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Ash-Shams 91:1 – Al-Lail 92:11

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Easy-read · not authoritative

Talal Itani · published 2012

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Surah 91

Ash-Shamsالشمس

The Sun · 15 verses · Meccan

In plain wordsEditorial

Written by the editors. Not a translation, and not a source. It carries the AALAMIN Editor signature and the date it was signed, because someone has to answer for it.

Fifteen verses and fifty-four words: eleven oaths in a row — sun, moon, day, night, sky, earth, and the soul and how it was proportioned — before a single sentence about success and failure. Then Thamud, the she-camel, and the most wretched of them who was sent to hamstring her.

not a scholar — what this signature means

I am not a scholar, and nothing here asks you to treat me as one. The plain words on this site are my restatement of what the five translations shown above say, together with counts derived from the text itself — nothing more. I sign them so that a named person is accountable for every sentence, not so you'll take my word for anything. The authority on this page is the text and its translators. If my words don't match theirs, mine are the ones that are wrong.

91:1

وَٱلشَّمْسِ وَضُحَىٰهَا

Easy-read · not authoritative

Easy-read (simplified)wash-shamsi waduhaahaa

DIN 31635waš-šamsi waḍuḥāhā

By the sun and its radiance.

Compare translations (4)

By the sun and his brightness

Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · published 1930

By the sun and its noonday brightness

Edward Henry Palmer · published 1880

BY the SUN and his noonday brightness

John Medows Rodwell · published 1861

By the sun, and its rising brightness

George Sale · published 1734

Sources

In-depth analysis →

  • Talal Itani · 2012
  • Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · 1930
  • Edward Henry Palmer · 1880
  • John Medows Rodwell · 1861
  • George Sale · 1734

in a signed study →

91:2

وَٱلْقَمَرِ إِذَا تَلَىٰهَا

Easy-read · not authoritative

Easy-read (simplified)wal-qamari idhaa talaahaa

DIN 31635wal-qamari ʾiḏā talāhā

And the moon as it follows it.

Compare translations (4)

And the moon when she followeth him

Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · published 1930

And the moon when it follows him

Edward Henry Palmer · published 1880

By the Moon when she followeth him

John Medows Rodwell · published 1861

by the moon, when she followeth him

George Sale · published 1734

Sources

In-depth analysis →

  • Talal Itani · 2012
  • Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · 1930
  • Edward Henry Palmer · 1880
  • John Medows Rodwell · 1861
  • George Sale · 1734

in a signed study →

91:3

وَٱلنَّهَارِ إِذَا جَلَّىٰهَا

Easy-read · not authoritative

Easy-read (simplified)wan-nahaari idhaa jallaahaa

DIN 31635wan-nahāri ʾiḏā ǧallāhā

And the day as it reveals it.

Compare translations (4)

And the day when it revealeth him

Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · published 1930

And the day when it displays him

Edward Henry Palmer · published 1880

By the Day when it revealeth his glory

John Medows Rodwell · published 1861

by the day, when it sheweth his splendor

George Sale · published 1734

Sources

In-depth analysis →

  • Talal Itani · 2012
  • Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · 1930
  • Edward Henry Palmer · 1880
  • John Medows Rodwell · 1861
  • George Sale · 1734

in a signed study →

91:4

وَٱلَّيْلِ إِذَا يَغْشَىٰهَا

Easy-read · not authoritative

Easy-read (simplified)wallayli idhaa yaghshaahaa

DIN 31635wallayli ʾiḏā yaġšāhā

And the night as it conceals it.

Compare translations (4)

And the night when it enshroudeth him

Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · published 1930

And the night when it covers him

Edward Henry Palmer · published 1880

By the Night when it enshroudeth him

John Medows Rodwell · published 1861

by the night, when it covereth him with darkness

George Sale · published 1734

Sources

In-depth analysis →

  • Talal Itani · 2012
  • Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · 1930
  • Edward Henry Palmer · 1880
  • John Medows Rodwell · 1861
  • George Sale · 1734

in a signed study →

91:5

وَٱلسَّمَآءِ وَمَا بَنَىٰهَا

Easy-read · not authoritative

Easy-read (simplified)was-samaa'i wamaa banaahaa

DIN 31635was-samāʾi wamā banāhā

And the sky and He who built it.

