7 sources
stand behind this page. Each is listed once, in the order the page first
cites it, with the licence it was cleared under and what was actually read.
Nothing on this page rests on a source that is not here.
Source Tanzil Qur'an text (Uthmani) · Uthmani, Version 1.1
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.
CLEARED. Licence read verbatim from the block embedded in this very file. Ingested exactly as shipped: no normalisation, no stripping of marks, no Unicode recomposition.
Parsed structurally from the EPUB: an h3 names the surah, one p per verse with its number in its own span. An unnumbered p is the basmala and is not a verse, except in surah 1 where the basmala IS verse 1. 112 unnumbered paragraphs were found, which is 114 surahs less surah 1 and surah 9. Text is stored VERBATIM: NFC normalisation and XML entity unescaping only, because CC BY-ND forbids modification.
CLEARED on a licence read first-hand from the translator's own download page, not from an aggregator. Tanzil also hosts this translation, but under a blanket "non-commercial purposes only" term that directs the user to the translator or publisher for permission - a hosting disclaimer, not a grant - so the grant was taken from the licensor directly. The "God" edition was ingested; ClearQuran also publishes an "Allah" edition, differing in how the divine name is rendered, which is not ingested.
CLEARED ON THE WORK, WITH TWO RECORDED CAVEATS ON THIS COPY. (1) Rights basis is the expired copyright term, NOT the redistributing repository's licence. That repository dedicates its contents to the public domain under the Unlicense while also redistributing plainly in-copyright translations (Abdel Haleem, Saheeh International, The Study Quran), so it is dedicating rights it cannot hold and its blanket grant is not relied upon here. (2) The file declares its own upstream as tanzil.net, and Tanzil attaches a non-commercial condition to its TRANSLATION distributions, though not to its Qur'anic text. Since Pickthall's copyright has expired, nobody holds rights in these words and no licence is required from anyone; Tanzil's terms are a contract binding those who download from Tanzil, which we did not. The chain is nonetheless not spotless and Anwar may prefer a clean digitisation of the 1930 printing. NOT VERIFIED: that this digital text matches the 1930 first printing rather than a later revised edition. No page images were collated. Recorded as unverified rather than presented as established. SERVED TEXT DIFFERS FROM THE CITED FILE AT ONE VERSE, 37:97: the file reads "red-hotfire" (a glued token, also in Gutenberg #16955); the served row reads "red-hot fire", restored 2026-09-13 from Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran (London: George Allen & Unwin, printed for Alfred A. Knopf; 1930), p. 460, XXXVII 97 - scan archive.org in.ernet.dli.2015.216140, PDF page 475; banked data/derivation-sources/pickthall-1930-dli-2015.216140-text.pdf (sha256 70e81146c97fa3a590243a82e04e349108546074787e2551a78c616202138870) on Anwar Malik's grant.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is not stated by the redistributor and the printing is unverified. No statement of purpose is recorded for Palmer because none was sourced from his own preface in this pass; nothing is asserted on his behalf.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. TWO edition caveats. (1) The upstream is not stated by the redistributor. (2) Rodwell's own edition PRESENTS THE SURAHS IN HIS OWN CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER, not the mushaf order — he says so in his preface. This digital text is keyed to mushaf order, so it derives from a restored-order printing (such as the Everyman edition) rather than from Rodwell's own arrangement. Which printing is not stated and has not been established.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is NOT STATED by the redistributor, so the printing it represents is unverified; Sale's text was reprinted and re-edited many times between 1734 and 1900. Recorded as unverified rather than assumed to be the first edition.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.
CLEARED. Parallel edition, held in ayah_text_variants. It sits alongside the Uthmani spine for search normalisation and is never used to correct it.
Marked words appear in this translation and in no other English translation of this verse. Common small words and older spellings are not marked. The marks show where the wording differs, not where the meaning does.
Talal Itani· published 2012
In their footsteps, We sent Jesus son of Mary, fulfilling the Torah that preceded him; and We gave him the Gospel, wherein is guidance and light, and confirming the Torah that preceded him, and guidance and counsel for the righteous.
