عَالَمِين AALAMIN Read the Qur'an in context Read the Qur'an

The verseSource fact

22:5

يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلنَّاسُ إِن كُنتُمْ فِى رَيْبٍ مِّنَ ٱلْبَعْثِ فَإِنَّا خَلَقْنَٰكُم مِّن تُرَابٍ ثُمَّ مِن نُّطْفَةٍ ثُمَّ مِنْ عَلَقَةٍ ثُمَّ مِن مُّضْغَةٍ مُّخَلَّقَةٍ وَغَيْرِ مُخَلَّقَةٍ لِّنُبَيِّنَ لَكُمْ وَنُقِرُّ فِى ٱلْأَرْحَامِ مَا نَشَآءُ إِلَىٰٓ أَجَلٍ مُّسَمًّى ثُمَّ نُخْرِجُكُمْ طِفْلًا ثُمَّ لِتَبْلُغُوٓا۟ أَشُدَّكُمْ وَمِنكُم مَّن يُتَوَفَّىٰ وَمِنكُم مَّن يُرَدُّ إِلَىٰٓ أَرْذَلِ ٱلْعُمُرِ لِكَيْلَا يَعْلَمَ مِنۢ بَعْدِ عِلْمٍ شَيْـًٔا وَتَرَى ٱلْأَرْضَ هَامِدَةً فَإِذَآ أَنزَلْنَا عَلَيْهَا ٱلْمَآءَ ٱهْتَزَّتْ وَرَبَتْ وَأَنۢبَتَتْ مِن كُلِّ زَوْجٍۭ بَهِيجٍ

Easy-read · not authoritative

Easy-read (simplified)yaa ayyuhaa n-naasu in kuntum fee raybin mina l-ba'thi fa'innaa khalaqnaakum min turaabin thumma min nutfatin thumma min 'alaqatin thumma min mudghatin mukhallaqatin waghayri mukhallaqatin linubayyina lakum wanuqirru fee l-'arhaami maa nashaa'u ilaa ajalin musamman thumma nukhrijukum tiflan thumma litablughoo ashuddakum waminkum man yutawaffaa waminkum man yuraddu ilaa ardhali l-'umuri likaylaa ya'lama min ba'di 'ilmin shay'an wataraa l-'arda haamidatan fa'idhaa anzalnaa 'alayhaa l-maa'a htazzat warabat wa'anbatat min kulli zawjin baheej

DIN 31635yā ʾayyuhā n-nāsu ʾin kuntum fī raybin mina l-baʿṯi faʾinnā ḫalaqnākum min turābin ṯumma min nuṭfatin ṯumma min ʿalaqatin ṯumma min muḍġatin muḫallaqatin waġayri muḫallaqatin linubayyina lakum wanuqirru fī l-ʾarḥāmi mā našāʾu ʾilā ʾaǧalin musamman ṯumma nuḫriǧukum ṭiflan ṯumma litabluġū ʾašuddakum waminkum man yutawaffā waminkum man yuraddu ʾilā ʾarḏali l-ʿumuri likaylā yaʿlama min baʿdi ʿilmin šayʾan watarā l-ʾarḍa hāmidatan faʾiḏā ʾanzalnā ʿalayhā l-māʾa htazzat warabat waʾanbatat min kulli zawǧin bahīǧin

EditionTanzil Qur'an text (Uthmani) ·Creative Commons Attribution 3.0

TranslationsSource fact

The translators word this verse differently

Marked words appear in this translation and in no other English translation of this verse. Common small words and older spellings are not marked. The marks show where the wording differs, not where the meaning does.

Talal Itani · published 2012

O people! If you are in doubt about the Resurrection-We created you from dust, then from a small drop, then from a clinging clot, then from a lump of flesh, partly developed and partly undeveloped. In order to clarify things for you. And We settle in the wombs whatever We will for a designated term, and then We bring you out as infants, until you reach your full strength. And some of you will pass away, and some of you will be returned to the vilest age, so that he may not know, after having known. And you see the earth still; but when We send down water on it, it vibrates, and swells, and grows all kinds of lovely pairs.

Translation Talal Itani, ClearQuran·Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International

Talal Itani, ClearQuran ·ClearQuran, "God" edition, EPUB·Talal Itani / ClearQuran.com ·Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International·retrieved 7 Sep 2026

Translation by Talal Itani, ClearQuran.com https://clearquran.com

Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall 1875–1936 · published 1930

O mankind! if ye are in doubt concerning the Resurrection, then lo! We have created you from dust, then from a drop of seed, then from a clot, then from a little lump of flesh shapely and shapeless, that We may make (it) clear for you. And We cause what We will to remain in the wombs for an appointed time, and afterward We bring you forth as infants, then (give you growth) that ye attain your full strength. And among you there is he who dieth (young), and among you there is he who is brought back to the most abject time of life, so that, after knowledge, he knoweth naught. And thou (Muhammad) seest the earth barren, but when We send down water thereon, it doth thrill and swell and put forth every lovely kind (of growth)

Sources

Translation Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran·Public domain — copyright term expired

Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran ·1930 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work ·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026

Edward Henry Palmer 1840–1882 · published 1880

O ye folk! if ye are in doubt about the raising (of the dead),- verily, we created you from earth, then from a clot, then from congealed blood, then from a morsel, shaped or shapeless, that we may explain to you. And we make what we please rest in the womb until an appointed time; then we bring you forth babes; then let you reach your full age; and of you are some who die; and of you are some who are kept back till the most decrepit age, till he knows no longer aught of knowledge. And ye see the earth parched, and when we send down water on it, it stirs and swells, and brings forth herbs of every beauteous kind