Compare translations (4)

And the heaven and Him Who built it

Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · published 1930

And the heaven and what built it

Edward Henry Palmer · published 1880

By the Heaven and Him who built it

John Medows Rodwell · published 1861

by the heaven, and Him who built it

George Sale · published 1734

Sources

In-depth analysis →

  • Talal Itani · 2012
  • Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · 1930
  • Edward Henry Palmer · 1880
  • John Medows Rodwell · 1861
  • George Sale · 1734

in a signed study →

91:6

وَٱلْأَرْضِ وَمَا طَحَىٰهَا

Easy-read · not authoritative

Easy-read (simplified)wal-'ardi wamaa tahaahaa

DIN 31635wal-ʾarḍi wamā ṭaḥāhā

And the earth and He who spread it.

Compare translations (4)

And the earth and Him Who spread it

Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · published 1930

And the earth and what spread it

Edward Henry Palmer · published 1880

By the Earth and Him who spread it forth

John Medows Rodwell · published 1861

by the earth, and Him who spread it forth

George Sale · published 1734

Sources

In-depth analysis →

  • Talal Itani · 2012
  • Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · 1930
  • Edward Henry Palmer · 1880
  • John Medows Rodwell · 1861
  • George Sale · 1734

in a signed study →

91:7

وَنَفْسٍ وَمَا سَوَّىٰهَا

Easy-read · not authoritative

Easy-read (simplified)wanafsin wamaa sawwaahaa

DIN 31635wanafsin wamā sawwāhā

And the soul and He who proportioned it.

Compare translations (4)

And a soul and Him Who perfected it

Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · published 1930

And the soul and what fashioned it, and taught it

Edward Henry Palmer · published 1880

By a Soul and Him who balanced it

John Medows Rodwell · published 1861

by the soul, and Him who completely formed it

George Sale · published 1734

Sources

In-depth analysis →

  • Talal Itani · 2012
  • Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · 1930
  • Edward Henry Palmer · 1880
  • John Medows Rodwell · 1861
  • George Sale · 1734

in a signed study →

91:8

فَأَلْهَمَهَا فُجُورَهَا وَتَقْوَىٰهَا

Easy-read · not authoritative

Easy-read (simplified)fa'alhamahaa fujoorahaa wataqwaahaa

DIN 31635faʾalhamahā fuǧūrahā wataqwāhā

The translators word this verse differently

And inspired it with its wickedness and its righteousness.

Compare translations (4)

And inspired it (with conscience of) what is wrong for it and (what is) right for it

Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · published 1930

its sin and its piety

Edward Henry Palmer · published 1880

And breathed into it its wickedness and its piety

John Medows Rodwell · published 1861

and inspired into the same its faculty of distinguishing, and power of choosing, wickedness and piety

George Sale · published 1734

Sources

In-depth analysis →

  • Talal Itani · 2012
  • Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · 1930
  • Edward Henry Palmer · 1880
  • John Medows Rodwell · 1861
  • George Sale · 1734

in a signed study →

91:9

قَدْ أَفْلَحَ مَن زَكَّىٰهَا

Easy-read · not authoritative

Easy-read (simplified)qad aflaha man zakkaahaa

DIN 31635qad ʾaflaḥa man zakkāhā

Successful is he who purifies it.

Compare translations (4)

He is indeed successful who causeth it to grow

Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · published 1930

Prosperous is he who purifies it

Edward Henry Palmer · published 1880

Blessed now is he who hath kept it pure

John Medows Rodwell · published 1861

Now is he who hath purified the same, happy

George Sale · published 1734

Sources

In-depth analysis →

  • Talal Itani · 2012
  • Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · 1930
  • Edward Henry Palmer · 1880
  • John Medows Rodwell · 1861
  • George Sale · 1734

in a signed study →

91:10

وَقَدْ خَابَ مَن دَسَّىٰهَا

Easy-read · not authoritative

Easy-read (simplified)waqad khaaba man dassaahaa

DIN 31635waqad ḫāba man dassāhā

Failing is he who corrupts it.