Translation Talal Itani, ClearQuran·Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1875–1936 · published 1930
And We caused Jesus, son of Mary, to follow in their footsteps, confirming that which was (revealed) before him in the Torah, and We bestowed on him the Gospel wherein is guidance and a light, confirming that which was (revealed) before it in the Torah - a guidance and an admonition unto those who ward off (evil)
Sources
Translation Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran·Public domain — copyright term expired
Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran·1930 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work
·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026
Edward Henry Palmer1840–1882 · published 1880
And we followed up the footsteps of these (prophets) with Jesus the son of Mary, confirming that which was before him and the law, and we brought him the gospel, wherein is guidance and light, verifying what was before it of the law, and a guidance and an admonition unto those who fear
Sources
Translation Edward Henry Palmer, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
And in the footsteps of the prophets caused we Jesus, the son of Mary, to follow, confirming the law which was before him: and we gave him the Evangel with its guidance and light, confirmatory of the preceding Law; a guidance and warning to those who fear God
Sources
Translation John Medows Rodwell, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
We also caused Jesus the son of Mary to follow the footsteps of the prophets, confirming the law which was sent down before him; and we gave him the gospel, containingdirection and light; confirming also the law which was given before it, and a direction and admonition unto those who fear God
Sources
Translation George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an·1734 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work
·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026
Other languages (18)Shqip · Albanian
Pastaj, Ne dërguam në gjurmët e tyre Isain, birin e Merjemes, për të vërtetuar atë që erdhi para tij në Teurat dhe i dhamë atij Inxhilin në të cilin ka udhëzim e dritë, si vërtetues të asaj që ishte shpallur para tij në Teurat dhe si udhërrëfim e këshillë për të devotshmit,
Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5
বাংলা · Bengali
আর আমি তাদের পেছনে (বানূ ইসরাঈলের নবীদের পরপরই) মারইয়াম পুত্র ‘ঈসাকে পাঠিয়েছিলাম, তিনি তার পূর্ববর্তী তাওরাতকে সত্যায়নকারী ছিলেন এবং তাকে দিয়েছিলাম ইঞ্জীল। এতে রয়েছে হিদায়াত ও আলো এবং তা ছিল তার সামনে অবশিষ্ট তাওরাতের সত্যায়নকারী, মুত্তাকীদের জন্য হিদায়াত ও উপদেশস্বরূপ।
Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Dawah Association in Rabwah, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.2
Bosanski · Bosnian
Poslije njih smo Isaa, sina Merjemina, poslali, koji je priznavao Tevrat, prije njega objavljen, a njemu smo dali Indžil, u kome je bila uputa i svjetlo, te da potvrdi Tevrat, prije njega objavljen, u kome je također bila uputa i pouka bogobojaznima,
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 2.0.4
Hrvatski · Croatian
Poslije njih smo Isusa, sina Marijina, poslali, koji je priznavao Toru, prije njega objavljenu, a njemu smo dali Evanđelje, u kojem je bila uputa i svjetlo, te da potvrdi Toru, prije njega objavljenu, u kome je također bila uputa i pouka bogobojaznima,
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1
Fulfulde · Fulani
Min ndewaniie batteeji maɓɓe Iisaa ɓiɗɗo Maryama, gooŋginɗo ɗuum ko woni yeeso makko immorde e Tawreeta. Minn okki Linjiila, hino e mayre Peewal, e Annoora, gooŋɗinnde kon ko woni yeeso mayre immorde e Tawreeta, ko nde Peewal, e Waaju wonan de gooŋɗuɓe ɓeen.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
ქართული · Georgian
და გავგზავნეთ ჩვენ მათ კვალდაკვალ 'ისა, მარიამის ძე,
როგორც დამამტკიცებელი იმისა, რაც მანამდე იყო თორაში. და მივეცით მას ინჯილი (სახარება), რომელშიც არის ხელმძღვანელობა (ჭეშმარიტებისკენ) და ნათელი, და რომელიც ადასტურებს იმას, რაც მანამდე იყო თორაში, და არის ხელმძღვანელობა და შეგონება მათთვის, ვინც უფრთხის ალლაჰის სასჯელს.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.7
Deutsch · German
Und Wir ließen auf ihren Spuren 'Isa, den Sohn Maryams, folgen, das bestätigend, was von der Thora vor ihm (offenbart) war; und Wir gaben ihm das Evangelium, in dem Rechtleitung und Licht sind, das bestätigend, was von der Thora vor ihm (offenbart) war, und als Rechtleitung und Ermahnung für die (Allah-)Fürchtenden.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.15
Ελληνικά · Greek
Και στα βήματά τους, στείλαμε τον Ιησού, υιό της Μαρίας, που επιβεβαίωσε την Τορά που στάλθηκε πριν απ’ αυτόν, και του δώσαμε το Ιν-τζήλ (το πρωτότυπο Ευαγγέλιο του Ιησού), στο οποίο υπήρχε καθοδήγηση και φως, και το οποίο επιβεβαίωσε την Τορά που στάλθηκε πριν απ’ αυτό, και αποτελούσε καθοδήγηση και νουθεσία για τους ευσεβείς (που φυλάσσονται από την τιμωρία του Αλλάχ τηρώντας τις εντολές Του).
