definition is their own wording, not quoted from a reference work. "Occasion of revelation", in the singular, is the wording the platform's studies use when they say what they rest on.

al-Tabari

A scholar who wrote Jami' al-bayan, a commentary on the Qur'an in Arabic; he died in 923 CE.

A note by the AALAMIN editors. The work is as recorded in the platform's rights audit; the date of death is from the Library of Congress name authority file.

Ibn Kathir

A scholar who wrote Tafsir al-Qur'an al-'Azim, a commentary on the Qur'an in Arabic; he died in 1373 CE.

A note by the AALAMIN editors. The work is as recorded in the platform's rights audit; the date of death is from the Library of Congress name authority file.

al-Qurtubi

A scholar who wrote al-Jami' li-ahkam al-Qur'an, a commentary on the Qur'an in Arabic; he died in 1273 CE.

A note by the AALAMIN editors. The work is as recorded in the platform's rights audit; the date of death is from the Library of Congress name authority file.