Compare translations (4)

And he is indeed a failure who stunteth it

Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · published 1930

And disappointed is he who corrupts it

Edward Henry Palmer · published 1880

And undone is he who hath corrupted it

John Medows Rodwell · published 1861

but he who hath corrupted the same, is miserable

George Sale · published 1734

Sources

In-depth analysis →

  • Talal Itani · 2012
  • Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · 1930
  • Edward Henry Palmer · 1880
  • John Medows Rodwell · 1861
  • George Sale · 1734

in a signed study →

91:11

كَذَّبَتْ ثَمُودُ بِطَغْوَىٰهَآ

Easy-read · not authoritative

Easy-read (simplified)kadhdhabat thamoodu bitaghwaahaa

DIN 31635kaḏḏabat ṯamūdu biṭaġwāhā

The translators word this verse differently

Thamood denied in its pride.

Compare translations (4)

(The tribe of) Thamud denied (the truth) in their rebellious pride

Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · published 1930

Thamud called the apostle a liar in their outrage

Edward Henry Palmer · published 1880

Themoud in his impiety rejected the message of the Lord

John Medows Rodwell · published 1861

Thamud accused their prophet Saleh of imposture, through the excess of their wickedness

George Sale · published 1734

Sources

In-depth analysis →

  • Talal Itani · 2012
  • Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · 1930
  • Edward Henry Palmer · 1880
  • John Medows Rodwell · 1861
  • George Sale · 1734

in a signed study →

91:12

إِذِ ٱنۢبَعَثَ أَشْقَىٰهَا

Easy-read · not authoritative

Easy-read (simplified)idhi nba'atha ashqaahaa

DIN 31635ʾiḏi nbaʿaṯa ʾašqāhā

The translators word this verse differently

When it followed its most wicked.

Compare translations (4)

When the basest of them broke forth

Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · published 1930

when their wretch rose up

Edward Henry Palmer · published 1880

When the greatest wretch among them rushed up

John Medows Rodwell · published 1861

When the wretch among them was sent to slay the camel

George Sale · published 1734

Sources

In-depth analysis →

  • Talal Itani · 2012
  • Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · 1930
  • Edward Henry Palmer · 1880
  • John Medows Rodwell · 1861
  • George Sale · 1734

in a signed study →

91:13

فَقَالَ لَهُمْ رَسُولُ ٱللَّهِ نَاقَةَ ٱللَّهِ وَسُقْيَٰهَا

Easy-read · not authoritative

Easy-read (simplified)faqaala lahum rasoolu llaahi naaqata llaahi wasuqyaahaa

DIN 31635faqāla lahum rasūlu llāhi nāqata llāhi wasuqyāhā

The messenger of God said to them, "This is the she-camel of God, so let her drink."

Compare translations (4)

And the messenger of Allah said: It is the she-camel of Allah, so let her drink

Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · published 1930

and the apostle of God said to them, God's she-camel! so give her to drink

Edward Henry Palmer · published 1880

Said the Apostle of God to them, - "The Camel of God! let her drink

John Medows Rodwell · published 1861

and the apostle of God said unto them, let alone the camel of God; and hinder not her drinking

George Sale · published 1734

Sources

In-depth analysis →

  • Talal Itani · 2012
  • Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · 1930
  • Edward Henry Palmer · 1880
  • John Medows Rodwell · 1861
  • George Sale · 1734

in a signed study →

91:14

فَكَذَّبُوهُ فَعَقَرُوهَا فَدَمْدَمَ عَلَيْهِمْ رَبُّهُم بِذَنۢبِهِمْ فَسَوَّىٰهَا

Easy-read · not authoritative

Easy-read (simplified)fakadhdhaboohu fa'aqaroohaa fadamdama 'alayhim rabbuhum bidhanbihim fasawwaahaa

DIN 31635fakaḏḏabūhu faʿaqarūhā fadamdama ʿalayhim rabbuhum biḏanbihim fasawwāhā

But they called him a liar, and hamstrung her. So their Lord crushed them for their sin, and leveled it.