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
हिन्दी · Hindi
और हमने उनके पीछे उन्हीं के पद-चिन्हों पर मरयम के बेटे ईसा को भेजा, जो उससे पहले (उतरने वाली) तौरात की पुष्टि करने वाला था तथा हमने उसे इंजील प्रदान की, जिसमें मार्गदर्शन और प्रकाश थी और वह उससे पूर्व (उतरने वाली किताब) तौरात की पुष्टि करने वाली थी तथा वह (अल्लाह से) डरने वालों के लिए सर्वथा मार्गदर्शन और उपदेश थी।
Translated by Azizul Haq Al-Omari
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.5
Italiano · Italian
E abbiamo fatto seguire a loro ‘Īsa, figlio di Maryem, a conferma di ciò che è contenuto nella Torāh, e gli abbiamo dato il Vangelo, in cui c’è Guida e Luce, a conferma di ciò che ha davanti nella Torāh, guida e consiglio ai devoti.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
Lietuvių · Lithuanian
46. O paskui jų pėdomis Mes siuntėme Isą (Jėzų), Marjamos (Marijos) sūnų, patvirtinantį Tauratą (Torą), kuris atėjo iki jo, ir Mes suteikėme jam Indžylį (Evangeliją), kuriame buvo teisingas vedimas ir šviesa ir Taurato (Toros), kuris atėjo iki to, patvirtinimas, teisingas vedimas ir perspėjimas Al-Mutakūn (dievobaimingiesiems – žr. ają 2:2).
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.0
Русский · Russian
Мы отправили по их следам ‘Ису, сына Марьям, подтверждающим истинность того, что было прежде из Таурата. И Мы даровали ему Инджиль, в котором — руководство и свет, подтверждающий то, что было до него из Таурата, и как руководство и увещевание для богобоязненных.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1
Српски · Serbian
После њих смо Исуса, Маријиног сина, послали, који је признавао Тору објављену пре њега, а њему смо дали Јеванђеље, у коме је била упута и светло, и да потврди Тору, објављену пре њега, у којој је, такође, била упута и поука богобојазнима,
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4
Kiswahili · Swahili
Na tukawafuatishia nyuma yao, Isa mwana wa Maryam akiyasadikisha yale yaliyokuwa kabla yake katika Taurati, na tukampa Injili iliyo na uongofu ndani yake, na ni nuru, na inayosadikisha yale yaliyokuwa kabla yake katika Taurati, na ni uwongofu na mawaidha kwa wacha Mungu.
Issued by the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5
Svenska · Swedish
Och vi lät Jesus, Marias son, följa i deras spår, för att bekräfta det som fanns före honom i Tawrāt. Vi gav honom Injīl med vägledning och ljus, som bekräftade det som fanns före, i Tawrāt, och som vägledning och förmaning för de gudfruktiga.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
Türkçe · Turkish
Onların ardından Meryem oğlu İsâ’yı kendinden önce gelen Tevrat’ı doğrulayıcı olarak gönderdik. Ona, içinde hidayet ve nur olan, kendinden önceki Tevrat’ı tasdik eden ve muttakiler için yol gösterici ve bir öğüt olan İncil’i verdik.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4
اردو · Urdu
اور ہم نے ان کے پیچھے عیسیٰ بن مریم کو بھیجا جو اپنے سے پہلے کی کتاب یعنی تورات کی تصدیق کرنے والے تھے[1] اور ہم نے انہیں انجیل عطا فرمائی جس میں نور اور ہدایت تھی اور وه اپنے سے پہلے کی کتاب تورات کی تصدیق کرتی تھی اور وه سراسر ہدایت ونصیحت تھی پارسا لوگوں کے لئے۔[2]
Translated by Muhammad Ibrahim Junagarhi, developed under the supervision of the Rowwad Translation Center. The original translation is available for the purpose of expressing opinion, evaluation, and continuous development.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.3
About these translations
5 cleared translations, newest first, by year of publication, so the modern English comes before the historical ones. That is an ordering by date, not a judgement. Each is shown complete — this platform never excerpts a translation — and each renders under its translator's name. No translation here is marked as the correct one.
