Marked words appear in this translation and in no other English translation of this verse. Common small words and older spellings are not marked. The marks show where the wording differs, not where the meaning does.
Talal Itani· published 2012
Your Lord is God; He who created the heavens and the earth in six days, then established Himself on the Throne. The night overtakes the day, as it pursues it persistently; and the sun, and the moon, and the stars are subservient by His command. His is the creation, and His is the command. Blessed is God, Lord of all beings.
Translation Talal Itani, ClearQuran·Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1875–1936 · published 1930
Lo! your Lord is Allah Who created the heavens and the earth in six Days, then mounted He the Throne. He covereth the night with the day, which is in haste to follow it, and hath made the sun and the moon and the stars subservient by His command. His verily is all creation and commandment. Blessed be Allah, the Lord of the Worlds
Sources
Translation Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran·Public domain — copyright term expired
Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran·1930 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work
·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026
Edward Henry Palmer1840–1882 · published 1880
Verily, your Lord is God who created the heavens and the earth in six days; then He made for the Throne. He covers night with the day - it pursues it incessantly - and the sun and the moon and the stars are subject to His bidding. Aye!- His is the creation and the bidding,- blessed be God the Lord of the worlds
Sources
Translation Edward Henry Palmer, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
Your Lord is God, who in six days created the Heavens and the Earth, and then mounted the throne: He throweth the veil of night over the day: it pursueth it swiftly: and he created the sun and the moon and the stars, subjected to laws by His behest: Is not all creation and its empire His? Blessed be God the Lord of the Worlds
Sources
Translation John Medows Rodwell, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
Verily your Lord is God, who created the heavens and the earth in six days; and then ascended his throne: He causeth the night to cover the day; it succeedeth the same swiftly: He also created the sun and the moon, and the stars, which are absolutly subject unto his command. Is not the whole creation, and the empire thereof, his? Blessed be God, the Lord of all creatures
Sources
Translation George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired
George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an·1734 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work
·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026
Other languages (18)Shqip · Albanian
Pa dyshim, Zoti juaj është Allahu, i Cili krijoi qiejt dhe Tokën për gjashtë ditë e pastaj u ngrit mbi Arsh (Fron). Ai e mbulon ditën me natë, e cila e ndjek atë me shpejtësi. Ai krijoi Diellin, Hënën dhe yjet të nënshtruara me urdhrin e Tij. Vetëm Atij i takon krijimi dhe sundimi. I Bekuar është Allahu, Zoti i botëve!
Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5
বাংলা · Bengali
(হে মানুষ!) নিশ্চয় তোমাদের রব তো তিনিই (আল্লাহ), যিনি আসমানসমূহ ও জমিন (পূর্ব নমুনা ছাড়াই) ছয় দিনে সৃষ্টি করেছেন; তারপর তিনি ‘আরশের উপর ওঠেছেন। তিনিই দিনকে রাত দিয়ে ঢেকে দেন(১৩), তাদের একটি অন্যটিকে দ্রুতগতিতে অনুসরণ করে(১৪)। আর সূর্য, চাঁদ ও নক্ষত্ররাজি (তিনিই সৃষ্টি করেছেন এবং এগুলো) তাঁরই হুকুমের অনুগত। জেনে রাখো, সৃষ্টিও তাঁর, আদেশও একমাত্র তাঁরই। সৃষ্টিকুলের রব আল্লাহ কত না বরকতময়!
Translated by the team of Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Dawah Association in Rabwah, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.2
Bosanski · Bosnian
Zaista je Gospodar vaš Allah, Koji je nebesa i Zemlju u šest dana stvorio, a zatim se nad Aršom uzvisio. On tamom noći dan prekriva i ona ga u stopu prati, a Sunce i Mjesec i zvijezde pokoravaju se Njegovoj naredbi. Samo On raspolaže stvaranjem i odlučivanjem! Uzvišen neka je Allah, Gospodar svjetova!