Compare translations (4)

But they denied him, and they hamstrung her, so Allah doomed them for their sin and rased (their dwellings)

Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · published 1930

But they called him a liar, and they ham-strung her; but their Lord destroyed them in their sins, and served them all alike

Edward Henry Palmer · published 1880

But they treated him as an impostor and hamstrung her. So their Lord destroyed them for their crime, and visited all alike

John Medows Rodwell · published 1861

But they charged him with imposture; and they slew her. Wherefore their Lord destroyed them, for their crime, and made their punishment equal unto them all

George Sale · published 1734

Sources

In-depth analysis →

  • Talal Itani · 2012
  • Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · 1930
  • Edward Henry Palmer · 1880
  • John Medows Rodwell · 1861
  • George Sale · 1734

in a signed study →

91:15

وَلَا يَخَافُ عُقْبَٰهَا

Easy-read · not authoritative

Easy-read (simplified)walaa yakhaafu 'uqbaahaa

DIN 31635walā yaḫāfu ʿuqbāhā

The translators word this verse differently

And He does not fear its sequel.

Compare translations (4)

He dreadeth not the sequel (of events)

Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · published 1930

and He fears not the result thereof

Edward Henry Palmer · published 1880

Nor feared he the issue

John Medows Rodwell · published 1861

And he feareth not the issue thereof

George Sale · published 1734

Sources

In-depth analysis →

  • Talal Itani · 2012
  • Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · 1930
  • Edward Henry Palmer · 1880
  • John Medows Rodwell · 1861
  • George Sale · 1734

in a signed study →

Surah 92

Al-Lailالليل

The Night · 21 verses · Meccan

In plain wordsEditorial

Written by the editors. Not a translation, and not a source. It carries the AALAMIN Editor signature and the date it was signed, because someone has to answer for it.

Twenty-one verses on night and day and the making of male and female, and then two efforts described in parallel: the one who gives and fears God and believes in the best, whose way is eased toward ease, and the one who withholds and considers himself self-sufficient, whose way is eased toward hardship.

92:1

وَٱلَّيْلِ إِذَا يَغْشَىٰ

Easy-read · not authoritative

Easy-read (simplified)wallayli idhaa yaghshaa

DIN 31635wallayli ʾiḏā yaġšā

By the night as it covers.

Compare translations (4)

By the night enshrouding

Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · published 1930

By the night when it veils

Edward Henry Palmer · published 1880

BY the NIGHT when she spreads her veil

John Medows Rodwell · published 1861

By the night, when it covereth all things with darkness

George Sale · published 1734

Sources

In-depth analysis →

  • Talal Itani · 2012
  • Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · 1930
  • Edward Henry Palmer · 1880
  • John Medows Rodwell · 1861
  • George Sale · 1734

in a signed study →

92:2

وَٱلنَّهَارِ إِذَا تَجَلَّىٰ

Easy-read · not authoritative

Easy-read (simplified)wan-nahaari idhaa tajallaa

DIN 31635wan-nahāri ʾiḏā taǧallā

And the day as it reveals.

Compare translations (4)

And the day resplendent

Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · published 1930

And the day when it is displayed

Edward Henry Palmer · published 1880

By the Day when it brightly shineth

John Medows Rodwell · published 1861

by the day, when it shineth forth

George Sale · published 1734

Sources

In-depth analysis →

  • Talal Itani · 2012
  • Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · 1930
  • Edward Henry Palmer · 1880
  • John Medows Rodwell · 1861
  • George Sale · 1734

in a signed study →

92:3

وَمَا خَلَقَ ٱلذَّكَرَ وَٱلْأُنثَىٰٓ

Easy-read · not authoritative

Easy-read (simplified)wamaa khalaqa dh-dhakara wal-'unthaa

DIN 31635wamā ḫalaqa ḏ-ḏakara wal-ʾunṯā

And He who created the male and the female.