Sources

Translation Edward Henry Palmer, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired

Edward Henry Palmer, English translation of the Qur'an ·1880 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work ·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026

John Medows Rodwell 1808–1900 · published 1861

O men! if ye doubt as to the resurrection, yet, of a truth, have We created you of dust, then of the moist germs of life, then of clots of blood, then of pieces of flesh shapen and unshapen, that We might give you proofs of our power! And We cause one sex or the other, at our pleasure, to abide in the womb until the appointed time; then We bring you forth infants; then permit you to reach your age of strength; and one of you dieth, and another of you liveth on to an age so abject that all his former knowledge is clean forgotten! And thou hast seen the earth dried up and barren: but when We send down the rain upon it, it stirreth and swelleth, and groweth every kind of luxuriant herb

Sources

Translation John Medows Rodwell, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired

John Medows Rodwell, English translation of the Qur'an ·1861 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work ·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026

George Sale 1697–1736 · published 1734

O men, if ye be in doubt concerning the resurrection, consider that We first created you of the dust of the ground; afterwards, of seed; afterwards, of a little coagulated blood; afterwards, of a piece of flesh, perfectly formed in part, and in part imperfectly formed; that We might make our power manifest unto you: And We cause that which We please to rest in the wombs, until the appointed time of delivery. Then We bring you forth infants; and afterwards We permit you to attain your age of full strength: And one of you dieth in his youth, and another of you is postponed to a decrepit age, so that he forgetteth whatever he knew. Thou seest the earth sometimes dried up and barren: But when We send down rain thereon, it is put in motion, and swelleth, and produceth every kind of luxuriant vegetables

Sources

Translation George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired

George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an ·1734 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work ·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026

Other languages (18)
Shqip · Albanian

O njerëz, nëse dyshoni në ringjalljen, atëherë (dijeni se) Ne ju krijuam prej dheut, pastaj prej një pikle, pastaj prej një mpiksjeje gjaku, pastaj prej një cope mishi ("të përtypur") me trajtë të plotë ose të paplotë, që t'jua bëjmë të qartë (fuqinë Tonë). Ne mbajmë në mitra atë që duam deri në një afat të caktuar, më pas ju nxjerrim si foshnja e pastaj jua mundësojmë që të arrini moshën e pjekurisë. Disa prej jush vdesin e disa lihen të arrijnë pleqërinë e shtyrë, që të mos dinë më asgjë nga dituria që kishin. Ti e sheh tokën të pajetë, por sapo të lëshojmë shi mbi të, ajo gjallërohet, gufon dhe nxjerr çdo lloj bime të këndshme.

Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5

বাংলা · Bengali

হে মানুষ! তোমরা যদি পুনরুত্থান বিষয়ে (আল্লাহর ক্ষমতার ব্যাপারে) সন্দেহে থাক, তাহলে নিশ্চয় জেনে রেখো, আমিই তো তোমাদেরকে (২) মাটি থেকে সৃষ্টি করেছি, তারপর(৩) শুক্র থেকে, তারপর ‘আলাকাহ (জমাট রক্তপিণ্ড ) থেকে, তারপর পূর্ণাকৃতিবিশিষ্ট অথবা অপূর্ণাকৃতিবিশিষ্ট গোশত (মুদ্গাহ ) থেকে। যাতে আমি তোমাদের নিকট (তোমাদেরকে স্তরে স্তরে সৃষ্টি করার আমার ক্ষমতার) বিষয়টি সুস্পষ্টরূপে বর্ণনা করতে পারি। আর আমি যা (সৃষ্টি করতে ) ইচ্ছা করি, তা একটি নির্দিষ্ট কাল পর্যন্ত মাতৃগর্ভে অবস্থিত রাখি। অতঃপর আমি তোমাদেরকে শিশুরূপে বের করি, পরবর্তীতে যাতে তোমরা যৌবনে উপনীত হও। তোমাদের মধ্যে কারো কারো মৃত্যু দেয়া হয় এ (অল্প ) বয়সেই, আবার কাউকে কাউকে ফিরিয়ে নেয়া হয় হীনতম বয়সে(৪), যাতে সে জ্ঞান লাভের পরও কিছু না জানে। (আরেকটি বিষয় লক্ষ্য করে দেখ) তুমি জমিনকে দেখতে পাও শুষ্কাবস্থায়, অতঃপর যখনই আমি তাতে (বৃষ্টির) পানি বর্ষণ করি, তখন তা আন্দোলিত ও স্ফীত হয় এবং উদ্‌গত করে সকল প্রকার নয়নাভিরাম উদ্ভিদ।

Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Dawah Association in Rabwah, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.2

Bosanski · Bosnian

O ljudi! Ako ste u sumnji spram proživljenja – pa Mi smo vas, zaista, stvorili od prašine, zatim od kapi sjemena, potom od zakvačka, zatim od grude mesa, oblikovanog i neoblikovanog, da bismo vama objasnili! A u matericama zadržavamo šta hoćemo do roka određenog, zatim činimo da se kao dojenčad rađate i da poslije do muževnog doba uzrastete; neko od vas umire, a neko duboku starost doživljava, tako da, nakon što je znao, ne zna ništa. I ti vidiš zemlju kako je zamrla, ali kad na nju vodu spustimo, ona ustrepće i uzbuja, i iz nje iznikne svakovrsno bilje prekrasno.