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 2.0.4
Hrvatski · Croatian
Zaista je Gospodar vaš Allah, Koji je nebesa i Zemlju u šest dana stvorio, a zatim se nad Aršom uzvisio. On tamom noći prekriva dan i ona ga u stopu prati, a Sunce i Mjesec i zvijezde pokoravaju se Njegovoj naredbi. Samo On raspolaže stvaranjem i odlučivanjem! Uzvišen neka je Allah, Gospodar svjetova!
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1
Fulfulde · Fulani
Pellet, Joomi mon ko Alla, On Takuɗo kammuuli ɗin e leydi ndin e nder balɗe jeegoo, refti O fotondiri ka hoore Arsi. Himo suddira jemma on ñalawma, hiɗi ɗaɓɓindira no yaccorii. Naange ngen e lewru ndun e koode ɗen ko eltiraaɗi yamiroore Makko. Paamee ko Kaŋko heeranii tagoore nde e yamiroore nden. Mawnii mawngu Alla, Jeyɗo Winndere ndeen.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
ქართული · Georgian
ჭეშმარიტად, თქვენი უფალი არის ალლაჰი, რომელმაც შექმნა ცანი და მიწა ექვს დღეში, ხოლო შემდეგ ამაღლდა 'არშზე (ტახტზე). ის ფარავს ღამით დღეს, რომელიც დაუღალავად მისდევს მას... და (შექმნა) მზე, მთვარე და ვარსკვლავები, რომლებიც მისი ძალაუფლების ქვეშ არიან. დიახ! მას ეკუთვნის შექმნაც და მმართველობაც. კურთხეულია ალლაჰი, სამყაროთა უფალი!
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.7
Deutsch · German
Wahrlich, euer Herr ist Allah, Der die Himmel und die Erde in sechs Tagen erschuf und Sich hierauf über den Thron erhob. Er lässt die Nacht den Tag überdecken, wobei sie ihn eilig einzuholen sucht. Und (Er schuf auch) die Sonne, den Mond und die Sterne, durch Seinen Befehl dienstbar gemacht. Sicherlich, Sein ist die Schöpfung und der Befehl. Segensreich ist Allah, der Herr der Weltenbewohner.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.15
Ελληνικά · Greek
Ο Κύριός σας είναι ο Αλλάχ, ο Οποίος δημιούργησε τους ουρανούς και τη Γη σε έξι ημέρες και μετά ανέβηκε πάνω από τον Θρόνο (με τρόπο που ταιριάζει στην Μεγαλοπρέπειά Του). Κάνει τη νύχτα να καλύπτει την ημέρα (-και την ημέρα να καλύπτει τη νύχτα-) και να την καταδιώκει γρήγορα (η μία την άλλη χωρίς καθυστέρηση και σε μόνιμη διαδοχή). Και ο ήλιος, η σελήνη και τα αστέρια, όλα υποταγμένα στην εντολή Του. Σ' Αυτόν ανήκει η δημιουργία και η εντολή. Ευλογημένος είναι ο Αλλάχ, ο Κύριος όλων των κόσμων.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
हिन्दी · Hindi
निःसंदेह तुम्हारा पालनहार वह अल्लाह है, जिसने आकाशों तथा धरती को छह दिनों[22] में बनाया। फिर अर्श (सिंहासन) पर बुलंद हुआ। वह रात से दिन को ढाँप देता है, जो उसके पीछे दौड़ता हुआ चला आता है। तथा सूर्य और चाँद और तारे (बनाए), इस हाल में कि वे उसके आदेश के अधीन किए हुए हैं। सुन लो! सृष्टि करना और आदेश देना उसी का काम[23] है। बहुत बरकत वाला है अल्लाह, जो सारे संसारों का पालनहार है।
Translated by Azizul Haq Al-Omari
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.5
Italiano · Italian
In verità il vostro Dio è Allāh, Colui che ha creato i cieli e la terra in sei giorni, poi si stabilì sul Trono. Lui fa penetrare la notte nel giorno – che si rincorrono instancabilmente – rendendo il sole, la luna e le stelle asserviti, per Suo ordine. In verità Suo è il creato e il Regno! Gloria ad Allāh, Dio dei Mondi!