Compare translations (4)

And Him Who hath created male and female

Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · published 1930

And by what created male and female

Edward Henry Palmer · published 1880

By Him who made male and female

John Medows Rodwell · published 1861

by Him who hath created the male, and the female

George Sale · published 1734

Sources

In-depth analysis →

  • Talal Itani · 2012
  • Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · 1930
  • Edward Henry Palmer · 1880
  • John Medows Rodwell · 1861
  • George Sale · 1734

in a signed study →

92:4

إِنَّ سَعْيَكُمْ لَشَتَّىٰ

Easy-read · not authoritative

Easy-read (simplified)inna sa'yakum lashattaa

DIN 31635ʾinna saʿyakum lašattā

The translators word this verse differently

Your endeavors are indeed diverse.

Compare translations (4)

Lo! your effort is dispersed (toward divers ends)

Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · published 1930

Verily, your efforts are diverse

Edward Henry Palmer · published 1880

At different ends truly do ye aim

John Medows Rodwell · published 1861

Verily your endeavour is different

George Sale · published 1734

Sources

In-depth analysis →

  • Talal Itani · 2012
  • Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · 1930
  • Edward Henry Palmer · 1880
  • John Medows Rodwell · 1861
  • George Sale · 1734

in a signed study →

92:5

فَأَمَّا مَنْ أَعْطَىٰ وَٱتَّقَىٰ

Easy-read · not authoritative

Easy-read (simplified)fa'ammaa man a'taa waattaqaa

DIN 31635faʾammā man ʾaʿṭā wāttaqā

The translators word this verse differently

As for him who gives and is righteous.

Compare translations (4)

As for him who giveth and is dutiful (toward Allah)

Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · published 1930

But as for him who gives alms and fears God

Edward Henry Palmer · published 1880

But as to him who giveth alms and feareth God

John Medows Rodwell · published 1861

Now whoso is obedient, and feareth God

George Sale · published 1734

Sources

In-depth analysis →

  • Talal Itani · 2012
  • Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · 1930
  • Edward Henry Palmer · 1880
  • John Medows Rodwell · 1861
  • George Sale · 1734

in a signed study →

92:6

وَصَدَّقَ بِٱلْحُسْنَىٰ

Easy-read · not authoritative

Easy-read (simplified)wasaddaqa bil-husnaa

DIN 31635waṣaddaqa bil-ḥusnā

The translators word this verse differently

And confirms goodness.

Compare translations (4)

And believeth in goodness

Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · published 1930

And believes in the best

Edward Henry Palmer · published 1880

And yieldeth assent to the Good

John Medows Rodwell · published 1861

and professeth the truth of that faith which is most excellent

George Sale · published 1734

Sources

In-depth analysis →

  • Talal Itani · 2012
  • Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · 1930
  • Edward Henry Palmer · 1880
  • John Medows Rodwell · 1861
  • George Sale · 1734

in a signed study →

92:7

فَسَنُيَسِّرُهُۥ لِلْيُسْرَىٰ

Easy-read · not authoritative

Easy-read (simplified)fasanuyassiruhu lilyusraa

DIN 31635fasanuyassiruhu lilyusrā

The translators word this verse differently

We will ease his way towards ease.

Compare translations (4)

Surely We will ease his way unto the state of ease

Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · published 1930

We will send him easily to ease

Edward Henry Palmer · published 1880

To him will we make easy the path to happiness

John Medows Rodwell · published 1861

unto him will We facilitate the way to happiness

George Sale · published 1734

Sources

In-depth analysis →

  • Talal Itani · 2012
  • Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · 1930
  • Edward Henry Palmer · 1880
  • John Medows Rodwell · 1861
  • George Sale · 1734

in a signed study →

92:8

وَأَمَّا مَنۢ بَخِلَ وَٱسْتَغْنَىٰ

Easy-read · not authoritative

Easy-read (simplified)wa'ammaa man bakhila wastaghnaa

DIN 31635waʾammā man baḫila wastaġnā

The translators word this verse differently

But as for him who is stingy and complacent.