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 2.0.4

Hrvatski · Croatian

O ljudi! Ako ste u sumnji spram proživljenja – pa Mi smo vas, zaista, stvorili od prašine, zatim od kapi sjemena, potom od zakvačka, zatim od grude mesa, oblikovanog i neoblikovanog, da bismo vama objasnili! A u maternicama zadržavamo šta hoćemo do roka određenog, zatim činimo da se kao dojenčad rađate i da poslije do muževnog doba uzrastete; netko od vas umire, a netko duboku starost doživljava, tako da, nakon što je znao, ne zna ništa. I ti vidiš zemlju kako je zamrla, ali kad na nju vodu spustimo, ona ustrepće i uzbuja, i iz nje iznikne svakovrsno bilje prekrasno.

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1

Fulfulde · Fulani

Ey mon yimɓe, si tawii on e cikkatiima immorde e immital ngal, pellet, Minen Min Tagii on immorde e mbullaari refti e toɓɓere maniiyu, refti e heɗɗere refti e husre timmunde tagoore e nde wonaa timmunde tagoore fii yo Min ɓannginan on, Miɗen Ñiiɓina ka renngaaji ko Min Muuyi kon haa e happu innaaɗo, refti Min njaltini on ko on boobooɓe, refti fii yo on njotto sagatalaaku mo'on no e mo'on ɓen ɓe no maaya no e mo'on kadi ɓen ɓe no nduttee fa'ade ka ɓuri ja'asde e nguurndam ɗam fii wota ɓe nganndu ɓaawo ganndal hay e hu'unde. A yi'at leydi ndin ko yo'orundi si Min njippinii e dow mayri ndiyam ɗan ndi dilla ndi ƴura ndi fuɗina immorde e kala noone wooɗuɗo.

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2

ქართული · Georgian

ო, ადამიანებო! თუ გეპარებათ ეჭვი აღდგომის შესახებ [იმაში, რომ ალლაჰი აღადგენს მკვდრებს], მაშ, იცოდეთ, რომ ნამდვილად ჩვენ შეგქმენით თქვენ [თქვენი მამა ადამი] მიწისაგან, შემდეგ კი [მისი შთამომავლობა] წვეთისგან [ნაყოფის წვეთოვანი სითხისგან], შემდეგ შედედებული სისხლისგან, შემდეგ ხორცის ნაჭრისგან — სრულად ფორმირებულის ან დაუმთავრებელი ნაყოფისგან — რათა განგიმარტოთ [ჩვენი ძალმოსილება და ადამიანის შექმნის ეტაპები]. ჩვენ [და არა ვინმე სხვა] ვდებთ [ნაყოფს] საშვილოსნოში, ვისაც გვსურს, განსაზღვრულ ვადამდე [დაბადებამდე]. შემდეგ გამოგვყავხართ დედის საშვილოსნოდან ჩვილებად. შემდეგ მიდიხართ სრულწლოვანებამდე. თქვენგან არიან ისეთები, ვინც გარდაიცვლებიან [სრულწლოვნამდე], და თქვენგან არიან ისეთებიც, ვინც იცოცხლებენ უკიდურეს სიბერემდე, ისე რომ არ დარჩებათ ცოდნა [იმისგან, რაც ადრე იცოდნენ]. და ხედავ მიწას უსიცოცხლოდ, მაგრამ როდესაც ჩვენ ვავლენთ მასზე წყალს, იგი იძვრის [იმით, რომ მასზე აღმოცენდება მცენარეები], ფუვდება და ამოიზრდება მასზე ყოველგვარი მშვენიერი [და სასარგებლო] წყვილი [მცენარეებისა].

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.7

Deutsch · German

O ihr Menschen, wenn ihr über die Auferweckung im Zweifel seid, so haben Wir euch aus Erde erschaffen, hierauf aus einem Samentropfen, hierauf aus einem Embryo, hierauf aus einem kleinen Klumpen, gestaltet und ungestaltet, um (es) euch klarzumachen. Und Wir lassen, was Wir wollen, im Mutterleib auf eine festgesetzte Frist untergebracht (ruhen). Danach lassen Wir euch als Säuglinge herauskommen. Hierauf (lassen Wir euch heranwachsen), damit ihr eure Vollreife erlangt. Und manch einer von euch wird (frühzeitig) abberufen, und manch einer von euch wird in das niedrigste (Greisen)alter gebracht, so dass er nach (dem vorherigen) Wissen nichts (mehr) weiß. Und du siehst die Erde regungslos, doch wenn Wir Wasser auf sie herabkommen lassen, regt sie sich, schwillt und lässt von jeder (Pflanzen)art verschiedene und erfreuliche (Arten) wachsen.

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.15

Ελληνικά · Greek

Ω, άνθρωποι! Αν αμφιβάλλετε για την ανάσταση, (λάβετε υπόψη ότι) πράγματι, σας έχουμε πλάσει (τον Αδάμ) από χώμα, έπειτα από Νούτφα (σταγόνες από αναμεμειγμένες εκκρίσεις των δύο φύλων), έπειτα από ‘Άλακα (κρεμάμενο θρόμβο αίματος), έπειτα από Μούντγα (ένα κομμάτι σάρκας, που φαίνεται μασημένο), το οποίο είναι σχηματισμένο (στην ανθρώπινη μορφή) ή δεν είναι ακόμη σχηματισμένο (όπως στην περίπτωση της αποβολής), για να σας δείξουμε ξεκάθαρα (τη Δύναμή Μας, πώς σας δημιουργήσαμε σε διαφορετικά στάδια). Και κάνουμε όποιους θέλουμε να παραμένουν στις μήτρες (των μητέρων τους) για ένα ορισμένο χρόνο. Έπειτα σας βγάζουμε έξω ως μωρά, έπειτα θα φτάσετε στην ηλικία της δύναμής σας (της νεότητας). Μερικοί από σας πεθαίνουν, και μερικούς από σας τους αφήνουμε να ζήσουν μέχρι τα αδύναμα γηρατειά, στα οποία δε θα ξέρουν τίποτε, παρόλο που γνώριζαν πριν. Βλέπεις τη γη άγονη, αλλά όταν ρίχνουμε πάνω της νερό (βροχή), ταρακουνιέται (από ζωή), και φουσκώνει και φυτρώνει κάθε λογής ωραία φυτά.