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
Lietuvių · Lithuanian
54. Iš tiesų, jūsų Viešpats yra Allahas, Kuris sukūrė dangus ir žemę per Šešias Dienas, ir tada Jis pakilo (Istava) virš Sosto (tikrai tokiu būdu, kuris pritinka Jo Didybei). Jis išveda naktį kaip apdangalą virš dienos, vaikydamas ją greitai, ir (Jis sukūrė) saulę, mėnulį, žvaigždes, kurie pakluso Jo Įsakymui. Tikrai, Jam priklauso Kūrimas ir Įsakymas. Pašlovintas yra Allahas, Alamyn (žmonijos, džinų ir viso, kas egzistuoja) Viešpats!
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.8
Afaan Oromoo · Oromo
Dhugumatti, Gooftaan keessan Rabbii Isa samiifi dachii guyyoota jaha keessatti uumee, ergasii Arshii irratti (ol ta’iinsa isaaf malu) ol ta’eedha. Haala daddaffiin isa barbaada ta'een halkaniin guyyaa haguugsisa. Aduu, ji’aafi urjiiwwan kan ajaja Isaatiin laaffifaman ta'anii (isaan uume). Dhagayaa! Uumuuniifi ajajnis kan Isaati. Rabbiin Gooftaa aalamaa ta’e barakaan isaa baay’ate.
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.0
Русский · Russian
Воистину, ваш Господь — Аллах, Который сотворил небеса и землю за шесть дней, а затем вознёсся на Трон. Он покрывает ночь днём, который стремительно преследует её, — и [сотворил] солнце, и луну, и звёзды, покорные Его повелению. Знайте же: Ему принадлежит сотворение и повеление. Благословен Аллах, Господь миров!
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.1
Српски · Serbian
Заиста је ваш Господар Аллах Који је небеса и Земљу у шест дана створио, а затим се над Престољем узвисио. Он тамом ноћи дан прекрива и она га у стопу прати, а Сунце и Месец и звезде покоравају се Његовој наредби. Само Он располаже стварањем и одлучивањем! Узвишен нека је Аллах, Господар светова!
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4
Kiswahili · Swahili
Hakika Mola wenu Mlezi ni Mwenyezi Mungu ambaye aliziumba mbingu na ardhi katika siku sita. Kisha akainuka akawa juu ya Kiti cha Enzi. Huufunika usiku kwa mchana, ufuatao upesi upesi. Na jua, na mwezi, na nyota zinazotumika kwa amri yake. Fahamuni! Ni kwake kuumba na amri. Mwenyezi Mungu ni Mwingi wa baraka, Mola Mlezi wa viumbe vyote.
Issued by the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.5
Svenska · Swedish
Er Herre är Gud som skapade himlarna och jorden under sex dagar och sedan höjde sig över tronen. Han låter natten svepa över dagen – de följer varandra i rask takt. Solen, månen och stjärnorna är alla underkastade hans befallning. Sannerligen – hans är skapelsen och hans är befallningen! Upphöjd är Gud, världarnas Herre, från vilken all välsignelse kommer!
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.2
Türkçe · Turkish
Şüphesiz gökleri ve yeri altı günde yaratmış olan Rabbiniz Allah, sonrasında arşın üstüne yükselmiştir. Birbirlerini durmadan takip eden geceyi gündüze bürüyüp örter. Güneş, Ay ve yıldızlar da O'nun emrine boyun eğmiştir. Dikkat edin! Yaratma da, emir de yalnızca O'na aittir. Âlemlerin Rabbi olan Allah ne yücedir!