Which translations appear here is set by copyright: they are the ones whose rights could be documented and cleared. The selection is not a judgement that these are the best.
About easy-read
Easy-read
Easy-read is a simplified pronunciation,
not authoritative — a rule-by-rule romanisation, not a reading.
Each verse ends in its pause form, as it is said when you stop there. Pauses inside a verse and other tajwid rules are not shown. It is derived from the Tanzil
Simple edition, while the Arabic above is the
Uthmani edition; both are cleared, but they are not the
same edition and their orthography differs.
Talal Itani2012 We have revealed the Torah, wherein is guidance and light. The submissive prophets ruled the Jews according to it, so did the rabbis and the scholars, as they were required to protect God's Book, and were witnesses to it. So do not fear people, but fear Me. And do not sell My revelations for a cheap price. Those who do not rule according to what God revealed are the unbelievers.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 Lo! We did reveal the Torah, wherein is guidance and a light, by which the prophets who surrendered (unto Allah) judged the Jews, and the rabbis and the priests (judged) by such of Allah's Scripture as they were bidden to observe, and thereunto were they witnesses. So fear not mankind, but fear Me. And My revelations for a little gain. Whoso judgeth not by that which Allah hath revealed: such are disbelievers
Edward Henry Palmer1880 Verily, we have revealed the law in which is guidance and light; the prophets who we're resigned did judge thereby those who were Jews, as did the masters and doctors by what they remembered of the Book of God and by what they were witnesses of. Fear not men, but fear me, and sell not my signs for a little price; for whoso will not judge by what God has revealed, these be the misbelievers
John Medows Rodwell1861 Verily, we have sent down the law (Towrat) wherein are guidance and light. By it did the prophets who professed Islam judge the Jews; and the doctors and the teachers judged by that portion of the Book of God, of which they were the keepers and the witnesses. Therefore, O Jews! fear not men but fear Me; and barter not away my signs for a mean price! And whoso will not judge by what God hath sent down - such are the Infidels
George Sale1734 We have surely sent down the law, containing direction, and light: Thereby did the prophets, who professed the true religion, judge those who Judaized; and the doctors and priests also judged by the book of God, which had been committed to their custody; and they were witnesses thereof. Therefore fear not men, but fear me; neither sell my signs for a small price. And whoso judgeth not according to what God hath revealed, they are infidels
Talal Itani2012 And We wrote for them in it: a life for a life, an eye for an eye, a nose for a nose, an ear for an ear, a tooth for a tooth, and an equal wound for a wound; but whoever forgoes it in charity, it will serve as atonement for him. Those who do not rule according to what God revealed are the evildoers.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 And We prescribed for them therein: The life for the life, and the eye for the eye, and the nose for the nose, and the ear for the ear, and the tooth for the tooth, and for wounds retaliation. But whoso forgoeth it (in the way of charity) it shall be expiation for him. Whoso judgeth not by that which Allah hath revealed: such are wrong-doers
Edward Henry Palmer1880 We have prescribed for thee therein 'a life for a life, and an eye for an eye, and a nose for a nose, and an ear for an ear, and a tooth for a tooth, and for wounds retaliation;' but whoso remits it, it is an expiation for him, but he whoso will not judge by what God has revealed, these be the unjust
John Medows Rodwell1861 And therein have we enacted for them, "Life for life, and eye for eye, and nose for nose, and ear for ear, and tooth for tooth, and for wounds retaliation:" - Whoso shall compromise it as alms shall have therein the expiation of his sin; and whoso will not judge by what God hath sent down - such are the transgressors
George Sale1734 We have therein commanded them, that they should give life for life, and eye for eye, and nose for nose, and ear for ear, and tooth for tooth; and that wounds should also be punished by retaliation: But whoever should remit it as alms, it should be accepted as an atonement for him. And whoso judgeth not according to what God hath revealed, they are unjust
Talal Itani2012 So let the people of the Gospel rule according to what God revealed in it. Those who do not rule according to what God revealed are the sinners.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 Let the People of the Gospel judge by that which Allah hath revealed therein. Whoso judgeth not by that which Allah hath revealed: such are evil-livers
Edward Henry Palmer1880 Then let the people of the gospel judge by that which is revealed therein, for whoso will not judge by what God has revealed, these be the evildoers
John Medows Rodwell1861 And that the people of the Evangel may judge according to what God hath sent down therein. And whoso will not judge by what God hath sent down - such are the perverse