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2

हिन्दी · Hindi

ऐ लोगो! यदि तुम (मरणोपरांत) उठाए जाने के बारे में किसी संदेह में हो, तो निःसंदेह हमने तुम्हें तुच्छ मिट्टी से पैदा किया, फिर वीर्य की एक बूँद से, फिर रक्त के थक्के से, फिर माँस की एक बोटी से, जो चित्रित तथा चित्र विहीन होती है[2], ताकि हम तुम्हारे लिए (अपनी शक्ति को) स्पष्ट कर[3] दें, और हम जिसे चाहते हैं गर्भाशयों में एक नियत समय तक ठहराए रखते हैं, फिर हम तुम्हें एक शिशु के रूप में निकालते हैं, फिर ताकि तुम अपनी जवानी को पहुँचो, और तुममें से कोई वह है जो उठा लिया जाता है, और तुममें से कोई वह है जो जीर्ण आयु की ओर लौटाया जाता है, ताकि वह जानने के बाद कुछ न जाने। तथा तुम धरती को सूखी (मृत) देखते हो, फिर जब हम उसपर पानी उतारते हैं, तो वह लहलहाती है और उभरती है तथा हर प्रकार की सुदृश्य वनस्पतियाँ उगाती है।

Translated by Azizul Haq Al-Omari

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.5

Italiano · Italian

O uomini, se siete in dubbio sulla Resurrezione, sappiate che in verità vi abbiamo creati di terra, poi da un fiotto, poi da una larva, poi da un bolo formato e non formato, per chiarirvi. E stabiliamo nell’utero ciò che Noi vogliamo fino a un dato termine; poi vi facciamo nascere bambini, poi vi facciamo raggiungere la maturità, e tra voi c’è chi muore prima e c’è chi viene fatto tornare alla vecchiaia, così da non sapere più nulla dopo aver saputo. E vedi la terra spoglia, ma quando facciamo cadere l’acqua su di essa, eccola agitarsi e crescere, e fa germogliare coppie di ogni buona specie.

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2

Lietuvių · Lithuanian

5. O žmonės, jei jūs abejojate Prikėlimu, tada iš tikrųjų Mes sukūrėme tave (t. y. Adamą (Adomą) iš dulkės, tada iš Nufta (sumaišytų vyro ir moters lytinių išskyrų lašų, t. y. Adamo (Adomo) palikuonis), tada iš krešulio (tiršto sukrešėjusio kraujo gabalo), tada iš mažo mėsos gumulėlio – kai kada susiformavusio, o kai kada – nesusiformavusio (kaip persileidimo atveju) – tam, kad Mes paaiškintume (tai) jums (t. y. parodytume jums Savo Galią ir Galimybę daryti tai, ką Mes norime). Ir Mes priverčiame tą, kurį Mes norime likti gimdose nustatytam laikui, tada Mes išvedam jus kūdikiais, tada (suteikiame jums augimą) tam, kad jūs pasiektumėte savo pilnos galios amžių. Ir iš jūsų tarpo yra tas, kuris miršta (jaunas), ir iš jūsų tarpo yra tas, kuris grąžinamas į vargingą amžių taip, kad jis nebežino nieko po to, kai žinojo. Ir jūs matote nualintą žemę, tačiau kai Mes nuleidžiame vandenį (lietų) ant jos, ji sujudinama (gyvenimui), ir ji išbrinksta ir išaugina visas puikias rūšis (augemijos).

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.8

Afaan Oromoo · Oromo

Yaa namootaa! Yoo (du'a booda) kaafamuu irraa shakkii keessa jiraattan, Nuti biyyee irraa isin uumnee; ergasii copha bishaan saalaa irraa, eegasii dhiiga ititaa irraa, ergasii foon alalfatamu kan uumaa guuttateefi kan hin guuttatin (irraa isin uumne); (humnaafi dandeettii keenya) isiniif ibsuuf (kana goone). Nuti waan (abbaa) feene hanga qaaxaroo maqaa dhawamaa taheetti gadaamessaalee keessa teessifna, ergasii daa’ima goonee isin baafna (dhalachiifna). Ergasii akka umrii jabinaa keessan irra geessaniif (isin jiraachifnee isin guddifna). Isin irraa nama (umrii ijoollummaatiin) du’utu jira. isin irraa nama (haalaan dulloomee) gara umrii gadi aanaa deebi'utu jira. Erga beekkomsaatii akka homaa hin beekneef, Dachii gogduu taatee agarta; yeroo Nuti bishaan (bokkaa) ishee irratti buufne (roobsine) ni sochooti; ni iitoftis, akaakuu marga bareedaa irraas ni magarsiti.

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.0

Русский · Russian

О люди! Если вы пребываете в сомнении о воскрешении, то, воистину, Мы сотворили вас из праха, затем — из капли [семени], затем — из сгустка, затем — из кусочка плоти, сформированного и несформированного, — чтобы разъяснить вам. И Мы удерживаем в утробах то, что пожелаем, до назначенного срока; затем выводим вас младенцами; затем — чтобы вы достигли своей зрелости. И среди вас есть тот, кто умирает, и среди вас есть тот, кто будет возвращён к самой немощной поре жизни, чтобы после знания не знать ничего. И ты видишь землю неподвижной; но когда Мы ниспосылаем на неё воду, она содрогается, набухает и взращивает всякие прекрасные виды [растений].