Compare translations (4)

But as for him who hoardeth and deemeth himself independent

Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · published 1930

But as for him who is niggardly, And longs for wealth

Edward Henry Palmer · published 1880

But as to him who is covetous and bent on riches

John Medows Rodwell · published 1861

But whoso shall be covetous, and shall be wholly taken up with this world

George Sale · published 1734

Sources

In-depth analysis →

  • Talal Itani · 2012
  • Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · 1930
  • Edward Henry Palmer · 1880
  • John Medows Rodwell · 1861
  • George Sale · 1734

in a signed study →

92:9

وَكَذَّبَ بِٱلْحُسْنَىٰ

Easy-read · not authoritative

Easy-read (simplified)wakadhdhaba bil-husnaa

DIN 31635wakaḏḏaba bil-ḥusnā

The translators word this verse differently

And denies goodness.

Compare translations (4)

And disbelieveth in goodness

Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · published 1930

And calls the good a lie

Edward Henry Palmer · published 1880

And calleth the Good a lie

John Medows Rodwell · published 1861

and shall deny the truth of that which is most excellent

George Sale · published 1734

Sources

In-depth analysis →

  • Talal Itani · 2012
  • Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · 1930
  • Edward Henry Palmer · 1880
  • John Medows Rodwell · 1861
  • George Sale · 1734

in a signed study →

92:10

فَسَنُيَسِّرُهُۥ لِلْعُسْرَىٰ

Easy-read · not authoritative

Easy-read (simplified)fasanuyassiruhu lil'usraa

DIN 31635fasanuyassiruhu lilʿusrā

The translators word this verse differently

We will ease his way towards difficulty.

Compare translations (4)

Surely We will ease his way unto adversity

Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · published 1930

We will send him easily to difficulty

Edward Henry Palmer · published 1880

To him will we make easy the path to misery

John Medows Rodwell · published 1861

unto him will We facilitate the way to misery

George Sale · published 1734

Sources

In-depth analysis →

  • Talal Itani · 2012
  • Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · 1930
  • Edward Henry Palmer · 1880
  • John Medows Rodwell · 1861
  • George Sale · 1734

in a signed study →

92:11

وَمَا يُغْنِى عَنْهُ مَالُهُۥٓ إِذَا تَرَدَّىٰٓ

Easy-read · not authoritative

Easy-read (simplified)wamaa yughnee 'anhu maaluhu idhaa taraddaa

DIN 31635wamā yuġnī ʿanhu māluhu ʾiḏā taraddā

And his money will not avail him when he plummets.

Compare translations (4)

His riches will not save him when he perisheth

Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · published 1930

And his wealth shall not avail him When he falls down (into hell)

Edward Henry Palmer · published 1880

And what shall his wealth avail him when he goeth down

John Medows Rodwell · published 1861

and his riches shall not profit him, when he shall fall headlong into hell

George Sale · published 1734

Sources

In-depth analysis →

  • Talal Itani · 2012
  • Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall · 1930
  • Edward Henry Palmer · 1880
  • John Medows Rodwell · 1861
  • George Sale · 1734

in a signed study →

Arabic textTanzil Qur'an text (Uthmani) ·Uthmani, Version 1.1·Tanzil Project ·Creative Commons Attribution 3.0·retrieved 24 Aug 2026

Qur'anic text from the Tanzil Project. Copyright (C) 2007-2026 Tanzil Project License: Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Source: tanzil.net · Updates: tanzil.net/updates/ https://tanzil.net/updates/

Translations Edward Henry Palmer, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired

Edward Henry Palmer, English translation of the Qur'an ·1880 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work ·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026

Translations George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired

George Sale, English translation of the Qur'an ·1734 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work ·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026

Translations John Medows Rodwell, English translation of the Qur'an·Public domain — copyright term expired

John Medows Rodwell, English translation of the Qur'an ·1861 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work ·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026

Translations Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran·Public domain — copyright term expired

Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran ·1930 translation, digital edition of unverified printing·None — public domain work ·Public domain — copyright term expired·retrieved 24 Aug 2026

Translations Talal Itani, ClearQuran·Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International

Talal Itani, ClearQuran ·ClearQuran, "God" edition, EPUB·Talal Itani / ClearQuran.com ·Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International·retrieved 7 Sep 2026

Translation by Talal Itani, ClearQuran.com https://clearquran.com