Translated by the team of the Rowwad Translation Center, in cooperation with the Rabwah Dawah Association, the Islamic Content Service Association in Languages, and the IslamHouse.com website.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.0.4
اردو · Urdu
بے شک تمہارا رب اللہ ہی ہے جس نے سب آسمانوں اور زمین کو چھ روز میں پیدا کیا ہے[1] ، پھر عرش پر قائم ہوا[2]۔ وه شب سے دن کو ایسے طور پر چھپا دیتا ہے کہ وه شب اس دن کو جلدی سے آ لیتی ہے[3] اور سورج اور چاند اور دوسرے ستاروں کو پیدا کیا ایسے طور پر کہ سب اس کے حکم کے تابع ہیں۔ یاد رکھو اللہ ہی کے لئے خاص ہے خالق ہونا اور حاکم ہونا، بڑی خوبیوں سے بھرا ہوا ہے اللہ جو تمام عالم کا پروردگار ہے۔
Translated by Muhammad Ibrahim Junagarhi, developed under the supervision of the Rowwad Translation Center. The original translation is available for the purpose of expressing opinion, evaluation, and continuous development.
From QuranEnc.com, version 1.1.3
About these translations
5 cleared translations, newest first, by year of publication, so the modern English comes before the historical ones. That is an ordering by date, not a judgement. Each is shown complete — this platform never excerpts a translation — and each renders under its translator's name. No translation here is marked as the correct one.
Which translations appear here is set by copyright: they are the ones whose rights could be documented and cleared. The selection is not a judgement that these are the best.
About easy-read
Easy-read
Easy-read is a simplified pronunciation,
not authoritative — a rule-by-rule romanisation, not a reading.
Each verse ends in its pause form, as it is said when you stop there. Pauses inside a verse and other tajwid rules are not shown. It is derived from the Tanzil
Simple edition, while the Arabic above is the
Uthmani edition; both are cleared, but they are not the
same edition and their orthography differs.
Talal Itani2012 We have given them a Scripture, which We detailed with knowledge-guidance and mercy for people who believe.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 Verily We have brought them a Scripture which We expounded with knowledge, a guidance and a mercy for a people who believe
Edward Henry Palmer1880 Now we have brought them a book explaining it in knowledge, a guidance and a mercy to a people who believe
John Medows Rodwell1861 And now have we brought them the Book: with knowledge have we explained it; a guidance and a mercy to them that believe
George Sale1734 And now have we brought unto those of Mecca a book of divine revelations: We have explained it with knowledge; a direction and mercy unto people who shall believe
Easy-read (simplified)hal yanzuroona illaa ta'weelahu yawma ya'tee ta'weeluhu yaqoolu lladheena nasoohu min qablu qad jaa'at rusulu rabbinaa bil-haqqi fahal lanaa min shufa'aa'a fayashfa'oo lanaa aw nuraddu fana'mala ghayra lladhee kunnaa na'malu qad khasiroo anfusahum wadalla 'anhum maa kaanoo yaftaroon
DIN 31635hal yanẓurūna ʾillā taʾwīlahu yawma yaʾtī taʾwīluhu yaqūlu llaḏīna nasūhu min qablu qad ǧāʾat rusulu rabbinā bil-ḥaqqi fahal lanā min šufaʿāʾa fayašfaʿū lanā ʾaw nuraddu fanaʿmala ġayra llaḏī kunnā naʿmalu qad ḫasirū ʾanfusahum waḍalla ʿanhum mā kānū yaftarūna
Talal Itani2012 Are they waiting for anything but its fulfillment? The Day its fulfillment comes true, those who disregarded it before will say, "The messengers of our Lord did come with the truth. Have we any intercessors to intercede for us? Or, could we be sent back, to behave differently from the way we behaved before?" They ruined their souls, and what they used to invent has failed them.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 Await they aught save the fulfilment thereof? On the day when the fulfilment thereof cometh, those who were before forgetful thereof will say: The messengers of our Lord did bring the Truth! Have we any intercessors, that they may intercede for us? Or can we be returned (to life on earth), that we may act otherwise than we used to act? They have lost their souls, and that which they devised hath failed them
Edward Henry Palmer1880 Do they wait now for aught but its interpretation?- on the day when its interpretation shall come, those who forgot it before will say, There did come to us the apostles of our Lord in truth, have we intercessors to intercede for us? or, could we return, we would do otherwise than we did.' They have lost themselves, and that which they devised has strayed away from them