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1

Српски · Serbian

О људи! Ако сте у сумњи према проживљењу - па Ми смо вас, заиста, створили од земље, затим од капи семена, потом од заквачка, затим од груде меса, обликованих и необликованих удова, да бисмо вам показали нашу моћ! А у материцама задржавамо шта хоћемо, до одређеног рока, затим чинимо да се рађате као дојенчад и да после до мужевног доба израстете; једни од вас умиру, а други дубоку старост доживљавају, тако да зачас, забораве оно што су знали. И ти видиш земљу како је замрла, али кад на њу спустимо воду, она устрепће и узбуја, и из ње изникне разноразно прекрасно биље.

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4

Kiswahili · Swahili

Enyi watu! Ikiwa nyinyi mna shaka juu ya kufufuliwa, basi kwa hakika Sisi tulikuumbeni kutokana na udongo, kisha kutokana na manii, kisha kutokana na kipande cha damu iliyogandana, kisha kutokana na kipande cha nyama chenye umbo na kisichokuwa na umbo, ili tuwabainishie. Nasi tunakiweka katika matumbo ya uzazi tunachokitaka mpaka muda uliowekwa. Kisha tunawatoa kwa hali ya mtoto mchanga, kisha mfikie kutimia akili. Na wapo katika nyinyi wanaokufa, na wapo katika nyinyi wanaorudishwa kwenye umri wa unyonge kabisa, hata mtu awe hajui kitu baada ya kuwa anakijua. Na unaiona ardhi imetulia kimya, lakini tunapoyateremsha maji juu yake, husisimka na kututumka, na kumea kila namna ya mimea mizuri.

Issued by the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5

Svenska · Swedish

Människor! Om ni tvivlar på uppståndelsen, [betänk] då att vi har skapat er från jord, därefter från en droppe säd, sedan från en blodklump och till sist från en formad eller oformad bit kött, för att visa [vår makt] för er. Vi låter det [foster] vi vill stanna i livmodern till en bestämd tid. Sedan för vi er ut som spädbarn, och därefter når ni er fulla styrka. Somliga av er dör [unga], medan andra når en skröplig ålder, så att de efter att ha varit kunniga inte längre minns något. Och ni kan se jorden alldeles livlös och hur den, när vi låter regn falla över den, börjar röra på sig och svälla och så låter den alla slags vackra växter spira fram.

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2

Türkçe · Turkish

Ey insanlar! Eğer tekrar dirilmekten şüphede iseniz; şunu bilin ki, biz sizi topraktan, sonra nutfeden (meniden), sonra alakadan (embriyodan), sonra (cesedi) biçimlenen ve biçimlenmeyen bir çiğnem et parçasından yarattık ki, size (kudretimizi) açıkça gösterelim. Dilediğimizi adı konmuş bir süreye kadar rahimlerde tutar ve sizi bebek olarak çıkarırız. Sonra siz yetişip, güçlü çağınıza gelirsiniz. Kiminiz vefat eder, kiminiz de bilen bir kimse olduktan sonra bir şey bilmez hale gelsin diye ömrünün en düşkün dönemine ulaştırılır. Yeryüzünü kupkuru görürsün de biz ona su indirince harekete geçer, kabarır ve her çeşit güzel bitkiyi çift çift bitirir.

Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4

اردو · Urdu

لوگو! اگر تمہیں مرنے کے بعد جی اٹھنے میں شک ہے تو سوچو ہم نے تمہیں مٹی سے پیدا کیا پھر نطفہ سے پھر خون بستہ سے پھر گوشت کے لوتھڑے سے جو صورت دیا گیا تھا اور بے نقشہ تھا[1] ۔ یہ ہم تم پر ﻇاہر کر دیتے ہیں[2]، اور ہم جسے چاہیں ایک ٹھہرائے ہوئے وقت تک رحم مادر میں رکھتے ہیں[3] پھر تمہیں بچپن کی حالت میں دنیا میں ﻻتے ہیں پھر تاکہ تم اپنی پوری جوانی کو پہنچو، تم میں سے بعض تو وه ہیں جو فوت کر لئے جاتے ہیں[4] اور بعض بے غرض عمر کی طرف پھر سے لوٹا دیئے جاتے ہیں کہ وه ایک چیز سے باخبر ہونے کے بعد پھر بے خبر ہو جائے[5]۔ تو دیکھتا ہے کہ زمین (بنجر اور) خشک ہے پھر ہم اس پر بارشیں برساتے ہیں تو وه ابھرتی ہے اور پھولتی ہے اور ہر قسم کی رونق دار نباتات اگاتی ہے.[6]

Translated by Muhammad Ibrahim Junagarhi, developed under the supervision of the Rowwad Translation Center. The original translation is available for the purpose of expressing opinion, evaluation, and continuous development.

From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.3

About these translations

5 cleared translations, newest first, by year of publication, so the modern English comes before the historical ones. That is an ordering by date, not a judgement. Each is shown complete — this platform never excerpts a translation — and each renders under its translator's name. No translation here is marked as the correct one.

Which translations appear here is set by copyright: they are the ones whose rights could be documented and cleared. The selection is not a judgement that these are the best.

About easy-read

Easy-read is a simplified pronunciation, not authoritative — a rule-by-rule romanisation, not a reading. Each verse ends in its pause form, as it is said when you stop there. Pauses inside a verse and other tajwid rules are not shown. It is derived from the Tanzil Simple edition, while the Arabic above is the Uthmani edition; both are cleared, but they are not the same edition and their orthography differs.