George Sale1734 That they who have received the gospel might judge according to what God hath revealed therein: And whoso judgeth not according to what God hath revealed, they are transgressors
Talal Itani2012 And We revealed to you the Book, with truth, confirming the Scripture that preceded it, and superseding it. So judge between them according to what God revealed, and do not follow their desires if they differ from the truth that has come to you. For each of you We have assigned a law and a method. Had God willed, He could have made you a single nation, but He tests you through what He has given you. So compete in righteousness. To God is your return, all of you; then He will inform you of what you had disputed.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 And unto thee have We revealed the Scripture with the truth, confirming whatever Scripture was before it, and a watcher over it. So judge between them by that which Allah hath revealed, and follow not their desires away from the truth which hath come unto thee. For each We have appointed a divine law and a traced-out way. Had Allah willed He could have made you one community. But that He may try you by that which He hath given you (He hath made you as ye are). So vie one with another in good works. Unto Allah ye will all return, and He will then inform you of that wherein ye differ
Edward Henry Palmer1880 We have revealed to thee the Book in truth verifying what was before it, and preserving it; judge then between them by what God has revealed, and follow not their lusts, turning away from what is given to thee of the truth. For each one of you have we made a law and a pathway; and had God pleased He would have made you one nation, but He will surely try you concerning that which He has brought you. Be ye therefore emulous in good deeds; to God is your return altogether, and He will let you know concerning that wherein ye do dispute
John Medows Rodwell1861 And to thee we have sent down the Book of the Koran with truth, confirmatory of previous Scriptures, and their safeguard. Judge therefore between them by what God hath sent down, and follow not their desires by deserting the truth which hath come unto thee. To every one of you have we given a rule and a beaten track. And if God had pleased He had surely made you all one people; but He would test you by what He hath given to each. Be emulous, then, in good deeds. To God shall ye all return, and He will tell you concerning the subjects of your disputes
George Sale1734 We have also sent down unto thee the book of the Koran with truth, confirming that scripture which was revealed before it; and preserving the same safe from corruption. Judge therefore between them according to that which God hath revealed; and follow not their desires, by swerving from the truth which hath come unto thee. Unto every of you have we given a law, and an open path; and if God had pleased, he had surely made you one people; but he hath thought fit to give you different laws, that he might try you in that which he hath given you respectively. Therefore strive to excel each other in good works: Unto God shall ye all return, and then will he declare unto you that concerning which ye have disagreed
These figures count the words the translations share. They measure wording, not meaning, and they do not say which translation is right.
Derived measure: mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the
lowercased word sets of the 5 renderings above —
0.56 on a scale
where 0 means identical wording and 1 means no shared words. It is
computed, not judged.
The page says a verse is worded differently only above the cut below. The cut is a stated convention, not a property of the text, and it can be changed.
The cut
0.644
Share of measured verses above it
33%
Verses above it
2,079
Verses measured
6,236
Talal Itani · George Sale0.70
Talal Itani · John Medows Rodwell0.69
Talal Itani · Edward Henry Palmer0.65
Talal Itani · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall0.58
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · John Medows Rodwell0.55
Edward Henry Palmer · John Medows Rodwell0.53
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · George Sale0.51
Edward Henry Palmer · George Sale0.49
Edward Henry Palmer · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall0.46
John Medows Rodwell · George Sale0.42
One bar per pair of renderings, longest bar for the pair
sharing fewest words. Every pair is shown; none is singled out.
Method Wording differences — derived 13 September 2026
Method
Mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the lowercased word sets of the cleared translations of each verse. A verse is marked as worded differently when its score falls in the top third of the corpus — the cut set out in Analysis details.
As at
13 September 2026, 10:56 UTC
Gate
verify/divergence_gate.py re-derives and fails on drift
The platform does not say which is right, and does not
characterise what the difference means. The renderings are placed
together so the difference is visible; reading it is the reader's work.