John Medows Rodwell1861 What have they to wait for now but its interpretation? When its interpretation shall come, they who aforetime were oblivious of it shall say, "The Prophets of our Lord did indeed bring the truth; shall we have any intercessor to intercede for us? or could we not be sent back? Then would we act otherwise than we have acted." But they have ruined themselves; and the deities of their own devising have fled from them
George Sale1734 Do they wait for any other than the interpretation thereof? On the day whereon the interpretation thereof shall come, they who had forgotten the same before, shall say, now are we convinced by demonstration that the messengers of our Lord came unto us with truth: Shall we therefore have any intercessors, who will intercede for us? Or shall we be sent back into the world, that we may do other works than what we did in our life-time? But now have they lost their souls; and that which they impiously imagined, hath fled from them
DIN 31635walā tufsidū fī l-ʾarḍi baʿda ʾiṣlāḥihā wadʿūhu ḫawfan waṭamaʿan ʾinna raḥmata llāhi qarībun mina l-muḥsinīna
Talal Itani2012 And do not corrupt on earth after its reformation, and pray to Him with fear and hope. God's mercy is close to the doers of good.
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall1930 Work not confusion in the earth after the fair ordering (thereof). and call on Him in fear and hope. Lo! the mercy of Allah is nigh unto the good
Edward Henry Palmer1880 And do not evil in the earth after it has been righted; and call upon Him with fear and earnestness; verily, the mercy of God is nigh unto those who do well
John Medows Rodwell1861 And commit not disorders on the earth after it hath been well ordered; and call on Him with fear and longing desire: Verily the mercy of God is nigh unto the righteous
George Sale1734 And act not corruptly in the earth, after its reformation; and call upon Him with fear and desire: For the mercy of God is near unto the righteous
These figures count the words the translations share. They measure wording, not meaning, and they do not say which translation is right.
Derived measure: mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the
lowercased word sets of the 5 renderings above —
0.46 on a scale
where 0 means identical wording and 1 means no shared words. It is
computed, not judged.
The page says a verse is worded differently only above the cut below. The cut is a stated convention, not a property of the text, and it can be changed.
The cut
0.644
Share of measured verses above it
33%
Verses above it
2,079
Verses measured
6,236
Talal Itani · George Sale0.50
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · George Sale0.49
Talal Itani · John Medows Rodwell0.48
Edward Henry Palmer · John Medows Rodwell0.46
Talal Itani · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall0.46
John Medows Rodwell · George Sale0.46
Edward Henry Palmer · George Sale0.46
Talal Itani · Edward Henry Palmer0.45
Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · John Medows Rodwell0.45
Edward Henry Palmer · Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall0.42
One bar per pair of renderings, longest bar for the pair
sharing fewest words. Every pair is shown; none is singled out.
Method Wording differences — derived 13 September 2026
Method
Mean pairwise Jaccard distance over the lowercased word sets of the cleared translations of each verse. A verse is marked as worded differently when its score falls in the top third of the corpus — the cut set out in Analysis details.
As at
13 September 2026, 10:56 UTC
Gate
verify/divergence_gate.py re-derives and fails on drift
The platform does not say which is right, and does not
characterise what the difference means. The renderings are placed
together so the difference is visible; reading it is the reader's work.
7 sources
stand behind this page. Each is listed once, in the order the page first
cites it, with the licence it was cleared under and what was actually read.
Nothing on this page rests on a source that is not here.
Source Tanzil Qur'an text (Uthmani) · Uthmani, Version 1.1
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.
CLEARED. Licence read verbatim from the block embedded in this very file. Ingested exactly as shipped: no normalisation, no stripping of marks, no Unicode recomposition.