The verses around this oneSource fact

shown so it's never read alone

22:3

وَمِنَ ٱلنَّاسِ مَن يُجَٰدِلُ فِى ٱللَّهِ بِغَيْرِ عِلْمٍ وَيَتَّبِعُ كُلَّ شَيْطَٰنٍ مَّرِيدٍ

Easy-read · not authoritative

Easy-read (simplified)wamina n-naasi man yujaadilu fee llaahi bighayri 'ilmin wayattabi'u kulla shaytaanin mareed

DIN 31635wamina n-nāsi man yuǧādilu fī llāhi biġayri ʿilmin wayattabiʿu kulla šayṭānin marīdin

Talal Itani2012 Among the people is he who argues about God without knowledge, and follows every defiant devil.

Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 Among mankind is he who disputeth concerning Allah without knowledge, and followeth each froward devil

Edward Henry Palmer1880 And amongst men is one who wrangles about God without knowledge, and follows every rebellious devil

John Medows Rodwell1861 There is a man who, without knowledge, wrangleth about God, and followeth every rebellious Satan

George Sale1734 There is a man who disputeth concerning God without knowledge, and followeth every rebellious devil

22:4

كُتِبَ عَلَيْهِ أَنَّهُۥ مَن تَوَلَّاهُ فَأَنَّهُۥ يُضِلُّهُۥ وَيَهْدِيهِ إِلَىٰ عَذَابِ ٱلسَّعِيرِ

Easy-read · not authoritative

Easy-read (simplified)kutiba 'alayhi annahu man tawallaahu fa'annahu yudilluhu wayahdeehi ilaa 'adhaabi s-sa'eer

DIN 31635kutiba ʿalayhi ʾannahu man tawallāhu faʾannahu yuḍilluhu wayahdīhi ʾilā ʿaḏābi s-saʿīri

Talal Itani2012 It was decreed for him, that whoever follows him-he will misguide him, and lead him to the torment of the Blaze.

Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 For him it is decreed that whoso taketh him for friend, he verily will mislead him and will guide him to the punishment of the Flame

Edward Henry Palmer1880 against whom it is written down that whoso takes him for a patron, verily, he will lead him astray, and will guide him towards the torment of the blaze

John Medows Rodwell1861 Concerning whom it is decreed, that he shall surely beguile and guide into the torment of the Flame, whoever shall take him for his Lord

George Sale1734 Against whom it is written, that whoever shall take him for his patron, he shall surely seduce him, and shall lead him into the torment of hell

22:5 — the verse above

22:6

ذَٰلِكَ بِأَنَّ ٱللَّهَ هُوَ ٱلْحَقُّ وَأَنَّهُۥ يُحْىِ ٱلْمَوْتَىٰ وَأَنَّهُۥ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَىْءٍ قَدِيرٌ

Easy-read · not authoritative

Easy-read (simplified)dhaalika bi'anna llaaha huwa l-haqqu wa'annahu yuhyee l-mawtaa wa'annahu 'alaa kulli shay'in qadeer

DIN 31635ḏālika biʾanna llāha huwa l-ḥaqqu waʾannahu yuḥyī l-mawtā waʾannahu ʿalā kulli šayʾin qadīrun

Talal Itani2012 That is because God is the truth, and because He gives life to the dead, and because He is Capable of everything.

Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 That is because Allah, He is the Truth and because He quickeneth the dead, and because He is Able to do all things

Edward Henry Palmer1880 That is because God, He is the truth, and because He quickens the dead, and because He is mighty over all

John Medows Rodwell1861 This, for that God is the Truth, and that it is He who quickeneth the dead, - and that He hath power over everything

George Sale1734 This sheweth that God is the truth, and that He raiseth the dead to life, and that He is almighty

22:7

وَأَنَّ ٱلسَّاعَةَ ءَاتِيَةٌ لَّا رَيْبَ فِيهَا وَأَنَّ ٱللَّهَ يَبْعَثُ مَن فِى ٱلْقُبُورِ

Easy-read · not authoritative

Easy-read (simplified)wa'anna s-saa'ata aatiyatun laa rayba feehaa wa'anna llaaha yab'athu man fee l-quboor

DIN 31635waʾanna s-sāʿata ʾātiyatun lā rayba fīhā waʾanna llāha yabʿaṯu man fī l-qubūri

Talal Itani2012 And because the Hour is coming-there is no doubt about it-and because God will resurrect those in the graves.

Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 And because the Hour will come, there is no doubt thereof; and because Allah will raise those who are in the graves

Edward Henry Palmer1880 and because the Hour is coming, there is no doubt therein, and because God raises up those who are in the tombs

John Medows Rodwell1861 And that "the Hour" will indeed come - there is no doubt of it - and that God will wake up to life those who are in the tombs

George Sale1734 and that the hour of judgment will surely come, (there is no doubt thereof), and that God will raise again those who are in the graves

Sources

EditionTanzil Qur'an text (Uthmani) ·Uthmani, Version 1.1·Tanzil Project ·Creative Commons Attribution 3.0·retrieved 24 Aug 2026

Parallel edition — Simple, Version 1.1

يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِن كُنتُمْ فِي رَيْبٍ مِّنَ الْبَعْثِ فَإِنَّا خَلَقْنَاكُم مِّن تُرَابٍ ثُمَّ مِن نُّطْفَةٍ ثُمَّ مِنْ عَلَقَةٍ ثُمَّ مِن مُّضْغَةٍ مُّخَلَّقَةٍ وَغَيْرِ مُخَلَّقَةٍ لِّنُبَيِّنَ لَكُمْ وَنُقِرُّ فِي الْأَرْحَامِ مَا نَشَاءُ إِلَىٰ أَجَلٍ مُّسَمًّى ثُمَّ نُخْرِجُكُمْ طِفْلًا ثُمَّ لِتَبْلُغُوا أَشُدَّكُمْ وَمِنكُم مَّن يُتَوَفَّىٰ وَمِنكُم مَّن يُرَدُّ إِلَىٰ أَرْذَلِ الْعُمُرِ لِكَيْلَا يَعْلَمَ مِن بَعْدِ عِلْمٍ شَيْئًا وَتَرَى الْأَرْضَ هَامِدَةً فَإِذَا أَنزَلْنَا عَلَيْهَا الْمَاءَ اهْتَزَّتْ وَرَبَتْ وَأَنبَتَتْ مِن كُلِّ زَوْجٍ بَهِيجٍ

EditionTanzil Qur'an text (Simple) ·Simple, Version 1.1·Tanzil Project ·Creative Commons Attribution 3.0·retrieved 24 Aug 2026

Analysis detailsDerived

These figures count the words the translations share. They measure wording, not meaning, and they do not say which translation is right.

Derived measure: mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the lowercased word sets of the 5 renderings above — 0.69 on a scale where 0 means identical wording and 1 means no shared words. It is computed, not judged.

The page says a verse is worded differently only above the cut below. The cut is a stated convention, not a property of the text, and it can be changed.

The cut
0.644
Share of measured verses above it
33%
Verses above it
2,079
Verses measured
6,236
Talal Itani · John Medows Rodwell 0.75
Talal Itani · George Sale 0.75
Edward Henry Palmer · George Sale 0.73
Edward Henry Palmer · John Medows Rodwell 0.73
Talal Itani · Edward Henry Palmer 0.70
Edward Henry Palmer · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall 0.67
Talal Itani · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall 0.66
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · John Medows Rodwell 0.66
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · George Sale 0.62
John Medows Rodwell · George Sale 0.57

One bar per pair of renderings, longest bar for the pair sharing fewest words. Every pair is shown; none is singled out.

Method Wording differences — derived 13 September 2026
Method
Mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the lowercased word sets of the cleared translations of each verse. A verse is marked as worded differently when its score falls in the top third of the corpus — the cut set out in Analysis details.
As at
13 September 2026, 10:56 UTC
Gate
verify/divergence_gate.py re-derives and fails on drift

The platform does not say which is right, and does not characterise what the difference means. The renderings are placed together so the difference is visible; reading it is the reader's work.

Easy-read

SourceTanzil Qur'an text (Simple) ·Simple, Version 1.1·Tanzil Project ·Creative Commons Attribution 3.0·retrieved 24 Aug 2026

SourceTanzil Qur'an text (Simple) ·Simple, Version 1.1·Tanzil Project ·Creative Commons Attribution 3.0·retrieved 24 Aug 2026

ReceiptsSource fact

7 sources stand behind this page. Each is listed once, in the order the page first cites it, with the licence it was cleared under and what was actually read. Nothing on this page rests on a source that is not here.

Source Tanzil Qur'an text (Uthmani) · Uthmani, Version 1.1
Edition
Uthmani, Version 1.1
Custodian
Tanzil Project
Layer
canonical text
Licence
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0
Licence URL
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Commercial use
yes
Modification
contradictory
Licence text
read verbatim
Review state
cleared
Retrieved
24 August 2026
Digest
203f0f1bf3158b1e5be4ab9f8f6870e5…
Located at
https://tanzil.net/pub/download/index.php?quranType=uthmani&outType=xml
Convention
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.

CLEARED. Licence read verbatim from the block embedded in this very file. Ingested exactly as shipped: no normalisation, no stripping of marks, no Unicode recomposition.

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Source Talal Itani, ClearQuran · ClearQuran, "God" edition, EPUB
Edition
ClearQuran, "God" edition, EPUB
Custodian
Talal Itani / ClearQuran.com
Layer
translation
Licence
Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
Licence URL
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/
Commercial use
yes
Modification
no
Licence text
terms page read
Review state
cleared
Retrieved
7 September 2026
Digest
70b0a8bb6f862f43670f7da1c0da59a4…
Located at
https://www.clearquran.com/downloads/quran-in-english-clearquran.epub
Convention
Parsed structurally from the EPUB: an h3 names the surah, one p per verse with its number in its own span. An unnumbered p is the basmala and is not a verse, except in surah 1 where the basmala IS verse 1. 112 unnumbered paragraphs were found, which is 114 surahs less surah 1 and surah 9. Text is stored VERBATIM: NFC normalisation and XML entity unescaping only, because CC BY-ND forbids modification.

CLEARED on a licence read first-hand from the translator's own download page, not from an aggregator. Tanzil also hosts this translation, but under a blanket "non-commercial purposes only" term that directs the user to the translator or publisher for permission - a hosting disclaimer, not a grant - so the grant was taken from the licensor directly. The "God" edition was ingested; ClearQuran also publishes an "Allah" edition, differing in how the divine name is rendered, which is not ingested.