Parsed structurally from the EPUB: an h3 names the surah, one p per verse with its number in its own span. An unnumbered p is the basmala and is not a verse, except in surah 1 where the basmala IS verse 1. 112 unnumbered paragraphs were found, which is 114 surahs less surah 1 and surah 9. Text is stored VERBATIM: NFC normalisation and XML entity unescaping only, because CC BY-ND forbids modification.
CLEARED on a licence read first-hand from the translator's own download page, not from an aggregator. Tanzil also hosts this translation, but under a blanket "non-commercial purposes only" term that directs the user to the translator or publisher for permission - a hosting disclaimer, not a grant - so the grant was taken from the licensor directly. The "God" edition was ingested; ClearQuran also publishes an "Allah" edition, differing in how the divine name is rendered, which is not ingested.
CLEARED ON THE WORK, WITH TWO RECORDED CAVEATS ON THIS COPY. (1) Rights basis is the expired copyright term, NOT the redistributing repository's licence. That repository dedicates its contents to the public domain under the Unlicense while also redistributing plainly in-copyright translations (Abdel Haleem, Saheeh International, The Study Quran), so it is dedicating rights it cannot hold and its blanket grant is not relied upon here. (2) The file declares its own upstream as tanzil.net, and Tanzil attaches a non-commercial condition to its TRANSLATION distributions, though not to its Qur'anic text. Since Pickthall's copyright has expired, nobody holds rights in these words and no licence is required from anyone; Tanzil's terms are a contract binding those who download from Tanzil, which we did not. The chain is nonetheless not spotless and Anwar may prefer a clean digitisation of the 1930 printing. NOT VERIFIED: that this digital text matches the 1930 first printing rather than a later revised edition. No page images were collated. Recorded as unverified rather than presented as established. SERVED TEXT DIFFERS FROM THE CITED FILE AT ONE VERSE, 37:97: the file reads "red-hotfire" (a glued token, also in Gutenberg #16955); the served row reads "red-hot fire", restored 2026-09-13 from Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran (London: George Allen & Unwin, printed for Alfred A. Knopf; 1930), p. 460, XXXVII 97 - scan archive.org in.ernet.dli.2015.216140, PDF page 475; banked data/derivation-sources/pickthall-1930-dli-2015.216140-text.pdf (sha256 70e81146c97fa3a590243a82e04e349108546074787e2551a78c616202138870) on Anwar Malik's grant.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is not stated by the redistributor and the printing is unverified. No statement of purpose is recorded for Palmer because none was sourced from his own preface in this pass; nothing is asserted on his behalf.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. TWO edition caveats. (1) The upstream is not stated by the redistributor. (2) Rodwell's own edition PRESENTS THE SURAHS IN HIS OWN CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER, not the mushaf order — he says so in his preface. This digital text is keyed to mushaf order, so it derives from a restored-order printing (such as the Everyman edition) rather than from Rodwell's own arrangement. Which printing is not stated and has not been established.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 verses, keyed to mushaf order. The
bismillah is not fused into ayah 1: 1:1 carries it and no other verse
does. Verified against content check C3 at ingest.
CLEARED ON THE WORK. Term expired by every measure. The digital edition's upstream is NOT STATED by the redistributor, so the printing it represents is unverified; Sale's text was reprinted and re-edited many times between 1734 and 1900. Recorded as unverified rather than assumed to be the first edition.
Hafs/Kufan verse numbering, 6236 ayahs. The bismillah is delivered as a separate `bismillah` attribute on ayah 1 and is NOT fused into the ayah text. 112 surahs carry one: every surah except al-Fatiha, where the bismillah is ayah 1:1 itself, and at-Tawba, which has none. Sourced from the XML output; the plain-text output of the same release DOES fuse it, which is defect D1.
CLEARED. Parallel edition, held in ayah_text_variants. It sits alongside the Uthmani spine for search normalisation and is never used to correct it.