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Source Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran · 1930 translation, digital edition of unverified printing
Edition
1930 translation, digital edition of unverified printing
Custodian
None — public domain work
Layer
translation
Licence
Public domain — copyright term expired
Licence URL
— none published —
Commercial use
yes
Modification
yes
Licence text
not applicable — no licence exists
Review state
cleared
Retrieved
24 August 2026
Digest
aaff752d4349005282d977eebb863982…
Located at
https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/fawazahmed0/quran-api@6be8e17f2a0c13b1f33b1c3057f73cb28d5e848e/editions/eng-mohammedmarmadu.json

CLEARED ON THE WORK, WITH TWO RECORDED CAVEATS ON THIS COPY. (1) Rights basis is the expired copyright term, NOT the redistributing repository's licence. That repository dedicates its contents to the public domain under the Unlicense while also redistributing plainly in-copyright translations (Abdel Haleem, Saheeh International, The Study Quran), so it is dedicating rights it cannot hold and its blanket grant is not relied upon here. (2) The file declares its own upstream as tanzil.net, and Tanzil attaches a non-commercial condition to its TRANSLATION distributions, though not to its Qur'anic text. Since Pickthall's copyright has expired, nobody holds rights in these words and no licence is required from anyone; Tanzil's terms are a contract binding those who download from Tanzil, which we did not. The chain is nonetheless not spotless and Anwar may prefer a clean digitisation of the 1930 printing. NOT VERIFIED: that this digital text matches the 1930 first printing rather than a later revised edition. No page images were collated. Recorded as unverified rather than presented as established. SERVED TEXT DIFFERS FROM THE CITED FILE AT ONE VERSE, 37:97: the file reads "red-hotfire" (a glued token, also in Gutenberg #16955); the served row reads "red-hot fire", restored 2026-09-13 from Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran (London: George Allen & Unwin, printed for Alfred A. Knopf; 1930), p. 460, XXXVII 97 - scan archive.org in.ernet.dli.2015.216140, PDF page 475; banked data/derivation-sources/pickthall-1930-dli-2015.216140-text.pdf (sha256 70e81146c97fa3a590243a82e04e349108546074787e2551a78c616202138870) on Anwar Malik's grant.

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Source Edward Henry Palmer, English translation of the Qur'an · 1880 translation, digital edition of unverified printing
Edition
1880 translation, digital edition of unverified printing
Custodian
None — public domain work
Layer
translation
Licence
Public domain — copyright term expired
Licence URL
— none published —
Commercial use
yes
Modification
yes
Licence text
not applicable — no licence exists
Review state
cleared
Retrieved
24 August 2026
Digest
32b2330e332339ace53509539efe9040…
Located at
https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/fawazahmed0/quran-api@6be8e17f2a0c13b1f33b1c3057f73cb28d5e848e/editions/eng-edwardhenrypalm.json
Convention
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.

CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is not stated by the redistributor and the printing is unverified. No statement of purpose is recorded for Palmer because none was sourced from his own preface in this pass; nothing is asserted on his behalf.

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Source John Medows Rodwell, English translation of the Qur'an · 1861 translation, digital edition of unverified printing
Edition
1861 translation, digital edition of unverified printing
Custodian
None — public domain work
Layer
translation
Licence
Public domain — copyright term expired
Licence URL
— none published —
Commercial use
yes
Modification
yes
Licence text
not applicable — no licence exists
Review state
cleared
Retrieved
24 August 2026
Digest
91423dea6a6dccc192457870ed2c08fb…
Located at
https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/fawazahmed0/quran-api@6be8e17f2a0c13b1f33b1c3057f73cb28d5e848e/editions/eng-johnmedowsrodwe.json
Convention
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.

CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. TWO edition caveats. (1) The upstream is not stated by the redistributor. (2) Rodwell's own edition PRESENTS THE SURAHS IN HIS OWN CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER, not the mushaf order — he says so in his preface. This digital text is keyed to mushaf order, so it derives from a restored-order printing (such as the Everyman edition) rather than from Rodwell's own arrangement. Which printing is not stated and has not been established.

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Source George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an · 1734 translation, digital edition of unverified printing
Edition
1734 translation, digital edition of unverified printing
Custodian
None — public domain work
Layer
translation
Licence
Public domain — copyright term expired
Licence URL
— none published —
Commercial use
yes
Modification
yes
Licence text
not applicable — no licence exists
Review state
cleared
Retrieved
24 August 2026
Digest
05b679f5df49b0579e65f4b83b4c7235…
Located at
https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/fawazahmed0/quran-api@6be8e17f2a0c13b1f33b1c3057f73cb28d5e848e/editions/eng-georgesale.json
Convention
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.

CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is NOT STATED by the redistributor, so the printing it represents is unverified; Sale's text was reprinted and re-edited many times between 1734 and 1900. Recorded as unverified rather than assumed to be the first edition.

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Source Tanzil Qur'an text (Simple) · Simple, Version 1.1
Edition
Simple, Version 1.1
Custodian
Tanzil Project
Layer
canonical text
Licence
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0
Licence URL
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Commercial use
yes
Modification
contradictory
Licence text
read verbatim
Review state
cleared
Retrieved
24 August 2026
Digest
d9b5bad94e4725191aa8da9a0404bd8e…
Located at
https://tanzil.net/pub/download/index.php?quranType=simple&outType=xml
Convention
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.

CLEARED. Parallel edition, held in ayah_text_variants. It sits alongside the Uthmani spine for search normalisation and is never used to correct it.

Every source and rights decision →

Every source and rights decision →

How to read this page

Source fact Derived link Editorial
Source fact
Text as a named source gives it. The platform is transcribing, not speaking.
Derived link
Produced by a query over data we hold. Reproducible, and its method is stated.
Editorial
Written by a named editor. Not a translation and not a source. The only place this platform speaks in its own voice, and it is signed.

Qur'anic text from the Tanzil Project. Copyright (C) 2007-2026 Tanzil Project License: Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Source: tanzil.net · Updates: tanzil.net/updates/ https://tanzil.net/updates/